Global estimate of burnout among the public health workforce: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Burnout is an occupational phenomenon resulting from chronic workplace stress. We conducted this review to estimate the pooled global prevalence of burnout among the public health workforce. METHODS: We conducted this review as per the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. We included only cross-sectional studies reporting outcome estimates among the study population. We included articles published before December 2023. We used a search strategy to systematically select the articles from PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. We assessed the quality of the studies using an adapted version of NIH's study tool assessment for cross-sectional and observational cohort studies. We estimated the pooled proportion using the random-effects model. RESULTS: We included eight studies in our review, covering a sample size of 215,787. The pooled proportion of burnout was 39% (95% CI: 25-53%; p-value: < 0.001). We also identified high heterogeneity among the included studies in our review (I2: 99.67%; p-value: < 0.001). Seven out of the eight studies were of good quality. The pooled proportion of the studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic was 42% (95% CI: 17-66%), whereas for the studies conducted during the non-pandemic period, it was 35% (95% CI: 10-60%). CONCLUSION: In our review, more than one-third of public health workers suffer from burnout, which adversely affects individuals' mental and physical health. Burnout among the public health workforce requires attention to improve the well-being of this group. Multisite studies using standardized definitions are needed for appropriate comparisons and a better understanding of variations in burnout in various subgroups based on sociodemographic characteristics and type of work responsibilities. We must design and implement workplace interventions to cope with burnout and increase well-being. LIMITATIONS: Due to the limited research on burnout among public health workers, we could not perform a subgroup analysis on various factors that could have contributed to burnout.

Relationships between job burnout, ethical climate and organizational citizenship behaviour among registered nurses: A cross-sectional study.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the levels of nurses' organizational citizenship behaviour and the associations between job burnout and ethical climate with organizational citizenship behaviour. BACKGROUND: Organizational citizenship behaviour improves adverse outcomes led by nursing shortage. However, the associations between three dimensions of job burnout and organizational citizenship behaviour are inconsistent, and little is known about whether ethical climate is related to organizational citizenship behaviour in nurses. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 1157 nurses were selected using convenience sampling from April to October 2019. Self-report surveys assessed nurses' organizational citizenship behaviour, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment and perceptions of ethical climate. RESULTS: Mean organizational citizenship behaviour was high among nurses. The regression model showed that job burnout and ethical climate explained an additional 38.6% of the variance in organizational citizenship behaviour over and above sociodemographic factors, with 44.9% of the total variance. CONCLUSION: Nurses' organizational citizenship behaviour was at a relatively high level. Depersonalization was negatively associated with organizational citizenship behaviour while personal accomplishment and ethical climate were positively related to organizational citizenship behaviour. Therefore, nurse leaders are encouraged to take measures to help nurses reduce job burnout and create a favourable ethical climate for increasing nurses' organizational citizenship behaviour.

Burnout Among Doctors and Nurses at The University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, South-South, Nigeria: A Comparative Study

BACKGROUND: Burnout remains a crucial occupational health challenge to healthcare professionals given its immediate and remote harmful effects. Doctors and nurses are highly susceptible to burnout due to the essence and demands of their services. The study aimed to determine and compare the prevalence of burnout among doctors and nurses working at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Southern Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative, cross-sectional study of 553 doctors and nurses was conducted using a stratified random sampling technique. A pretested, self-administered MBI - Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel - MBI-HSS (MP) was used for data collection and analysis using IBM Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software version 23. The Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied with a statistical significance level set at α<0.05. RESULTS: The mean ages for doctors and nurses were 37.1 ± 5.3 and 39.0 ± 9.2 respectively (p=0.003). Burnout prevalence among doctors was 9.7% compared to 5.5% among nurses (p =0.062). Out of 553 respondents, 247 (46.7%) had high emotional exhaustion (EE), 70 (12.7%) had high depersonalization (DP), and 342 (61.9%) had low personal accomplishments (PA). Furthermore, 132 (47.3%) doctors had high EE, 43 (15.4%) had high DP and 159 (57%) had low PA. While 115 (42%) nurses had high EE, 27 (9.9%) had high DP and 183 (66.8%) had a low PA (p=0.041). Excessive workload (p=0.042) and lengthy years in a workplace position (p=0.002) were significantly associated with burnout among doctors compared to family size (p=0.045) and workplace support or community (p=0.005) among nurses. CONCLUSION: The study found burnout prevalence to be higher among doctors than nurses. Work-related factors contributed significantly to burnout development. Recreating and/or modifying workplace environments is essential to mitigating the adverse effects of burnout among healthcare workers.

CONTEXTE: Le burnout demeure un défi crucial pour la santé au travail des professionnels de la santé compte tenu de ses effets immédiats et à distance. Les médecins et les infirmières sont hautement susceptibles au burnout en raison de la nature et des exigences de leurs services. L'étude visait à établir et à comparer la prévalence du burnout parmi les médecins et les infirmières travaillant à l'Hôpital Universitaire de Uyo, dans le sud du Nigéria. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES: Une étude comparative et transversale a été menée auprès de 553 médecins et infirmières à l'aide d'une technique d'échantillonnage aléatoire stratifié. Une enquête préalablement testée, auto-administrée, l'Inventaire d'épuisement professionnel humain pour le personnel médical (MBI-HSS [MP]), a été utilisée pour la collecte et l'analyse des données à l'aide du logiciel IBM Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 23. Les tests du Chi carré et de Fisher ont été appliqués avec un seuil de signification statistique fixé à α<0,05. RÉSULTATS: Les âges moyens des médecins et des infirmières étaient de 37,1 ± 5,3 et 39,0 ± 9,2 respectivement (p = 0,003). La prévalence de l'épuisement professionnel parmi les médecins était de 9,7 % par rapport à 5,5 % parmi les infirmières (p = 0,062). Sur les 553 répondants, 247 (46,7 %) présentaient un épuisement émotionnel élevé (EE), 70 (12,7 %) présentaient une dépersonnalisation élevée (DP) et 342 (61,9 %) présentaient un faible accomplissement personnel (PA). De plus, 132 (47,3 %) médecins avaient un EE élevé, 43 (15,4 %) avaient une DP élevée et 159 (57 %) avaient un PA faible. Tandis que 115 (42 %) infirmières avaient un EE élevé, 27 (9,9 %) avaient une DP élevée et 183 (66,8 %) avaient un PA faible (p = 0,041). Une charge de travail excessive (p = 0,042) et de nombreuses années passées à un poste de travail (p = 0,002) étaient significativement associées à l'épuisement professionnel parmi les médecins, par rapport à la taille de la famille (p = 0,045) et au soutien au travail ou à la communauté (p = 0,005) parmi les infirmières. CONCLUSION: L'étude a révélé une prévalence plus élevée du burnout parmi les médecins que parmi les infirmières. Les facteurs liés au travail ont contribué de manière significative au développement du burnout. Recréer et/ ou modifier les environnements de travail est essentiel pour atténuer les effets néfastes du burnout chez les travailleurs de la santé Mots-clés: épuisement professionnel, épuisement émotionnel, dépersonnalisation, accomplissement personnel, médecins, infirmières, hôpital Universitaire, Uyo, Nigéria.

THE DENTAL PROFESSION EXPERIENCES HIGH PREVALENCE RATES OF BURNOUT AND EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION.

ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: Moro JDS, Soares JP, Massignan C, Oliveira LB, Ribeiro DM, Cardoso M, Canto GL, Bolan M. Burnout syndrome among dentists: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2022 Sep;22(3):101,724. doi: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101724. Epub 2022 Apr 2. PMID: 36162888 SOURCE OF FUNDING: University funds. TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Different Measures and Ways to Categorize Pediatrician Burnout and the Association with Satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE: Compare pediatrician burnout when measured and categorized in different ways to better understand burnout and the association with satisfaction. STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed national survey data from a cohort study of early to midcareer pediatricians. In 2017, participants randomly received 1 of 3 question sets measuring burnout components (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment): group A received the Maslach Burnout Inventory, group B received a previously used measure, and group C received a new severe measure. Repeated measures ANOVA tested differences across burnout categorizations: high emotional exhaustion and high depersonalization and low personal accomplishment; high emotional exhaustion and high depersonalization; and high emotional exhaustion or high depersonalization. Logistic regression tested relationships between burnout profiles (engaged, intermediate, and burnout) and satisfaction. Seventy-one percent of participants completed the survey (1279/1800). RESULTS: Burnout varied depending on measurement (groups A, B, and C) and categorization. For example, for group A, when categorized as high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment, burnout was lower (4.8%) than categorized as high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (15.2%) (P < .001) or categorized as high emotional exhaustion or depersonalization (44.6%) (P < .001). Most participants were satisfied with their career (83.6%). Using burnout profiles, 38.4%-85.1% fell in the engaged profile. For each group, burnout profiles were associated with satisfaction. For example, group A participants in the burnout or intermediate profile were less likely than those engaged to be satisfied with their careers (aOR, 0.08 [95% CI, 0.03-0.24]; and aOR, 0.23 [95% CI, 0.10-0.56], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The way burnout is measured and categorized affects burnout prevalence and its association with satisfaction. Transparency in methodology used is critical to interpreting results.

Impact of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Service on Burnout Development in Eight Intensive Care Units. A National Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at investigating the effects of an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) service on Burnout syndrome (BOS) development in the intensive care unit (ICU). DESIGN: The authors conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study. SETTINGS: Eight ICUs within 5 tertiary hospitals in 1 country. PARTICIPANTS: Intensive care practitioners (nurses, physicians, and respiratory therapists). INTERVENTION: Using an online questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel. In addition, demographic variables, workload, salary satisfaction, and caring for COVID-19 patients were assessed. Participants were divided based on working in an ICU with ECMO (ECMO-ICU) and without (non-ECMO-ICU) ECMO service, and burnout status (burnout and no burnout). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The response rate for completing the questionnaire was 36.4% (445/1,222). Male patients represented 53.7% of the participants. The overall prevalence of burnout was 64.5%. The overall burnout prevalence did not differ between ECMO- and non-ECMO-ICU groups (64.5% and 63.7, respectively). However, personal accomplishment (PA) score was significantly lower among ECMO-ICU personnel compared with those in a non-ECMO-ICU (42.7% v 52.6, p = 0.043). Significant predictors of burnout included profession (nurse or physician), acquiring COVID-19 infection, knowing other practitioners who were infected with COVID-19, salary dissatisfaction, and extremes of workload. CONCLUSION: Burnout was equally prevalent among participants from ECMO- and non-ECMO-ICU, but PA was lower among participants in the ICU with an ECMO service. The reported high prevalence of burnout, and its predictors, requires special attention to try to reduce its occurrence.

Creativity as a mediator between personal accomplishment and task performance: A multigroup analysis based on gender during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not only a health crisis but also a social crisis that affects all people and all parts of society from various perspectives. Effective management of the emotional and psychosocial effects of the pandemic is a critical issue for individuals and societies. In this study, the mediating role of creativity on the relationship between personal accomplishment and task performance was examined during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, a gender-based comparison analysis was performed to extend the analysis results. Survey-based research data were collected from 322 people working in different sectors. Partial least squares-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze research data. The results indicated that personal accomplishment had a significant positive effect on both creativity and task performance. Also, it was found that creativity had a mediating role in the relationship between personal accomplishment and task performance. Lastly, the gender-based multigroup analysis (MGA) revealed a significant difference between male and female participants with respect to the relationship between personal accomplishment and task performance, between creativity and task performance, between personal accomplishment and task performance through creativity.

Job satisfaction, engagement, and burnout in the population of orthopedic surgeon and neurosurgeon trainees in mainland China.

OBJECTIVE: In China, orthopedics and neurosurgery are among the most desired majors for medical students. However, little is known about the working and living status of specialists in these two fields. This study was aimed at evaluating job satisfaction, engagement, and burnout in the population of Chinese orthopedist and neurosurgeon trainees. METHODS: A nationwide online survey was administered in mainland China. Questionnaires were answered anonymously. Job satisfaction, engagement, and burnout were assessed using the Job Descriptive Index, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory, respectively. RESULTS: Data were collected from 643 orthopedist trainees and 690 neurosurgeon trainees. Orthopedists and neurosurgeons showed no statistical difference in terms of age, sex, job titles, and preference for working in tertiary hospitals. Orthopedists had a higher marriage rate (p < 0.01), a lower divorce rate (p = 0.017), relatively shorter working hours (p < 0.01), and a higher annual income (p = 0.023) than neurosurgeons. Approximately 40% of respondents experienced workplace violence in the last 5 years. Less than 10% of respondents were satisfied with their pay, and over 70% would not encourage their offspring to become a doctor. Orthopedists were more satisfied with their careers than neurosurgeons (p < 0.01) and had a higher level of work engagement (p < 0.01). In addition, a higher proportion of orthopedists were burnt out (p < 0.01) than neurosurgeons, though the difference between the two groups was not significant (p = 0.088). Multivariate regressions suggested that younger age (≤ 25 years old), being a senior trainee, getting divorced, working in a regional hospital, long working hours (≥ 71 hrs/wk), a low annual income (<¥100,000), sleeping < 6 hrs/day, and experience with workplace violence were significantly related to burnout for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Chinese orthopedic surgical and neurosurgical trainees are under significant stress. Orthopedic surgeons showed relatively optimistic data in their assessments of job satisfaction, engagement, and burnout. This study may provide valuable information for orthopedic and neurosurgical candidates considering either specialty as a career.

Mediating effects of nursing organizational climate on the relationships between empathy and burnout among clinical nurses.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate how nurses who worked in Guangdong province in China perceived empathy, nursing organization climate and burnout. DESIGN: A cross-sectional quantitative research design was used. We carried out the research in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology checklist. METHODS: The study was carried out from August-October of 2018 using a structured electronic questionnaire. A total of 965 participants were selected with convenience sampling in Guangdong province. RESULTS: A total of 786 valid questionnaires were collected in this study. The average burnout score of participants was 38.19 (SD 13.32) and 67.4% of them rated their burnout as more than 30 points, while 5.7% were higher than 60 points. The multi-variable linear regression model explained 9.4% of the variance in burnout related to sociodemographic variables (p < 0.001). Empathy was significantly and positively associated with nursing organizational climate and emotional exhaustion while negatively associated with reduced personal accomplishment. In addition, nursing organizational climate mediated the relationship between empathy and reduced personal accomplishment. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that both empathy and nursing organizational climate are protective factors that prevent burnout in this population. Managers can alleviate nurses' burnout through developing empathy and improving the organizational climate. IMPACT: This study demonstrates that empathy is not the cause of burnout; rather, it can prevent nurses from experiencing burnout. Nursing organizational climate is another protective factor that has a mediating effect on empathy and burnout. Improving empathy and nursing organizational climate could help reduce nurse burnout.

High burn out among doctors working in a tertiary care hospital; a wakeup call.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of burnout and its associated factors among doctors in a tertiary care setting. METHODS: The descriptive study was conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, from October 1, 2016, to January 31, 2017, and comprised doctors working there regardless of age, gender and professional experience. A self-reported questionnaire with demographic data and Maslach Burnout Inventory was used. Levels of each component of and composite burnout score were calculated and associated with each independent variable. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. RESULTS: Of the 365 doctors, 238(65.2%) were females, 200(54.8%) were single, and the overall mean age was 28.68}4.58 years. Besides, 172(58%) subjects were postgraduate residents, 77 (21%) belonged to Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 198(54.2%) had 1-in-4 rota, and 123(33.7%) had job duration of 1-4 years. High burnout was reported by 49(13.5%) and moderate burnout by 227(62.2%) doctors respectively. Severe burnout frequency was the highest in Anaesthesia department 9(36%) followed by 18(23.4%) doctors in Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Overall, 140(38%) doctors reported high degree of emotional exhaustion, 100(27%) had high degree of depersonalization and 208(57%) had severely reduced personal accomplishment. Of the total, 120(33%) doctors wanted to leave their jobs. CONCLUSIONS: Different levels of burnout were found in doctors. Amongst the three components of burnout, severely reduced personal accomplishment was the highest.

Burnout in Cardiac Anesthesiologists: Results From a National Survey in Italy.

OBJECTIVE: There is increasing burnout incidence among medical disciplines, and physicians working in emergency settings seem at higher risk. Cardiac anesthesiology is a stressful anesthesiology subspecialty dealing with high-risk patients. The authors hypothesized a high risk of burnout in cardiac anesthesiologists. DESIGN: National survey conducted on burnout. SETTING: Italian cardiac centers. PARTICIPANTS: Cardiac anesthesiologists. INTERVENTIONS: The authors administered via email an anonymous questionnaire divided into 3 parts. The first 2 parts evaluated workload and private life. The third part consisted of the Maslach Burnout Inventory test with its 3 constituents: high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The authors measured the prevalence and risk of burnout through the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire and analyzed factors influencing burnout. Among 670 contacts from 71 centers, 382 cardiac anesthesiologists completed the survey (57%). The authors found the following mean Maslach Burnout Inventory values: 14.5 ± 9.7 (emotional exhaustion), 9.1 ± 7.1 (depersonalization), and 33.7 ± 8.9 (personal accomplishment). A rate of 34%, 54%, and 66% of respondents scored in "high" or "moderate-high" risk of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment, respectively). The authors found that, if offered to change subspecialty, 76% of respondents would prefer to remain in cardiac anesthesiology. This preference and parenthood were the only 2 investigated factors with a protective effect against all components of burnout. Significantly lower burnout scores were found in more experienced anesthesiologists. CONCLUSION: A relatively high incidence of burnout was found in cardiac anesthesiologists, especially regarding high depersonalization and low personal accomplishment. Nonetheless, most of the respondents would choose to remain in cardiac anesthesiology.

"What Goes Around Comes Around": Antecedents, Mediators, and Consequences of Controlling vs. Need-Supportive Motivational Strategies Used by Exercise Professionals.

BACKGROUND: Research into the factors associated with the use of different motivational strategies by exercise professionals is of empirical and practical utility. PURPOSE: Grounded in self-determination theory, this study sought to analyze putative antecedents, mediators, and work-related well- and ill-being consequences of two types of motivational strategies reported by exercise professionals. METHODS: Participants were 366 exercise professionals (193 males; experience = 7.7 ± 5.8 years). Questionnaires assessing psychological need satisfaction frustration, self-determined work motivation, motivational strategies (need-supportive vs. controlling), emotional exhaustion, and personal accomplishment were completed online. Path analysis was used to test the hypothesized model. RESULTS: Model with good fit [χ 2 (5) = 9.174, p> .05; CFI = .984; TLI = .936; RMSEA = .048; SRMR = .022] showed need satisfaction as positively associated with supportive strategies and personal accomplishment (ß between .267 and .399) and negatively with emotional exhaustion (ß = -.145). Need frustration was negatively associated with work motivation and personal accomplishment (ß = -.315; -.176), and positively with controlling strategies and emotional exhaustion (ß = .195; .226). Furthermore, supportive strategies and work motivation were positively associated with personal accomplishment (ß = .134; .184), whereas controlling strategies were positively associated with emotional exhaustion (ß = .178). CONCLUSIONS: Findings have theoretical implications, providing evidence of need satisfaction and frustration as being differently associated with work-related motivation, type of strategies used, and work-related emotional outcomes. Practical implications convey the importance of these variables in relation to the standard of motivational strategies provided and their role on work-related well- and ill-being indicators.

A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and burnout symptoms.

BACKGROUND: Practitioners and decision makers in the medical and insurance systems need knowledge on the relationship between work exposures and burnout. Many burnout studies - original as well as reviews - restricted their analyses to emotional exhaustion or did not report results on cynicism, personal accomplishment or global burnout. To meet this need we carried out this review and meta-analyses with the aim to provide systematically graded evidence for associations between working conditions and near-future development of burnout symptoms. METHODS: A wide range of work exposure factors was screened. Inclusion criteria were: 1) Study performed in Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand 1990-2013. 2) Prospective or comparable case control design. 3) Assessments of exposure (work) and outcome at baseline and at least once again during follow up 1-5 years later. Twenty-five articles met the predefined relevance and quality criteria. The GRADE-system with its 4-grade evidence scale was used. RESULTS: Most of the 25 studies focused emotional exhaustion, fewer cynicism and still fewer personal accomplishment. Moderately strong evidence (grade 3) was concluded for the association between job control and reduced emotional exhaustion and between low workplace support and increased emotional exhaustion. Limited evidence (grade 2) was found for the associations between workplace justice, demands, high work load, low reward, low supervisor support, low co-worker support, job insecurity and change in emotional exhaustion. Cynicism was associated with most of these work factors. Reduced personal accomplishment was only associated with low reward. There were few prospective studies with sufficient quality on adverse chemical, biological and physical factors and burnout. CONCLUSION: While high levels of job support and workplace justice were protective for emotional exhaustion, high demands, low job control, high work load, low reward and job insecurity increased the risk for developing exhaustion. Our approach with a wide range of work exposure factors analysed in relation to the separate dimensions of burnout expanded the knowledge of associations, evidence as well as research needs. The potential of organizational interventions is illustrated by the findings that burnout symptoms are strongly influenced by structural factors such as job demands, support and the possibility to exert control.

Prevalence of and factors associated with burnout among health care professionals in Arab countries: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Burnout among healthcare professionals is one of the key challenges affecting health care practice and quality of care. This systematic review aims to (1) estimate the prevalence of burnout among health care professionals (HCP) in Arab countries; and (2) explore individual and work-related factors associated with burnout in this population. METHODS: Multiple electronic databases were searched for studies published in English or Arabic from January 1980 to November 2014 assessing burnout (using the Maslach Burnout Inventory; MBI) amongst health care professionals (HCP) in Arab countries. RESULTS: Nineteen studies (N = 4108; 49.3% females) conducted on HCP in Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Saudi Arabia and Yemen were included in this review. There was a wide range of prevalence estimates for the three MBI subscales, high Emotional Exhaustion (20.0-81.0%), high Depersonalization (9.2-80.0%), and low Personal Accomplishment (13.3-85.8%). Gender, nationality, service duration, working hours, and shift patterns were all significantly associated with burnout. CONCLUSIONS: Within the constraints of the study and the range of quality papers available, our review revealed moderate-to-high estimates of self-reported burnout among HCP in Arab countries that are similar to prevalence estimates in non-Arabic speaking westernized developed countries. In order to develop culturally appropriate interventions, further research using longitudinal designs is needed to confirm the risk factors for burnout in specific HCP settings and specialties in Arab countries.

Systematic review: factors contributing to burnout in dentistry.

BACKGROUND: Dentists and dental students have been reported to be at high risk of burnout and risk factors have been identified. Despite research into burnout in dentists, only a few papers have identified significantly associated factors. AIMS: To identify the most significant factors associated with burnout in dentists and dental students in published literature. METHODS: We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and HMIC electronic databases to source literature on the factors associated with burnout in dentists. We critically appraised and themed papers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme to find the most significant factors. RESULTS: From 115 studies identified by the search string, we deemed 33 papers to be relevant for review. The most prevalent and significant factors associated with burnout were: younger age, male gender, student status, high job-strain/working hours, those enrolled in clinical degree programmes and certain personality types. However, only a limited amount of literature explored the directional relationship between these factors and burnout. CONCLUSIONS: This review identified several significant factors contributing to burnout in dentists and dental students. Further longitudinal and prospective studies are required to assess causation. Burnout should be considered a multifactorial phenomenon that can develop early in a dental career. Screening programmes and coping strategies might help to identify and prevent it.

What are the significant factors associated with burnout in doctors?

BACKGROUND: Burnout syndrome is well established as a condition that affects a significant proportion of practising doctors. Although much literature exists on the prevalence of burnout, only specific variables associated with this condition have been analysed. AIMS: To identify and categorize key factors that are associated with burnout across various medical specialities and geographical locations. METHODS: Three electronic databases were searched for literature on the factors associated with burnout published in the past 5 years. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied in three stages. We analysed and critically appraised each paper individually, identifying the common themes. RESULTS: Forty-seven papers were included from the 395 identified by our primary search. Younger age, female sex, negative marital status, long working hours and low reported job satisfaction were found to be predictive of burnout syndrome across the literature. Participation in 'wellness programmes' was related to lower burnout incidence. Causation could not be established however, due to the limited number of longitudinal studies. CONCLUSIONS: More prospective studies are required to assess causation. Despite this, our thematic analysis revealed consistent findings across many papers. This information can be used to inform prevention and interventions to tackle burnout. The associated factors should not be addressed individually, as they are inter-related.

A Meta-analysis of Burnout in Radiology Trainees and Radiologists: Insights From the Maslach Burnout Inventory.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Burnout, stemming from chronic work stress, is a significant issue in the medical field, especially among radiologists. It leads to compromised patient care and reduced job satisfaction. Addressing burnout in radiology is essential for the well-being of radiologists and, in turn, for improving patient care. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and dimensions of burnout among radiology trainees (RTs) and practicing radiologists (PRs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with established guidelines. The search encompassed PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to June 20, 2023. Eligible studies that assessed the rate of burnout syndrome and/or its subscales, including depersonalization (DP), emotional exhaustion (EE), and personal accomplishment (PA), among RTs and/or PRs using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), were included. Relevant data were extracted and analyzed using R and STATA. RESULTS: Among the 22 included studies, the pooled rates of positive MBI subscales for RTs and PRs were as follows: 54.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43.8%-65.1%, I2 = 95.2%) for DP, 57.2% (95% CI: 48.7%-65.4%, I2 = 92.9%) for EE, and 38.6% (95% CI: 27%-51.7%, I2 = 95.5%) for low PA. The pooled rate indicating the presence of at least one positive MBI subscale was 82.9% (95% CI: 79.2%-86.1%, I2 = 57.4%). For two or more positive MBI subscales, the pooled rate was 55.5% (95% CI: 49.7%-61.3%, I2 = 60.2%), and for three positive MBI subscales, it was 16.7% (95% CI: 11.7%-23.3%, I2 = 82.7%). CONCLUSION: This study emphasizes a notable prevalence of burnout in the radiology specialty, with 8 of 10 individuals exhibiting positive results in at least one MBI subscale. This highlights the urgent need for interventions and support systems to protect the well-being of both trainees and practitioners and uphold the quality of patient care.

Prevalence and factors associated with job burnout among nurses in China: A cross-sectional study.

AIM: Many people see nursing as a high-pressure, high-risk profession. Therefore, job burnout among nursing staff has become an important topic of study and has received widespread attention worldwide. This research intended to evaluate the frequency of and variables related with work burnout among nurses in public hospitals in China. DESIGN: Using a multistage random sample procedure, a cross-sectional survey was carried out in the eastern, central and western areas of China. METHODS: The Maslach Inventory-Human Service Survey and demographic information made up the two sections of the questionnaire. Of the 5250 questionnaires sent, 4865 were deemed legitimate, yielding an effective response rate of 92.67%. A linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the variables linked to nursing work burnout. RESULTS: Among the 4865 nurses, women accounted for 97.4% of the survey respondents, most of whom were aged 26-35 years. Results showed that the total scores of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (PA) were 20.02 ± 12.04, 4.78 ± 5.54 and 34.42 ± 10.32 respectively. 50.7% of subjects obtained high or moderated scores on EE, 32.8% of subjects obtained high or moderated scores on DP and 80.4% of subjects obtained low or moderated scores on PA. Age, department, position, post-establishment, work shift type in recent months, overtime times in recent months and night shift frequency in recent months were negatively correlated with EE, and child status, monthly income, working days per week and sleep quality in recent 1 month were positively correlated with it (F = 141.827, P < 0.01, R2 = 0.243). Age, gender, department, post-establishment, overtime hours in recent months and night shift frequency in recent months were negatively correlated with DP, and child status and sleep quality in the last 1 month were positively correlated with it (F = 78.794, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.115). Child status, years of nursing work and sleep quality in the last 1 month were negatively correlated with PA, whereas age, position, work shift type in recent months and night shift frequency in recent months were positively correlated with it (F = 67.981, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.089).

Burnout Among Saudi Radiographers.

Introduction: Burnout research is limited in Saudi Arabia, particularly among radiographers. Burnout among Saudi radiographers may have a negative impact on the services offered. Objective: This study aims to assess the burnout among radiographers in Medina hospitals. Materials and Methods: This quantitative cross-sectional study included 104 radiographers from government and private Medina hospitals. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel, which consists of 22 questions, was used to measure the burnout level. The data were evaluated descriptively using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 25), and independent t-tests and analysis of variance were applied to assess group differences and linear regression analysis to evaluate associations between the burnout level and sociodemographic variables (ie sex, age, experience, and department). Results: The emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (DP) scores were moderate, while the personal accomplishment (PA) score was high, with total scores of 23.53 (9.32), 7.29 (5.95), and 29.70 (1.35), respectively. The DP score was influenced by the participants' experience. Specifically, an experience of 1-5 years yielded a substantially higher burnout score than did an experience of >10 years (p>0.05). Conversely, sex, age, and department did not affect the DP score (p<0.05). Similarly, the EE and PA scores were not influenced by sex, age, experience, or department (p<0.05). Conclusion: Burnout is prevalent among radiographers in Medina hospitals in Saudi Arabia. The EE and DP scores are moderate, while the PA score is high, indicating a suitable work environment. Policymakers should take the required steps to identify the variables contributing to employee burnout and enhance the work environment.