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Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral nerve pain (OIPNP) is a common chemotherapy-related complication, but the mechanism is complex. Mitochondria are vital for cellular homeostasis and regulating oxidative stress. Parkin-mediated mitophagy is a cellular process that removes damaged mitochondria, exhibiting a protective effect in various diseases; however, its role in OIPNP remains unclear. In this study, we found that Parkin-mediated mitophagy was decreased, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was upregulated in OIPNP rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in vivo and in PC12 cells stimulated with oxaliplatin (OXA) in vitro. Overexpression of Parkin indicated that OXA might cause mitochondrial and cell damage by inhibiting mitophagy. We also showed that salidroside (SAL) upregulated Parkin-mediated mitophagy to eliminate damaged mitochondria and promote PC12 cell survival. Knockdown of Parkin indicated that mitophagy is crucial for apoptosis and mitochondrial homeostasis in PC12 cells. In vivo study also demonstrated that SAL enhances Parkin-mediated mitophagy in the DRG and alleviates peripheral nerve injury and pain. These results suggest that Parkin-mediated mitophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of OIPNP and may be a potential therapeutic target for OIPNP.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This article discusses the effects and mechanisms of Parkin-mediated mitophagy in oxaliplatin-induced peripheral nerve pain (OIPNP) from both in vivo and in vitro. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because OIPNP has always been the focus of clinical medicine, and mitochondrial quality regulation mechanisms especially Parkin-mediated mitophagy, have been deeply studied in recent years. We use a variety of molecular biological techniques and animal experiments to support our argument.
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Mitofagia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico , Ratos , Animais , Mitofagia/fisiologia , Oxaliplatina/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/induzido quimicamente , Dor , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligases/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Both the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation are predictors of cardiovascular diseases; however, little is known about the coexposures and relative contributions of TyG index and inflammation to cardiovascular diseases. Using the nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we conducted longitudinal analyses to evaluate the joint and mutual associations of the TyG index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with cardiovascular events in middle-aged and older Chinese population. METHODS: This study comprised 8 658 participants aged at least 45 years from the CHARLS 2011 who are free of cardiovascular diseases at baseline. The TyG index was calculated as Ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Cardiovascular events were defined as the presence of physician-diagnosed heart disease and/or stroke followed until 2018.We performed adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression and mediation analyses. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 58.6 ± 9.0 years, and 3988 (46.1%) were females. During a maximum follow-up of 7.0 years, 2606 (30.1%) people developed cardiovascular diseases, including 2012 (23.2%) cases of heart diseases and 848 (9.8%) cases of stroke. Compared with people with a lower TyG index (< 8.6 [median level]) and hsCRP < 1 mg/L, those concurrently with a higher TyG and hsCRP had the highest risk of overall cardiovascular disease (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.300; 95% CI 1.155-1.462), coronary heart disease (aHR, 1.294; 95% CI 1.130-1.481) and stroke (aHR, 1.333; 95% CI 1.093-1.628), which were predominant among those aged 70 years or below. High hsCRP significantly mediated 13.4% of the association between the TyG index and cardiovascular disease, while TyG simultaneously mediated 7.9% of the association between hsCRP and cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight the coexposure effects and mutual mediation between the TyG index and hsCRP on cardiovascular diseases. Joint assessments of the TyG index and hsCRP should be underlined for the residual risk stratification and primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, especially for middle-aged adults.
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Biomarcadores , Glicemia , Proteína C-Reativa , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Triglicerídeos , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Medição de Risco , Glicemia/metabolismo , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Estudos Longitudinais , Fatores de Tempo , Prognóstico , Resistência à Insulina , Mediadores da Inflamação/sangue , Incidência , Inflamação/sangue , Inflamação/diagnóstico , Inflamação/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Risco de Doenças CardíacasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, has been validated as a predictor of cardiovascular disease. However, effects of TyG-related indices combined with obesity markers on cardiovascular diseases remained unknown. We aimed to investigate the associations between TyG index and modified TyG indices with new-onset cardiovascular disease and the time-dependent predictive capacity using a national representative cohort. METHODS: This study is a retrospective observational cohort study using data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) of 7 115 participants. The TyG index was calculated as Ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. The modified TyG indices were developed combining TyG with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). We used adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression to analyze the association and predictive capacity based on hazard ratio (HR) and Harrell's C-index. RESULTS: Over a 7-year follow-up period, 2136 participants developed cardiovascular disease, including 1633 cases of coronary heart disease and 719 cases of stroke. Compared with the lowest tertile group, the adjusted HR (95% CI) for new-onset cardiovascular disease in the highest tertile for TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR were 1.215 (1.088-1.356), 1.073 (0.967-1.191), 1.078 (0.970-1.198), and 1.112 (1.002-1.235), respectively. The C-indices of TyG index for cardiovascular disease onset were higher than other modified TyG indices. Similar results were observed for coronary heart disease and stroke. CONCLUSION: TyG and TyG-WhtR were significantly associated with new-onset cardiovascular diseases, and TyG outperformed the modified TyG indices to identify individuals at risk of incident cardiovascular event.
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Biomarcadores , Glicemia , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Triglicerídeos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Etários , Biomarcadores/sangue , Glicemia/metabolismo , Glicemia/análise , Índice de Massa Corporal , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , População do Leste Asiático , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Incidência , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Circunferência da CinturaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a predictor of cardiovascular diseases; however, to what extent the TyG index is associated with cardiovascular diseases through renal function is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the complex association of the TyG index and renal function with cardiovascular diseases using a cohort design. METHODS: This study included participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) free of cardiovascular diseases at baseline. We performed adjusted regression analyses and mediation analyses using Cox models. The TyG index was calculated as Ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Renal function was defined by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). RESULTS: A total of 6 496 participants were included in this study. The mean age of the participants was 59.6 ± 9.5 years, and 2996 (46.1%) were females. During a maximum follow-up of 7.0 years, 1 996 (30.7%) people developed cardiovascular diseases, including 1 541 (23.7%) cases of heart diseases and 651 (10.0%) cases of stroke. Both the TyG index and eGFR level were significantly associated with cardiovascular diseases. Compared with people with a lower TyG index (median level) and eGFR ≥ 60 ml/minute/1.73 m2, those with a higher TyG index and decreased eGFR had the highest risk of cardiovascular diseases (HR, 1.870; 95% CI 1.131-3.069). Decreased eGFR significantly mediated 29.6% of the associations between the TyG index and cardiovascular diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of a higher TyG index and lower eGFR level was associated with the highest risk of cardiovascular diseases. Renal function could mediate the association between the TyG index and cardiovascular risk.
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Doenças Cardiovasculares , Glucose , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Masculino , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Longitudinais , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Triglicerídeos , Medição de Risco , Glicemia/análise , Biomarcadores , Rim/fisiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Psychological symptoms are prevalent among individuals with non-communicable diseases, while the longitudinal association between triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, an indicator of metabolic health, and depression progression remains unclear yet. This study aims to investigate the association of baseline TyG index and depression progression in middle-aged and elder adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 8287 participants aged 45 years or above from national China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in visit 1 (2011-2012), which were biennially followed for depression score until visit 4 (2017-2018). Multivariate-adjusted regression models were used to evaluate the association of baseline TyG index with the individual level change rate and slope of depression score. The mean age (±SD) of participants was 58.25 ± 9.10 years, and 3806 (45.9%) were men. There was no significant difference of depression score at baseline across TyG quartile groups (P = 0.228). Participants in the highest quartile of TyG index had a 0.124 (95% CI: 0.018-0.230) higher change rate of depression score, and a 0.127 (95% CI: 0.019-0.235) higher change slope, compared to those in the lowest. The observed associations were consistent in multiple sensitivity analyses, and stable in men, the elder, and overweight people. CONCLUSION: TyG index is positively associated with depression progression especially in men, the elder and overweight people, which provides new insights for the primary prevention of depression disorder.
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Glicemia , Glucose , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Triglicerídeos , Glicemia/metabolismo , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Longitudinais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Depressão/diagnóstico , Depressão/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso , BiomarcadoresRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Visceral adiposity index (VAI), an indicator of visceral fat, is associated with metabolic health and arterial stiffness. However, studies correlating VAI and stroke are limited. This study aimed to explore the association between VAI and incident stroke in the Chinese population. METHODS AND RESULTS: We retrospectively analysed the data of 9127 individuals enrolled in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The first survey of the study was conducted during 2011-2012 and the individuals were followed up until Survey 4 (2017-2018). Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association between VAI and stroke. The mean age of the study population was 59.3 ± 9.5 years and 4938 (54.1%) participants were women. During the median follow-up of 5.2 [1.0-7.0] years, 833 (9.1%) participants developed stroke, and the cumulative incidence of stroke increased with increasing quartiles of VAI (8.6%, 8.7%, 9.2%, and 10.0%). Compared to those in the first quartile of VAI, individuals in the fourth quartile had an increased risk of stroke (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.15-1.75). The results were stable in several sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a positive association between VAI and incident stroke in the Chinese population.
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Adiposidade , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , China/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Gordura Intra-Abdominal , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade Abdominal/diagnóstico , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Aposentadoria , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the association between BMI change and stroke in middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes and identify sex differences. METHODS AND RESULTS: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study is an ongoing national population-based cohort study. Participants aged 45 or above with type 2 diabetes were enrolled and followed for stroke incidence. BMI change was defined as BMI at 2013-BMI at 2011. Of 1774 participants (mean [SD] age in 2011, 60.23 [8.88] years), 795 (44.8 %) were men. A total of 112 incident stroke cases were confirmed up to 2018. The incidence rate of stroke was similar between men and women (6.79 % vs 5.92 %, P = 0.516). BMI increase was independently associated with an increased stroke risk (adjusted odds ratio, 1.15; 95 % CI, 1.05-1.31) in men, while this positive association was not significant in women (adjusted odds ratio, 1.12; 95 % CI, 0.98-1.29). In addition, the positive dose-response relationship between BMI increase and stroke was observed only in men. CONCLUSION: Among middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes, there is a sex-specific association of BMI change with stroke. An increase in BMI could result in a higher risk of incident stroke in men.
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Índice de Massa Corporal , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Aumento de Peso , Fatores Etários , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Prognóstico , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The extraction procedure and antioxidant activity were investigated for total proanthocyanidins extracts from Abutilon theophrasti Medic. leaves collected in August, September and October. The maximum extraction yield was achieved with 90% ethanol, 80°C of heating reflux temperature, 149.94 min of extraction time and 60(ml/g) of the ratio of solvent and material, which were optimized by Box-Behnken Design of response surface method. Spectrophotometric study displayed that total proanthocyanidins content was (0.44±0.02)% (0.52±0.01)% and (0.59±0.01)% for August, September and October samples, respectively. The proanthocyanidins extracts exhibited much stronger antioxidant activity to scavenge ABTS and DPPH free radicals, and reduce ferric power than the control synthetic antioxidant BHT. The present findings suggest that the proanthocyanidins extract from Abutilon theophrasti Medic. leaves was a very interesting candidate for the research and development of natural and healthy antioxidant for the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Malvaceae/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Proantocianidinas/química , Proantocianidinas/farmacologia , Etanol/química , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Radicais Livres/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Solventes/químicaRESUMO
Context: ALI is a common disease characterized by acute pulmonary inflammatory disorder. Abutilon theophrasti Medik. (Malvaceae), as a Chinese traditional medicine, is used for the treatment of inflammation. Its main constituents are flavonoid compounds. Objective: This study investigates the regulatory effect of a TFE from Abutilon theophrasti leaves on gene expression in LPS-induced ALI mice via the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Materials and methods: Kunming mice were intragastrically administered TFE (0.25, 0.5, 1.0 g/kg) for 5 days, and then ALI was induced via intranasal administration 40 µg of LPS in 10 µL PBS after intragastric administration on the 5th day, and PBS and DEX (2 mg/kg) were negative and positive control groups, respectively. Results: The relative expression of iNOS gene was 0.707, 0.507 and 0.483 for 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg TFE, and COX-2 gene expression was also reduced after treatment by three concentrations of TFE with 0.768, 0.545, and 0.478. The mRNA expression levels of p65 were 0.61, 0.43 and 0.27 for 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg TFE and IκB levels were increased in a dose-dependent manner with 3.99, 13.69 and 34.36. 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg TFE inhibited the expression of ERK1/2 with 0.59 and 0.38, p38MAPK with 0.62 and 0.54, and JNK with 0.37 and 0.29, and JNK mRNA expression was 0.60 for 0.25 g/kg TFE. Discussion and conclusion: These results indicate that the regulatory mechanisms of TFE on gene expression in LPS-induced ALI mice include inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Animais , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/metabolismo , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Quinase I-kappa B/metabolismo , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Lipopolissacarídeos , Masculino , Malvaceae , Camundongos , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta , Fator de Transcrição RelA/metabolismoRESUMO
Many parents enroll their children in extracurricular music activities. However, cultural differences may contribute to parents' different values that ultimately influence their behaviors and attitudes. This cross-cultural study aimed to compare the value parents have on their children's private music education by examining four cases in Guilin, Guangxi (China) and Tampa, Florida (United States). Two main research questions guided this study: (1) How do parents in Guilin and Tampa perceive and value their children's music learning? (2) Does the value parents hold for their children's extracurricular music activities differ across different cultural contexts? If so, how do parents' values and perceptions of their children's involvement in extracurricular music activities differ between the contexts of Guilin and Tampa? We purposefully selected participants from two regions based on these criteria: (a) the participants included a single-child family and a two-child family in each of the two regions; (b) children's age ranged from 5 to 12 years and lived with their biological parents (c) children were currently taking music lessons after school. We interviewed both children and parents during the data collection. The key findings reveal that parental values transcend two cultural contexts, specifically in (1) motivations for music learning, (2) expectations of music learning, (3) utilizing personal background, and (4) strategies for success. The findings suggest that several factors, such as children's autonomy, musical joy, pursuit of musical career, "beauty development" and achievements, may have contributed to parents' values. The implication for parents, psychologists, and policymakers is to understand the diverse needs and values within different cultural backgrounds, to promote the children's development, to design curricula, and to use effective teaching methods in music education. In conclusion, both Guilin's and Tampa's parents' values varied due to cultural differences, which further influenced their behaviors, attitudes and perceptions toward their children's musical experiences.
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This quantitative study aimed to explore the relationships among music performance anxiety (MPA), teacher anxiety (TA), and self-efficacy (SE) through a survey study of Chinese preservice music teachers (N = 237). We also examined gender, grade, primary instrument, secondary instrument, music learning time length, and time spent in four activities: peer teaching, practicum, internship, and private teaching as potential predictors of MPA, TA, and SE. Results indicated that the higher the self-efficacy, the lower music performance anxiety and teaching anxiety; Simultaneously, the increased music performance anxiety was associated with an increased teaching anxiety. Partial correlation results indicated a significant but negative correlation between TA and SE with MPA controlled. Teaching anxiety, followed by primary piano, was the strongest predictor of MPA. MPA, followed by SE and peer teaching, was the strongest predictor of TA. TA, followed by grade level, was the strongest predictor of SE. The results from the multivariate analysis of variance revealed that the SE of male preservice music teachers were significantly higher than their female counterparts. As a study implication, music teacher educators may consider interventions and support mechanisms that address both types of anxiety simultaneously to improve overall teacher preparedness.
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The integrated smart electronics for real-time monitoring and personalized therapy of disease-related analytes have been gradually gaining tremendous attention. However, human tissue barriers, including the skin barrier and brain-blood barrier, pose significant challenges for effective biomarker detection and drug delivery. Microneedle (MN) electronics present a promising solution to overcome these tissue barriers due to their semi-invasive structures, enabling effective drug delivery and target-analyte detection without compromising the tissue configuration. Furthermore, MNs can be fabricated through solution processing, facilitating large-scale manufacturing. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent three-year advancements in smart MNs development, categorized as follows. First, the solution-processed technology for MNs is introduced, with a focus on various printing technologies. Subsequently, smart MNs designed for sensing, drug delivery, and integrated systems combining diagnosis and treatment are separately summarized. Finally, the prospective and promising applications of next-generation MNs within mediated diagnosis and treatment systems are discussed.
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Técnicas Biossensoriais , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Desenho de Equipamento , Agulhas , Dispositivos Eletrônicos Vestíveis , Humanos , Técnicas Biossensoriais/instrumentação , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/instrumentação , Eletrônica/instrumentaçãoRESUMO
Purpose: The debate over the causal and longitudinal association between cystatin C and stroke in older adults persists. Our aim was to assess the link between cystatin C levels, both measured and genetically predicted, and stroke risk. Methods: This study employed a retrospective cohort design using samples of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which is a nationally representative cohort recruiting individuals aged 45 years or above. A multivariate logistic model and the two-sample Mendelian randomization framework were used to investigate the longitudinal and genetically predicted effect of serum cystatin C on stroke. Results: The study population had a mean age of 59.6 (SD ±9.5), with 2,996 (46.1%) women. After adjusting for confounding factors, compared to those in the first quartile of cystatin C, those in the last quartile had the greatest risk of stroke incidence [odds ratio (OR), 1.380; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.046-1.825]. The Mendelian randomization analysis showed that a genetically predicted cystatin C level was positively associated with total stroke (OR by inverse variance-weighted method, 1.114; 95% CI, 1.041-1.192). Conclusions: This national cohort study suggests that higher serum cystatin C is associated with an increased risk of total stroke, which is further supported by Mendelian randomization.
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Cistatina C , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Cistatina C/sangue , Cistatina C/genética , Feminino , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/sangue , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Longitudinais , Estudos de Coortes , Biomarcadores/sangueRESUMO
Purpose: Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (S-LDL-C) has been suggested as a particularly atherogenic factor for ischemic stroke (IS) in observational studies, but the causality regarding the etiological subtype remains unclear. This study aims to explore the causal effects of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (S-LDL-C), medium (M-LDL-C) and large (L-LDL-C) subfractions on the lifetime risk of ischemic stroke (IS) and main subtypes using two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) design. Methods: We identified genetic instruments for S-LDL-C, M-LDL-C and L-LDL-C from a genome-wide association study of 115 082 UK Biobank participants. Summary-level data for genetic association of any ischemic stroke (AIS), large artery stroke (LAS), small vessel stroke (SVS) and cardioembolic stroke (CES) were obtained from MEGASTROKE consortium. Accounting for the pleiotropic effects of triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), we conducted multivariable TSMR analysis. Results: In univariable TSMR, we found a causal association between genetically predicted S-LDL-C and LAS (IVW-FE: odds ratio (OR) = 1.481, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.117-1.963, P = 0.006, q = 0.076) but not AIS, SVS or CES. No causal effects were observed for M-LDL-C or L-LDL-C in terms of AIS and IS subtype. In multivariable analysis, the causal association between S-LDL-C and LAS remained significant (IVE-MRE: OR = 1.329, 95% CI: 1.106-1.597, P = 0.002). Conclusions: Findings supported a causal association between S-LDL-C and LAS. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanism and clinical benefit of targeting S-LDL-C.
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LDL-Colesterol , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , AVC Isquêmico , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana , Humanos , AVC Isquêmico/genética , AVC Isquêmico/epidemiologia , AVC Isquêmico/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Feminino , Fatores de Risco , MasculinoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed the separate effect of arterial stiffness and obesity on type 2 diabetes; however, the joint effect of arterial stiffness and obesity on diabetes onset remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to propose the concept of arterial stiffness obesity phenotype and explore the risk stratification capacity for diabetes. METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study used baseline data of 12,298 participants from Beijing Xiaotangshan Examination Center between 2008 and 2013 and then annually followed them until incident diabetes or 2019. BMI (waist circumference) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity were measured to define arterial stiffness abdominal obesity phenotype. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI. RESULTS: Of the 12,298 participants, the mean baseline age was 51.2 (SD 13.6) years, and 8448 (68.7%) were male. After a median follow-up of 5.0 (IQR 2.0-8.0) years, 1240 (10.1%) participants developed diabetes. Compared with the ideal vascular function and nonobese group, the highest risk of diabetes was observed in the elevated arterial stiffness and obese group (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.60-2.35). Those with exclusive arterial stiffness or obesity exhibited a similar risk of diabetes, and the adjusted HRs were 1.63 (95% CI 1.37-1.94) and 1.64 (95% CI 1.32-2.04), respectively. Consistent results were observed in multiple sensitivity analyses, among subgroups of age and fasting glucose level, and alternatively using arterial stiffness abdominal obesity phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: This study proposed the concept of arterial stiffness abdominal obesity phenotype, which could improve the risk stratification and management of diabetes. The clinical significance of arterial stiffness abdominal obesity phenotype needs further validation for other cardiometabolic disorders.
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Rigidez Vascular , Masculino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Estudos Longitudinais , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Obesidade Abdominal/complicações , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Índice Tornozelo-Braço , Análise de Onda de Pulso , Estudos de Coortes , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Using three musical pieces as musical stimuli from Romania, Brazil, and Saudi Arabia, this study extended Fung's study by examining Chinese pre-service music teachers' (n = 115) and schoolteachers' (n = 131) personal preferences and external preferences for orchestral, folk, and popular music pieces. Two groups of participants were asked to select their preferred music from three pieces and to provide verbal descriptions of the reasons for their selections. The results showed (a) no significant differences in personal preference between the two groups but statistical significances in external preferences between the two groups; (b) the highest preference rating by both groups of teachers was folk music and the highest forced-choice preference was popular music; (c) statistically significant correlations between personal preference and external preference were evident in both groups across all three pieces; and (d) frequent descriptions by both groups of participants of the pieces in terms of musical characteristics were shared. The implications of this study are as follows. (1) Psychologists and music researchers gain insights about Chinese young adults' listening preferences, which might offer implications for future research in the field of psychology; and (2) By enhancing multicultural awareness, music education teachers and researchers should combine different music styles to broaden students' music horizons.
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Precise segmentation of carotid artery (CA) structure is an important prerequisite for the medical assessment and detection of carotid plaques. For automatic segmentation of the media-adventitia boundary (MAB) and lumen-intima boundary (LIB) in 3-D ultrasound images of the CA, a U-shaped CSWin transformer (U-CSWT) is proposed. Both the encoder and decoder of the U-CSWT are composed of hierarchical CSWT modules, which can capture rich global context information in the 3-D image. Experiments were performed on a 3-D ultrasound image data set of the CA, and the results indicate that the U-CSWT performs better than other convolutional neural network (CNN)-based and CNN-transformer hybrid methods. The model yields Dice coefficients of 94.6 ± 3.0% and 90.8 ± 5.1% for the MAB and LIB in the common carotid artery (CCA) and 92.9 ± 4.9% and 89.6 ± 6.2% for MAB and LIB in the bifurcation, respectively. Our U-CSWT is expected to become an effective method for automatic segmentation of 3-D ultrasound images of CA.
Assuntos
Artérias Carótidas , Artéria Carótida Primitiva , Artérias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Carótida Primitiva/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Ultrassonografia das Artérias Carótidas , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodosRESUMO
Purpose: Thyroid hormones sensitivity is a newly proposed clinical entity closely related with metabolic health. Prior studies have reported the cross-sectional relationship between thyroid hormones sensitivity and diabetes; however, the longitudinal association is unclear to date. We aimed to explore the relationship between impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity at baseline and diabetes onset using a cohort design. Methods: This study enrolled 7283 euthyroid participants at the first visit between 2008 and 2009, and then annually followed until diabetes onset or 2019. Thyrotropin (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) were measured to calculate thyroid hormone sensitivity by thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), Chinese-referenced parametric thyroid feedback quantile-based index (PTFQI), thyrotropin index (TSHI), thyrotroph thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI) and FT3/FT4 ratio. Cox proportional hazard model and cross-lagged panel analysis were used. Results: The mean baseline age was 44.2 ± 11.9 years, including 4170 (57.3%) male. During a median follow-up of 5.2 years, 359 cases developed diabetes. There was no significant association between thyroid hormones sensitivity indices and diabetes onset, and adjusted hazard ratios per unit (95% CIs) were 0.89 (0.65-1.23) for TFQI, 0.91 (0.57-1.45) for PTFQI, 0.95 (0.70-1.29) for TSHI, 0.98 (0.70-1.01) for TT4RI and 2.12 (0.17-5.78) for FT3/FT4 ratio. Cross-lagged analysis supported the temporal association from fasting glucose to impaired thyroid hormones sensitivity indices. Conclusions: Our findings could not demonstrate that thyroid hormones sensitivity status is a predictor of diabetes onset in the euthyroid population. Elevated fasting glucose (above 7.0 mmol/L) appeared to precede impaired sensitivity indices of thyroid hormones.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus , Glândula Tireoide , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Tiroxina/metabolismo , Hormônios Tireóideos/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/metabolismo , Tireotropina/metabolismo , Glucose/metabolismoRESUMO
Background: Arterial stiffness is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although several metabolic markers associated with arterial stiffness have been developed, there is limited data regarding whether glycemic control modifies the association between diabetes and arterial stiffness. For these reasons, identification of traits around diabetes will directly contribute to arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis management in the context of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM). Thus, this study aimed to explore the relationship of diabetes and glycemic control status with arterial stiffness in a real-world setting. Methods: Data of participants from Beijing Xiaotangshan Examination Center (BXEC) with at least two surveys between 2008 and 2019 were used. Cumulative hazards were presented by inverse probability of treatment weighted (IPTW) Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Arterial stiffness was defined as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) ≥1400 cm/s. Results: Of 5837 participants, the mean baseline age was 46.5±9.3 years, including 3791 (64.9%) males. During a median follow-up of 4.0 years, 1928 (33.0%) cases of incident arterial stiffness were observed. People with diabetes at baseline had a 48.4% (HR: 1.484, 95% CI: 1.250-1.761) excessive risk of arterial stiffness. Adherence to good glycemic control attenuated the relationship between diabetes and arterial stiffness (HR: 1.264, 95% CI: 0.950-1.681); while uncontrolled diabetes was associated with the highest risk of arterial stiffness (HR: 1.629, 95% CI: 1.323-2.005). Results were consistent using IPTW algorithm and multiple imputed data. Conclusion: Our study quantified that diabetes status is closely associated with an increased risk of arterial stiffness and supported that adherence to good glycemic control could attenuate the adverse effect of diabetes on arterial stiffness. Therefore, glucose monitoring and control is a cost-effective strategy for the predictive diagnostics, targeted prevention, patient stratification, and personalization of medical services in early vascular damages and arterial stiffness. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-023-00347-z.
RESUMO
Background and aims: Dyslipidemia is known to contribute to arterial stiffness, while the inverse association remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the association of baseline arterial stiffness and its changes, as determined by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), with dyslipidemia onset in the general population. Methods: This study enrolled participants from Beijing Health Management Cohort using measurements of the first visit from 2012 to 2013 as baseline, and followed until the dyslipidemia onset or the end of 2019. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox proportional regression models were used to evaluate the associations of baseline baPWV and baPWV transition (persistent low, onset, remitted and persistent high) with incident dyslipidemia. Results: Of 4362 individuals (mean age: 55.5 years), 1490 (34.2%) developed dyslipidemia during a median follow-up of 5.9 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with elevated arterial stiffness at baseline had an increased risk of dyslipidemia (HR, 1.194; 95% CI, 1.050-1.358). Compared with persistent low baPWV, new-onset and persistent high baPWV were associated with a 51.2% and 37.1% excess risk of dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The findings indicated that arterial stiffness is an early risk factor of dyslipidemia, suggesting a bidirectional association between arterial stiffness and lipid metabolism.