Autochthonous adjunct culture of Limosilactobacillus mucosae CNPC007 improved the techno-functional, physicochemical, and sensory properties of goat milk Greek-style yogurt.

We evaluated the performance of Limosilactobacillus mucosae CNPC007 as an autochthonous adjunct culture in the production of goat milk Greek-style yogurt. The techno-functional, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics of the control yogurt (containing only starter culture, CY) and the probiotic yogurt (with the probiotic strain added, PY) were assessed during 28 d of refrigerated storage. Furthermore, we determined the survival of the strain throughout the gastrointestinal tract under simulated conditions. The PY yogurt had a lower extent of proteolysis index and a higher depth of proteolysis index. These results indicate that the proteolytic enzymes of L. mucosae may have a possible action in PY. The PY formulation exhibited viscosity almost 1.5 times as high as CY over the refrigeration period, probably due to higher production of exopolysaccharides by the probiotic strain, which directly interferes with the microstructure, texture, and viscosity of the product. The PY formulation received higher scores for color, flavor, and global acceptance at 1 d of storage and higher texture scores at 28 d. The counts of L. mucosae remained high (>7 log cfu/g and >8.5 log cfu/g) throughout mouth-ileum digestion and storage, respectively, in PY. The autochthonous adjunct culture of L. mucosae CNPC007 can be used for production of a novel potentially probiotic goat yogurt without negatively affecting the general characteristics of the product quality, adding value associated with maintaining its functional potential.

Effect of freezing rates on α-amylase enzymatic susceptibility, in vitro digestibility, and technological properties of starch microparticles.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of freezing rates using direct (LF: Liquid nitrogen) and indirect (RF: Cryogenic refrigerator and UF: ultra-freezer) methods at temperatures of (-20, -80, and - 196 °C) on the enzymatic susceptibility with α-amylase for microparticles. In vitro digestibility parameters and technological properties were also analyzed. Lower rates resulted in larger ice crystals, damaging the starch structure. Hydrolysis was more pronounced at slower rates RF: 0.07 °C/min and UF: 0.14 °C/min, yielding maximum values of RDS: 37.63% and SDS: 59.32% for RF. Type A crystallinity remained unchanged, with only a noted increase in crystallinity of up to 6.50% for FR. Starch pastes were classified as pseudoplastic, with RF exhibiting superior textural parameters and apparent viscosity. (RF: 7.18 J g-1 and UF: 7.34 J g-1) also showed lower values of gelatinization enthalpy. Freezing techniques were viable in facilitating the diffusion of α-amylase and reducing RS by up to 81%.

Enzyme immobilization technology as a tool to innovate in the production of biofuels: A special review of the Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates (CLEAs) strategy.

This review emphasizes the crucial role of enzyme immobilization technology in advancing the production of two main biofuels, ethanol and biodiesel, with a specific focus on the Cross-linked Enzyme Aggregates (CLEAs) strategy. This method of immobilization has gained attention due to its simplicity and affordability, as it does not initially require a solid support. CLEAs synthesis protocol includes two steps: enzyme precipitation and cross-linking of aggregates using bifunctional agents. We conducted a thorough search for papers detailing the synthesis of CLEAs utilizing amylases, cellulases, and hemicellulases. These key enzymes are involved in breaking down starch or lignocellulosic materials to produce ethanol, both in first and second-generation processes. CLEAs of lipases were included as these enzymes play a crucial role in the enzymatic process of biodiesel production. However, when dealing with large or diverse substrates such as lignocellulosic materials for ethanol production and oils/fats for biodiesel production, the use of individual enzymes may not be the most efficient method. Instead, a system that utilizes a blend of enzymes may prove to be more effective. To innovate in the production of biofuels (ethanol and biodiesel), enzyme co-immobilization using different enzyme species to produce Combi-CLEAs is a promising trend.

Incidence of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus sporothermodurans and Geobacillus stearothermophilus in ultra-high temperature milk and biofilm formation capacity of isolates.

The presence of mesophilic and thermophilic spore-forming bacteria in UHT milk, as well as biofilm formation in dairy plants, are concerning. The current study explored the spore-forming bacilli diversity in 100 samples of UHT milk (skimmed and whole). Through this work, a total of 239 isolates from UHT milk samples were obtained. B. cereus s.s. was isolated from 7 samples, B. sporothermodurans from 19 and, G. stearothermophilus from 25 samples. Genes encoding hemolysin (HBL), and non-hemolytic (NHE) enterotoxins were detected in B. cereus s.s. isolates. All isolates of B. cereus s.s. (12) B. sporothermodurans (38), and G. stearothermophilus (47) were selected to verify the ability of biofilm formation in microtiter plates. The results showed all isolates could form biofilms. The OD595 values of biofilm formation varied between 0.14 and 1.04 for B. cereus, 0.20 to 1.87 for B. sporothermodurans, and 0.49 to 2.77 for G. stearothermophilus. The data highlights that the dairy industry needs to reinforce control in the initial quality of the raw material and in CIP cleaning procedures; avoiding biofilm formation and consequently a persistent microbiota in processing plants, which can shelter pathogenic species such as B. cereus s.s.

SHORT-TERM EFFECT OF WHEY PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WAITING FOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: A DOUBLE BLINDED RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL.

BACKGROUND: Chronic liver disease is associated with malnutrition that negatively impacts a patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL). AIM: To evaluate the short-term effect of whey protein supplementation on the HRQoL and nutritional and functional status of patients waiting for liver transplantation. METHODS: This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial with patients waiting for liver transplantation who were randomized into two groups: WP (whey protein supplementation) and the control (casein supplementation). Both groups received 40 g (20 g in the morning and 20 g in the evening) for 15 days. Nutritional and functional status were evaluated. Energy balance was calculated as the difference between energy intake (24-hour recall) and total energy expenditure (assessed by indirect calorimetry). The chronic liver disease questionnaire was used to assess HRQoL. All measurements were performed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Fifty-six patients were evaluated. Malnutrition was present in 56.9%, and it was directly associated with a poor HRQoL (p<0.05). No improvement on the nutritional and functional status was observed, in either group after protein supplementation. HRQoL improved after WP and casein supplementation, with no differences between groups (p>0.05). Patients who met protein requirements and had a positive energy balance demonstrated a higher HRQoL score (4.9, p<0.05), without between-group differences. CONCLUSION: Malnutrition substantially reduces HRQoL. Short-term WP or casein supplementation improved similarly the HRQoL.

O cuidar do adolescente com obesidade na atenção primária à saúde: perspectivas de gestores e profissionais / The care of obese adolescents in primary health care: perspectives of managers and professionals / Atención a adolescentes con obesidad en atención primaria de salud: perspectivas de gestores y profesionales

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever e explorar, sob a perspectiva de gestores e profissionais de saúde, o cuidado ofertado ao adolescente com obesidade no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: Estudo de caso, realizado em município do estado do Ceará-Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2022, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram examinados através da Análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: O cuidado ao adolescente com obesidade é fragmentado, cada profissional atua conforme decisão própria, pois o município não utiliza protocolos que subsidiem a prática assistencial. Foram elencadas potencialidades para o cuidado, sendo a principal a equipe multiprofissional. Quanto às dificuldades, destacou-se a procura do serviço de saúde pelo adolescente. Conclusão: Faz-se necessária uma (re)organização do modelo de atenção ao adolescente com obesidade no município. Além disso, o estudo ressalta a necessidade de maior atenção a obesidade na adolescência e provoca reflexões acerca do cuidado dispensado a este adolescente.

ABSTRACT Objective: Describe and explore, from the perspective of managers and health professionals, the care offered to adolescents with obesity in the context of Primary Health Care. Method: A case study conducted in a municipality in the state of Ceará-Brazil. Data collection took place in 2022 through semi-structured interviews. The data were examined using Bardin Content Analysis. Results: The care of obese adolescents is fragmented, and each professional acts according to their own decision, as the municipality does not use protocols that subsidize the practice of care. Potentials for care were listed, the main one being the multidisciplinary team. Regarding the difficulties, the adolescent's demand for health services was highlighted. Conclusion: It is necessary to (re) organize the care model for obese adolescents in the municipality. In addition, the study highlights the need for greater attention to adolescent obesity and causes reflections on the care provided to this adolescent.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir y explorar, desde la perspectiva de los gestores y profesionales sanitarios, la atención ofrecida a los adolescentes con obesidad en el ámbito de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Método: Estudio de caso, realizado en un municipio del estado de Ceará-Brasil. Los datos se recogieron en 2022 mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los datos se analizaron mediante el análisis de contenido de Bardin. Resultados: La atención a los adolescentes con obesidad está fragmentada, y cada profesional actúa según su propia decisión, ya que el municipio no utiliza protocolos para subvencionar la práctica asistencial. Se enumeraron las potencialidades asistenciales, siendo la principal el equipo multiprofesional. En cuanto a las dificultades, se destaca la búsqueda del servicio sanitario por parte del adolescente. Conclusión: Es necesario (re)organizar el modelo de atención a los adolescentes con obesidad en el municipio. Además, el estudio pone de manifiesto la necesidad de prestar más atención a la obesidad en la adolescencia y suscita reflexiones sobre la atención prestada a este adolescente.

Gene Expression Profiling of Muscle Stem Cells Identifies Novel Regulators of Postnatal Myogenesis.

Skeletal muscle growth and regeneration require a population of muscle stem cells, the satellite cells, located in close contact to the myofiber. These cells are specified during fetal and early postnatal development in mice from a Pax3/7 population of embryonic progenitor cells. As little is known about the genetic control of their formation and maintenance, we performed a genome-wide chronological expression profile identifying the dynamic transcriptomic changes involved in establishment of muscle stem cells through life, and acquisition of muscle stem cell properties. We have identified multiple genes and pathways associated with satellite cell formation, including set of genes specifically induced (EphA1, EphA2, EfnA1, EphB1, Zbtb4, Zbtb20) or inhibited (EphA3, EphA4, EphA7, EfnA2, EfnA3, EfnA4, EfnA5, EphB2, EphB3, EphB4, EfnBs, Zfp354c, Zcchc5, Hmga2) in adult stem cells. Ephrin receptors and ephrins ligands have been implicated in cell migration and guidance in many tissues including skeletal muscle. Here we show that Ephrin receptors and ephrins ligands are also involved in regulating the adult myogenic program. Strikingly, impairment of EPHB1 function in satellite cells leads to increased differentiation at the expense of self-renewal in isolated myofiber cultures. In addition, we identified new transcription factors, including several zinc finger proteins. ZFP354C and ZCCHC5 decreased self-renewal capacity when overexpressed, whereas ZBTB4 increased it, and ZBTB20 induced myogenic progression. The architectural and transcriptional regulator HMGA2 was involved in satellite cell activation. Together, our study shows that transcriptome profiling coupled with myofiber culture analysis, provides an efficient system to identify and validate candidate genes implicated in establishment/maintenance of muscle stem cells. Furthermore, tour de force transcriptomic profiling provides a wealth of data to inform for future stem cell-based muscle therapies.

Perspectiva do tratamento da tuberculose por pessoas privadas de liberdade em uma unidade de segurança máxima / Tuberculosis treatment from the perspective of incarcerated individuals in a maximum security unit / Perspectiva del tratamiento de la tuberculosis por prisioneros en una prisión de máxima seguridad

Objetivos: caracterizar o tratamento diretamente observado da tuberculose entre as pessoas privativas de liberdade, em um presídio de segurança máxima, e identificar os desafios por elas vivenciados. Método: trata-se de um estudo de caráter exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. Resultados: constatou-se que os discursos dos entrevistados apontam para um cenário de exclusão dos indivíduos com diagnóstico de tuberculose e o medo de contaminação cruzada. Há conhecimento mínimo sobre a doença e boa aceitação ao tratamento. No entanto, não há equipe multidisciplinar para acompanhar o tratamento diretamente observado continuamente. Conclusão: mediante o exposto, faz-se necessário implementar ações eficazes de promoção, prevenção e recuperação de saúde do apenado

Objective: the objective of this study is to analize the challenges encountered and establish a directly observed tuberculosis treatment in a maximum security penitentiary. Method: a qualitative approach was adopted for the exploratory descriptive study. Results: the respondents' contributions indicate an exclusionary environment for those diagnosed with tuberculosis and fear of cross contamination Knowledge about the disease is minimal, but treatment is eagerly accepted. However, a multidisciplinary team is not available to continually accompany the directly observed treatment. Conclusion: in light of these findings it the implementation of effective health promotion, prevention and recuperation measure for the detainees have therefore become necessary

Objetivo: el presente análisis tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el tratamineto observado directamente de la tuberculosis entre las personas privativas de libertad em uma prisión de máxima seguridade e identificar los desafios que experimentaron. Método: es un estudio exploratorio descriptivo com um enfoque cualitativo. Resultados: fue probado que, para los entrevistados, hay um encenario de exclusion social de las personas acometidas con diagnostico de tuberculosis y el miedo de contaminación cruzada. Hay básico conocimiento de su tratamento, pero no hay equipo especializado para aplicar adecuadamente los procedimientos adoptados de la tuberculosis. Conslusión: em consecuencia, es necessário implementar acciones más efectivas de prevención y cura para los individuos que cumplen sentencia de prisión

Análise do perfil e da frequência de erros de dispensação de medicamentos em um hospital de médio porte nos anos de 2009 a 2019 / Analysis of the profile and frequency of medication dispensing errors in a medium-sized hospital in the years 2009 to 2019

Objetivo: avaliar o perfil e a frequência de erros de dispensação de medicamentos entre os anos de 2009 e 2019 em um hospital de médio porte. Métodos: neste trabalho descritivo documental de abordagem quantitativa, os medicamentos envolvidos em erros de dispensação foram classificados de acordo com Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) e medicamentos potencialmente perigosos. E os erros foram categorizados segundo guia da Política Nacional de Segurança do Paciente (PNSP). Resultados: os resultados demonstraram que os erros aumentaram no decorrer dos anos, apresentando 28 erros/mês no primeiro ano e 58,6 erros/mês no último, e que os tipos de erros mais frequentes são de omissão do envio (n=1532; 39,0%) e dispensação com dose ou quantidade errada (n=827; 21,0%). A classe de medicamento prescrita mais envolvida em erros foi a de agentes anti-infecciosos de uso sistêmico (n=806; 20,5%). Entre os medicamentos potencialmente perigosos, os de ação no sistema nervoso (n=271; 32,8%) foram os mais dispensados de forma errada, tendo, também, como principal tipo de erro, a omissão, e seu principal representante foi o diazepam (n=84; 31,0%). Conclusões: a quantidade de erros de dispensação (mais de um por dia, em média) evidencia a importância do profissional farmacêutico como potencializador para transformar esse cenário, tanto no âmbito gerencial ao propor barreiras de segurança, quanto clínico, ao acompanhar o processo de uso dos medicamentos.

Objetctive: to evaluate the profile and frequency of medication dispensing errors between the years of 2009 to 2019 in a medium-sized hospital. Methods: In this descriptive documentary work of quantitative approach, the drugs involved in dispensing errors were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) and potentially dangerous drugs. The errors were categorized according to the guidelines of the National Policy for Patient Safety (NPPS). Results: The results showed that errors increased over the years, presenting 28 errors/month in the first year and 58.6 errors/month in the last, and that the most frequent types of errors are shipment omission (n = 1532; 39.0%) and dispensing with wrong dose or amount (n = 827; 21.0%). The medication class prescribed most involved in errors was anti-infective agents for systemic use (n = 806; 20.5%). Among the potentially dangerous drugs, those with action on the nervous system (n = 271; 32.8%) were the most misdispensed, also having omission as the main type of error, and its main representative was diazepam (n = 84; 31.0%). Conclusions: The amount of dispensing errors (more than one per day, on average) highlights the importance of the professional pharmacist as a potential generator to transform this scenario, both managerially, by proposing safety barriers, and clinically, by monitoring the process of medication use.

Pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica em pacientes graves de uma unidade de terapia intensiva / Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients in an intensive care unit / Neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica en pacientes críticos en una unidad de cuidados intensivos

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico e os fatores associados à mortalidade em pacientes com pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica em uma unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital de ensino. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, documental e de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em um hospital-escola, localizado em João Pessoa - Paraíba. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de setembro a novembro de 2020, utilizando-se questionário sistematizado com amostra aleatória simples de 59 prontuários. Resultados: A maioria era do sexo feminino (57,6%), com faixa etária de 60 anos ou mais (55,9%), apresentava doenças infecciosas (50,8%) como diagnóstico médico de internação, e possuíam comorbidades (74,6%). O microrganismo causador foi a pseudomonas aeruginosa (30,5%). O tempo de internação era menor ou igual a 30 dias (57,6%), o tempo de ventilação mecânica acima de 15 dias (74,6%) e havia uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a idade e o desfecho clínico, bem como o tempo de internação e o desfecho. Conclusão: O perfil identificado tanto se assemelha como se destaca em alguns aspectos quando se compara à literatura consultada. (AU)

Objective: To describe the clinical-epidemiological profile and factors associated with mortality in patients with pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit of a teaching hospital. Methods: Retrospective, documentary and quantitative study, developed in a teaching hospital, located in João Pessoa - Paraíba. Data collection was carried out from September to November 2020, using a systematic questionnaire with a simple random sample of 59 records. Results: Most were female (57.6%), aged 60 years or older (55.9%), had infectious diseases (50.8%) as a medical diagnosis of hospitalization, and had comorbidities (74,6%). The causative microorganism was pseudomonas aeruginosa (30.5%). The length of hospital stay was less than or equal to 30 days (57.6%), the time of mechanical ventilation above 15 days (74.6%) and there was a statistically significant association between age and clinical outcome, as well as length of stay and the outcome. Conclusion: The profile identified both resembles and stands out in some aspects when compared to the consulted literature. (AU)

Objetivo: Describir el perfil clínico-epidemiológico y los factores asociados a la mortalidad en pacientes con neumonía asociada a ventilación mecánica en una unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital universitario. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, documental y cuantitativo, desarrollado en un hospital universitario, ubicado en João Pessoa - Paraíba. La recolección de datos se realizó de septiembre a noviembre de 2020, mediante un cuestionario sistemático con una muestra aleatoria simple de 59 registros. Resultados: La mayoría eran mujeres (57,6%), de 60 años o más (55,9%), tenían enfermedades infecciosas (50,8%) como diagnóstico médico de hospitalización y comorbilidades (74,6%). El microorganismo causante fue pseudomonas aeruginosa (30,5%). La estancia hospitalaria fue menor o igual a 30 días (57,6%), el tiempo de ventilación mecánica superior a 15 días (74,6%) y hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la edad y el resultado clínico, así como la duración de la estancia y el resultado. Conclusión: El perfil identificado se asemeja y destaca en algunos aspectos al compararlo con la literatura consultada. (AU)

Short-term effect of whey protein supplementation on the quality of life of patients waiting for liver transplantation: a double blinded randomized clinical trial / Efeito a curto prazo da suplementação com proteína do soro do leite sobre a qualidade de vida de pacientes em fila de espera para o transplante hepático: ensaio clínico randomizado

ABSTRACT Background: Chronic liver disease is associated with malnutrition that negatively impacts a patient's health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Aim: To evaluate the short-term effect of whey protein supplementation on the HRQoL and nutritional and functional status of patients waiting for liver transplantation. Methods: This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial with patients waiting for liver transplantation who were randomized into two groups: WP (whey protein supplementation) and the control (casein supplementation). Both groups received 40 g (20 g in the morning and 20 g in the evening) for 15 days. Nutritional and functional status were evaluated. Energy balance was calculated as the difference between energy intake (24-hour recall) and total energy expenditure (assessed by indirect calorimetry). The chronic liver disease questionnaire was used to assess HRQoL. All measurements were performed before and after the intervention. Results: Fifty-six patients were evaluated. Malnutrition was present in 56.9%, and it was directly associated with a poor HRQoL (p<0.05). No improvement on the nutritional and functional status was observed, in either group after protein supplementation. HRQoL improved after WP and casein supplementation, with no differences between groups (p>0.05). Patients who met protein requirements and had a positive energy balance demonstrated a higher HRQoL score (4.9, p<0.05), without between-group differences. Conclusion: Malnutrition substantially reduces HRQoL. Short-term WP or casein supplementation improved similarly the HRQoL.

RESUMO Racional: A doença hepática crônica está associada à desnutrição que afeta negativamente a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS). Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da suplementação aguda de proteína do soro de leite na QVRS e no estado nutricional e funcional dos pacientes em lista de espera para o transplante hepático. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado com pacientes à espera do transplante hepático que foram randomizados em dois grupos: PS (suplementação com proteína do soro de leite) e Controle (suplementação com caseína). Ambos os grupos receberam 40 g das proteínas (20 g pela manhã e 20 g à noite) por 15 dias. O estado nutricional e funcional foi avaliado. O balanço energético foi calculado como a diferença entre a ingestão energética (recordatório de 24 horas) e o gasto energético total (avaliado por calorimetria indireta). O questionário de doença hepática crônica (CDLQ) foi utilizado para avaliar a QVRS. Todas as medidas foram realizadas antes e após a intervenção. Resultados: Cinquenta e seis pacientes foram avaliados. A desnutrição esteve presente em 56,9% e, diretamente associada à baixa QVRS (p<0,05). A suplementação, com ambas as proteínas, não alterou o estado nutricional e funcional dos pacientes (p>0,05). Entretanto, a QVRS melhorou após a suplementação com PS e caseína, sem diferenças entre os grupos (p>0,05). Pacientes que alcançaram as necessidades proteicas e com balanço energético positivo tiveram maior escore de QVRS (4,9; p<0,05), sem diferenças entre os grupos (p>0,05). Conclusão: A desnutrição reduz substancialmente a QVRS. A suplementação aguda com PS ou caseína melhorou de forma similar a QVRS.

Efeito de bebidas à base de café em cápsula em enzimas do metabolismo glicídico e captação de glicose em células Caco-2 / Effect of capsule coffee beverages on enzymes of glucose metabolism and glucose uptake in Caco-2 cells

Introdução: A diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma doença crônica não transmissível importante e crescente problema de saúde pública no mundo. Mudanças no estilo de vida, como um hábito alimentar saudável, contribuem para redução da glicemia e controle do diabetes. O café é um alimento amplamente consumido e rico em compostos fenólicos com propriedades antioxidantes, com estudos sugerindo que seu maior consumo pode estar associado a um menor risco de mortalidade no diabetes. Objetivos: Analisar os efeitos das bebidas à base de café em cápsula em enzimas do metabolismo glicídico e captação de glicose em modelo de células intestinais Caco-2. Métodos: As amostras de bebidas foram preparadas com cápsulas de café espresso regular e descafeinado com ou sem adição de leite. Essas bebidas à base de café foram submetidas à digestão in vitro e seus compostos fenólicos foram quantificados e identificados. Foram realizados ensaios de permeação e quantificação de glicose nas células Caco-2, ensaios da inibição da α-glicosidase, inibição α-amilase e inibição de dipeptidil peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). Análises da capacidade antioxidante foram realizadas por meio de ensaio da capacidade de absorbância de radical oxigênio (ORAC), inibição da peroxidação lipídica (TBARS) e, também foram analisados kits comerciais o ensaio da catalase e atividade antioxidante total (TAC). Os resultados foram expressos como média e desvio padrão. Resultados Não houve diferença estatística (p>0,05) na permeação de glicose entre as diferentes bebidas de café nas células Caco-2. Na análise da capacidade de inibição da enzima α-amilase o café regular apresentou melhor inibição na fase oral, e na fase intestinal o café descafeinado apresentou melhor resultado. A inibição da e α-glicosidase os cafés descafeinado e puro foram mais efetivos. Quanto à atividade da enzima catalase na porção apical, as menores concentrações de café regular e descafeinado foram mais efetivas. A melhor capacidade antioxidante foi observada no café descafeinado. Leite e cafeína foram efetivos em estimular a enzima DPPIV. Conclusão: Todas as bebidas apresentaram capacidade antioxidante, onde se destaca a superior capacidade antioxidante do café descafeinado. As bebidas puras foram mais efetivas para inibição das enzimas α-amilase e α-glicosidase após digestão e nas células Caco-2, leite e cafeína foram melhor ativadores de DPPIV.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important chronic non-communicable disease and a growing public health problem worldwide. Lifestyle changes, such as healthy eating habits, contribute to lowering blood glucose levels and controlling diabetes. Coffee is a widely consumed food rich in phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties, with studies suggesting that its higher consumption may be associated with a lower risk of mortality in diabetes. Aims: To analyze the effects of capsule coffee drinks on enzymes of glucose metabolism and glucose uptake in a Caco-2 intestinal cell model. Methods: The beverage samples were prepared with espresso and decaffeinated coffee capsules with or without added milk. These coffee drinks were subjected to in vitro digestion and their phenolic compounds were quantified and identified. Glucose permeation and quantification tests were carried out on Caco-2 cells, as well as α-glucosidase inhibition, α-amylase inhibition and dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibition tests. Antioxidant capacity analyses were carried out using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, lipid peroxidation inhibition (TBARS), and the catalase assay and total antioxidant activity (TAC) were also analyzed using commercial kits. The results were expressed as mean and standard deviation. Results: There was no statistical difference (p>0.05) in glucose permeation between the different coffee drinks in Caco-2 cells. In the analysis of the ability to inhibit the α-amylase enzyme, regular coffee showed better inhibition in the oral phase, and decaffeinated coffee showed better results in the intestinal phase. Decaffeinated and pure coffees were more effective at inhibiting α-glucosidase. As for the activity of the enzyme catalase in the apical portion, the lower concentrations of normal and decaffeinated coffee were more effective. The best antioxidant capacity was observed in decaffeinated coffee. Milk and caffeine were effective in stimulating the DPPIV enzyme. Conclusion: All the beverages showed antioxidant capacity, with the superior antioxidant capacity of decaffeinated coffee standing out. The pure drinks were more effective in inhibiting the enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase after digestion and, in Caco-2 cells, milk and caffeine were better activators of DPPIV.