[Prevalence of main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and efficacy of long-term multifactoral prophylaxis]. / Rasprostranennost' osnovnykh faktorov riska serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii i éffektivnost' mnogoletnei mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki.

AIM: To study prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors (CRF) in relation to sex, age, occupation as well as efficiency of active long-term multifactorial prophylaxis in the groups of active intervention (AI) and observation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The comparison group consisted of 1848 male and 1643 female volunteers. 8326 males and 13,116 females entered the group of active intervention and observation. RESULTS: Risk factors correction led to lowering of mean systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, smoking intensity, overweight, to improvement of wellbeing of cardiovascular patients. The number of examinees with several risk factors decreased while those free of risk factors increased. There was also a reduction in the number of days of temporary disability. In AI group total mortality, coronary heart disease and cerebral event mortality fell manifold. CONCLUSION: Five- and ten-year active multifactorial "in-office" prophylaxis decreased frequency and intensity of risk factors. Lowering of cardiovascular disease incidence was associated with a 44.4% decrease in the number of days on sick-leave. The presence of cardiovascular diseases, combination of risk factors in healthy subjects and in cardiovascular patients in the beginning of the study significantly increased total mortality, cardiovascular mortality in comparison and active intervention groups. Active multifactor prophylaxis in persons with risk factors and cardiovascular diseases, especially in combination with risk factors, in the beginning of the study reduced total mortality and mortality of cardiovascular disease in active intervention.

[Prevalence of ischemic heart disease, basic risk factors, and efficacy of long-term multifactorial prophylaxis at work in some regions of Russia]. / Rasprostranennost' ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa, osnovnykh faktorov riska ee razvitiia i éffektivnost' mnogoletnei mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki na predpriiatiiakh v riade regionov Rossii.

AIM: To study prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and its various clinical forms depending on sex, age, profession including risk factors (RF) and their combination and efficiency of long-term multifactorial active prevention programs at enterprises in several regions of the Russian Federation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 14,000 male and 20,969 female volunteers were observed in organized groups in three Russian cities (Cheboksary, Pskov, St-Petersburg). 8984 males and 14,515 females entered seven groups of outpatient follow-up and active long-term multifactorial prevention during 5-10 years. RESULTS: Risk factor correction produced a significant decrease in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, frequency and intensity of smoking, overweight, improved ECG parameters, increased number of the examinees free of risk factors; state of IHD patients improved. Overall mortality, IHD and stroke mortality, number of temporary disability days were significantly less in the prevention group. CONCLUSION: Active multifactorial "in office" prevention for 5 to 10 years reduced RF prevalence and intensity, quantity of days at sick-leave fell by 48.5%. The presence of IHD and risk factors in both groups increased overall mortality rates and cardiovascular (IHD and stroke) mortality rates at the beginning of the study. The multifactorial prevention of IHD and risk factors resulted in a significant reduction of overall mortality rates as well as cardiovascular mortality rates in groups of active prevention.