RESUMO
We compared absolute bioavailability of the chemical substance of the anti-smallpox preparation NIOCH-14 and chemical compound ST-246 active against orthopoxviruses after oral administration to mice in doses of 10 and 50 µg/g and intravenous administration to mice in a dose of 2 µg/g body weight. The absolute bioavailability of NIOCH-14 is comparable with the absolute bioavailability of ST-246.
Assuntos
Disponibilidade Biológica , Ácidos Dicarboxílicos/farmacocinética , Varíola/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Área Sob a Curva , Benzamidas/farmacocinética , Calibragem , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Infusões Intravenosas , Isoindóis/farmacocinética , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Fatores de Tempo , Vírus da VaríolaRESUMO
AIM: Study pharmacodynamic parameters of anti-viral effectiveness of a chemical compound NIOC-14 in experiments in mice infected with ectromelia virus (EV). MATERIALS AND METHODS: EV (K-1 strain) was obtained from the State Collection of Viral Infections and Rickettsioses Causative Agents of the State Scientific Centre of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector". Outbred ICR mice were intranasally infected with EV at a dose of 10 LD50 per animal (10 x 50% lethal doses/animal) and per orally received NIOC-14 or ST-246 as a positive control. Chemical compound NIOC-14 (7-[N'-(4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-hidrazincarbonyl]-tricyclo[3.2.2.0(2,4)]non-8-en-6-carbonic acid) was synthesized in Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry (NIOC). Anti-pox preparation ST-246, developed by SIGA Technologies Inc. (USA), was synthesized in NIOC using the technique described by the authors. RESULTS: 50% effective doses against EV in vivo were shown not to differ significantly between the preparations NIOC-14 (3.59 µg/g mouse mass) and ST-246 (5.08 µg/g mouse mass). During determination of therapeutic window, administration of NIOC-14 to mice 1 day or 1 hour before EV infection, as well as 1, 2 and 4 days after EV infection and then for 9 days was found to ensure 100% animal survival. Administration of NIOC-14 as well as ST-246 resulted in the decrease relative to control of EV titers in lungs, nasal cavity, brains, liver, spleen, kidneys and pancreas. CONCLUSION: Anti-viral effectiveness of NIOC-14 against EV in vivo was thus comparable by all the studied pharmacodynamic parameters with anti-viral activity of anti-pox-virus preparation ST-246.
Assuntos
Alcenos/administração & dosagem , Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Vírus da Ectromelia/efeitos dos fármacos , Ectromelia Infecciosa/tratamento farmacológico , Hidrazinas/administração & dosagem , Animais , Benzamidas/administração & dosagem , Vírus da Ectromelia/patogenicidade , Ectromelia Infecciosa/prevenção & controle , Ectromelia Infecciosa/virologia , Humanos , Isoindóis/administração & dosagem , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/virologia , Camundongos , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Baço/virologiaRESUMO
In the experiments using intranasal (i/n) infection of mice with the ectromelia virus (EV) in a dose 10 LD50/head (10 x 50% lethal doselhead) or with the monkaypox virus (MPXV) in a dose 10 ID50/head (10 x 50% infective dose/ head) it was demonstrated that the antiviral efficiency of chemical compounds - the condensed derivatives of pyrrolidin-2,5-dion, as well as their predecessors and the nearest analogues, synthesized in Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (NIOCH SB RAS) was observed. As a positive control we used the antipoxvirus chemical preparation ST-246 available from SIGA Technologies Inc. (USA), synthesized in NIOCH SB RAS by the technique suggested by the authors. It was demonstrated that the compound NIOCH-14 (7-[N'-(4-Trifluoromethylbenzoil)-hydrazidecarbonil]-tricyclo[3.2.2.02,4]non-8-en-6-carbonic acid) possessed comparable with ST-246 antiviral activity concerning EV and MPXV on all indicators used. Therefore, at infection of mice with EV (strain K-1) and peroral administration of NIOCH-14 and ST-246 in a dose 50 mkg/g of mouse weight (12-14 g) within 10 days the survival rate and average life expectancy of mice authentically exceeded the control levels. EV titers in lungs through 6 days after infection in the same groups were lower than in the control. In addition to that, after 7 days of infection of mice with MPXV (strain V79-1-005) and daily peroral administration of NIOCH-14 and ST-246 in a dose 60 mkg/g of mouse weight (9-11 g) authentic decrease in a part of infected animals and MPXV titers in lungs was observed.
Assuntos
Antivirais , Vírus da Ectromelia , Ectromelia Infecciosa/tratamento farmacológico , Monkeypox virus , Mpox/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antivirais/síntese química , Antivirais/química , Antivirais/farmacologia , Chlorocebus aethiops , Ectromelia Infecciosa/patologia , Ectromelia Infecciosa/virologia , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Mpox/patologia , Mpox/virologia , Células VeroRESUMO
AIM: Study of possibility of treatment-prophylaxis effect increase during combined administration of ridostin and tamiflu in experiments in mice infected with highly pathogenic influenza virus strain A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Balb/c line mice infected intranasally with influenza virus at 100 and 10 LD50 doses received ridostin and tamiflu as monopreparation or the combined variant before or after the infection. The mice were observed for 16 days, lethality rate, protection coefficient and average life span were evaluated. Virus concentration in lungs was determined by using titration in MDCK cell line. RESULTS: Combined administration ofridostin and tamiflu after the infection increased survivability of the animals when compared with the control group, and reduced influenza virus concentration in lungs. CONCLUSION: Treatment effect during combined administration of ridostin and tamiflu after influenza virus infection increased.
Assuntos
Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Oseltamivir/administração & dosagem , RNA de Cadeia Dupla/administração & dosagem , RNA Fúngico/administração & dosagem , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Embrião de Galinha , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Cães , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
AIM: To study efficacy of Ingavirin in vitro and in vivo against strains of pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1/09)v and influenza virus A(H5N1) and A(H3N2). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Changes in hemagglutinating and cytopathic activity of influenza virus strains A(H1N1/09)v, A(H5N1) and A(H3N2) during their incubation in the presence of Ingavirin or Remantadin on MDCK cell culture were studied. In mice infected by influenza strains A(H1N1/09)v and A(H3N2) and orally treated with Ingavirin, Tamiflu or Remantadin virus titers in lungs were measured. RESULTS: There was decrease in hemagglutinating and cytopathic activity of influenza virus strains after incubation with Ingavirin in vitro. Ingavirin effectively inhibited reproduction of influenza virus strains A(H1N1/09)v and A(H3N2) in lungs of infected mice. Titers of these strains in lung homogenates decreased when Ingavirin was orally administered to infected mice. CONCLUSION: Strains of influenza virus A(H1N1/09)v were susceptible to Ingavirin and Tamiflu but resistant to Remantadin. Reference strains of A(H5N1) and A(H3N2) were susceptible to Ingavirin, Tamiflu and Remantadin.
Assuntos
Amidas/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Dicarboxílicos/administração & dosagem , Imidazóis/administração & dosagem , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/efeitos dos fármacos , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Administração Intranasal , Administração Oral , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Aves , Caproatos , Embrião de Galinha , Cães , Feminino , Testes de Hemaglutinação , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/imunologia , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/imunologia , Influenza Aviária/prevenção & controle , Influenza Aviária/virologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Influenza Humana/virologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Oseltamivir/administração & dosagem , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Rimantadina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
AIM: To study efficacy of anaferon pediatric in mice infected by pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1/09)v. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Influenza virus strain A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)v was used. Three groups of BALB/c mice intranasally inoculated with influenza virus were studied. First group received solution of Anaferon pediatric during 5 days before and 8 days after inoculation, 2nd group received Tamiflu during 5 days after inoculation. Distilled water was administered orally to mice from control group. RESULTS: It was shown that Anaferon pediatric used as preventive and treatment agent in mice intranasally inoculated with 100% infectious dose of influenza virus strain A/ California/07/2009 (H1N1)v had antiviral effect, which expressed in 10-fold decreased reproduction of influenza virus in lungs of infected mice compared to control group measured 4, 6, and 8 days after inoculation. CONCLUSION: Use of anaferon pediatric before and after inoculation with influenza virus A(H1N1/09)v was not less effective than use of Tamiflu after inoculation.
Assuntos
Anticorpos/farmacologia , Antivirais/farmacologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1 , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Oseltamivir/farmacologia , Animais , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
AIM: To study antiviral activity of extracts obtained from basidial fungi against influenza viruses of different subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antiviral activity of extracts obtained from basidial fungi against influenza virus A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1) was determined in in vitro experiments. Changes in infectiousness of pandemic influenza virus A/Moscow/226/2009 (HIN1)v caused by extracts of basidial fungi was studied in experiments in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: Seventy water extracts of basidial fungi were studied, of which 10 were able to inhibit infectiousness of influenza virus strain A/ chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1) in MDCK cell culture. Also, several studied extracts decreased infectiousness of pandemic influenza virus strain A/ Moscow/226/2009 (H1N1)v in MDCK cells and inhibit its reproduction in lungs of infected mice. CONCLUSION: High antiviral activity of extracts obtained from basidial fungi against influenza viruses opens perspectives for development of drugs with preventive and treatment effects.
Assuntos
Antivirais/farmacologia , Basidiomycota/química , Misturas Complexas/farmacologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/metabolismo , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/metabolismo , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antivirais/química , Misturas Complexas/química , Cães , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Influenza Humana/virologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/virologiaRESUMO
AIM: Evaluate reactogenicity, safety and immunogenicity in phase 2 clinical trials of 2 immunization schedules with Ultragrivac--an allantoic intranasal life influenza vaccine based on A/17/ duck/Potsdam/86/92 [17/H5] reassortant strain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 4 groups of volunteers participated in the study: group 1--40 individuals were vaccinated twice with a 10 day interval; group 2--40 individuals were vaccinated twice with a 21 day interval; group 3 (control)--10 individuals received placebo twice with a 10 day interval; group 4 (control)--10 individuals received placebo twice with a 21 day interval. Local (secretory IgA), cellular and humoral immune response were evaluated. Humoral immunity was evaluated by the intensity of increase of geometric mean antibody titers against 2 influenza virus strains A/17/duck/Potsdam/86/92 [17/H5] and A/chicken/Suzdalka/Nov-1 1/2005 (H5N1), and by the level of significant (4 times or more) antibody seroconversions after the vaccination. RESULTS: After the use of Ultragrivac the level of secretory IgA in the nasal cavity of vaccinated volunteers in the groups with revaccination intervals of 10 and 21 days increased significantly. The second immunization with 10 or 21 day intervals significantly increased postvaccinal humoral immune response. Humoral immune response induction after 2 vaccinations with 10 day interval was no less effective than with 21 day interval. CONCLUSION: Ultragrivac allantoic intranasal live influenza vaccine is areactogenic, harmless for vaccinated individuals, safe for those around, and has immunogenic properties against not only homologous virus A(H5N2), but also against influenza strain A(H5N1).
Assuntos
Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1 , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N2 , Vacinas contra Influenza/efeitos adversos , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Administração Intranasal , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Imunidade Humoral , Imunização Secundária , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vacinas Atenuadas/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Atenuadas/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Atenuadas/imunologiaRESUMO
AIM: Studies of cultural, virologic, antigenic properties of 89 samples of pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus isolated in Russian Federation from May 2009 to March 2010. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Properties of isolated samples were compared with those of the reference strain A/ California/04/2009 (H1N1). RESULTS: Studies of biological properties and analysis of genome nucleotide sequences of the isolated samples showed that those strains are closely related to the reference strain. CONCLUSION: Monitoring of genetic, virologic and antigenic properties of pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 virus isolates carried out from May 2009 to March 2010 did not reveal significant changes in the abovementioned properties of the virus or emergence of mutations that can lead to such changes.
Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Pandemias , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Aves/virologia , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/classificação , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Camundongos , Mutação , Federação Russa/epidemiologia , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Anaferon (pediatric formulation) administered in the therapeutic-and-prophylactic regimen to mice receiving intranasally 100% infecting dose of A/California/07/2009(H1N1)v influenza virus exhibited an antiviral effect and 10-fold reduced the production of influenza virus in the lungs of infected mice on days 4, 6, and 8 after infection compared to the control (distilled water). The efficiency of Anaferon (pediatric formulation) administered before and after infection with A/California/07/2009(H1N1)v influenza virus was not inferior to the use of Tamiflu after infection.
Assuntos
Anticorpos/uso terapêutico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/virologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/virologia , Oseltamivir/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Results of phase II of a clinical trial of the influenza allantoic intranasal live vaccine "Ultragrivac" (type A/H5N2) are presented. The vaccine was developed based on strain /17/Duck/Potsdam/86/92 H5N2 [17/H5] - reassortant of two viruses, /Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) and /Duck/Potsdam/1402-86 (H5N2), obtained from the Virology Department, St. Petersburg Institute of Experimental Medicine.Two schemes of immunization (with revaccination on days 10 and 21) were used. Evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity included determination of local, cellular and humoral immunity. A significant rise in the level of secretory IgA in the nasal cavity of vaccinated volunteers (with revaccination on days 10 and 21) was documented after application of the vaccine. The postvaccination humoral immune response was estimated from the level of significant (4-fold and more) antibody seroconversions, geometric mean titers of antibodies to two strains of influenza virus /17/Duck/Potsdam/86/92 H5N2 [17/H5] and /Chicken/Suzdalka/Nov-11/2005 (H5N1), and their incremental rate. Results of measurement of antibody titers in hemagglutination-inhibition assay are presented, with two antigens being used to analyse all serum samples from volunteers twice vaccinated with influenza vaccine "Ultragrivac" at 10 and 21 day intervals. Result of phase II of this clinical study show that influenza allantoic intranasal live vaccine "Ultragrivac" is nonreactogenic and safe for both vaccinated and surrounding individuals. Moreover, it is sufficiently immunogenic with respect not only to homologous virus A(H5N2) but also to the A(H5N1) strain.
Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N2/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Imunização Secundária , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/efeitos adversos , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vírus Reordenados/imunologia , Vacinação , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Ingavirin was shown to be efficient in inhibition of the influenza virus strains A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)v, A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)v, A/Moscow/225/2009 (H1N1)v and A/Moscow/226/2009 (H1N1)v, as well as the strains A/Chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1) and A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) in the MDCK cell culture. The hemagglutinin and cytopathic activity of the influenza virus strains decreased at entering Ingavirin in vitro.
Assuntos
Amidas/farmacologia , Antivirais/farmacologia , Ácidos Dicarboxílicos/farmacologia , Imidazóis/farmacologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Caproatos , Linhagem Celular , Cães , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/efeitos dos fármacos , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Ingavirin was shown to be efficient in inhibition of the pandemic influenza virus strains A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)v, A/California/07/2009 (H1N1)v, A/Moscow/225/2009 (H1N1)v and A/Moscow/226/2009 (H1N1)v. as well as the influenza virus strain A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) in the lungs of the infected mice. After oral administration of Ingavirin the titers of the influenza virus strains in the lung homogenates lowered.
Assuntos
Amidas/uso terapêutico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Ácidos Dicarboxílicos/uso terapêutico , Imidazóis/uso terapêutico , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Caproatos , Feminino , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/fisiologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Pulmão/virologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/mortalidade , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/virologia , Oseltamivir/uso terapêutico , Rimantadina/uso terapêutico , Replicação Viral/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Therapeutic and preventive treatment of mice intranasally infected with a lethal dose of A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) influenza virus with anaferon (pediatric formulation) demonstrated an antiviral effect of the drug (increased percent of survivors and prolonged lifespan).
Assuntos
Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Intranasal , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/patogenicidade , Interferon gama/imunologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/imunologia , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/mortalidade , Oseltamivir/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
The results of the study showed that subcutaneous kenalog (Kn) lowered the resistance of mice to influenza virus (InV), as was seen by a decrease in 50% lethal dose and an increase in the degree of pulmonary tissue lesion, and the susceptibility of the lungs to InV, seen by the fact that 50% aerogenic infective dose (AID50) was significantly higher in the main group (Kn+InV) than in controls, which received Hanks solution subcutaneously (HS+InV). In vitro, 50% infective doses of InV for suspension of pulmonary and tracheal cells, characterizing their susceptibility to InV, were similar in Kn mice and controls. At the same time, lower resistance and higher degree of pulmonary inflammation noted in Kn mice after receiving a dose of InV that was much higher than an infecting one, was accompanied by the prevalence in the number as well as phagocyte and superoxide-producing activity of neutrophiles (Nph) over the same parameters for alveolar macrophages (AMph) as early as two days after receiving InV dose, vs. InV-infected controls. Evidently, one of the reasons for lower resistance to InV after Kn administration is significant disbalance between the functional activity of AMph and Nph populations. Ineffective AMph clearance of the lungs from InV and excessive number of recruited Nph and products of tissue disintegration may favor the development of respiratory failure and infectious-toxic shock, which leads to lower resistance in animals which receive Kn before InV infection.
Assuntos
Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Imunidade Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Macrófagos Alveolares/imunologia , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/imunologia , Orthomyxoviridae , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Macrófagos Alveolares/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos Alveolares/virologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Orthomyxoviridae/virologiaRESUMO
The seeding and working banks of a 4647-cell culture have been created. The 4647-cell culture in these banks has a high proliferative activity, as well as the morphology, typical of this line, and the karyotype and the enzymogram, which are characteristic for the cells of an African talapoin (Cercopithecus aethiops). The culture is not contaminated with bacteria, fungi, Mycoplasma, and viruses, including oncoviruses. The deposited 4647 cells have high viral productive properties for the accumulation of the recombinant virus strain b7,5S2-S vaccine and keep the stability of all biological properties during a long-term cultivation. The continuous 4647 cell line was tested at the L. A. Tarasevich State Institute of SK. The seeding and working banks of 4647-cell culture at passages 108 and 128 are recommended as a substrate for cultivation of the strain b7,5S2-S vaccinia, used to prepare a bivaccine against smallpox and hepatitis B.
Assuntos
Linhagem Celular/fisiologia , Vacinas contra Hepatite B/normas , Microbiologia Industrial/normas , Vacina Antivariólica/normas , Animais , Linhagem Celular/microbiologia , Chlorocebus aethiops , Hepacivirus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hepatite B/imunologia , Cariotipagem , Poxviridae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Padrões de Referência , Varíola/imunologia , Vacinas Sintéticas , Cultura de Vírus/normasRESUMO
In vitro antiviral effect of myramistin on influenza virus (MDCK cell culture) was studied. The drug showed significant dose-dependent antiviral activity against the virus. When used prophylactically (1 hour before exposure to the virus) in subtoxic doses, myramistin was effective in inhibiting replication of the influenza virus [strains A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and A/Chicken/Suzdalka/Nov-11/2005 (H5N1)]. In urgent prophylaxis (1 hour after exposure to the virus) the protective effect was less pronounced, especially when the contamination dose was high. When the drug was added 12 hours after exposure to the virus, it had no protective effect on the MDSK cell monolayer. The prospects of the myramistin use as a prophylactic agent in grippe are discussed.
Assuntos
Antivirais/farmacologia , Compostos de Benzalcônio/farmacologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/efeitos dos fármacos , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Cães , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/fisiologia , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/fisiologia , Virologia/métodos , Replicação ViralRESUMO
Air disinfection from bacteria and viruses by means of photocatalytic oxidation is investigated with microorganisms loaded over photocatalysts' films from aerosols. Deposition method and equipment have been developed to load Mycobacterium smegmatis , Bacillus thuringiensis , vaccinia virus, and influenza A (H3N2) virus on slides with undoped TiO(2) and platinized sulfated TiO(2) (Pt/TiO(2)). Inactivation dynamics was measured under UVA irradiation and in the dark. About 90% inactivation is reached in 30 min irradiation on TiO(2) and from 90 to 99.8% on Pt/TiO(2). The first-order inactivation rate coefficient ranged from 0.18 to 0.03 min(-1), over Pt/TiO(2) being higher than on TiO(2) for all microorganisms except Bacillus thuringiensis. The photocatalytic mineralization of Bacillus thuringiensis was performed on TiO(2) and Pt/TiO(2) with different photocatalyst and microorganism loadings. Completeness of mineralization depended on the TiO(2) to bacteria mass ratio. The rate of the photocatalytic carbon dioxide production grows with both the cell mass increase and the photocatalyst mass increase. Pt/TiO(2) showed increased rate of mineralization as well as of the inactivation likely due to a better charge carrier separation in the doped semiconductor photocatalyst. The results demonstrate that photocatalytic filters with deposited TiO(2) or Pt/TiO(2) are able to inactivate aerosol microorganisms and completely decompose them into inorganic products and Pt/TiO(2) provides higher disinfection and mineralization rates.
Assuntos
Aerossóis , Platina/química , Titânio/química , Bacillus thuringiensis/metabolismo , Catálise , Vírus da Influenza A/metabolismo , Mycobacterium smegmatis/metabolismo , Nitratos/química , Fotoquímica/métodos , Semicondutores , Fatores de Tempo , Raios Ultravioleta , Vaccinia virus/metabolismoRESUMO
We studied vaccine strains of influenza viruses A and B during their culturing in MDCK and Vero cells grown in Eagle's MEM medium and in a medium on the basis of enzyme hydrolysate of rise flour proteins with reduced (2%) content of fetal calf serum. Optimal conditions for cell culturing and reproduction of influenza virus strains in these cells were studied. Culturing of vaccine strains of influenza viruses in MDCK and Vero cells grown in nutrient media on the basis of rise flour protein hydrolysate yielded high infection titers, which suggests that this medium can be used for the development of cultural influenza vaccine.