Determinants of patients preferring Complementary and Alternative medicine attending public hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: To find the frequency and determinants of patients preferring complementary and alternative medicine over registered medical doctors.. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Services Hospital, Mayo Hospital and Jinnah Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan, from June 8 to August 20, 2017.A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis. . RESULTS: Of the 385 subjects, 200(51.9%) had visited at least one complementary and alternative medicine healer in their life. Besides, 166(83%) subjects confirmed positive outcome of such therapies. When asked about reasons behind their choice,227(59%)subjects mentioned cost effectiveness, 99(25.7%) better understanding, 131(34%) guidance about disease by such healers, 198(51.4%) harmless therapies, 198(51.4%) natural ingredients of medicines, 154(40%) accessibility, 161(41.8%) psychological satisfaction, 221(57.4%) said fewer appointments, 222(57.7%) said diagnosis without laboratory tests, 131(34%)family influence, 52(13.5%) had surgical fears, 101(26.2%) said faith in spiritual exercises, 63(16.4%) were addicted to complementary and alternative medicine products, 122(31.7%) said better communication) while183(47.5%) said sparing more time for consultation. CONCLUSIONS: There were a variety of beliefs and reasons behind patients preferring complementary and alternative medicine providers over medical doctors.

Primary care treatment for child and adolescent neuropsychiatric conditions in remote rural Punjab, Pakistan - a cross-sectional survey.

BACKGROUND: Pakistan is one of the most populous regions of the world. Previous work has demonstrated that there is reliance on traditional healthcare systems when seeking psychiatric care; however, there is a lack of information on help seeking for child and adolescent population. The aim of this study was to describe types of treatments and families' perceptions of the effectiveness of those treatments for childhood neuropsychiatric disorders in remote rural Punjab. METHOD: Cross-sectional survey of consecutive attendees at an advertised mental health consultation day in a remote rural area. RESULTS: The effectiveness of these treatments, as rated by patients and their families, was variable, with highest reported effectiveness for general practitioner treatments. In families with a past history of care from a general practitioner, those who had epilepsy reported treatments to be more effective than those with mental retardation. Carers and users described consulting five different types of primary healthcare practitioners that used both physical and psychotherapeutic treatments. CONCLUSIONS: There is considerable variation in treatments available for child and adolescent neuropsychiatric disorders in remote rural areas of Punjab, a large proportion of which are considered ineffective by the users and carers. This highlights the need to develop effective interventions for child and adolescent neuropsychiatric conditions that can be administered by primary health workers. Our data suggest that the need for this is greatest for mental retardation.

Complementary treatment of psychotic and epileptic patients in malaysia.

The objective of this article is to describe and compare the use of traditional/complementary medicine (T/CM) among psychotic (schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder) and epileptic Malay patients in peninsular Malaysia. There were 60 patients in each group. T/CM consultation was uniformly spread across all levels of education and social status. We could not find a single over-riding factor that influenced the decision to seek T/CM treatment because the decision to seek such treatment was complex and the majority of decisions were made by others. Fifty-three patients (44.2%), consisting of 37 (61.7%) psychotic and 16 (26.7%) epileptic patients had consulted Malay traditional healers (bomoh) and/or homeopathic practitioners in addition to modern treatment; of these, only three had consulted bomoh and homeopathic practitioners at the same time. The use of T/CM was significantly higher in psychotic than in epileptic Malay patients.

Uma reflexão epistemológica sobre a consulta homeopática / An epistemological reflection on homeopathic consultation

A consulta médica tem um lugar especial no tratamento homeopático. Diferente do aprendido durante a formação hegemônica, em que as técnicas semiológicas se concentram na busca de sintomas para realizar o diagnóstico clínico, e daí estabelecer um tratamento para patologias pré-classificadas com protocolos pré-existentes, na Homeopatia é preciso reconfigurar alguns conceitos, que começam no ato da consulta. Na abordagem homeopática, onde a visão mecanicista deve ser acoplada ao paradigma vitalista, busca-se padrões e causas relacionados aos sintomas, acrescentando ao diagnóstico clínico também a individualidade, entre outros diagnósticos, para tratamento de forma integrada, em busca da cura ideal. O objetivo deste texto é analisar a consulta homeopática de acordo com as peculiaridades da racionalidade homeopática, construída por Samuel Hahnemann, em consonância com a epistemologia da complexidade, que embasa muitas outras áreas de conhecimentos na contemporaneidade, estudada por Edgar Morin.

Medical consultation has a special place in homeopathic treatment. Unlike what was learned during hegemonic formation, in which semiological techniques focus on searching for symptoms to make a clinical diagnosis, and then establishing a treatment for pre-classified pathologies with pre-existing protocols, in Homeopathy it is necessary to reconfigure some concepts, which begin at the time of consultation. In the homeopathic approach, where the mechanistic vision must be coupled with the vitalist paradigm, patterns and causes related to symptoms are sought, adding individuality to the clinical diagnosis, among other diagnoses, for integrated treatment, in search of the ideal cure. The objective of this text is to analyze homeopathic consultation according to the peculiarities of homeopathic rationality, constructed by Samuel Hahnemann, in line with the epistemology of complexity, which underpins many other areas of knowledge in contemporary times, studied by Edgar Morin.

Bases científicas del principio de curación homeopática en la farmacología moderna / Scientific bases of the homeopathic healing principle in modern pharmacology

La homeopatía emplea el denominado 'principio de similares' como método terapéutico ­ el cual consiste en administrar medicamentos que provocan ciertos síntomas en individuos sanos para tratar síntomas similares en individuos enfermos (similia similibus curantur) - para inducir una reacción curativa secundaria del cuerpo en contra de sus propios trastornos. Esta reacción secundaria (vital, homeostática o paradójica) del cuerpo se basa en el 'efecto de rebote' de los fármacos modernos, un tipo de evento adverso que se produce después de interrumpir varias clases de fármacos prescritos según el 'principio de los contrarios' (contraria contrariis curantur). Objetivo: La presente revisión ha buscado justificar científicamente el principio de curación homeopática frente a la farmacología clínica y experimental a través de un estudio sistemático del efecto de rebote de los fármacos modernos o reacción paradójica del cuerpo. Métodos: Empleando como referencia estudios y revisiones sobre el tema publicados a partir de 1998, actualizamos los datos añadiendo estudios recientes incluidos en la base de datos PubMed. Resultados: El efecto de rebote se produce después de interrumpir varias clases de fármacos con acción contraria a los síntomas de las enfermedades, exacerbándolos a niveles superiores a aquellos previos al tratamiento. Independientemente de la enfermedad, fármaco, dosis y duración del tratamiento, el fenómeno del rebote se manifiesta en una pequeña proporción de los individuos susceptibles. Siguiendo las premisas homeopáticas, los fármacos modernos también podrían usarse según el principio de la similitud terapéutica, empleando entonces el efecto de rebote (reacción paradójica) con propósito curativo. Conclusiones: Evidenciado por cientos de estudios que constatan la similitud de conceptos y manifestaciones, el efecto de rebote de los fármacos modernos justifica científicamente el principio de la cura homeopática. Aunque el fenómeno de rebote es un evento adverso estudiado por la farmacología moderna, no es conocido por los profesionales de la atención médica, lo cual priva a los médicos de un conocimiento indispensable para el manejo seguro de los fármacos.

Homeopathy employs the so-called 'principle of similars' as therapeutic method - which consists in administering medicines that cause certain symptoms in healthy individuals to treat similar symptoms in sick individuals (similia similibus curantur) - to induce a secondary and healing reaction by the body against its own disorders. This secondary (vital, homeostatic or paradoxical) reaction of the body is based on the 'rebound effect' of modern drugs, a type of adverse event that occurs following discontinuation of several classes of drugs prescribed according to the 'principle of contraries' (contraria contrariis curantur). Aim: The present review sought to scientifically substantiate the homeopathic healing principle vis-à-vis experimental and clinical pharmacology through a systematic study of the rebound effect of modern drugs or paradoxical reaction of the body. Methods: Employing as reference studies and revisions on the subject published since 1998, we updated the data adding recent studies included in database PubMed. Results: The rebound effect occurs after discontinuation of several classes of drugs with action contrary to the symptoms of diseases, exacerbating them to levels above the ones before treatment. Regardless of disease, drug, dose and duration of treatment, the rebound phenomenon manifests in a small proportion of susceptible individuals. Following the homeopathic premises, modern drugs might also be used according to the principle of therapeutic similitude, thus employing the rebound effect (paradoxical reaction) with curative intent. Conclusions: Evidenced by hundreds of studies that attest to the similarity of concepts and manifestations, the rebound effect of modern drugs scientifically substantiates the principle of homeopathic cure. Although the rebound phenomenon is an adverse event studied by modern pharmacology, it is not known by health care professionals, thus depriving doctors of knowledge indispensable for safe management of drugs.

Princípios de Hahnemann no tratamento de um quadro agudo: relato de caso / Hahnemann's principles in the treatment of a acute frame: case report

A Homeopatia é uma ciência fundamentada na observação dos fenômenos naturais. Segundo Hahnemann, a cura homeopática é aquela que acontece de acordo com as leis naturais, sendo uma delas a lei dos semelhantes, já descrita por muitos médicos desde a antiguidade, inclusive Hipócrates. Quando são seguidos os princípios estipulados por Hahnemann, considerando a totalidade sintomática, incluindo a escolha do medicamento, sua potência, dose e frequência de administração, o tratamento homeopático torna-se eficaz tanto em casos crônicos quanto nos agudos, "sendo capaz de aniquilar a doença sem produzir novos e sérios distúrbios". Este estudo tem como objetivo exemplificar como, seguindo os princípios estipulados, a Homeopatia pode ser eficaz no tratamento de um quadro agudo que não obteve sucesso com a terapêutica alopática convencional. Trata-se de um relato de caso de paciente de 64 anos, sem doença prévia instalada, com ferimento corto- -contuso em mão esquerda após queda da própria altura, mantendo sinais flogísticos e ausência de cicatrização 13 dias após a realização da sutura e de fazer uso regular de antibiótico e anti-inflamatório prescritos. Após a avaliação da totalidade sintomática, foi prescrito Belladonna 6cH, administrada pelo método plus, resultando em alívio imediato dos sintomas e cura total em 5 dias. Realizando com cautela o diagnóstico homeopático e a partir disso elegendo o medicamento mais similar ao caso, com potência, dose e frequência de administração adequadas, é possível obter resultados eficazes com o tratamento homeopático, sempre considerando a constituição do indivíduo.

Homeopathy is a science based on the observation of phenomena natural. According to Hahnemann, homeopathic cure is one that happens according to natural laws, one of which is the law of similars, already described by many doctors since ancient times, including Hippocrates. When the principles stipulated by Hahnemann, considering the symptomatic totality, including the choice of the medicine, its potency, dose and frequency of administration, the Homeopathic treatment becomes effective in both chronic and in acute cases, "being capable of annihilating the disease without producing new and serious disturbances." This study aims to exemplify how, following the stipulated principles, Homeopathy can be effective in treatment of an acute condition that has not been successful with therapy conventional allopathic. This is a patient case report 64 years old, with no previous illness, with a cut wound-bruise in the left hand after falling from a height, maintaining phlogistic signs and lack of healing 13 days after the procedure suture and regular use of prescribed antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. After evaluating the totality of symptoms, Belladonna was prescribed 6cH, administered by the plus method, resulting in immediate relief of symptoms and complete cure in 5 days. Carrying out the diagnosis with caution homeopathic and from there choosing the medicine most similar to the case, with adequate potency, dose and frequency of administration, it is possible to obtain effective results with homeopathic treatment, always considering the constitution of the individual.

Análise histopatológica dos efeitos do bioterápico 200dh em camundongos infectados por Trypanosoma Cruzi / Histopathological analysis of the effects of 200dh biotherapeutic in mice infected with Trypanosoma Cruzi

O Trypanosoma cruzi é um protozoário que instaura uma infecção grave em seu hospedeiro vertebrado, podendo causar danos irreversíveis, principalmente em suas células musculares, conhecida como a doença tripanossomíase ou Doença de Chagas. dicação disponível no mercado, que combate esse parasito, não é completamente eficiente e produz danos indesejáveis e irreversíveis, fazendo-se necessário a busca por outros campos da medicina, em termos de medicação, para combater essa doença. Nesse sentido, pesquisas com medicamentos homeopáticos têm se revelado promissoras no combate ao parasito, sobretudo as formas amastigotas, que são mais difíceis de serem exterminadas. Os bioterápicos são os homeopáticos que obtiveram maior sucesso em relação à infecção por T. cruzi, uma vez que esses medicamentos possuem seu princípio ativo retirado do próprio parasito, suas toxinas, parte de membros, realizando uma terapia conhecida como isoterapia ­ cura pelo igual. Resultados encontrados indicam que o bioterápico 200dH atua coagindo o sistema imune a combater o T. cruzi em cobaias contaminadas, fomentando uma resposta imune celular e humoral mais eficiente do que a fisiológica. Acredita-se que esse medicamento atue estimulando as células de defesa, que passarão a responder de forma antígeno- -específico, favorecendo o combate de amastigotas. Esse processo, provavelmente, é iniciado pela estimulação do macrófago, que por sua vez, de acordo com os resultados encontrados, inicia uma cascata inflamatória, com predominância da via Th1, fomentando a produção de IL4, IL-10 e interferon, auxiliando no combate as amastigotas.

The trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan that causes a serious infeccion in the vertebrate host, being capable of causing irreversible damages mainly in the muscle cells, also known as trypanosomiasis disease or Chagas Disease. The commercially available drug medication which fights this parasite is not completely efficient and causes undesirable and irreversible damages making it necessary to search for other fields of medicine in terms of medication to combat this disease. Therefore research with homeopathic medicines has being promising in the fight against the parasite, especially the amastigote forms, which are more difficult to be exterminated. Biotherapics are the homeopathic ones that have been more successful in relation to T. cruzi infection, since these drugs have their active principle removed from the parasite itself, its toxins, part of its members, performing a therapy known as isotherapy - cure by the same. The results indicates that the 200dH biotherapic acts by coercing the immune system to fight T. cruzi in contaminated guinea pigs, promoting a cellular and humoral imune response more efficient than the physiological one. It is believed that this medicine works by stimulating the defense cells which will respond in an antigen-specific manner favoring the fight against amastigotes. This process is probably initiated by the stimulation of the macrophage which in turn, according to the remains found, initiates an inflammatory cascade with predominance of the Th1 pathway, promoting the production of IL-4e IL-5 and interferon helping to combat amastigotes

Práticas integrativas e complementares na odontologia / Integrative and complementary practices in dentistry / Prácticas integradoras y complementarias en odontología

As Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICs) apresentam-se como métodos coadjuvantes, auxiliando na obtenção de sucesso em determinados tratamentos clínicos e/ou cirúrgicos, atuando na prevenção, auxiliando na cura e no equilíbrio psicossomático com a finalidade de reestabelecer concordância entre mente e corpo. O Conselho Federal de Odontologia (CFO) regulamentou práticas como acupuntura, hipnose, terapia floral e fitoterapia, entretanto, suas aplicabilidades dependem da emissão de uma habilitação e seu devido registro no Conselho (Resolução CFO 82/2008). Para a Odontologia, as PICs proporcionam novas ferramentas para exercer um atendimento integral do ser humano. Neste trabalho, propõe-se fazer uma revisão de literatura sobre as PICs e Odontologia. Esta revisão de literatura foi realizada por meio de busca de artigos na base de dados Scielo, PubMed e Scholar Google no período de 2000 a 2021. Foram encontrados artigos sobre as seguintes PICs atuando conjuntamente com a Odontologia: terapias florais, acupuntura, hipnodontia, ozonioterapia, laserterapia, fitoterapia, homeopatia e odontologia antroposófica. Essas práticas apresentam grande valia, pois promovem o bem-estar sem causar dano ao indivíduo, apresentando poucos ou nenhum efeito colateral possibilitando maior segurança aos pacientes, além de favorecer a relação entre paciente e cirurgião-dentista, otimizando o tempo de trabalho no consultório odontológico e reduzindo custos.

Integrative and Complementary Practices (PICs) are presented as supporting methods, helping to achieve success in certain clinical and/or surgical treatments, acting in prevention, assisting in healing and psychosomatic balance in order to reestablish agreement between mind and body. . The Federal Council of Dentistry (CFO) has regulated practices such as acupuncture, hypnosis, floral therapy and herbal medicine, however, their applicability depends on the issuance of a license and its proper registration with the Council (Resolution CFO 82/2008). For Dentistry, PICs provide new tools to provide comprehensive care to human beings. In this work, we propose to review the literature on PICs and Dentistry. This literature review was carried out by searching articles in the Scielo, PubMed and Scholar Google databases from 2000 to 2021. Articles were found on the following PICs working together with Dentistry: floral therapies, acupuncture, hypnodontics, ozone therapy , laser therapy, phytotherapy, homeopathy and anthroposophic dentistry. These practices are of great value, as they promote well-being without causing harm to the individual, presenting few or no side effects, allowing greater safety for patients, in addition to favoring the relationship between patient and dentist, optimizing working time in the dental office and reducing costs.

Las Prácticas Integrativas y Complementarias (PIC) se presentan como métodos coadyuvantes, ayudando a obtener el éxito en determinados tratamientos clínicos y/o quirúrgicos, actuando en la prevención, ayudando en la cura y en el equilibrio psicosomático con el fin de restablecer la concordancia entre mente y cuerpo. El Consejo Federal de Odontología (CFO) ha regulado prácticas como la acupuntura, la hipnosis, la terapia floral y la fitoterapia, sin embargo, su aplicabilidad depende de la emisión de un título y su correcto registro en el Consejo (Resolución CFO 82/2008). Para la odontología, los PIC aportan nuevas herramientas para la atención integral del ser humano. En este trabajo, nos proponemos hacer una revisión bibliográfica sobre los PIC y la Odontología. Esta revisión bibliográfica se realizó mediante la búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos Scielo, PubMed y Scholar Google desde el año 2000 hasta el 2021. Se encontraron artículos sobre los siguientes CFP que actúan conjuntamente con la Odontología: terapias florales, acupuntura, hipnodoncia, ozonoterapia, terapia láser, fitoterapia, homeopatía y odontología antroposófica. Estas prácticas tienen un gran valor porque promueven el bienestar sin causar daño al individuo, presentando pocos o ningún efecto secundario, proporcionando mayor seguridad a los pacientes, y favoreciendo la relación entre el paciente y el dentista, optimizando el tiempo de trabajo en el consultorio y reduciendo los costos.

Alternative and complementary therapies.

The field of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is broad and diverse, comprising numerous therapeutic modalities. CAM therapies are viewed as either an adjunct or a complement to conventional treatment. As of 1997, 64% of United States medical schools included elective or required CAM courses. The number of CAM practitioners in the United States is projected to increase by 88% between 1994 and 2010, and the number of conventional physicians who incorporate CAM into their practices will increase by 16%. Patients and their parents can make various health care choices; doctors need to understand and respect these options, and to support them, if safe and effective.

Percepções sobre homeopatia na perspectiva de discentes dos cursos de saúde de um centro universitário de Recife-PE / Healthcare students perceptions about homeopathy at a university of Recife-PE

A homeopatia é um método terapêutico que tem como princípio "semelhante cura semelhante", tendo como base a experimentação das preparações altamente diluídas e sucussionadas, com objetivo de produzir em pessoas sadias sintomas semelhantes aos da doença que devem combater. O interesse da população por ela vem aumentando e há necessidade de formar profissionais qualificados no ensino de práticas integrativas e complementares para que avancem no SUS. Diante disso, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as percepções sobre homeopatia na perspectiva de discentes dos cursos de saúde de um centro universitário privado em Recife-PE. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo a partir da aplicação de questionário a 500 estudantes de cursos de saúde, entre outubro e novembro de 2018. Apesar de 65,2% dos discentes relatarem ter ouvido falar sobre homeopatia, 73% declararam ter pouco ou nenhum conhecimento sobre as formas de tratamento. Além disso, 82,8% dos discentes afirmaram não conhecer as PNPIC (Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares no SUS), e nem saber que medicamentos homeopáticos são distribuídos gratuitamente pelo SUS (86%). Existe interesse dos estudantes de saúde em incluir homeopatia como disciplina na grade de seus cursos, afim de estarem aptos para oferecer um atendimento integral aos pacientes. Portanto, há necessidade de instituições de ensino superior investirem e promoverem disciplinas que abordem a homeopatia, para formarem profissionais com maior conhecimento sobre as PIC, o que irá acarretar maior informação para a população, contribuindo na melhoria da saúde individual e coletiva através da saúde pública.

Homeopathy is a type of therapy method that follows the principle of "like cures like", based on the experimentation of high diluted preparations, with the aim of of producing in a healthy person, symptoms most 'like' the symptoms the person is suffering from. There has been increasing interest in these therapies and, therefore, is important to train qualified professionals focused on homeopathy and complementary and alternative medicine for work in the SUS. The aim of this study was to describe the perceptions about homeopathy from the perspective of healthcare students at a private university in Recife-PE. A cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study was conducted, between the months of October and November 2018. To assess opinions about homeopathy, 500 students were asked questions in a questionnaire. Although 65.2% of the students report having heard/read about homeopathy, 73% have little or no knowledge about this alternative therapie. In addition, 82.8% did not know the PNPIC (National Policy for Integrative and Complementary Practices in the SUS), nor that homeopathic medicines are distributed free of charge by the SUS (86%). Healthcare students are interested in including homeopathy as a discipline in their graduations, in order to be able to offer comprehensive care to patients. Therefore, there is a need for universities to invest and promote disciplines that address homeopathy, to train professionals with greater knowledge about alternative and complementary medicine, which will lead to more information for the population, contributing to the improvement of individual and collective health through public health.

Homeopatía y la ley de los infinitesimales / Homeopathy and the Law of Infinitesimals

This paper explains the second elementary law of homeopathy, the Law of the Infinitesimals, on the basis of a kinetic model. When a remedy occurs in the human cell of a healthy person and forms a reaction product (simillimum) that induces the finest medical symptoms of an ill person, then remedies entering the cell of the ill person will form identical simillimum molecules and re-establish the initial equilibrium of the healthy state and cure the ill person. However, this will also induce a molecular crowding in the cells of the ill person. For kinetic reasons this will aggravate the re-establishment of the initial equilibrium and consequently worsen or even interrupt the medical treatment. At a low remedy concentration, the molecular crowding becomes negligible while the formation of the simillimum and the re-establishment of the initial equilibrium will take place continuously and cure the person who is ill

Práticas integrativas, espirituais e qualidade de vida do paciente com câncer durante o tratamento / Integrative, spiritual practices and quality of life of cancer patients during treatment

Objetivou-se identificar o uso de práticas integrativas, espirituais e avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes adultos com câncer durante o tratamento quimioterápico. Pesquisa quantitativa e transversal realizada com 275 pacientes durante quimioterapia em um hospital de Minas Gerais. Instrumentos utilizados: questionário sociodemográfico e clínico e Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core30 (QLQ-C30) com análise de dados pelo software Statistical Packagefor theSocial Sciences (SPSS) (for Windows). A maioria dos entrevistados era mulher, entre 40 a 79 anos, casadas, aposentadas, com baixo nível de escolaridade e baixa renda. Os cânceres mais prevalentes foram colorretal, mama e estômago. Apenas 13 (4,9%) pacientes utilizavam alguma prática integrativa como fitoterapia, homeopatia, meditação, floral e acupuntura. Cerca de 94 (34,2%) indivíduos realizavam terapia espiritual com predominância da oração, passes, água fluidificada e promessa. Houve nível adequado/satisfatório (escores entre 50 e 70) da qualidade de vida e das funções avaliadas

The objective was to identify the use of integrative, spiritual practices and to evaluate the quality of life related to the health of adult cancer patients during the chemotherapy treatment. Quantitative and cross-sectional research conducted with 275 patients during chemotherapy at a hospital in Minas Gerais. Instruments used: Sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core30 (QLQ-C30) with data analysis by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (for Windows). Most of the interviewees were women, between 40 and 79 years old, married, retired, with low education level and low income. The most prevalent cancers were colorectal, breast and stomach. Only 13 (4.9%) patients used some integrative practice such as phytotherapy, homeopathy, meditation, floral and acupuncture. About 94 (34.2%) individuals performed spiritual therapy with predominance of prayer, passes, fluidized water and promise. There was an adequate/satisfactory level (scores between 50 and 70) of quality of life and functions evaluated.

Denfing terapia coadyuvante en casos Covid-19, Ecuador 2020 / Denfing adjuvant therapy in Covid-19 cases, Ecuador 2020

Ancestralmente, el ser humano ha aplicado diferentes terapias tradicionales, alternativas y/o complementarias para mantener su estado de salud en óptimas condiciones. La Medicina Homeopática como Medicina Alternativa y Complementaria, ha sido utilizada por la humanidad como tratamiento complementario a la medicina alopática en la cura de enfermedades epidémicas (Gripe Española 1918, Cólera 1830, en Benín Oeste de África contra la malaria logrando que el 56% de la población no sufriera los efectos adversos de esa enfermedad). En la actualidad, la humanidad atraviesa la pandemia Covid-19, ante la cual no se dispone de una cura definitiva, siendoel Denfingunaterapiahomeopáticacoadyuvante emergentepara restaurar la salud en pacientes Covid-19, por lo que este estudio se planteó valorar el Denfingcomo terapia coadyuvante en casos Covid-19, Ecuador 2020. La muestraestuvorepresentada por diez (10) casos voluntarios con clínica sugestiva de Covid-19 con preinscripción de aislamiento domiciliario, a quienes, a partir de su sintomatología clínica-epidemiológica, se les prescribió ingerir de 20 gotas cada hora por 7 días y durante la segunda semana la dosis se distancia a 20 gotas cada 2 horas. Mostrándose en un promedio de 13,5 días la recuperación plena de los pacientes en un 95,68%, no presentando complicaciones asociadas a su comorbilidad (HTA Controlada y Diabetes). En conclusión, se considera que el Denfing como terapia homeopática es coadyuvante para la recuperación integral de la salud de los pacientes Covid-19, por lo que se debeseguir impulsando, motivando la investigación de la triada Homeopatía-Denfing-Covid-19(AU)

Ancestrally, the human being has applied different traditional, alternative and / or complementary the rapiestomainta in their state of health in optimal conditions. Homeopathic Medicine as Alternative and Complementary Medicine has been used by humanity as a complementary treat ment to all opathic medicine in the cure of epidemic diseases (Spanish Flu 1918, Cholera 1830, in West Benin of Africa against malaria, achieving that 56% of the population did not suffer the adverse effects of this disease). Currently, humanity is going through the Covid-19 pandemic, in the face of which there is no definitive cure, Denfing being an emerging adjuvant homeopathic the rapyt or estore health in Covid-19 patients, so in this study it was proposed to assess the Denfing as adjuvant the rapy in Covid-19 cases, Ecuador 2020. The sample was represented by ten (10) voluntary cases with symptoms suggestive of Covid-19 with pre-registration of home isolation, who, based on their clinical-epidemiological symptoms, were prescribed to ingest 20 dropse very hour for 7 days and during the second week the dose is spaced 20 drops every 2 hours. With an average of 13.5 days showing full recovery of the patients in 95.68%, not presenting complications as sociated with their comorbidity (Controlled HT and Diabetes). In conclusion, it is considered that Denfing as homeopathic therapy is anadjunct for the comprehensive recovery of the health of Covid-19 patients, so its hould continue to be promoted, motivating the investigation of the Homeopathy-Denfing-Covid-19 triad(AU)

The frontier of modern Western medicine in Nepal.

Using the concepts frontier and interface the introduction and spreading of modern Western medicine in Nepal and its relations to other medical systems are described and analyzed. Medical systems do not prevail in the same degree in all places; we may call the geographic areas of concentration the core areas or center(s) of medical systems and the remaining areas their periphery. The frontier of a medical system is defined as that part of the periphery where the presence of the system is increasing. The place of the frontier, its width and the forms in which a medical system appears at its frontier are determined by both internal dynamics and contextual factors. In non-socialist countries like Nepal the dynamics of modern Western medicine are characterized by three tendencies: centralization, expansiveness and a commercial and capitalist character. Some important contextual factors which have been shaping the frontier in Nepal are: migration, including tourism, labor-migration and trade; the role of foreign aid and geographical conditions. The situation at the frontier has an important influence on the nature of the interface between modern Western medicine and other medical systems. In the article Faith-healing, Ayurvedic medicine, Homeopathy and Tibetan medicine are described briefly and the interface between them and modern Western medicine is looked into.

Complementary and alternative therapies: what is their place in the management of chronic pain?

Nurses have used complementary therapies for many years to relieve anxiety, promote comfort, and reduce or alleviate pain. The therapies described in this article are examples of the many therapies available for nurses to consider when planning care for patients with chronic pain. The increasing body of scientific knowledge is providing more guidance about the efficacy of specific therapies. As with all interventions, ongoing evaluation about the effectiveness of a therapy for each patient is an important component of quality nursing care. Complementary therapies provide an avenue for nurses to be autonomous in furthering the relief of chronic pain, as many of these therapies fall within the domain of nursing. Incorporating selected therapies into the plan of care provides multiple opportunities for nurses to demonstrate caring, a premier characteristic of nursing. A number of the complementary therapies, such as journaling, hand massage, and imagery, can be taught to patients and their families, thus promoting self-care. Anecdotal evidence and findings from numerous smaller studies provide some support for the use of many complementary therapies to manage chronic pain or their use as adjuncts in the treatment regimen. Still, the nurse must weigh the risks and benefits before suggesting a therapy to a patient. Evaluating the effectiveness of the complementary therapy to promote comfort in patients with chronic pain is essential. Obtaining this information is not only critical to the care of a particular patient, but these data will assist nurses in learning more about specific therapies. Most importantly, nurses need to pursue research to further the scientific basis for many of the complementary therapies.

Pronósticos en homeopatía: de Hahnemann a Kent / Prognosis in homeopathy: from Hahnemann to Kent

Después de toda prescripción homeopática efectiva, se observan cambios en el estado de salud del individuo que pueden y deben orientar al clínico homeópata en la evaluación de la evolución y conducción del caso. Sistematizados por James Tyler Kent, los pronósticos homeopáticos también se describen en su mayoría en los escritos de Samuel Hahnemann. Este trabajo busca reunir, de forma didáctica y sistemática, los conceptos y las opiniones de ambos autores, evidenciando las concordancias y las discordancias en relación al tema referido, que pueden inducir a errores doctrinales relevantes si se mezclan indistintamente. Esperamos que este modelo de estudio de los pronósticos en Homeopatía, producto de largos debates y discusiones, pueda ser utilizado en la enseñanza y en la clínica homeopática de los demás colegas. (AU)

Homeopatia: formas de preparação dos medicamentos / Homeopathy: ways to prepare the medicine

A partir das colocações feitas pelo Dr. Pedro Mintz, em artigo intitulado "Dinamização em pressão ou vácuo relativo" (Revista de Homeopatia 172:26), gostaríamos de discutir alguns pontos. A busca de novas formas e novos caminhos para se obter o que Hahnemann classificou como cura é elogiável sob todos os aspectos. São muitos os caminhos que hoje se pesquisam, tendo o autor colocado mais um que, certamente, merecerá um estudo criterioso para se chegar às soluções que ele busca.

Homeopatia: o que os médicos precisam saber sobre esta especialidade médica / Homeopathy: what doctors need to know about this medical specialty

O texto busca esclarecer à classe médica as peculiaridades da homeopatia que, apesar de fazer parte do rol das especialidades médicas brasileiras desde 1980, não é ensinada na maioria das faculdades de medicina. Associada a essa lacuna na educação dos estudantes de medicina, que se reflete na desinformação e desconhecimento dos futuros médicos, a aplicação de pressupostos distintos dos propagados pela ciência hegemônica contribui para a disseminação de preconceitos arraigados na cultura médica, afastando graduandos e graduados do aprendizado de uma terapia bissecular que deveria fazer parte do arsenal terapêutico vigente. Empregando um princípio de cura que estimula o organismo a reagir contra seus próprios distúrbios e valorizando a individualidade enferma em seus múltiplos aspectos, o método homeopático de tratamento favorece a relação médico-paciente e estimula o raciocínio holístico na compreensão do complexo fenômeno do adoecimento humano, propiciando uma terapêutica de baixo custo, isenta de eventos adversos e que incrementa a resolutividade clínica das doenças crônicas em geral. Esta revisão narrativa da literatura foi desenvolvida com o intuito de correlacionar os pressupostos homeopáticos às evidências científicas que os fundamentam, realizando buscas eletrônicas nas bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS por meio de termos que descrevem suas linhas de pesquisa.

Agravación homeopática: una síntesis para la práctica / Homeopathic aggravation: a synthesis for practice

Después de un extenso estudio bibliográfico sobre el tema, convocamos al cuerpo docente de la Asociación Paulista de Homeopatía (APH, São Paulo, Brasil) para discutir el polémico tema de las "agravaciones homeopáticas" con el fin de uniformizar conceptos abordados a menudo de diversas formas por los autores clásicos. Del consenso alcanzado en este foro de debates surgió este material. Como fruto de este intercambio de conocimientos, hemos podido revisar y redimensionar concepciones arraigadas a la enseñanza y a la práctica clínica homeopática, algunas de ellas erróneas, produciendo un material de estudio más sintético y sistemático. Comparando los enfoques de Samuel Hahnemann y James Tyler Kent, analizamos el "mecanismo de acción de los medicamentos homeopáticos", los "tipos de agravaciones", la "relación de la agravación con la dosis y la potencia del medicamento homeopático", la "importancia de la ocurrencia de la agravación homeopática" y la "ocurrencia de la agravación del estado mental". Terminamos el estudio con la concepción de Pierre Schmidt sobre el tema. Al concluir este estudio, constatamos que algunos conceptos son abordados de diversas maneras por los autores analizados, exigiéndonos una diferenciación clara, para que podamos hablar el mismo lenguaje. Si no hacemos esta distinción, estaremos mezclando concepciones y significados diversos, y creando confusiones doctrinarias cuando vayamos a aplicarlas al acompañamiento y a la evolución del caso clínico (por ejemplo, en los pronósticos homeopáticos). (AU)

After a large bibliographic investigation about the subject, we invited the teaching body of the Associação Paulista de Homeopatia (APH, São Paulo, Brasil) to discuss the polemical theme about the "homeopathic aggravations" in order to render uniform the concepts approached, many times, in different ways by classic authors. This material arose from the consensus reached in this forum of debate. As a result of this exchange of knowledge we were able to resize and review concepts rooted in the homeopathic teaching and in the clinical practice, some of them erroneous, generating a more synthetic and methodical material of study. Comparing the approaches of Samuel Hahnemann and James Tyler Kent, we analyzed the "mechanism of action of homeopathic medicines", "types of aggravation", "relationship between aggravation, dose and potency of homeopathic medicine", "importance of occurrence of the homeopathic aggravation", and "occurrence of aggravation of the mental state". We completed the study with the conception of Pierre Schmidt on the subject. To conclude this study, we noticed that some concepts are approached in different ways by the analyzed authors, demanding us a clear differentiation, in order to be able to speak the same language. In case of not doing this distinction, we are mixing concepts and different meanings, and creating doctrinal confusions when we apply them in the follow-up and in the evolution of the clinical case (for example, in homeophatic prognosis). (au)