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1.
Actas urol. esp ; 47(6): 360-368, jul.- ago. 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-223183

RESUMO

Introducción El objetivo del estudio fue establecer posible relación entre los tratamientos con mitomicina-C (MMC) y bacilo de Calmette-Guérin (BCG) y la afectación en la calidad de vida. Material y métodos Estudio cuasiexperimental, prospectivo y longitudinal, recogiendo pacientes sometidos a tratamiento adyuvante en TVNMI. Se utilizaron los cuestionarios Short form-12 (SF-12) y Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) para medir la calidad de vida. Se compararon las puntuaciones de los cuestionarios entre casos con MMC y BCG antes de iniciar la inducción (M1), a las 4 semanas (M2) y a los dos meses (M3). Resultados Se recogieron 90 pacientes, 54 en el grupo de BCG y 36 en el de MMC. Se comprobó que los pacientes con BCG percibían peor calidad de vida física comparados con los de MMC en M2 (OR:2,59, p=0,046). Además, se hallaron cambios significativos en la calidad de vida urinaria de los pacientes en tratamiento con MMC entre los diferentes momentos temporales (puntuación del UDI-6: 33,33 en M1, 27,78 en M2 y 16,67 en M3, p=0,001). Conclusiones No existen diferencias en la calidad de vida urinaria entre los pacientes tratados con MMC y BCG. Los pacientes con MMC muestran una recuperación significativa de la calidad de vida urinaria a partir de la finalización de la inducción, que aumenta aún más a los dos meses de la misma. Además, los pacientes tratados con BCG presentan peor calidad de vida física a las 4 semanas de tratamiento que aquellos tratados con MMC (AU)


Introduction The objective of the study was to establish a possible relationship between mitomycin-C (MMC) and bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treatments and quality of life impairment. Material and methods Quasi-experimental, prospective, and longitudinal study including patients undergoing adjuvant treatment in NMIBC. The Short form-12 (SF-12) and Urogenital Distress Inventory-6 (UDI-6) questionnaires were used to measure quality of life. Questionnaire scores were compared between cases with MMC and BCG before induction (M1), at 4 weeks (M2) and at 2 months (M3). Results Of the 90 patients enrolled, 54 were in the BCG group and 36 in the MMC group. It was found that BCG patients had worse perceived physical quality of life compared to MMC patients in M2 (OR:2.59, p=0.046). In addition, significant changes were found in the urinary quality of life of patients on MMC treatment between the different time points (UDI-6 score: 33.33 in M1, 27.78 in M2 and 16.67 in M3, p=0.001). Conclusions There are no differences in urinary quality of life between patients treated with MMC and BCG. Patients with MMC show a significant recovery of urinary quality of life from the completion of the induction course, which becomes even more significant after 2 months. In addition, BCG-treated patients have worse physical quality of life after 4 weeks of treatment than those treated with MMC (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Mitomicina/administração & dosagem , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Qualidade de Vida , Administração Intravesical , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Longitudinais , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Actas urol. esp ; 47(2): 92-98, mar. 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-217259

RESUMO

Introducción Se realizó un metaanálisis para evaluar el efecto de la mitomicina intravesical en comparación con la gemcitabina en el tratamiento del cáncer de vejiga sin invasión muscular. Métodos Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática hasta noviembre de 2021 y 6 estudios incluyeron 389 sujetos con cáncer de vejiga no invasivo al músculo al inicio del estudio; 197 de ellos recibieron mitomicina intravesical y 192 gemcitabina intravesical. Se informó de las relaciones sobre el efecto de la mitomicina intravesical en comparación con la gemcitabina en el tratamiento del cáncer de vejiga no invasivo al músculo. Se calculó la odds ratio (OR) con intervalos de confianza (IC) del 95% para evaluar el efecto de la mitomicina en comparación con el de la gemcitabina intravesical en el tratamiento del cáncer de vejiga no invasivo mediante el método dicotómico con un modelo de efectos aleatorios o fijos. Resultados La mitomicina intravesical obtuvo tasas significativamente mayores de recidiva (OR: 2,41; IC 95%: 1,43-4,08; p=0,001) y de cistitis química (OR: 4,39; IC 95%: 2,27-8,51; p<0,001) en comparación con la gemcitabina intravesical en sujetos con cáncer de vejiga no invasivo. Sin embargo, la mitomicina intravesical no mostró diferencias significativas en su efecto sobre la hematuria (OR: 1,71; IC 95%: 0,68-4,33; p=0,26), reacciones cutáneas (OR, 2,04; IC 95%: 0,59-7,07; p=0,26) y daños en la función hepática y renal (OR, 1,96; IC 95%; 0,35-10,96; p=0,44) en comparación con la gemcitabina intravesical en sujetos con cáncer de vejiga no invasivo al músculo. Conclusiones La mitomicina intravesical tuvo tasas de recidiva y cistitis química significativamente mayores y no hubo diferencias significativas en su efecto sobre la hematuria, la reacción cutánea y el daño de la función hepática y renal en comparación con la gemcitabina intravesical en sujetos con cáncer de vejiga no invasivo al músculo. Se necesitan más estudios para validar estos resultados (AU)


Introduction We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of intravesical mitomycin compared with gemcitabine on the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Methods A systematic literature search up to November 2021 was done and 6 studies included 389 subjects with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer at the start of the study; 197 of them were provided with intravesical-mitomycin and 192 with intravesical gemcitabine. The studies reported the relationships about the effect of intravesical mitomycin compared with gemcitabine on the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the effect of intravesical mitomycin compared with gemcitabine on the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer using the dichotomous method with a random or fixed-effect model. Results Intravesical mitomycin had significantly higher recurrence rates (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.43-4.08, P=.001) and chemical cystitis (OR, 4.39; 95% CI, 2.27-8.51, P<.001) compared to intravesical gemcitabine in subjects with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. However, intravesical mitomycin had no significant difference in its effect on hematuria (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, .68-4.33, P=.26), skin reaction (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, .59-7.07, P=.26), and liver and kidney functions damage (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 0.35-10.96, P=.44) compared to intravesical gemcitabine in subjects with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Conclusions Intravesical mitomycin had significantly higher recurrence rates and chemical cystitis and no significant difference in its effect on hematuria, skin reaction, and liver and kidney functions damage compared to intravesical gemcitabine in subjects with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Further studies are required to validate these findings (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Mitomicina/administração & dosagem , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Resultado do Tratamento , Administração Intravesical
3.
Arch. Soc. Esp. Oftalmol ; 97(6): 337-339, jun. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-208913

RESUMO

Se presenta un caso atípico de epiteliopatía progresiva en ondas consecutiva a tratamiento tópico de una neoplasia intraepitelial conjuntival en 360°. Se usaron colirios de mitomicina (0,2mg/ml) e interferón (1MUI/ml). Presentación atípica con foco limbar principal migratorio, y no claramente delimitado en su sitio horario a través de su evolución. Tratado con flurometolona y lágrimas artificiales, con resultado de resolución completa (AU)


An atypical Advancing Wavelike Epitheliopathy case, consecutive to topical treatment for a 360° Conjunctival Intraepithelial Neoplasia, is presented. Mitomycin (0.2mg/ml) and interferon (1MUI/ml) drops were used. An atypical presentation, with migrating limbal focus, non clearly delimited in its hourly site through its evolution. Treated with flurometholone drops plus artificial tears, working to complete resolution (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma in Situ/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Túnica Conjuntiva/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Túnica Conjuntiva/complicações , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Interferons/administração & dosagem , Mitomicina/administração & dosagem , Doenças da Córnea/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Tópica
4.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 23(6): 1220-1237, jun. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-221343

RESUMO

Purpose The application of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEFs) could be an effective therapeutic strategy for peritoneal metastasis (PM) from colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the sensitivity of CT-26 CRC cells to nsPEFs in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, and to observe the subsequent in vivo histologic response. Methods In vitro cellular assays were performed to assess the effects of exposure to 1, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 10 ns pulses in a cuvette or bi-electrode system at 10 and 200 Hz. nsPEF treatment was applied alone or in combination with oxaliplatin and mitomycin. Cell death was detected by flow cytometry, and permeabilization and intracellular calcium levels by fluorescent confocal microscopy after treatment. A mouse model of PM was used to investigate the effects of in vivo exposure to pulses delivered using a bi-electrode system; morphological changes in mitochondria were assessed by electron microscopy. Fibrosis was measured by multiphoton microscopy, while the histological response (HR; hematoxylin–eosin–safran stain), proliferation (KI67, DAPI), and expression of immunological factors (CD3, CD4, CD8) were evaluated by classic histology. Results 10 ns PEFs exerted a dose-dependent effect on CT-26 cells in vitro and in vivo, by inducing cell death and altering mitochondrial morphology after plasma membrane permeabilization. In vivo results indicated a specific CD8+ T cell immune response, together with a strong HR according to the Peritoneal Regression Grading Score (PRGS). Conclusions The effects of nsPEFs on CT-26 were confirmed in a mouse model of CRC with PM (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Morte Celular , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Mitomicina/uso terapêutico , Oxaliplatina/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Peritoneais/secundário , Neoplasias Peritoneais/terapia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Neoplasias Peritoneais/patologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Fatores de Tempo
5.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 23(4): 902-910, abr. 2021. graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-220927

RESUMO

Background Chemoresistance is the major cause of therapeutic failure in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this work, we investigated the molecular mechanism for the development of TNBC chemoresistance. Methods mRNA and protein levels of ST8SIA1 were analyzed in chemosensitive and chemoresistant TNBC cells and tissues. Proliferation and survival assays were performed to determine the role of ST8SIA1 in TNBC chemoresistance. Results We found that ST8SIA1 mRNA and protein levels were increased in multiple TNBC cell lines after prolonged exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs. Consistently, retrospective study demonstrated that the majority of TNBC patients who developed chemoresistance displayed upregulation of ST8SIA1. We further found that chemoresistant TNBC cells were more sensitive than chemosensitive cells to ST8SIA1 inhibition in decreasing growth and viability. Consistently, ST8SIA1 inhibition augmented the efficacy of chemotherapy in TNBC cells. Mechanism studies demonstrated that ST8SIA1 inhibition led to suppression of FAK/Akt/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways. Conclusions These findings provide an explanation for the heterogeneity of chemotherapy responses across TNBC individuals and reveal the supportive roles of ST8SIA1in TNBC chemoresistance (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/tratamento farmacológico , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/metabolismo , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Proliferação de Células , Linhagem Celular Tumoral
9.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 54(12): 619-624, dic. 2018. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-174928

RESUMO

Objective: To evaluate the role of ultrasonography (USG) in the diagnosis of bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity (BT). Material and methods: The study included patients with suspected BT during treatment with bleomycin due to various oncologic diseases between June 2015 and May 2017. The patients initially underwent clinical and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) examinations and pulmonary function tests (PFT)-diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), followed by registration of USG findings-number of comet tail artifact (CTA) images by a different pulmonologist. We compared the findings from USG, HRCT, and PFT-DLCO tests between BT and non-BT groups. With the diagnosis based on clinical-radiologic and PFT-DLCO assessments taken as the gold standard, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of the USG outcomes for diagnosis of BT. Results: The study included a total of 30 patients. Nine patients were diagnosed as having BT according to their clinical and radiologic findings and PFT-DLCO measurements. The mean number of CTA images was 68.7 ± 22 in patients with BT vs 28.2 ± 9.3 in those without BT (P < .001). The difference in CTA images between the patients with and without ground glass density was statistically significant (28.3 ± 9.5 and 64.6 ± 24.5, respectively, P < .001). In patients with BT, there was a negative correlation between the number of CTAs and DLCO% and FVC% values (P = .004; P = .016). USG had a sensitivity of 100%, and a specificity of 95% diagnosing BT in selected patients. Conclusion: In bleomycin-induced toxicity, USG findings are correlated with HRCT and PFT-DLCO findings, with a remarkably increased number of CTAs in BT. Thoracic USG examination is a diagnostic tool with a high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing BT


Objetivo: evaluar el papel de la ecografía en el diagnóstico de la toxicidad pulmonar inducida por bleomicina (BT). Materiales y métodos: se incluyeron pacientes con sospecha de BT durante el tratamiento con bleomicina por enfermedad oncológica entre junio de 2015 y mayo de 2017. Se les sometió a evaluación clínica inicial y tomografía computarizada de alta resolución (TACAR), así como a pruebas de función pulmonar (PFP, prueba de difusión de monóxido de carbono (DLCO)). Se recopilaron los hallazgos ecográficos obtenidos por otro neumólogo (número de imágenes de artefacto en cola de cometa (CTA)). Se compararon los resultados de las ecografías, TACAR y PFP-DLCO entre los grupos con y sin BT. Con el diagnóstico basado en las valoraciones clínico-radiológicas y de PFP-DLCO como gold standard, se determinó la sensibilidad y especificidad de la ecografía para diagnosticar BT. Resultados: Se incluyeron 30 pacientes. Se diagnosticó BT en nueve por los hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos y de PFP-DLCO. El número medio de imágenes CTA fue 68.7 ± 22 en pacientes con BT vs. 28.2 ± 9.3 en aquellos sin BT (p < 0.001). La diferencia en imágenes CTA entre los pacientes con y sin densidades en vidrio esmerilado fue estadísticamente significativa (28.3 ± 9.5 and 64.6 ± 24.5, respectivamente, p < 0.001). En pacientes con BT, se observó una correlación negativa entre el número de CTA y los valores porcentuales de DLCO y de CVF (p = 0.004; p = 0.016). La USG tuvo una sensibilidad del 100% y una especificidad del 95% para el diagnóstico de la BT en pacientes seleccionados. Conclusión: En la toxicidad inducida por bleomicina, los hallazgos de US se correlacionan con los de TACAR y PFT-DLCO, con un incremento remarcable en el número de CTA en BT. La exploración torácica mediante USG es una herramienta de diagnóstico con elevada sensibilidad y especificidad para el diagnóstico de la BT


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Bleomicina/toxicidade , Lesão Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Lesão Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Transversais , Ultrassonografia
10.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 71(9): 783-793, nov. 2018. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-178757

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Mitomycin-c (MMC) is the most used intravesical adjuvant agent in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer to prevent recurrence. However, a consensus on about appropriate dosage and treatment schedule of MMC is lacking. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate the most appropriate MMC dosage using an in vitro model of high-grade human bladder cancer. METHODS: UMUC-3 cells, a model for high-grade bladder cancer, were exposed to MMC in different time courses to assess its toxicological effects. XTT cell proliferation kit was used to evaluate the effect of MMC on the proliferation of UMUC-3 cell line. Gene expression analysis for the MDR1, BCL2 and ANXA5 genes was performed by Real-time PCR and flow cytometry analysis were conducted to evaluate the cell death mechanism and acquired resistance after MMC exposure. An ANXA5 kit was used to detect apoptotic cells, and 7-AAD was used to detect necrotic cells. RESULTS: Cell proliferation was prevented to a large extent (IC50, 0.175-0.081 mg/mL) and cytotoxic effects were observed after 5 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL MMC administrations for 1 and 2-h, after the 4th and 2nd dose cycles, respectively. Moreover, cell death was observed at 5 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL MMC applications for 1-h and 2-h by the sixth and second week, respectively. Flow cytometry exhibits increased subpopulation of drugextruding UMUC-3 cells after a single dose of MMC for 1-h. MMC did not increase the number of apoptotic or necrotic cells; yet, MDR1 (multiple drug resistance) and ANXA5 (apoptotic) expression levels were increased and BCL2 (anti-apoptotic) expression was decreased. Limitations: In-vitro nature of the study and working with only one cell culture are inherit limitations of this project. CONCLUSION: A single dose of MMC administration for 1 or 2-h results in drug-resistance. If maintenance treatment is administered for one hour, it should be continued throughout a 6-week period


OBJETIVO: La Mitomicina C (MMC) es el agente intravesical adyuvante más utilizado para prevenir recurrencias en cáncer vesical no musculo invasivo.Sin embargo, no hay un consenso sobre la dosis y el régimen terapeutico apropiado. Buscamos evaluar la dosis más apropiada de MMC utilizando un modelo in vitro de cáncer vesical humano de alto grado. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una exposición de las células UMUC 3, un modelo de cáncer vesical de alto grado, a MMC en diferentes regímenes temporales para evaluar sus efectos toxicológicos. Se utilizó el kit de proliferación celular XTT para evaluar el efecto de la MMC sobre la proliferación de la línea celular UMUC-3. Se analizó la expresión génica de los genes MDR1, BCL2 y ANXA5 mediante PCR a tiempo real y análisis de citometría de flujo para evaluar el mecanismo de muerte celular y resistencia adquirida después de la exposición a MMC. Se utilizó un Kit ANXA5 para detectar células apoptóticas, y AAD-7 para detectar células necróticas. RESULTADOS: La proliferación celular fue impedida en gran medida (IC50, 0,175-0,081 mg/mL) y se observaron efectos citotóxicos con la administración de 5 μg/mL y 10 mig/mL de MMC durante 1 y 2 horas después del 4º y 2º ciclo de dosis, respectivamente. Además, se observó muerte celular con la aplicación de MMC en dosis de 5 mig/mL y 10 μg/mL durante 1 y 2 horas en la sexta y segunda semana, respectivamente. La citometría de flujo mostró aumento de la subpoblación de células UMUC-3 que extruían el fármaco después de una dosis única durante 1 hora. La MMC no aumentó el número de células apoptóticas o necróticas; pero, los niveles de expresión de MDR1 (Múltiple drug resistance- resistencia múltiple a fármacos) y ANXA5 (apoptóticas) aumentaron y los de BCL2 (anti-apoptóticas) disminuyeron. Limitaciones: La naturaleza in-vitro del estudio y trabajar sólo con un cultivo celular son limitaciones esenciales de este proyecto. CONCLUSIONES: La administración de una dosis única de MMC durante 1-2 horas da como resultado resistencia a fármacos. El tratamiento debe continuarse durante un periodo de 6 semanas


Assuntos
Humanos , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Mitomicina/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Proliferação de Células , Fatores de Tempo , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Resultado do Tratamento
11.
Farm. hosp ; 42(5): 204-211, sept.-oct. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-174845

RESUMO

Objetivo: Desarrollar la evaluación económica del fármaco olaratumab en el tratamiento del sarcoma de partes blandas. Método: Los datos se analizaron siguiendo las recomendaciones contenidas en el programa MADRE del modelo de informe GENESIS-SEFH. Resultados: Los resultados de supervivencia libre de progresión y supervivencia global publicados en el ensayo clínico pivotal: Tap WD y cols. (2016) fueron: la ganancia en supervivencia libre de progresión (variable principal) en términos absolutos fue de 2,5 meses, HR = 0,672; IC95% (0,442-1,021). La ganancia absoluta en supervivencia global (variable secundaria) fue de 11,8 meses, HR = 0,463; IC95% (0,301-0,710). Se realizó un análisis coste-efectividad considerando dos escenarios; escenario uno: sin aprovechamiento de viales; y escenario dos: sin aprovechamiento de viales y asociando costes no farmacológicos. En ambos casos se consideraron los costes de adquisición de los medicamentos y los datos de eficacia del ensayo clínico pivotal. En el primero determinamos una ratio coste-efectividad-incremental de 28.443,81 euros/mes libre de progresión ganado y 72.560,74 euros/año de vida ganado. En el segundo obtenemos una ratio coste-efectividad incremental de 30.879,79 euros libre de progresión ganado y 78.774,99 euros/año de vida ganado. El impacto económico estatal, por tanto, se situaría entre 61.759.592 millones de euros y 92.639.388 de euros, considerando una población diana de 800-1.200 pacientes a nivel nacional. Conclusiones: Olaratumab es un fármaco que aporta un beneficio significativo en la supervivencia global, no así en la supervivencia libre de progresión. Para poder utilizarse en el sarcoma de partes blancas y que resultase costeefectivo, el coste de adquisición del vial de 500 mg debería situarse entre 101,91 y 506,54 euros y el del vial de 190 mg entre 39,31 y 195,37 euros


Objective: The economic evaluation of the drug olaratumab is carried out in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. Method: The data were analyzed following the recommendations contained in the MADRE program of the GENESIS-SEFH report model. Results: Progression free survival and overall survival results published in the pivotal clinical trial; Tap WD et al. (2016) were improvement of 2.5 months in median progression free survival (primary endpoint) HR = 0.672; IC95% (0.442-1.021) and gain of 11.8 months in median OS (secondary endpoint) HR = 0.463; IC95% (0.301-0.710). A cost-effectiveness analyses was performed considering 2 scenarios; scenario 1: with use of whole vials and scenario 2: use of whole vials and associating non-pharmacological costs (day hospital visits, mucositis, neutropenia and dexrazoxane use). In both cases we considered the cost of drugs and the efficacy data of the pivotal clinical trial. In Scenario 1, we would have an Incremental-Cost-Effectiveness-Ratio of €28,443.81/ month of progression-free survival and €72,560.74 per year of life gained and in scenario 2 we would have an incremental-cost-effectivenessratio of €30,879.79/ progression-free survival and €78,774.99/ year of life gained. The budgetary impact of this drug would range from €61,759,592 to €92,639,388 estimated to be 800 to 1,200 patients likely to receive treatment in Spain. Conclusions: Olaratumab is a drug that provides a significant benefit in overall survival but not in progression free survival. To be used in soft tissue sarcoma and to be cost-effective, the acquisition cost of the 500 mg vial should be between €101.91 and €506.54 and that of the 190 mg vial between €39.31 and €195.37


Assuntos
Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/tratamento farmacológico , Sarcoma/tratamento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/economia , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/economia , Análise Custo-Benefício/métodos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Doxorrubicina
12.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 71(4): 400-408, mayo 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-178417

RESUMO

En un esfuerzo por disminuir las tasas de recurrencia y progresión en el cáncer de vejiga no músculo- invasivo (NMIBC), la resección transuretral de un tumor de vejiga es seguida por instilaciones intravesicales usando Mitomicina-C (MMC) y Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). A pesar de estas modalidades de tratamiento adyuvante, las tasas de recurrencia y progresión siguen siendo altas. Debido a estas limitaciones de la terapia estándar actual y la escasez de BCG, hay una necesidad de desarrollar formas alternativas de tratamiento para NMIBC. La MMC intravesical combinada con hipertermia, especialmente la quimiohipertermia (QHT) inducida por RF que se ha investigado de manera más exhaustiva en los últimos 20 años, es una de estas alternativas para NMIBC de riesgo intermedio y alto. Existen varias técnicas y dispositivos diferentes para generar hipertermia en la pared de la vejiga y elevar las temperaturas hasta 40,5-44,00C. La hipertermia puede ser el resultado de ondas de ultrasonido, conducción térmica directa o campos electromagnéticos. En esta revisión se hará una descripción general de los sistemas de hipertermia con respecto a sus aspectos técnicos, los resultados del tratamiento y los eventos adversos (EA). En pacientes que fracasan con el tratamiento estándar que no están en forma o no desean someterse a cirugía, se debe considerar la QHT inducida por RF. Además de QHT, hay más formas de tratamiento actualmente en investigación en NMIBC como la Administración electromotriz (EMDA) y quimioterapia intravesical neoadyuvante, estas requieren más ensayos clínicos para determinar la selección y la eficiencia del paciente


In an effort to decrease recurrence and progression rates in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), transurethral resection of a bladder tumor is followed by intravesical instillations using Mitomycin-C (MMC) and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). In spite of these adjuvant treatment modalities, recurrence and progression rates remain high. Because of these limitations of current standard therapy and the shortage of BCG, there is a search for alternative forms of treatment in NMIBC. Intravesical MMC combined with hyperthermia, especially RF-induced QHT being most extensively investigated in the past 20 years, is one of these alternatives for intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC. There are several different techniques and devices to create hyperthermia of the bladder wall raising temperatures up to 40.5-44.0 º C. Hyperthermia can be the result of ultrasound waves, direct thermal conduction, or electromagnetic fields. An overview of hyperthermia systems concerning their technical aspects, treatment outcomes and adverse events (AE’s) will be described in this review. In patients failing standard treatment who are not fit or unwilling to undergo surgery, RF-induced QHT should be considered. Besides QHT, there are more forms of treatment currently being investigated in NMIBC like EMDA and neoadjuvant intravesical chemotherapy, these require more clinical trials to determine patient selection and efficiency


Assuntos
Humanos , Hipertermia Induzida , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/terapia , Administração Intravesical , Terapia Combinada , Invasividade Neoplásica , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Previsões
13.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 71(4): 438-446, mayo 2018. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-178421

RESUMO

La quimiohipertermia (QHT) neoadyuvante con MMC ha demostrado su eficacia en el CVNMI tanto a nivel de respuestas completas en el momento de la RTU vesical como en la reducción de recidivas tras varios años de seguimiento. Presentamos nuestra experiencia con este tratamiento. Métodos: Realizamos un estudio de casos y controles de un grupo de 104 pacientes con CVNMI de riesgo medio-alto. De ellos, 43 recibieron QHT intravesical neoadyuvante recirculante y 61 recibieron MMC adyuvante estándar instilada de forma pasiva. Los pacientes fueron seguidos 43 meses (3 - 108) evaluándose su eficacia clínica y efectos adversos en ambos grupos. Resultados: Tras la QHT neoadyuvante, 27 pacientes mostraron RC (63%), 13 mostraron RP (30,2%) y los 3 mostraron NR (6,9%). La recurrencia a 5 años tras QHT fue del 16,2% y del 26,2% tras la MMC pasiva. Ningún paciente del grupo de QHT presentó progresión tumoral frente a un 5% de progresiones en el grupo tratado con MMC a temperatura ambiente y un 1,6% de exitus por enfermedad metastásica. Un 94% de las dosis de QHT pudieron ser administradas frente a un 97 en el grupo de MMC pasiva. En el grupo de QHT aparecieron un 60,5% de EA grado 1-2 frente al 49% en el en el grupo de MMC pasiva (p<0,4). Igualmente, un 9,3% del grupo de QHT presentaron EA grado 3 frente a un 6,5% en la MMC pasiva (p<0,6). Conclusiones: La QHT neoadyuvante recirculante consigue una reducción de las recidivas tumorales tras 4 años de tratamiento con un nivel de EA similar al de la instilación pasiva de MMC


Neoadjuvant chemohyperthermia (QHT) with MMC has demonstrated its efficacy in NMIBC both in the level of complete response at the time of TURBT and reduction of recurrences after several years of follow up. We present our experience with this treatment. METHODS: We performed a case control study in a group of 104 patients with middle-high risk NMIBC. 43 of them received neoadjuvant recirculated intravesical QHT and 61 passively administered standard adjuvant MMC. Patient follow up was 43 months (3 - 108) evaluating their clinical efficacy and adverse effects in both groups. Results: After neoadjuvant QHT, 27 atients showed CR (63%), 13 PR (30.2%) and 3 NR (6.9%). 5 year recurrence rate after QHT passive MMC were 16.2% and 26.2% respectively. No patient in the QHT group presented tumor progression compared to 5% progressions in the group treated with MMC at room temperature and 1.6% deaths due to metastatic disease. 94% QHT programmed doses were administered in comparison to 97% in the group of standard MMC. In the QHT group there were 60.5% grade 1-2 AEs in comparison with 49% in the standard MMC group (p<0.4). Likewise, 9.3% cases in the QHT group presented Grade 3 AEs versus 6.5% in the standard MMC (p<0,06). Conclusions: Recirculating neoadjuvant QHT achieves a reduction in tumor recurrence after 4 years with a similar AE rate in comparison with passive instillation of MMC


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Hipertermia Induzida , Mitomicina/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/terapia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
14.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 71(4): 453-457, mayo 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-178423

RESUMO

El Bacilo de Calmette-Guerin (BCG) administrado por vía intravesical es una terapia eficaz en el Cáncer Vesical no Músculo Invasivo (CVNMI), pero presenta limitaciones en términos de recurrencia y toxicidad. Desde hace años se han publicado muchos artículos de series de pacientes donde se ha probado la terapia secuencial entre BCG y Mitomicina C (MMC). En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de los datos aportados por esos artículos con la finalidad de determinar la seguridad y eficacia de la combinación, y en qué grupo de pacientes estaría indicada. Muchos estudios indican que la terapia de combinación frente a la monoterapia con BCG o MMC no causó más toxicidades y mejoró el intervalo libre de enfermedad con disminución de la progresión tumoral. Por lo tanto, la combinación de tratamiento con MMC y BCG parece ser segura, mientras que aún se necesitan más estudios clínicos para una evaluación posterior


Bacilus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) administered intravesical is an effective therapy in non muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), but it presents limitations regarding recurrence and toxicity. For years, many case series have been published where sequential therapy with BCG and Mitomycin C (MMC) was tried. In this article, we perform a review of the data supplied by these articles with the aim to determine the safety and efficacy of combination, and what is the group of patients it should be indicated. Many studies show that combination therapy did not cause more toxicity and improved the interval free of disease with decrease of tumor progression compared to BCG or MMC monotherapy. Therefore, a combination of MMC and BCG therapy seems safe, but more clinical studies are required for a future evaluation


Assuntos
Humanos , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Vacina BCG/administração & dosagem , Mitomicina/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Terapia Combinada , Invasividade Neoplásica , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia
15.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 71(4): 376-383, mayo 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-178424

RESUMO

La Mitomicina C es un agente antibiótico antitumoral alquilante que inhibe la síntesis de ADN ampliamente utilizado como agente quimioterápico intravesical en el tratamiento adyuvante del carcinoma urotelial. Su eficacia clínica en el contexto de la instilación única precoz perioperatoria fue demostrada por Tolley et al. En 1988. Desde entonces, múltiples ensayos clínicos y 4 meta-análisis han avalado su utilización con un nivel de evidencia 1a. El objetivo de este capítulo será la revisión meticulosa y actualizada del uso de la MMC en el contexto de la instilación única precoz al tiempo de la RTU vesical, la evidencia clínica disponible, las recomendaciones de las guías clínicas internacionales más relevantes, sus complicaciones y las potenciales maniobras de optimización de su uso


Mitomycin C is an antitumor alkylating antibiotic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis extensively used as intravesical chemotherapy agent in the adjuvant treatment of urothelial carcinoma. Its clinical efficacy is the context of single early postoperative instillation was demonstrated by Toley et al. in 1988. Since then, multiple clinical trials and 4 metanalyseshave endorsed its use with level 1a evidence. The objective of this chapter is to perform a comprehensive updated review on the use of MMC in the context of single early instillation at the time of TURBT, the available clinical evidence, most relevant recommendations in the international clinical guidelines, its complications andpotential maneuvers for the optimization of its use


Assuntos
Humanos , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/tratamento farmacológico , Mitomicina/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Intravesical , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/cirurgia , Terapia Combinada , Cistectomia/métodos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Fatores de Tempo , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia
16.
J. physiol. biochem ; 74(1): 171-177, feb. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-178929

RESUMO

The infusion tea extracted from the leaves of the plant Camellia sinensis can be used in the prevention of cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and aging, while adriamycin (ADR) is an anticancer drug that increases oxidative stress in cells. The present study evaluated the protective effect of the long-term consumption of white tea used at two different doses against the oxidative stress produced by aging and acute oxidation caused ADR treatment. At wearing, rats received distilled water (control), or 0.15 (dose 1) or 0.45 mg (dose 2) of solid tea extract/kilogram body weight in their drink. At 12 months, about half of the rats of each group were injected with a bolus of ADR, and six rats of the control group with an injection of saline solution and sacrificed. The rest of the animals continued in their cages until 24 months of age, when they were sacrificed. Lipid and protein oxidation of liver and brain microsomes was analyzed by measuring hydroperoxide and carbonyl levels. White tea consumption for 12 months at a non-pharmacological dose was seen to reverse the oxidative damage caused by ADR in both liver and brain, while the consumption of white tea for 20 months at a non-pharmacological dose had no effect on carbonyl or hydroperoxides in these tissues. The long-term ingestion of white tea protected tissues from acute oxidative stress but did not affect chronic oxidative agents such aging


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Ratos , Envelhecimento , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Camellia sinensis/química , Cérebro , Suplementos Nutricionais/análise , Estresse Oxidativo , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Folhas de Planta/química , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Cérebro/metabolismo , Microssomos Hepáticos , Pigmentos Biológicos/análise , Extratos Vegetais/química , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Carbonilação Proteica
18.
Rev. senol. patol. mamar. (Ed. impr.) ; 25(4): 147-151, oct.-dic. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-108019

RESUMO

El congreso más importante a nivel mundial sobre cáncer es el de la American Society of Clinical Oncology, que tiene carácter anual y en el que se presentan las novedades más relevantes en los diferentes campos de la Oncología. Respecto al cáncer de mama, la principal novedad ha sido en la primera línea de tratamiento en pacientes HER2 con la llegada del pertuzumab. A continuación, resumimos lo más destacado que se ha presentado en relación con el cáncer de mama(AU)


The most important world congress on cancer is the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), where the most notable findings in the distinct fields of oncology are presented. This year, the main novelty in breast cancer was related to the first line treatment of metastatic HER2 disease with the development of pertuzumab. This article summarizes the innovations presented in the field of breast carcinoma(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Sociedades Médicas/organização & administração , Sociedades Médicas/normas , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/prevenção & controle , Terapia Neoadjuvante/tendências , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Prognóstico , Epirubicina/uso terapêutico
20.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 13(10): 742-746, oct. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-125930

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE Previous research in a rat glioma model has shown that the local intratumoral application of polymerbased drug-eluting beads (DEBs) loaded with doxorubicin or irinotecan suppress tumour growth and prolong survival. For translation into a clinical setting, the present experiment investigates in the healthy cat brain the local and systemic toxicity of a multiple injection shot technique. METHODS Three injection shots were placed, each at a 1 cm distance in the frontal lobe. The DEBs were suspended in an aqueous alginate excipient solution, which becomes subject to a sol-gel transition when injected into the Ca(2+)- rich brain tissue environment. Systemic and local side effects were monitored over a period of two weeks. Injection sites were histologically investigated. RESULTS Gelling of the alginate results in the permanent immobilisation of the microspheres at the implantation site. A distinct local cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin was found with intracerebral and intraventricular haemorrhages, and signs of brain tissue necrosis. In cats injected with irinotecan DEBs, such local adverse side effects did not occur. No signs of systemic toxicity were found with both chemotherapeutics. DISCUSSION We conclude that the multiple injection shot technique with irinotecan DEBs meets feasibility criteria and safety requirements for a clinical application (AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Gatos , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/uso terapêutico , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Glioma/tratamento farmacológico , Microesferas , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Camptotecina/uso terapêutico , Glioma/patologia , Bombas de Infusão Implantáveis , Injeções Intraventriculares , Necrose , Resultado do Tratamento
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