Efectividad de una aplicación de telerrehabilitación para tableta en pacientes con fractura de extremo distal del radio / Effectiveness of a tablet telerehabilitation application in patients with distal radius fracture

Introducción: Evaluar si, en pacientes con fractura de extremo distal del radio, los ejercicios domiciliarios realizados en una pantalla táctil de dispositivos tableta reducen el consumo de recursos presenciales y mejoran la recuperación clínica, comparado con el programa convencional de ejercicios domiciliarios prescrito en papel. Material y métodos: Ensayo clínico pragmático, multicéntrico, paralelo, de dos grupos y controlado, con evaluador cegado y análisis por intención de tratar. Reclutados cuarenta y seis pacientes con fractura de extremo distal del radio en dos hospitales del Sistema Sanitario Público de Andalucía (SSPA). Los participantes de los grupos experimental y control recibieron el mismo tratamiento de sesiones presenciales de fisioterapia. El grupo experimental recibió un programa de ejercicios domiciliario utilizando la aplicación para tableta ReHand y el grupo control recibió un programa de ejercicios domiciliario en papel. Variable principal: número de sesiones de fisioterapia registradas en la base de datos electrónica del SSPA. Variables secundarias: número de consultas de rehabilitación presenciales con un médico rehabilitador y variables clínicas como la funcionalidad, la fuerza de prensión, la destreza manual, el dolor y la amplitud de movimiento. Resultados: El grupo experimental necesitó menos sesiones de fisioterapia (DM: −16,94; IC del 95%: −32,5 a −1,38) y consultas de rehabilitación (DM: −1,7; IC del 95%: −3,39 a −0,02) en comparación con el grupo control. Conclusión: En pacientes con fractura de extremo distal del radio, la prescripción de ejercicios realizados en una pantalla táctil de dispositivos tipo tableta a través de ReHand redujo el número de sesiones de fisioterapia y de consultas de rehabilitación.(AU)

Introduction: To assess whether, in patients with distal radius fracture feedback-guided exercises performed on a tablet touchscreen reduce healthcare usage and improve clinical recovery, more than the conventional home exercise program prescribed on paper. Material and methods: A multicentre, parallel, two-group, pragmatic, controlled trial with assessor blinding and intention-to-treat analysis. Forty-six patients with distal radius fracture were recruited in Andalusian Public Health System. Participants in the experimental and control groups received the same in-patient physiotherapy sessions. Experimental group received a home exercise program using the ReHand tablet application and control group received an evidence-based home exercise program on paper. The primary outcome was the number of physiotherapy sessions tallied from hospitals data management system. Secondary outcomes included: the face-to-face rehabilitation consultations with a physiatrist, and clinical outcomes such as functional ability, grip strength, dexterity, pain intensity and range of motion. Results: The experimental group required fewer physiotherapy sessions (MD: −16.94; 95%CI: −32.5 to −1.38) and rehabilitation consultations (MD: −1.7; 95%CI: −3.39 to −0.02) compared to the control group. Conclusions: In patients with distal radius fracture, prescribing feedback-guided exercises performed on a tablet touchscreen provided by ReHand reduced number of physiotherapy sessions and rehabilitation consultations.(AU)

Eficacia del ejercicio de alta intensidad en personas con dolor lumbar crónico: una revisión sistemática / Efficacy of high-intensity exercise in people with chronic low back pain: A systematic review

El dolor lumbar crónico causa discapacidad e impacto socioeconómico. El ejercicio de alta intensidad muestra resultados positivos en otras enfermedades, pero no existe evidencia sobre esta patología. Se pretende determinar su eficacia en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, la discapacidad, la intensidad del dolor y la adherencia al tratamiento en personas con dolor lumbar crónico. Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica en Pubmed, PEDro y Scopus, incluyendo ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, guías de práctica clínica y revisiones sistemáticas en español, inglés o portugués (2012-2022). Además, se hace una búsqueda en bola de nieve. Se incorporan ocho ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (n=379). Se analizan diferentes modalidades de ejercicio de alta intensidad, que parecen mejorar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y reducir la discapacidad y la intensidad del dolor. Estos datos se deben tomar con cautela dada la poca cantidad de estudios y el riesgo de sesgo que presentan.(AU)

Chronic low back pain causes disability and socioeconomic impact. High-intensity exercise shows positive results in other diseases, but there is no evidence on this pathology. The aim is to determine its efficacy on health-related quality of life, disability, pain intensity and adherence to treatment in people with chronic low back pain. A literature review is conducted in Pubmed, PEDro and Scopus, including randomized clinical trials, clinical practice guidelines and systematic reviews in Spanish, English or Portuguese (2012-2022). In addition, a snowball search is performed. Eight randomized clinical trials (n=379) are incorporated. Different high-intensity exercise modalities are analyzed, which seem to improve health-related quality of life and reduce disability and pain intensity. These data should be taken with caution given the small number of studies and the risk of bias presented.(AU)

The modulation effects of the mind-body and physical exercises on the basolateral amygdala-temporal pole pathway on individuals with knee osteoarthritis / Los efectos de modulación de la mente-cuerpo y los ejercicios físicos en la vía del polo basolateral amígdala-temporal en personas con osteoartritis de rodilla

Background/Objective: To investigate the modulatory effects of different physical exercise modalities on connectivity of amygdala subregions and its association with pain symptoms in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: 140 patients with KOA were randomly allocated either to the Tai Chi, Baduanjin, Stationary cycling, or health education group and conducted a 12 week-long intervention in one of the four groups. The behavioral, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and blood data were collected at baseline and the end of the study. Results: Compared to the control group, all physical exercise modalities lead to significant increases in Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) pain score (pain relief) and serum Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) levels. Additionally, all physical exercise modalities resulted in decreased resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the basolateral amygdala (BA)-temporal pole and BA-medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The overlapping BA-temporal pole rsFC observed in both Tai Chi and Baduanjin groups was significantly associated with pain relief, while the BA-mPFC rsFC was significantly associated with PD-1 levels. In addition, we found increased fractional anisotropy (FA) values, a measurement of water diffusion anisotropy of tissue that responded to changes in brain microstructure, within the mind-body exercise groups' BA-temporal pole pathway. The average FA value of this pathway was positively correlated with KOOS pain score at baseline across all subjects. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that physical exercise has the potential to modulate both functional and anatomical connectivity of the amygdala subregions, indicating a possible shared pathway for various physical exercise modalities.(AU)

Evaluación de la intervención de fisioterapia en los pacientes con sarcopenia y fractura de cadera: una revisión sistemática / Evaluation of physiotherapy intervention in patients with sarcopenia and hip fracture: A systematic review

Introducción La sarcopenia en los pacientes con fractura de cadera es cada vez más habitual en la población envejecida, aumentando el riesgo de hospitalización, dependencia y mortalidad. Objetivos Valorar el tratamiento de fisioterapia más efectivo en los pacientes con sarcopenia y fractura de cadera a través de la revisión de evidencia sistemática. Métodos Se realizó una búsqueda entre febrero y mayo de 2022 en 8 bases de datos electrónicas (Pubmed, Scopus, PEDro, Web of Science, Cochrane, Google Scholar y Springer Link), con el fin de extraer ensayos clínicos publicados en los últimos 12 años en español e inglés. Resultados Se seleccionaron 3 ensayos clínicos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. En todos ellos las intervenciones de fisioterapia incluían ejercicio aeróbico, de fuerza, de alta intensidad, de movilizaciones y combinados. La calidad metodológica se evaluó con la escala PEDro (puntuación media entre 6 y 10). Uno de los estudios no encuentra diferencias entre el tratamiento estándar y el grupo que recibe además entrenamiento progresivo de fuerza muscular. Otro constata una mejora a corto plazo en el grupo que recibe además del tratamiento convencional entrenamiento en cinta rodante con soporte del peso corporal durante el ejercicio con seguimiento a los 3 y 6 meses. El estudio que suplementa con aminoácidos esenciales es el único que constata una mejoría en los pacientes con sarcopenia. Conclusión Los pacientes con sarcopenia y fractura de cadera, pueden tener una mejor evolución si combinan ejercicios de fisioterapia con un protocolo nutricional. Son necesarias más investigaciones metodológicamente rigurosas sobre este tema para poder ampliar la evidencia. (AU)

Introduction Sarcopenia in patients with hip fracture is increasingly common in the elderly population, increasing the risk of hospitalization, dependency, and mortality. Objectives To assess the most effective physiotherapy treatment in patients with sarcopenia and hip fracture through systematic evidence review. Methods Electronic databases were searched from February to May 2022 using Pubmed, Scopus, PEDro, Web of Science, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Springer Link in order to extract randomized clinical trials published in full text both English and Spanish for the last 12 years. Results Three clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria were selected. In all of them, the physiotherapy interventions included aerobic, strength, high intensity, mobilization, and combined exercises. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale (average score between 6 and 10). One of the studies found no differences between the standard treatment and the group that also received progressive muscle strength training. Another found a short-term improvement in the group that received, in addition to conventional treatment, treadmill training with body weight support during exercise with follow-up that was not maintained at three and six months. The study that supplements with essential amino acids is the only one that confirms an improvement in patients with sarcopenia. Conclusion Patients with sarcopenia and hip fracture may have a better evolution if they combine physiotherapy exercises with a nutritional protocol. More methodologically rigorous research on this topic is needed to expand the evidence. (AU)

Readaptación funcional basada en ejercicio físico terapéutico en pacientes con COVID persistente (RECOVER) / Functional rehabilitation based on therapeutic exercise training in patients with postacute COVID syndrome (RECOVER)

Introduction and objectives Postacute COVID syndrome (PACS) is common after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. One of the most frequent and disabling symptoms is exercise intolerance (EI). Recent evidence suggests that EI in PACS has a peripheral (metabolic-neuromuscular) origin, suggesting that exercise training may be an effective treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the role a therapeutic physical exercise program (TPEP) in PACS with EI. Method This single-center, open-label, randomized clinical trial compared an exercise training program (intervention group) with regular physical activity recommendations (control group) in patients with PACS and EI. The intervention group underwent an 8-week TPEP. The primary endpoint was improvement in functional capacity, assessed as the change in peak VO2. Results We included 50 participants with PACS (73% women, mean age 47±7.1 years). The intervention group showed a 15% improvement in peak VO2 (peak VO2 pre- and postintervention: 25.5±7.7mL/kg/min and 29.3±4.7 mL/kg/min; P <.001) and a 13.2% improvement in predicted values (92.1±14.3% and 108.4±13.4%; P <.001). No significant changes in VO2 values were observed in the control group. Unlike the control group, the intervention group also showed improvements in all secondary outcomes: quality of life scales, muscle power, maximum inspiratory power, metabolic flexibility, and body fat percentage. Conclusions The program improved functional capacity in patients with PACS and EI (AU)

Introducción y objetivos El síndrome de COVID persistente (SCP) es frecuente tras la infección aguda por SARS-CoV-2, y la intolerancia al ejercicio (IE) uno de los síntomas más frecuentes y limitantes. La evidencia reciente indica que el origen de los síntomas es periférico (muscular), por lo que el ejercicio físico podría ser un tratamiento eficaz. Este estudio evalúa la eficacia de un programa de ejercicio físico terapéutico (PEFT) en la mejora de la capacidad funcional de los pacientes con SCP e IE. Métodos Estudio aleatorizado, unicéntrico, controlado y abierto que compara un PEFT (grupo de intervención) con recomendaciones de actividad física estándar (grupo de control) en pacientes con SCP con IE. El grupo de intervención recibió 8 semanas de PEFT. El objetivo principal fue el cambio en la capacidad funcional medido mediante el consumo pico de oxígeno (VO2 pico). Resultados Se incluyó a un total de 50 pacientes con SCP (el 73% mujeres; media de edad, 47±7,1 años). El grupo de intervención presentó una mejora en el VO2 pico del 15% (VO2 pico inicial y final: 25,5±7,7 y 29,3±4,7ml/kg/min; p <0,001) y del 13,2% en valores del %VO2 máximo predicho (el 92,1±14,3% y el 108,4±13,4%; p <0,001), sin cambios significativos en el grupo de control. Todos los objetivos secundarios también mejoraron exclusivamente en el grupo de intervención: escalas de calidad de vida, potencia muscular desarrollada, potencia inspiratoria máxima, flexibilidad metabólica y porcentaje de grasa corporal. Conclusiones El PEFT mejora la capacidad funcional de los pacientes con SCP e IE (AU)

Evaluación de la intervención de fisioterapia en los pacientes con sarcopenia y fractura de cadera: una revisión sistemática / Evaluation of physiotherapy intervention in patients with sarcopenia and hip fracture: A systematic review

Introducción La sarcopenia en los pacientes con fractura de cadera es cada vez más habitual en la población envejecida, aumentando el riesgo de hospitalización, dependencia y mortalidad. Objetivos Valorar el tratamiento de fisioterapia más efectivo en los pacientes con sarcopenia y fractura de cadera a través de la revisión de evidencia sistemática. Métodos Se realizó una búsqueda entre febrero y mayo de 2022 en 8 bases de datos electrónicas (Pubmed, Scopus, PEDro, Web of Science, Cochrane, Google Scholar y Springer Link), con el fin de extraer ensayos clínicos publicados en los últimos 12 años en español e inglés. Resultados Se seleccionaron 3 ensayos clínicos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. En todos ellos las intervenciones de fisioterapia incluían ejercicio aeróbico, de fuerza, de alta intensidad, de movilizaciones y combinados. La calidad metodológica se evaluó con la escala PEDro (puntuación media entre 6 y 10). Uno de los estudios no encuentra diferencias entre el tratamiento estándar y el grupo que recibe además entrenamiento progresivo de fuerza muscular. Otro constata una mejora a corto plazo en el grupo que recibe además del tratamiento convencional entrenamiento en cinta rodante con soporte del peso corporal durante el ejercicio con seguimiento a los 3 y 6 meses. El estudio que suplementa con aminoácidos esenciales es el único que constata una mejoría en los pacientes con sarcopenia. Conclusión Los pacientes con sarcopenia y fractura de cadera, pueden tener una mejor evolución si combinan ejercicios de fisioterapia con un protocolo nutricional. Son necesarias más investigaciones metodológicamente rigurosas sobre este tema para poder ampliar la evidencia. (AU)

Introduction Sarcopenia in patients with hip fracture is increasingly common in the elderly population, increasing the risk of hospitalization, dependency, and mortality. Objectives To assess the most effective physiotherapy treatment in patients with sarcopenia and hip fracture through systematic evidence review. Methods Electronic databases were searched from February to May 2022 using Pubmed, Scopus, PEDro, Web of Science, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Springer Link in order to extract randomized clinical trials published in full text both English and Spanish for the last 12 years. Results Three clinical trials that met the inclusion criteria were selected. In all of them, the physiotherapy interventions included aerobic, strength, high intensity, mobilization, and combined exercises. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale (average score between 6 and 10). One of the studies found no differences between the standard treatment and the group that also received progressive muscle strength training. Another found a short-term improvement in the group that received, in addition to conventional treatment, treadmill training with body weight support during exercise with follow-up that was not maintained at three and six months. The study that supplements with essential amino acids is the only one that confirms an improvement in patients with sarcopenia. Conclusion Patients with sarcopenia and hip fracture may have a better evolution if they combine physiotherapy exercises with a nutritional protocol. More methodologically rigorous research on this topic is needed to expand the evidence. (AU)

Nursing practice and effect evaluation of cupping therapy in the rehabilitation of sports-induced cervical spine injuries

Cupping has been extensively used in the treatment of various medical conditions since antiquity. In this randomized controlled trial, we investigated the effects of wet cupping therapy on the outcomes of football athletes with cervical spine injuries and low back pain. Our study was conducted at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine involving 40 athletes consisting of 28 males and 12 females. Single blinding was used and participants were divided into an intervention (wet cupping) and a sham group. Our findings showed significant reduction in pain intensity scores from the pre-intervention (7.2 ± 1.5) to post-intervention (4.5 ± 1.2), suggesting a positive effect of wet cupping therapy on cervical spine injuries (Mean Difference [MD] = -2.7 ± 1.3, p = 0.001). Statistically significant increase in functional improvements in the intervention group from pre-intervention (28.3 ± 4.0) to post-intervention (18.9 ± 3.5) due to the wet cupping therapy (MD = -9.4 ± 2.1, p = 0.021). Significant improvements in the range of motion assessed from cervical flexion, cervical extension, cervical lateral flexion, and cervical rotation. Sleep quality based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores exhibited a mean difference of -1.4 ± 1.2 which was statistically significant (p = 0.001). Muscle strength of Neck Flexors, Neck Extensors, Upper Trapezius, Rhomboids, Cervical Rotators, Deltoids and Biceps were significantly while minimal adverse outcomes were observed in the intervention group. In conclusion, the application of wet cupping therapy could be an effective treatment for alleviating pain, improving muscle strength, quality of life, range of motion, functional improvements and reducing adverse outcomes in athletes with cervical spine injuries (AU)

Effects of Muscle Strength Training in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in males. Treatment options cause a series of side effects that can lead to a deterioration in the physical and quality of life of patients, such as musculoskeletal changes, atrophy or muscle weakness, due to the testosterone suppression. Scientific evidence has shown that exercise mitigates the side effects induced by cancer treatment. This study aimed to analyse the effects of muscular strength work on the organism of patients with prostate cancer in the treatment phase. Material and Methods: PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science and PEDro databases were searched in January 2022. The Medical Subject Headings “resistance training”, “prostatic neoplasms”, “strength training” and “prostate cancer” were used. Results: A total of 13 articles were analysed. In all of them, statistically significant changes were found in strength, physical performance, muscle mass and cardiovascular and respiratory health after the implementation of a strength exercise program. Other variables did not achieve the expected changes. Conclusions: A strength exercise program improves strength, physical performance, muscle mass and cardiovascular health in patients with prostate cancer. However, whether it improves other parameters, such as body fat, power, bone density and quality of life, is unclear (AU)

Influencing Factors on the Efficacy of Aerobic Exercise Therapy in Depression: A Single-Centre Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Aerobic exercise therapy can improve brain function and promote positive emotions in patients with depression. This study aims to improve the efficacy of aerobic exercise therapy in depression by investigating the influencing factors therein.Methods: This study conducted a single-centre cross-sectional analysis of clinical data from 211 depression patients who received aerobic exercise therapy at Heze Mudan People's Hospital from May 2021 to May 2023. After excluding 10 patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria, the final cohort included 201 patients. The clinical data of patients with effective treatment and patients with ineffective treatment were collected, such as socio-demographic characteristics, disease status, depression degree, treatment compliance, and social support. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting the clinical efficacy of aerobic exercise therapy in patients.Results: Among the 201 patients, the effective and ineffective rates of aerobic exercise therapy were 80.10% (161/201) and 19.90% (40/201), respectively. When analysed as groups, no significant differences were observed between the effective group (EG) and ineffective group (IG) regarding gender, body mass index, course of depression, age of first onset, mental symptoms, years of education, personal income, or marital status (p > 0.05). However, the EG exhibited a reduced probability of family history of mental illness, smoking history, and severity of depression (p < 0.05), along with higher treatment compliance and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) scores compared to the IG (p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking history, family history of mental illness, treatment compliance, depression, and SSRS score were the primary influencing factors on the efficacy of aerobic exercise therapy (p < 0.05). ... (AU)

Effects of cardiac rehabilitation on obese hypertensive patients: A controlled trial / Efectos de la rehabilitación cardíaca en pacientes hipertensos obesos: un ensayo controlado

Introduction: The relationship between obesity and hypertension is clearly known and cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is shown as an effective treatment method in both obese and hypertensive patients. The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of CR on obese hypertensive patients by comparing them with non-obese hypertensive patients. Methods: Eighty eligible, volunteer participants with hypertension (SBP ≥140mmHg and/or DBP ≥90mmHg) were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to their BMI values: obese (BMI ≥30kg/m2) hypertensive patients and non-obese (BMI <30kg/m2) hypertensive patients. The CR program, in which aerobic exercise training was the main part, was performed on the patients. At the end of the 10-week CR program, the resting SBP and DBP values were measured. Results: A total of 74 patients (37 obese and 37 non-obese) completed the study. After CR significant improvements were achieved in all evaluated parameters compared to pre-CR values. When the amounts of changes before and after CR were compared, the decrease in SBP was found to be significantly higher in obese patients compared to non-obese patients (p=.003). Higher BMI was associated with more reduction in SBP (r=0.287, p=0.013). Conclusions: Exercise-based CR effectively reduced SBP in obese and non-obese hypertensive patients. However, it was more effective in obese patients compared to non-obese patients. (AU)

Introducción: La relación entre obesidad e hipertensión es claramente conocida y la rehabilitación cardiaca (RC) se muestra como un método de tratamiento eficaz tanto en pacientes obesos como hipertensos. El objetivo de este estudio es revelar el efecto de la RC en pacientes hipertensos obesos comparándolos con pacientes hipertensos no obesos. Métodos: Ochenta participantes voluntarios elegibles con hipertensión (PAS≥140mmHg y/o PAD≥90mmHg) se inscribieron en este estudio. Los pacientes se dividieron en 2 grupos según sus valores de IMC: pacientes hipertensos obesos (IMC≥30kg/m2) y pacientes hipertensos no obesos (IMC<30kg/m2). A los pacientes se les realizó el programa RC, en el que el entrenamiento con ejercicios aeróbicos fue la parte principal. Al final del programa RC de 10 semanas, se midieron los valores de PAS y PAD en reposo. Resultados: Un total de 74 pacientes (37 obesos y 37 no obesos) completaron el estudio. Después de RC, se lograron mejoras significativas en todos los parámetros evaluados en comparación con los valores previos a RC. Cuando se comparó la cantidad de cambios antes y después de la RC, se encontró que la disminución de la PAS fue significativamente mayor en pacientes obesos en comparación con pacientes no obesos (p=0,003). Un IMC más alto se asoció con una mayor reducción de la PAS (r=0,287; p=0,013). Conclusiones: La RC redujo efectivamente la PAS en pacientes hipertensos obesos y no obesos. Sin embargo, fue más efectivo en pacientes obesos en comparación con pacientes no obesos. (AU)

Comparative analysis of traditional chinese and western medicine rehabilitation approaches in stroke recovery: impact on physical fitness in obese middle-aged and young fitness enthusiasts

Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program combining Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western medicine, founded on the Guided Care model, in enhancing physical fitness among obese middle-aged and young stroke patients who are fitness enthusiasts. Methods: Eighty obese middle-aged and young stroke patients were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (n=40) and an intervention group (n=40). The control group received standard nursing care, while the intervention group was treated with a Guided Care model integrating TCM and Western medicine rehabilitation. The focus was on improving physical fitness parameters in addition to traditional outcomes. Parameters such as self-efficacy, family function, quality of life, and physical fitness measures were compared between the groups at admission and six months’ post-discharge. Results: After six months, the intervention group showed significantly higher improvements in disease management, medication adherence, dietary habits, daily life activities, emotional stability, social and interpersonal interactions, and rehabilitation exercise management (P < 0.01). Specifically, physical fitness levels in the intervention group markedly improved compared to the control group. The total scores for self-efficacy, family function, quality of life, and physical fitness in the intervention group were significantly higher (208.20 ± 13.58, 7.93 ± 2.53 193.05 ± 9.00, and a physical fitness score indicative of enhanced endurance and strength) than those in the control group (180.73 ± 15.52, 5.18 ± 2.60, 166.15 ± 12.05, and a lower physical fitness score) (AU)

Eficacia de un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca en polideportivo municipal comparado con el programa hospitalario: ensayo controlado aleatorizado eCARCEX / Efficacy of a cardiac rehabilitation program in a municipal sports center compared to the hospital program: randomized controlled trial eCARCEX

Fundamento. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los efectos de un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca (PRC) extrahospitalario en un centro municipal deportivo sobre la capacidad funcional y la adherencia al ejercicio físico, entre otras variables, en comparación con un modelo hospitalario. Métodos. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado con dos grupos paralelos de pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo que realizaron un PRC con ejercicio físico moderado interválico coordinado con educación en hábitos saludables en un centro deportivo municipal (GE) y en un hospital terciario (GC), entre septiembre de 2019 y junio de 2020. Se analizaron variables de adherencia, antropométricas, clínicas, psicológicas, de fuerza, de prevención secundaria (dieta, tabaco) y capacidad funcional en la prueba de ergoespirometría. Resultados. Veintidós pacientes completaron el PRC (GC=10, GE=12). Se observaron mejoras significativas pre-post en GC (colesterol, test de la silla, frecuencia cardiaca en VT1 y VT2, y vatios en VT1) y en GE (colesterol HDL, triglicéridos, test de la silla, y frecuencia cardiaca y vatios en VT1). Estas mejoras fueron mayores en el GC para la frecuencia cardiaca en VT2 (11,17 vs 2,88 lpm) y en el GE para el colesterol HDL (11,0 vs 0,63 mg/dL). Conclusiones. Este estudio no ha podido determinar la eficacia de los PRC extrahospitalarios por falta de potencia (abundantes abandonos debidos al confinamiento por COVID-19). A pesar de ello, en el GE se observó mayor aumento en colesterol HDL que en el GC, aunque la frecuencia cardiaca en VT2 fue mayor en el GC (AU)

Background. This study aimed to analyze the effects of an outpa-tient cardiac rehabilitation program in a municipal sports center on functional capacity and adherence to physical activity – among other variables – compared to an in-hospital program.Methods. Randomized clinical trial that included two parallel groups of acute coronary syndrome patients who performed a car-diac rehabilitation program that consisted of moderate physical ex-ercise intervals along with learning healthy habits in a municipal sports center (EG) and in a tertiary hospital (CG) between Septem-ber 2019 and June 2020. We collected the following data: compli-ance, anthropometrical, clinical, psychological variables, diet and tobacco habits, strength and functional capacity from ergospirom-etry. Results. Twenty-two patients completed the cardiac rehabilitation program (EG=12, CG=10). Significant improvement was observed for cholesterol, the sit-and-stand test, cardiac frequency in VT1 and VT2, and watts in VT1 in the CG, and for HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, the sit-and-stand test, and frequency, and watts in VT1 in the EG. Better achievement was found in the CG for cardiac frequency in VT2 (11.17 vs 2.88 bpm) and in EG for HDL-cholesterol (11.0 vs 0.63 mg/dL).Conclusions. We are unable to determine the effectiveness of the out-of-hospital cardiac rehabilitation program due to a lack of power (high number of withdrawals caused by COVID-19 lockdown). How-ever, the EG achieved higher HDL-cholesterol levels, while cardiac frequency in VT2 was higher in the CG (AU)

Efectos de un programa de rehabilitación cardíaca fase iii en la capacidad funcional y composición corporal en pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica / Effects of a Phase III cardiac rehabilitation program on functional capacity and body composition for coronary heart disease

Introducción y objetivos: Los programas de rehabilitación cardíaca (PRC) fase III han sido poco investigados tanto por los métodos de entrenamiento como por las modalidades de administración. Estudiamos los efectos en capacidad funcional, composición corporal y adherencia a la actividad física de un PRC interdisciplinar basado en ejercicio terapéutico aeróbico combinado con fuerza muscular tras síndrome coronario agudo. Diseño del estudio: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado. Métodos: Ochenta pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica estable y función sistólica preservada fueron incluidos posteriormente a un PRC fase II. Se distribuyeron en grupo control (GC), con ejercicio autónomo y grupo experimental (GE), con ejercicio aeróbico combinado con fuerza muscular comunitaria, además de estrategia educativa de mensajería telefónica instantánea. Ambos grupos realizaron terapia grupal hospitalaria. Se compararon los resultados de capacidad funcional, composición corporal y nivel de actividad física tras 12 meses. Resultados: La capacidad funcional presentó niveles más altos en el GE en la prueba de marcha de 6min, 26,03m (DE: 27,4; p<0,001), y en la ergometría incremental convencional, 0,6METs (DE: 2,2; p=0,021). El nivel de actividad física domiciliaria medido con el cuestionario IPAQ en el GE incrementó 90,38min/semana (DE: 79,7; (p=0,047), y disminuyó el tiempo sedentario entresemana −50,3min/día (DE: 94,5; p=0,001). Ambos grupos aumentaron el tejido adiposo, sobre todo el GC 1,4% (DE: 3,1; p=0,039). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo que realizaron un PRC fase III comunitario durante 12 meses, mediante ejercicio terapéutico aeróbico combinado con fuerza muscular y estrategias educativas de mensajería telefónica instantánea, presentaron niveles más altos en capacidad funcional y actividad física reportada.(AU)

Introduction and objectives: The effects of a phase III cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) have been insufficiently studied in terms of training methods and administration. We studied the impact on functional capacity, body composition and physical activity engagement of interdisciplinary program based on aerobic and community strength therapeutic exercise after an acute coronary syndrome. Trial design: Randomised clinical trial. Methods: Eighty consecutive patients with stable ischemic heart disease and preserved systolic function before phase II CRP were included. They were distributed into a control group (CG), with autonomous exercise, and an experimental group (EG), that follows supervised community program based on aerobic exercise and overload dynamic muscle strength, and an educational strategy through short messaging. Both groups underwent monthly inpatient group therapy. Results were compared after 12 months. Results: Functional capacity presented higher levels in the EG and measured by the 6-min walk test (26.0±27.4m; P<.001), and maximal exercise test (0.6±2.2METs; P=.021). Home physical activity measured in minutes by IPAQ questionnaire increased more in the EG (90±78min/week) (P=.047), and the sitting time during the week decreased (−50.25±94.48min/day) (P=.001). There were no differences in body mass index, although we found a higher percentage of adipose tissue in CG after 12 months (P=.039). Conclusions: A multidisciplinary community phase III CRP based on aerobic and dynamic muscle strength therapeutic exercise combined with a short message service educational strategy was feasible. After 12 months, patients in the EG presented higher levels on functional capacity, reported higher physical activity engagement compared to the CG.(AU)

Características demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes sometidos a artroscopia del manguito rotador del hombro: estudio observacional / Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients undergoing rotator cuff arthroscopy of the shoulder: an observational study

Fundamentos: La causa más común de dolor de hombro son los cuadros clínicos relacionados con problemas del manguitorotador. Uno de los tratamientos más habituales es la cirugía artroscópica. El objetivo del estudio fue describir las característicasclínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes sometidos a este tipo de cirugías en España. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo, observacional y de corte transversal con noventa participantes. Se recogieronlos datos de edad, sexo, realización de actividad laboral con sobreuso de miembros superiores (MMSS), índice de masa corporal (IMC),consumo de tabaco, diagnóstico de diabetes, realización de actividad física-deportiva y antecedentes de tratamientos prequirúrgicos.Finalmente, se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables y un análisis de correlaciones, mediante la prueba estadística de Pearson y Spearman según el tipo de variable.Resultados: La media de edad fue de 57,21 años con una desviación estándar (DE) de 8,5 (Intervalo de Confianza [IC] del 95%,55,41-59,00). En cuanto a su IMC, la media fue de 28,49 con una DE de 4,9 (IC del 95%, 27,49-29,53), siendo el 35,6% personas conobesidad (IMC mayor de 30). El diagnóstico médico de los sujetos fue en un 51,1% de rotura total del manguito rotador. Por otro lado,la intensidad de realización de actividad física fue de una hora o menos a la semana en el 87,8% de la muestra. Por último, en relacióncon el tratamiento previo de fisioterapia, el 69,7% de los sujetos habían recibido algún tipo de intervención. Conclusiones: Las características demográficas y clínicas encontradas están en consonancia con las de otras poblacionesestudiadas previamente, y los factores de asociación entre ellas refrendan los factores de riesgo ya señalados previamente (edad,obesidad, sobreuso de MMSS), cobrando especial importancia la edad avanzada.(AU)

Background: The most common cause of shoulder pain is clinical pictures related to rotator cuff problems. One of the mostcommon treatments is arthroscopic surgery. The objective was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patientsundergoing this type of surgery in Spain. Methods: A descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study with ninety participants was carried out. Data on age, sex, perfor-mance of work activity with overuse of upper limbs, body mass index (BMI), smoking habit, diagnosis of diabetes, performance of physi-cal-sports activity and history of pre-surgical treatments were collected. Finally, a descriptive analysis of the variables and an analysis ofcorrelations were carried out, using the Pearson and Spearman statistical test according to the type of variable.Results: The mean age was 57.21 years with a standard deviation (SD) of 8.5 (95% CI, 55.41-59.00). Regarding their BMI, the meanwas 28.49 with a SD of 4.9 (95% CI, 27.49-29.53), with 35.6% being obese (BMI greater than 30). The medical diagnosis of the subjectswas 51.1% total rotator cuff tear. On the other hand, the intensity of physical activity was one hour or less per week in 87.8% of thesample. Finally, in relation to the previous physiotherapy treatment, 69.7% of the subjects had received some type of intervention. Conclusions: The demographic and clinical characteristics found are consistent with those of other previously studied populations,and the association factors between them endorse the previously mentioned risk factors, with advanced age gaining special importance.(AU)

Effects of an exercise program in adults with chronic kidney diseas / Eefectos de un programa de ejercicio en adultos con enfermedad renal crónica

Objective: To determine the effect of an exercise program on functional status, pain perception and self-perceived health (SPH) in patients with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD) in primary care (PC). Methodology: Group pre- and postintervention, single-center study of adults with and without CKD in PC. The intervention was a 6-week multicomponent exercise program. Results were evaluated with scales of functional assessment, pain perception and SPH. Results:A total of 523 adults participated (256 with CKD and 267 without CKD). Significant increases were found for the Barthel index, the Short Physical Performance Battery SPPB) score, grip strength and calf perimeter. There was improvement in pain perception and SPH (p < 0.001) in all patients. Conclusions: In the studied sample, an exercise program produced improvements in functional status, pain perception and SPH (AU)

Adherencia a la rehabilitación pulmonar en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar instersticial difusa (EPID) / Adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with diffuse interstitial pulmonary disease (DILD)

Introducción La enfermedad pulmonar intersticial difusa (EPID), a pesar de su baja prevalencia, presenta un curso progresivo y letal. Como estrategia secundaria al tratamiento farmacológico, los pacientes son remitidos a programas de rehabilitación pulmonar; no obstante, existe escasa evidencia con relación a la adherencia a dichos programas. Objetivo Analizar la adherencia de los pacientes diagnosticados con EPID a los programas de rehabilitación pulmonar en una clínica de Colombia en el año 2021. Materiales y métodos Estudio descriptivo observacional y prospectivo donde se vincularon 74 pacientes con EPID, que se dividieron en 2 grupos, adherencia baja/moderada y adherencia alta, tomando como referente el modelo de cumplimiento de Oates et al. Para la comparación de los dos grupos se realizó la prueba chi2 y la prueba T student para muestras independientes. Se tuvo en cuenta una significación del 95%, y se consideraron significativos valores p<0,05. Resultados Se obtuvo una adherencia alta en el 67,6% de los pacientes vinculados en el estudio. En las variables clínicas, diagnósticos, hospitalizaciones, días hospitalizados, y en el dominio síntomas del cuestionario de calidad de vida se presentaron diferencias significativas con un valor p≤0,05 entre los grupos de adherencia. La razón de motivo de abandono del programa de rehabilitación pulmonar en la mayoría de pacientes fue por exacerbación y no tener dinero para el transporte. Conclusiones Se presentó una alta adherencia en el 67,6% de los participantes. Pacientes con alta adherencia tenían mayor prevalencia de EPID clasificadas, hospitalizaciones, distancia recorrida y mejor calidad de vida (AU)

Introduction Diffuse interstitial lung disease (DILD), despite its low prevalence, has a progressive and lethal course. As a secondary strategy to pharmacological treatment, patients are referred to pulmonary rehabilitation programs; however, there is little evidence regarding adherence to these programs. Objective To analyze the adherence of patients diagnosed with ILD to pulmonary rehabilitation programs in a clinic in Colombia in the year 2021. Materials and methods Observational and prospective descriptive study where 74 patients with ILD were linked, who were divided into two groups, low/moderate adherence and high adherence, taking as reference the compliance model of Oates et al. For the comparison of the two groups, the chi2 test and the T student test for independent samples were performed. A significance of 95% was taken into account, and significant p-values<0.05 were considered. Results High adherence was obtained in 67.6% of the patients included in the study. In the clinical variables, diagnoses, hospitalizations, days hospitalized, and in the symptoms domain of the quality of life questionnaire, there were significant differences with a p-value≤0.05 between the adherence groups. The reason for abandonment of the pulmonary rehabilitation program in the majority of patients was due to exacerbation and not having money for transportation. Conclusions High adherence was present in 67.6% of the participants. Patients with high adherence had a higher prevalence of classified ILD, hospitalizations, distance traveled and better quality of life (AU)

The effects of high-intensity functional training on muscle damage and recovery capacity in trained individuals / Los efectos del entrenamiento funcional de alta intensidad sobre el daño muscular y la capacidad de recuperación en individuos entrenados

Objective: High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) is nowadays widely used due to low time demand and efficiency to improve performance and health. The dynamics of recovery of muscle damage and physical fitness after a HIFT in individuals with different fitness status provide a practical informationfor coaches and practitioners. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the muscle damage and performance recovery responses after an acute HIFTsession in healthy young men with different fitness status. Method: Sixteen recreationally trained participants (age: 23.4 ± 2.4 y; body mass index: 24.6 ± 2.4 kg·m-2; 1RM back squat: 120.1 ± 19.9 kg) were dividedinto two groups according to their maximum strength (higher-trained [HT] and lower-trained group [LT]), and performed a single HIFT session. Muscledamage (creatine kinase [CK] and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]) and physical fitness tests (strength, power, and oxygen consumption) were analyzedbefore, immediately after, 24h and 48h after the HIFT session. The internal training load for both groups was equalized using the Rating of PerceivedExertion method (RPE) and the percentage 1 repetition maximum (1RM). Results: Biochemical markers and performance indicators showed that both groups suffered exercise-induced muscle damage. There was a trend towardsfaster muscle damage recovery in HT group.Conclusions: HT group showed higher muscle damage recovery compared to the LT group. A longer recovery time to complete muscle recovery might beexpected in the LT group.(AU)

Objetivo: El Entrenamiento Funcional de Alta Intensidad (HIFT) se utiliza hoy en día ampliamente debido a la baja demanda de tiempo y la eficiencia para mejorar el rendimiento y la salud. La dinámica de recuperación del daño muscular y la forma física después de un HIFT en individuos con diferentes estados de forma proporcionan una información práctica para entrenadores y profesionales. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar el daño muscular y las respuestas de recuperación del rendimiento después de una sesión aguda de HIFT en hombres jóvenes sanos con diferentes estados de forma física. Método: Dieciséis participantes entrenados de forma recreativa (edad: 23,4 ± 2,4 y; índice de masa corporal: 24,6 ± 2,4 kg-m-2; 1RM back squat: 120,1 ± 19,9 kg) se dividieron en dos grupos en función de su fuerza máxima (grupo de mayor entrenamiento [HT] y grupo de menor entrenamiento [LT]), y realizaron una única sesión de HIFT. Se analizaron el daño muscular (creatina quinasa [CK] y lactato deshidrogenasa [LDH]) y las pruebas de aptitud física (fuerza, potencia y consumo de oxígeno) antes, inmediatamente después, 24h y 48h después de la sesión de HIFT. La carga de entrenamiento interna para ambos grupos se igualó utilizando el método de Valoración del Esfuerzo Percibido (RPE) y el porcentaje de 1 repetición máxima (1RM). Resultados: Los marcadores bioquímicos y los indicadores de rendimiento mostraron que ambos grupos sufrieron daños musculares inducidos por el ejercicio. Hubo una tendencia a una recuperación más rápida del daño muscular en el grupo HT. Conclusiones: El grupo HT mostró una mayor recuperación del daño muscular en comparación con el grupo LT. Podría esperarse un mayor tiempo de recuperación hasta la recuperación muscular completa en el grupo LT.(AU)

Effect of Kegel Exercise Combined with a Therapeutic Apparatus for Electromyographic Feedback on Bladder Function in Patients with Bladder Injury during Rehabilitation

Objective: To explore the effect of Kegel exercise combined with a therapeutic apparatus for electromyographic feedback on bladder function in patients with bladder injury during rehabilitation. Methods: The clinical data of 156 patients with bladder injury admitted to Wuxi Medical Center of Nanjing Medical University in the past 2 years were selected for retrospective analysis. The patients were divided into the reference group (RG, Kegel exercise, n = 83) and the study group (SG, Kegel exercise combined with a therapeutic apparatus for electromyographic feedback, n = 73) in accordance with different rehabilitation programmes. The urination conditions and urodynamic indices of the SG and RG after intervention were compared, and patients’ mood states were evaluated with the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Results: Compared with the RG, the SG had overtly lower bladder residual urine volume, daily urination frequency, detrusor pressure at the end of the filling period and detrusor leak-point pressure (all p < 0.001); Obviously higher urinary volume at each time and maximum bladder volume (all p < 0.001) and distinctly lower hospital anxiety and depression scale-anxiety (HADS-A) and hospital anxiety and depression scale-depression (HADS-D) scores after treatment (all p < 0.001). Conclusions: The application of Kegel exercise combined with a therapeutic apparatus for electromyographic feedback during the rehabilitation of patients with bladder injury can effectively improve the urination conditions, bladder function and mood states of the patients. Moreover, it can guarantee the return to normal life of the patients and improve their quality of life (AU)

A Study on the Effect of Exercise Prescription on Scoliosis in Adolescents / Un estudio sobre el efecto de la prescripción de ejercicio en la escoliosis en adolescentes

In order to understand the efficacy of a scoliosis exercise prescription, it is essential to understand the risk factors associated with this malady. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine whether or not prescribed exercise would decrease the likelihood of developing scoliosis by influencing one or more sub-clinical risk factors involved with the condition. Before and after an adolescent participated in an exercise prescription for two months, nutritional intake and other health parameters were measured. Scoliosis incidence was determined in order to assess whether or not prescribed exercises reduce incidence. The study found that preprogramed exercises significantly reduced incidence by as much as 44% on average as compared to a non-prescribed condition (p < .001). Additionally, the longer the participant was involved in the regimen, the greater the reduction. The study also found that a non-prescribed condition (no exercise) did not yield any significant reduction level in incidence. The finding of this study supports previous research, which concluded that exercise prescription can be an effective scoliosis treatment option in adolescents with subclinical scoliosis.(AU)

Adaptación locomotora sobre pasarela rodante con correa dividida en personas con ictus: una revisión sistemática / Locomotor adaptation on a split-belt treadmill in adults with stroke: a systematic review

El objetivo de esta revisión fue evaluar la eficacia de la adaptación motora durante la marcha sobre cintas de marcha con correa dividida (CMCD) con diferentes condiciones de aprendizaje en personas con ictus. Se realizó una búsqueda de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y estudios de casos en cuatro bases de datos (Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Brain-URJC), publicados desde enero de 2011 hasta abril de 2022, que utilizasen CMCD bajo diferentes condiciones de aprendizaje. Se extrajeron datos sobre el objetivo, la intervención, la población, el número de sesiones, las medidas de resultados y los resultados obtenidos. Se valoró la calidad metodologica para estudios cuantitativos con la Critical Review Form.De los 79 estudios identificados, se incluyeron seis en la revisión, cuatro ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y dos series de casos. Incluyeron 156 personas con ictus crónico, 62,8% hombres, entre los 21-85 años de edad. La locomoción sobre CMCD puede generar artefactos en el patrón de marcha, según la condición experimental utilizada. Dos series de casos y un ensayo observaron que la doble tarea motora, la inclinación de la pendiente de la CMCD o el cambio gradual de velocidad, fomentarían la retención de los artefactos generados por las perturbaciones, redundando en el aprendizaje de un nuevo patrón motor.Sin embargo, incluir ejercicio físico de diferente intensidad y en diferentes momentos en combinación con CMCD, maximizar o minimizar los errores, o incluir perturbaciones variables o constantes de la velocidad, parecen no mostrar un efecto sobre el proceso de adaptación locomotora.(AU)

This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy of motor adaptation during walking on a split-belt treadmill (SBT) under different learning conditions in adults with stroke. We searched randomized clinical trials and case studies that used SBT under different learning conditions published between January 2011 and April 2022 in four databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Brain-URJC. The following data were extracted: objectives, interventions, population, number of sessions, outcome measures, and results. The methodological quality of quantitative studies was evaluated using the Critical Review Form. We identified 79 studies, from which six met the criteria for this systematic review (four randomized clinical trials and two case series). The six selected studies included 156 patients with chronic stroke; 62.8% men, age 21-85 years. Walking on a SBT can generate artifacts in the gait pattern depending on the experimental conditions. Two series of cases and one trial reported that the dual motor task - the inclination of the slope of the SBT or the gradual change of speed - promotes the retention of the artifacts generated by the disturbances, resulting in the learning of a new motor pattern. However, combining physical exercise of different intensity and at different times with SBT, maximizing or minimizing errors, or including variable or constant speed disturbances do not seem to affect the locomotor adaptation process.(AU)