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1.
An. psicol ; 37(1): 61-68, ene.-abr. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-200651

RESUMO

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue incrementar el desarrollo moral en alumnos adultos con discapacidad intelectual, a través de un programa predeportivo y de valores. El programa se llevó a cabo a lo largo de un cuatrimestre de un título dirigido a la inserción sociolaboral de personas con discapacidad intelectual. Participaron 37 alumnos de ambos sexos, de tres promociones consecutivas (n1 = 11; n2 = 12; n3 = 14), entre los 19 y los 37 años (M = 24.49 ± 4.22). Se utilizó la versión española del Moral Competence Test (MCT), que mide los dos componentes del desarrollo moral: la competencia moral y las orientaciones o preferencias morales. Se planificó un diseño cuasiexperimental de cohorte de ciclo institucional recurrente, implicando a tres cohortes evaluadas en tres años consecutivos. Además, para asegurar la equivalencia de los grupos se realizó un estudio acerca de la influencia de variables sociodemográficas y clínicas en el cambio de la competencia moral del alumnado, a través de un diseño ex post facto prospectivo de grupo único. Los resultados mostraron un aumento del desarrollo moral, en sus dos componentes, con significación estadística en el estadio 4 de las orientaciones o preferencias morales


The aim of this study was to increase moral development of the students with intellectual disabilities, through an intervention with values learning and adapted sports. The program was developed in a training course for Social and Labor insertion of People with Intellectual Disability. The sample consisted of 37 students of three consecutive promotions (n1 = 11; n2 = 12; n3 = 14), aged from 19 to 37 years (M = 24.49 ± 4.22). Instrument used was the Spanish version of the Moral Competence Test adapted to intellectual disability (MCT) which measures the two components of moral development through two scores: moral competence and moral orientations/preferences. A quasi-experimental recurrent institutional cycle cohort design was planned. This design involved three cohorts, evaluated in three consecutive years. In addition, to ensure the equivalence of the groups, a study was carried out on the influence of sociodemographic and clinical variables in the change of students' moral competence, through a prospective ex post facto single group design. The results showed an improvement in two components of moral development, with statistically significant differences in stage 4 of moral orienta-tions/preferences


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Deficiência Intelectual/psicologia , Desenvolvimento Moral , Esportes/psicologia , Estudantes/psicologia , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados não Aleatórios como Assunto , Estudos Transversais , Aprendizagem , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Testes Neuropsicológicos
3.
Cuad. bioét ; 30(99): 149-156, mayo-ago. 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-185231

RESUMO

Se analiza en primer lugar, la mutua interioridad que existe en toda acción humana entre su dimensión ética y técnica y más en concreto en la práctica sanitaria. Se establece que sólo con los hábitos técnicos o éticos o aplicando unas determinadas pautas deliberativas no se puede realizar un discernimiento sobre la bondad o no de una determinada acción. Para ello, se requiere adoptar una perspectiva personal, tanto para uno mismo como cuando se enjuician acciones de otros. Para ello en segundo lugar, es imprescindible la virtud de la prudencia para captar en el contexto concreto el bien a elegir. Esta cualidad ética está muy influida por el carácter ético global de la persona como por la capacidad deliberativa y el conocimiento de los principios éticos. Con respecto a lo segundo es necesario ejercitarse siguiendo las vías habituales por las que la persona toma decisiones y considera una acción determinada como buena o mala. Por ello, no se puede pretender que con métodos técnicos de decisión los profesionales sanitarios deliberen y tomen decisiones éticas. En conclusión es necesario que la prudencia de éstos, se apoye tanto en el carácter ético personal, como en el análisis de casos éticos en consonancia con el propio modo natural de actuar de la razón humana


First, the mutual interiority that exists in every human action between its ethical and technical dimen-sion is analyzed, more specifically in relation to health practice. It is established that by means of technical or ethical habits, or applying certain deliberative guidelines, alone it is not possible to discern between the goodness or not of a certain action. For this to be possible, it is necessary to adopt a personal perspective, both as regards oneself and when judging the actions of others. Secondly, then, the virtue of prudence is essential to choose the most best path in a specific context. This ethical habit is greatly influenced by the overall ethical character of the person and by their deliberative capacity and knowledge of ethical principles. With regard to the second, it is necessary to follow the usual ways by which the person makes decisions and considers a certain action as good or bad. Therefore, it cannot be pretend using technical decision-making methods health professionals will deliberate and make ethical decisions. In conclusion, it is necessary that the prudence of professionals be based both on the personal ethical character and on an analysis of ethical cases in consonance with the natural way in which human reason acts


Assuntos
Humanos , Tomada de Decisões/ética , Pessoal de Saúde/ética , Desenvolvimento Moral , Melhoramento Biomédico/ética , Justiça Social , Obrigações Morais , Moral , Estágio Clínico/ética
4.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 51(2): 99-104, feb. 2019. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-181074

RESUMO

Objetivo: La bioética se ha incorporado en la formación de las Facultades de Medicina las últimas décadas. Diversos estudios analizan el desarrollo ético-moral de los estudiantes y el efecto de la educación ética, midiendo la evolución del razonamiento moral de Kohlberg (médicos virtuosos), y la sensibilidad ética para resolver casos clínicos (médicos con habilidades éticas). El objetivo del estudio es valorar el impacto de la formación en ética en estas dos variables en nuestro ámbito. Diseño: Estudio observacional transversal. Emplazamiento: Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Lleida. Participantes: Un total de 175 estudiantes de tercer curso de medicina (78 antes de realizar bioética y 97 después de realizar bioética, en diferentes cursos). Intervención: Formación reglada en bioética. Mediciones principales: Se administra un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el Defining Issue Test de Rest como medida del razonamiento moral, y el Problem Identification Test de Hébert como medida de la sensibilidad ética. Resultados: Se halla una relación consistente y significativa entre razonamiento moral y sensibilidad ética. Las mujeres presentan mayor razonamiento posconvencional, es decir, mayor desarrollo moral. No se aprecian cambios en el estadio de razonamiento moral global de Kohlberg con la formación ética. Sí se incrementa de forma significativa y global la sensibilidad ética, medida en forma de Problem Identification Test. Conclusión: No se hallan diferencias en el desarrollo moral de estudiantes de medicina antes y después de la formación reglada en bioética, pero sí con respecto a las habilidades en resolución de casos. Se plantea si esta mejora es suficiente para formar médicos preparados para los nuevos retos


Objective: In the last decades, bioethics has been incorporated into the academic training of the Medical Schools. Some studies analyze the ethical-moral development of medical students and the effect of ethical education in other countries. This evaluation is done by measuring Kohlberg's moral reasoning (virtuous doctors), or ethical sensitivity to resolve clinical cases (physicians with ethical skills). The following study is proposed to assess the impact of bioethics training on these two variables, in Spanish medical students. Design: Observational cross-sectional study. Site: Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida. Participants: 175 students from third year of medicine (78 before bioethics and 97 after bioethics, in different courses) were conducted. Intervention: Bioethics course. Main measurements: A socio-demographic questionnaire, the Rest Defining Issue test scale, and Problem Identification Test with clinical vignettes were administered. Results: A consistent and significant correlation has been found between moral reasoning and ethical sensitivity. Women presented greater post-conventional reasoning. There were no changes in Kohlberg's stage of global moral reasoning with ethical training. There were changes in ethical sensitivity with bioethical training, with a significantly and globally improvement. Conclusion: In our study, training in bioethics does not improve moral development but rather the ethical problem solving skills. It is asked if this improvement is enough to train doctors prepared for the new challenges


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Bioética/educação , Educação Médica/ética , Avaliação Educacional , Desenvolvimento Moral , Estudantes de Medicina , Faculdades de Medicina/ética , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
5.
Cuad. psiquiatr. psicoter. niño adolesc ; (60): 111-114, jul.-dic. 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-158140

RESUMO

Desde que se advirtieran los trastornos de la vinculación (Bowlby, 1958) las categorías de apego se han ido ampliando según aumentaba la edad de los menores observados. Sin embargo, el apego se sigue limitado a los procesos madurativos que concurren durante la primera infancia. El apego como teoría clave para comprender el desarrollo evolutivo debería incorporar procesos madurativos relevantes de la segunda infancia como es el desarrollo moral. La construcción de un relato moral es necesaria para explicar una realidad subjetiva y compleja. Si el relato moral no se construye de manera satisfactoria se produce un trastorno del mismo que da lugar a una nueva categoría de apegos, los apegos alienados. Esta nueva categoría de apegos (subdivididos en beligerantes, abatidos e invadidos) da visibilidad a las características propias de la segunda infancia y posibilita un continuo teórico desde los primeros meses de vida hasta la edad adulta (AU)


Since (Bowlby, 1958) noticed about linkage disorders, categories of attachment have been expanding (insecure, controlling, unattached) as the age of the children observed increased. Nevertheless, attachment is still limited to the maturational processes which are present during early childhood. Attachment theory as key theory to understand evolutionary development should be able to incorporate maturational processes of second childhood as the moral development. Development of a moral narrative is necessary to explain a subjective and complex reality. If the moral narrative is not constructed in a satisfactory way, disorders that give rise to a new category of attachments, alienated attachments, occur. This new category of attachments (subdivided into belligerent, dejected and invaded) makes visible characteristics typical of second childhood and enables a theoretical continuum starting from early infancy to adulthood (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Desenvolvimento Moral , Psicologia da Criança/métodos , Psicologia do Desenvolvimento/métodos , Afeto/fisiologia , Apego ao Objeto , Teoria Psicanalítica , Psicanálise/instrumentação , Psicanálise/métodos , Psicanálise/tendências
6.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(5): 225-233, 1 mar., 2014. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-119421

RESUMO

Introducción. La moralidad es el conjunto de normas y valores que guían la conducta. Se mantienen en muy diferentes culturas. Permiten alcanzar logros sociales que sólo se entienden bajo el desarrollo moral, con un sentido de justicia que penetra toda acción humana. Las funciones morales, fruto del desarrollo evolutivo, asientan en circuitos neuronales propios. Objetivo. Describir su aparición, puesta en marcha y mecanismos operativos en el cerebro normal. Desarrollo. Las respuestas morales, en lo esencial homogéneas, están muy vinculadas al desarrollo emocional, tanto básico e individual (miedo o ira) como social (compasión o justicia). Aparecen a partir de los binomios emocionales placer/ dolor y recompensa/castigo, que conducen al binomio moral básico bueno/malo. En su puesta en marcha intervienen la corteza prefrontal (ventromedial y dorsolateral), la corteza singular anterior y el sulco temporal superior, que serían evaluativos y elaborativos, utilitaristas; también la ínsula, la amígdala y el hipotálamo , ejecutivos de las respuestas morales más emocionales puras y rápidas. Asimismo, es importante el sistema de neuronas espejo (frontoparietal), que permite el aprendizaje motor y las conductas empáticas, con las que se vincula con la teoría de la mente. Conclusiones. El desarrollo del sentido moral y sus respuestas nos han permitido alcanzar una complejidad y convivencia social que redundan en beneficio de la especie e individuos. El conocimiento del funcionamiento moral está influyendo también en territorios diversos de la neurocultura (AU)


Introduction. Morality is made of rules and values that guide human behavior. They barely change among different cultures. Social accomplishments are the result of moral development, due to a taint of fairness which pervades any human activity. The moral functions are the consequence of evolution and have their own specific neural circuits. Aim. To describe their appearance, starting and underlying mechanisms in the normal brain. Development. Moral responses are basically homogeneous. They are linked to the emotional development, as much basic and individual (fear, wrath) as social (compassion, justice). Their emergence is the result of the emotional dichotomies pleasure/pain and reward/punishment, which lead to the basic moral dichotomy good/bad. For their working it is required the running of the prefrontal cortex (ventromedian and dorsolateral), the anterior singular cortex and the superior temporal sulcus, that asses and elaborate and utilitarian moral response; and also the insula, the amygdale and the hypothalamus, that perform a quicker and emotionally rooted response. In addition, the mirror neuronal system (fronto-parietal) enables motor learning and empathy, linking this factor to the theory of mind. Conclusions. Moral sense and its responses underlay the complex social development that humans have reached and enjoyed. Thus opens ways for improving benefits in human groups and individuals alike. In addition, the knowledge of the normal function of the moral circuits is permeating and influencing the many areas of neuroculture (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Princípios Morais , Desenvolvimento Moral , Comportamento Social , Ética Baseada em Princípios , Sistema Nervoso Central/fisiologia , Neurônios-Espelho/fisiologia , Relações Interpessoais , Ajustamento Social
7.
FEM (Ed. impr.) ; 17(1): 55-62, mar. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-123959

RESUMO

Objetivo: Medir el razonamiento moral de los estudiantes de medicina antes y después de recibir formación en bioética en dos ámbitos culturales diferentes (Zaragoza y Doha) y de los residentes al inicio de su residencia (MIR1), correlacionando el razonamiento moral con el ámbito cultural y el ambiente de aprendizaje. Sujetos y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal del razonamiento moral con estudiantes de medicina y MIR1 y de intervención con seguimiento longitudinal del razonamiento moral antes y después de la formación en bioética, utilizando el test de razonamiento moral de Lind. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 273 cuestionarios iniciales de estudiantes (200 de Zaragoza y 73 de Qatar) y 141 de MIR1. Se tiene información antes y después de 122 estudiantes (44,7% del total), una quinta parte de Qatar. Antes de bioética, la media del C-score era de 14,24 ± 8,698 (n = 273). Después, la media era de 14,30 ± 10,111 (n = 194). La diferencia media antes-después fue de 0,79 ± 12,162 (n = 122). No hay diferencias del C-score por región, pero sí al dicotomizarlo en preconvencional (< 10) y convencional-posconvencional (> 10): 49% < 10 en Qatar frente a 30% en Zaragoza. También hay diferencias significativas en las respuestas dadas a los dos dilemas que conforman el test de razonamiento moral entre ambas regiones. Los MIR de Zaragoza muestran el mismo patrón de respuestas ante los dilemas que los estudiantes, pero su C-score es significativamente inferior (10,4 frente a 14,3). Conclusiones: Se confirman las hipótesis iniciales, aunque conviene profundizar en esta línea de investigación durante más cursos académicos, o incluyendo otros campus universitarios de las mismas zonas culturales


Aim: To measure the moral reasoning of medical students before and after training in bioethics in two different cultural settings (Zaragoza and Doha), as well as MIR1s in Zaragoza, correlating in both cases the possible changes in their moral reasoning with their cultural and learning environment. Subjects and methods: Observational study of moral reasoning with medical students and MIR1 and intervention with longitudinal follow up moral reasoning before and after training in bioethics, using Georg Lind's Moral Judgement Test. Results: There were 273 initial questionnaires of students (200 from Zaragoza, 73 from Qatar) and 141 MIR1. There were information before-after 122 students (44.7%, of which 1/5 from Qatar). Before bioethics training the average C-score was 14.24 ± 8.698 (n = 273). After training, the average was 14.30 ± 10.111 (n = 194). The mean difference before and after was 0.79 ± 12.162 (n = 122). No C-score differences by region were found, but the dichotomization in preconventional (< 10) and conventional-postconventional showed differences between Qatar and Zaragoza (> 10): 49% < 10 versus 30%, respectively). There were also significant regional differences in the responses to the two dilemmas that compose the Moral Judgement Test. The MIR of Zaragoza showed the same pattern of responses to the dilemmas than students but their C-score is significantly lower (10.4 versus 14.3). Conclusions: We confirm the initial hypothesis, although this line of research should be furthered to more academic years and more university campuses


Assuntos
Humanos , Bioética/educação , Princípios Morais , Desenvolvimento Moral , Racionalização , Educação Médica/tendências
8.
Psicológica (Valencia, Ed. impr.) ; 35(3): 569-583, 2014. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-127971

RESUMO

The present study contributes to the unification of two major theories of moral judgment: Kohlberg ́s stage theory and Anderson ́s theory of information integration. The subjects were told about the thoughts of a burglar stealing something out of a car. These thoughts represented Kohlberg ́s stage 3 and had three levels. In addition, stage 1 was represented by thoughts about the Personal Risk of being caught, and stage 4 by thoughts about the Societal Risk when everyone would do so. The thoughts were presented singly and in combinations (Friends ́ Opinions x Personal Risk and Friends ́ Opinions x Societal Risk). The subjects judged how many hours of social work the actor deserves as punishment. The data supported the averaging model of information integration theory, whereas Kohlberg's theory has no way to handle the integration problem. Results in contrast to expectations from stage theory were, (1) the effect size of the stage 3 informer was very small compared with the large effects of the stage 1 and of the stage 4 informers the latter being larger than the former, (2) Personal and Societal Risk correlated positively not expected by Kohlberg ́s stage theory (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Amigos/psicologia , Desenvolvimento Moral , Julgamento , Moral , Psicologia Experimental/métodos
9.
Psicológica (Valencia, Ed. impr.) ; 35(3): 585-600, 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-127972

RESUMO

The present study examined the cognitive processes by which persons who are differently involved in the practice of sport judge the extent to which an aggressive act performed by a player during a match in handball could be condoned. Thirty professional handball players, 35 amateur handball players, and 48 non-sporting individuals indicated this "condonability" in 48 scenarios. The scenarios were all combinations of 5 factors: (a) the consequences of the aggression (the victim is injured and must leave the game or the victim is not injured), (b) the current score (the team is winning or the team is losing), (c) the time left to play (very little time or quite some time), (d) the context of the aggression (the aggressor has been the victim of a previous act of aggression or not), (e) the relative importance of the game (friendly match or competitive match or European match). For 62% of the participants, violently pushing an opponent was considered as practically never condonable. For 38% of the participants, this behaviour was sometimes condonable. Professional handball players (60%), more frequently than lay people (27%) or amateurs (34%), supported the view that pushing an opponent can sometimes be condonable. Different positions on moral judgment were observed according to the involvement in the practice of sport (AU)


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Esportes/psicologia , Cognição , Violência/psicologia , Julgamento , Desenvolvimento Moral , Ética , Moral , Psicologia Experimental/métodos
10.
Span. j. psychol ; 14(1): 156-162, mayo 2011. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-96462

RESUMO

Recently a psychological mechanism has been proposed between bodily purity and moral purity: the «Macbeth effect». The act of washing their hands seems to free individuals of their guilt. However, the universality of this psychological mechanism is an empirical question that should be studied. In four studies we replicated the original Zhong & Liljenquist’s experiments with Spanish samples. We were unsuccessful in replicating the Zhong & Liljenquist´s results that supported cleansing as a psychological mechanism for compensating guilty: results couldn’t confirm an increased mental accessibility of cleansing-related concepts or even a greater desire for cleansing products, neither a greater likelihood of taking antiseptic wipes. In addition we didn’t find that physical cleansing alleviates the upsetting consequences of unethical behaviour. Spanish samples showed sensibility to morality and helping behaviour but not with cleansing as a way to reduce their threatened morality (AU)


Recientemente se ha propuesto un proceso psicológico que vincularía la limpieza corporal y la limpieza moral: el efecto Macbeth. De acuerdo con él, lavarse las manos nos ayudaría a liberarnos del sentimiento de culpa. Sin embargo, la universalidad de este fenómeno no está suficientemente acreditada y debe ser sometida a escrutinio empírico. Con ese fin, se replicaron con sujetos españoles los cuatro experimentos de Zhong y Liljenquist (2006). Los resultados no van en la línea de los originales, de modo que no se ha podido confirmar el carácter liberador de la culpa que tendrían los actos de lavado. Así, no se observó un incremento en la accesibilidad de los conceptos relacionados con la limpieza. Tampoco un incremento en el atractivo de los productos propios de esta actividad, ni un cambio en la probabilidad de elegir una toallita antiséptica. Por último, no se pudo observar que el acto de lavarse las manos aliviara las emociones negativas asociadas a un acto moralmente inadecuado. Los sujetos españoles, que sí son sensibles a las necesidades del prójimo, no parecen relacionar la limpieza con el alivio de esas emociones negativas (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Moral , Princípios Morais , Obrigações Morais , Codependência Psicológica , Culpa , Cognição/fisiologia , Impacto Psicossocial , Desenvolvimento Moral , Relações Interpessoais , Análise de Variância , Serviços de Saúde Mental/normas , Apoio Social
12.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 45(6): 326-330, nov.-dic. 2010. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-82934

RESUMO

Objetivo. Evaluar si las diferencias en decisiones dilemáticas reales entre adultos mayores institucionalizados y comunitarios son dependientes del contexto e historia de vida de los participantes, tanto en su desarrollo como en sus temáticas. Metodología. Estudio cualitativo y transversal de resolución de dilemas reales, mediante entrevistas e historias de vida. La muestra está compuesta por dos grupos de 40 adultos mayores de 65 años, uno procedente de un centro de la tercera edad (no residentes) y el otro de una residencia geriátrica (residentes), situados ambos en la ciudad de Rosario (Argentina). Se evaluaron las respuestas a dilemas en contextos hipotéticos y reales en las que se abordan tópicos como familia, política, bienestar personal, solidaridad, autoridad, conformidad con la vida y coherencia personal. Resultados. La mayoría de los no residentes alcanzaron el estadio convencional de razonamiento moral, y los temas predominantes fueron familia, solidaridad y sociopolítica. Los residentes alcanzaron los estadios convencional y posconvencional, y los temas prevalentes fueron autoridad, coherencia personal y familia, esta última con una visión negativa. Influyeron las condiciones sociales y la experiencia en los no residentes, y el aislamiento y la reflexión en los residentes. Conclusiones. a) El razonamiento moral depende del contexto vital; b) no es estereotipado; c) este conocimiento se debe incorporar en los planes educativos del adulto mayor para comprender los desempeños desde su propia perspectiva, y d) comprometer al resto de la sociedad en la integración del colectivo de adultos mayores aceptando sus posturas éticas, aun cuando no coincidan con las normas actuales(AU)


Objectives. To assess whether the differences in making decisions in real dilemmas between the institutionalised elderly and those living in the community are dependent on the context and life history, as well as on its development and subject matter. Methods. Qualitative and cross-sectional study on resolving real life dilemmas using interviews and story life. Two groups were assessed, each one with 40 elderly participants aged 65 and over, one group who lived in the community and attended a Retirement Centre, and the other group living in a Long term Care Facility, in Rosario (Argentina). Answers to dilemmas in hypothetical and real contexts were assessed and were mainly about family, politics, welfare, support, authority, personal coherence and life satisfaction topics. Results. Most of those residing in the Long Term Care Facility reached a conventional stage of moral reasoning, and the main topics were family, support and socio-political issues. Those living in the community reached conventional and post-conventional stages and the main topics were authority, personal coherence, and family, the latter with a negative trend. Social conditions and experience had a great influence on those living in the community and isolation in those living in Care Facilities. Conclusions. a) Moral reasoning depends on life contexts, b) it is not stereotyped, c) this knowledge must be incorporated into adult education programs in order to understand their developments from their own point of view and d) obtain a commitment from the rest of the society towards integration of the elderly, accepting their ethical postures even if these do not match current thinking(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Moral , Princípios Morais , Obrigações Morais , Condições Sociais/estatística & dados numéricos , Condições Sociais/tendências , Valores Sociais , Desenvolvimento Moral , Seguridade Social , Saúde da Família , Família
13.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 20(4): 712-717, 2008. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-68829

RESUMO

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre el afecto, la aceptación, la comunicación emocional, la transmisión de valores y la intervención moral de los padres, y las emociones y conductas morales (empatía, culpa, conducta internalizada y reparación) de los hijos; y conocer qué variables familiares explican la internalización moral en niños y niñas. La muestra estuvo formada por los padres y madres de 485 sujetos (244 niños y 241 niñas) de 6 a 8 años. Se encontró que la principal variable predictora de la capacidad de control de la conducta en las niñas fue el afecto materno, mientras que en los niños lo fueron la comunicación emocional y la transmisión de valores maternos. Las variables familiares que explican la internalización moral en los grupos extremos de niños y niñas fueron fundamentalmente el afecto, la comunicación emocional, la transmisión de valores y la intervención moral de padres y madres


This study aimed to analyze the relationship between parents’ affection, acceptance, emotional communication, the transmission of values and moral intervention, on the one hand, and children’s moral emotions and behaviors on the other (empathy, guilt, internalized behavior and reparation). It also aimed to identify the family variables that influence moral internalization in children. The sample comprised 485 children (244 boys and 241 girls) aged between 6 and 8. The results showed that the principal variable to predict internalized behavior in girls was maternal affection, whereas for boys, the principal variables were maternal emotional communication and transmission of values. The family variables that explain moral internalization in extreme groups of children are basically parents’ affection, emotional communication, the transmission of values and moral intervention


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Desenvolvimento Moral , Comportamento Infantil/psicologia , Relações Familiares , Princípios Morais , Afeto , Comunicação , Desejabilidade Social , Comportamento Social
14.
Psicol. educ. (Madr.) ; 9(1): 33-56, ene.-jun. 2003.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-114922

RESUMO

En este estudio se analiza la influencia de las variables sexo, edad, educación formal y tipo de centro sobre el desarrollo del razonamiento moral, conceptualizado éste desde el enfoque cognitivo-evolutivo de Kohlberg. Para ello se utiliza una muestra de 556 adolescentes y jóvenes. Como instrumentos de evaluación se usan el DIT, el PROM-R y el IRI. Los resultados indican que el sexo no tiene ningún efecto significativo en el razonamiento moral de los adolescentes y jóvenes. Asimismo, en la adolescencia y juventud, se produce con el transcurso de la edad una transición gradual de una moral convencional a una moral posconvencional. Además, se confirma el efecto positivo de la educación formal sobre el desarrollo del razonamiento moral. Finalmente, el tipo de centro donde se han cursado o cursan estudios no ejercen influencia significativa alguna sobre el razonamiento moral de los adolescentes


This paper examines the influence of gender, age, formal education and type of educational center on the development of moral reasoning as it is conceptualized in Kohlberg's cognitive-developmental approach. A sample of 556 teenagers and youngsters is used. Evaluation instruments include DIT, PROM-R and IRI. Results show that gender does not significantly influence moral reasoning of adolescents and youngsters. Likewise, as time goes by, there is a smooth transition in adolescence and youth from a conventional moral to a post-conventional one. Furthermore, the positive effect of formal education on the development of moral reasoning is proved. Finally, the type of educational center has no significant effect on adolescent moral reasoning


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Princípios Morais , Desenvolvimento Moral , Psicometria/instrumentação , Escolaridade , Características Culturais , Distribuição por Idade e Sexo
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