RESUMO
Forty four consecutive patients of Afro-Caribbean origin resident in the United Kingdom (UK) were studied, based on a provisional diagnosis of myelopathy of unknown cause, tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) or multiple scherosis (MS). Of 30 patients with progressive paraparesis 27 had serum antibodies to HTLV-1 and were classified as having TSP. Fourteen patients fulfilled the criteria for MS and none of 12 tested had HTLV-1 antibodies. All the TSP patients and nine of those with MS were born in West Indies. Five of the West Indian born MS patients had migrated to the UK after adolescence but the duration of residents in the UK before symptoms of MS developed was similar to those born in the UK (average 18 years). The features that differentiated MS from TSP patients, apart from HTLV-1 status, included clinical evidence of cranial nerve involvement, more extensive abnormalities on the brain and cervical cord MRI and asymmetry of the VEP latency increase, all of which were more frequent in the MS group. Of the three patients without a diagnosis one, born in the UK, had marked abnormalities on MRI of the brain indistinguishable from those seen in MS (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Feminino , Comparação Transcultural , Infecções por HTLV-I/epidemiologia , Esclerose Múltipla/epidemiologia , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/epidemiologia , Cérebro/patologia , Estudos Transversais , Eletroencefalografia , Emigração e Imigração , Inglaterra/epidemiologia , Potenciais Evocados/fisiologia , Infecções por HTLV-I/diagnóstico , Incidência , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Esclerose Múltipla/diagnóstico , Exame Neurológico , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical/diagnóstico , Fatores de Risco , Medula Espinal/patologia , Índias Ocidentais/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Transient potential changes evoked in response to light stimuli, and presumably arising from rhabdomeric eye-spots in the cercarial body, were recorded for the first time, to our knowledge, in helminth parasites. Pigmented Cercaria caribbea LXXI gave a very slowly adapting response to maintained light stimulus, while a non-pigmented variety appeared to emit a stronger, rapidly adapting response to light onset. Swimming towards a directional light source is disrupted by several neurophamacological agents, which presumably disturb synaptic transmission in the nerve/muscle system. The light evoked potentials were unaffected by these same agents and therefore, appeared to be directly recorded receptor potentials.(AU)
