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Pythiosis is the disease caused by aquatic oomycetes of the genus Pythium. In dogs the typical course of the disease involves the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by transmural thickening of the stomach or intestines. However, infection by Pythium spp. has only rarely been recognized as a cause of esophagitis in dogs. Thus, the present reports a case of esophageal and gastric pythiosis in an eight-month-old female pit bull dog. The dog was attended at the hospital after two months presenting regurgitation and dyspnea. It was reported that the dog lived in an urban area and had no previous sanitary issues. At clinical examination it was noted that the dog presented crackling sounds at pulmonary auscultation. A support therapy accompanied by antibiotics has been employed; however, 22 days after hospitalization the clinical condition worsened, and the dog died. At necropsy, the wall of the distal segment of the esophagus and the cardia and part of the fundus of the stomach were expanded by a focal extensive irregular intramural annular mass. Additionally, there was a transmural esophageal fistula. At histology, the walls of the esophagus and stomach were extensively expanded by multifocal extensive areas of necrosis, associated with a pyogranulomatous infiltrate and abundant granulation tissue containing multiple negative images of hyphae that were highlighted by silver impregnation (Grocott). Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and PCR for P. insidiosum were both positive in samples of paraffin-embedded esophageal tissue.

A Pitiose é uma doença causada por oomicetos aquáticos do gênero Pythium. Em cães o curso típico da doença envolve o trato gastrointestinal, caracterizado por espessamento transmural do estômago ou intestinos. No entanto, a infecção por Pythium spp. raramente foi reconhecida como causa de esofagite em caninos. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de pitiose esofágica e gástrica em um canino Pit Bull fêmea de oito meses de idade. O cão foi recebido no hospital com histórico de regurgitação e dispneia durante dois meses. Foi relatado que o animal era de um domicílio de área urbana e não possuía histórico pregresso de enfermidades. No exame clínico contatou-se ainda crepitações à ausculta pulmonar. Foi instituído tratamento de suporte e antibioticoterapia, porém após 22 dias de internação, o cão evoluiu para o óbito. Na necropsia, as paredes do segmento distal do esôfago e o cárdia e parte do fundo do estômago estavam expandidos por uma massa anular intramural focalmente extensiva e irregular. Além disso, havia uma fístula esofágica transmural. À histologia, as paredes do esôfago e do estômago apresentavam-se difusamente expandidas por áreas multifocais extensas de necrose, associadas a infiltrado piogranulomatoso, abundante proliferação de fibroblastos imaturos, neovascularização e contendo múltiplas imagens negativas de hifas realçadas pela impregnação por prata (Grocott). Além disso, tanto a imuno-histoquímica como PCR para P. insidiosum foram positivas em amostras de esôfago embebidas em parafina.

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Background: The myxomatosis degeneration is a degenerative cardiac valve disease, with a higher incidence in maleand senile canids. The diagnosis is made by a doppler echocardiography exam. Although there are few reports on the occurrence of cardiopathies in wild dogs (Cerdocyon thous), some studies on their cardiological parameters can be found.Considering this, and knowing that the cardiopathies in wild canids are common post mortem findings, the objective of thisstudy is to describe the echocardiography diagnosis of a case of myxomatous degeneration of the atrioventricular valvesin 1 wild dog (Cerdocyon thous) living in captivity.Case: It was treated at the Diagnostic Imaging Department of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso(HOVET-UFMT), 1 wild dog (C. thous), male, living in captivity with approximately 10-year-old, directed by the Center ofMedicine and Research in Wild Animals of Cuiabá, to perform echocardiography exam. The patient was submitted to anesthesiafor proper examination, which was used Esaote® machine model MyLabFive VET with sector scan transducer (4.0 -7.5 MHz).The longitudinal, transverse and apical scan planes were obtained through left and right parasternal windows. The evaluation ofM mode exposed ejection fraction and shortening increased, of 81% and 47%, respectively, however it showed no increase insystolic and diastolic values of left ventricle, nor in right cavities on subjective evaluation. The relation between the left atrium(LA) and the aorta (Ao) remained normal, at 1.2 mm, with dimensions of 13.4 mm from the AO and 16.3 mm from LA, compatible with species parameters or domestic canines. The atrioventricular valves showed thickening and irregularities in their cusps,with great intensity in the left atrioventricular valve (LAV). The Doppler mode analysis revealed a turbulent systolic flow into the...

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Background: Mycobacteriosis is caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Mycobacterium, with considerable zoonoticpotential and risk to public health. Infection in dogs is rare and is usually associated with immunosuppression, resultingfrom eating meat or contact with contaminated soil or fomites. Dogs are also known as potential sources for the spread ofatypical tuberculosis in humans and other animals. This paper aims to describe the clinical, cytological, histopathological,and molecular findings of a male canine seen at University Veterinary Hospital of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, with generalizedlymphadenomegaly associated Mycobacterium intracellulare infection.Case: A 2-year-old male Lhasa Apso dog was referred to the University Veterinary Hospital in Cuiabá city, located in theMidwest region of Brazil. The patient had a history of intermittent claudication of the left pelvic limb for approximately6 months and lymphadenomegaly with progression for approximately 2 months. The dog had wheezing and generalizedlymphadenopathy (submandibular, axillary, and popliteal lymph nodes); cryptorchidism was also observed. A completeblood count revealed nonspecific results, and in the serum biochemical profile, the values of urea, creatinine, albumin, andalanine aminotransferase were within the reference range. No changes were observed on the radiography of the femurotibiopatellar joints. Considering the generalised lymphadenopathy, fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathologicalexamination through biopsy of the lymph nodes was performed. On the cytology and histopathology, numerous negativeimages of moderately refringent bacillary structures distending the cytoplasm from the macrophages was found. Thesamples were also subjected to special Ziehl-Neelsen staining, which confirmed an accentuated and diffuse granulomatouslymphadenitis associated with alcohol...

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Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of the disease coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in humans. SARS-CoV-2 has been identified in cats with or without clinical signs. Case presentation: We describe the pathological and molecular findings in a six-month-old asymptomatic cat with SARS-CoV-2 infection from Brazil, belonging to a human family with COVID-19 cases. The pool of nasopharynx and oropharynx swabs at day zero tested positive by RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2. No amplification resulted from molecular testing performed on days 7 and 14. The cat was hit by a car and died 43 days after the molecular diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry at post-mortem examination demonstrated nucleocapsid protein in samples from the lungs, kidneys, nasal conchae, trachea, intestine, brain and spleen. Conclusion: The present study has highlighted the possibility that viral antigens can be detected by immunohistochemistry in multiple organs six weeks after infection, although the same tissues tested negative by RT-PCR.(AU)

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Abstract Leishmania infantum is a trypanosomatid that causes parasitic dermatopathy in dogs. Trypanosoma caninum is another trypanosomatid, which infects the skin of dogs, although cutaneous abnormalities are absent. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of T. caninum infection and its associated cutaneous and histological changes and compare it with the occurrence of L. infantum infection in dogs. The study included 150 dogs, of which T. caninum infection was identified in 3 (2%) and L. infantum infection in 15 (10%) of them, with no association (p>0.05) of these infections with the breed, gender, age, or cutaneous abnormalities. The cutaneous abnormalities were based on 1 (4.8%) and 12 (57.1%) dogs infected by T. caninum and L. infantum, respectively. The dermatohistopathological abnormalities in the dogs infected with T. caninum included mild perivascular lymphohistioplasmacytic infiltrates in the clinically asymptomatic ones, while in those with dermatological abnormalities, acanthosis, epidermal orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis, melanomacrophages, and co-infection with Microsporum sp. and Trichophyton sp. were observed. InL. infantum infected, the histopathological findings included chronic granulomatous inflammatory infiltrates and structures compatible with amastigotes. Despite the low frequency of T. caninum infection, our findings suggest that this trypanosomatid, unlike L. infantum, does not cause any macroscopic skin abnormalities.

Resumo Leishmania infantum é um tripanosomatídeo que causa dermatopatia parasitária em cães. Trypanosoma caninum é outro tripanosomatídeo, que infecta a pele de cães, embora anormalidades cutâneas sejam ausentes. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência da infecção por T. caninum e suas alterações cutâneas e histológicas associadas e compará-las com a ocorrência da infecção por L. infantum em cães. O estudo incluiu 150 cães, dos quais a infecção por T. caninum foi identificada em 3 (2%) e a infecção por L. infantum em 15 (10%) deles, sem associação (p>0,05) dessas infecções com a raça, sexo, idade ou anormalidades cutâneas. As alterações cutâneas foram observadas em 1 (4,8%) e 12 (57,1%) cães infectados por T. caninum e L. infantum, respectivamente. As anormalidades dermato-histopatológicas nos cães infectados por T. caninum incluíram infiltrados linfo-histioplasmocitários perivasculares leves nos clinicamente assintomáticos, enquanto naqueles com anormalidades dermatológicas, foram observados acantose, hiperqueratose ortoqueratótica epidermal e melanomacrófagos e co-infecção por Microsporum sp. e Trichophyton sp. Nos cães infectados por L. infantum, os achados histopatológicos incluíram infiltrados inflamatórios granulomatosos crônicos e estruturas compatíveis com amastigotas. A despeito da baixa frequência da infecção por T. caninum, nossos achados sugerem que esse tripanosomatídeo, diferentemente de L. infantum, não causa anormalidades macroscópicas na pele.

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Background: Adrenal incidentalomas are masses accidentally discovered during imaging examinations performed whenthere is no suspicion of adrenal disease. Even with a low prevalence, it is important to perform a reliable evaluation observing biological behavior and determining whether the hormonal activity is stimulated. Frequently, these masses are notfunctional, but in some cases, there is increased cortisol activity, and patients with adrenal incidentalomas may presenthyperadrenocorticism. This report aims to describe the clinical, tomographic, and histopathological aspects of a case ofadrenal incidentaloma detected in a routine abdominal ultrasound.Case: An 8-year-old, male, maltese dog with occasional emesis, halitosis, claudication of the left pelvic limb, and previous compensated and untreated cardiomyopathy was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of MatoGrosso (HOVET-UFMT). Physical examination revealed arterial hypertension and claudication, with the positive posteriordrawer test suggesting rupture of the cruciate ligament. The blood count showed no alteration, and the serum biochemistryrevealed a slight increase in the activity of alanine aminotransferase. In order to investigate this increase, an abdominalultrasound was performed. Slight hepatomegaly and a heterogeneous mass of irregular edges were observed with a moderate and difficult-to-delimit vascularization of the adrenal gland. Left knee radiography raised the suspicion of rupture ofthe cranial cruciate ligament due to the cranial displacement of the tibia in relation to the femur. Computed tomographywas performed to define the extent and delimitation of the mass, which was compatible with a tumor of the right adrenalgland characterized by the visualization of an abdominal mass...

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Background: The Green iguana (Iguana iguana) is a reptile belonging to the Iguanidae family. It is an ectothermic animalwith arboreal habits and a daytime activity pattern. Leaves, fruits, and eggs are part of their diet. These animals can be foundin the South, North and Central America. Free-living Green iguanas may suffer stress during environmental changes, whichcan lead to a homeostatic imbalance. There is a correlation between stress and anorexia which results in an increase in theoccurrence of fractures. Reptile fractures are generally treated by providing rigid stabilization and alignment maintenance.The present study reports the use of locking-plate osteosynthesis in one iguana.Case: One female green iguana, weighing 1.690 kg, was assisted at the Hospital Veterinário (Hovet) - Federal da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). During anamnesis, it was observed that this iguana was a non-captive animal,which had fallen from a tree. The animal was unable to perform physical movements with the forearm displaying bonecrepitation. It was also observed apathy and dehydration. The iguana was subjected to a range of supplementary examinations and on the x-ray image, it was detected that there was a complete right humerus fracture. Following examination,the animal underwent surgery for fracture stabilization. Humerus osteosynthesis was performed with compression in a 1.5mm 6-hole locking-plate. During the osteosynthesis procedure a morphogenetic graft was inserted. Immediate post-surgeryradiographic evaluation was performed, and that confirmed fracture reduction and bone alignment. The animal displayedclinical improvement after the second post-operative day once it returned to regular ingestion of diet. On the 30th postoperative day, the radiographic evaluation showed evidence of bone consolidation. On the 40th post-operative day, theanimal displayed satisfactory gait and voluntary ingestion of food, thus enabling its return to...

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Background: Cerebral cavernous hemangioma is a rare neoplasm of vascular origin in the brain, characterized by abnormally dilated vascular channels surrounded by endothelium without muscle or elastic fibers. Presumptive diagnosis isperformed by magnetic resonance or computed tomography (CT) scanning and can be confirmed by histopathology. Theprognosis of intracranial cavernous hemangioma is poor, with progression of clinical signs culminating in spontaneousdeath or euthanasia. The purpose of this paper is to report a case of cerebral cavernous hemangioma in a dog, presentingthe clinical findings, tomographic changes, and pathological findings.Case: This case involved a 2-year-old medium sized mixed breed female dog presenting with apathy, hyporexia, ataxia,bradycardia, dyspnea, and seizure episodes for three days. Hemogram and serum biochemistry of renal and hepatic function and urinalysis did not reveal any visible changes. CT scanning was also performed. The scans revealed a hyperdensenodule of 15.9 x 14 mm, with well defined borders, and a hypodense halo without post-contrast enhancement and masseffect in the right parietal lobe was observed in both transverse and coronal sections. Based on the image presented in theCT scans, the nodule was defined as a hemorrhagic brain lesion. The animal died after a seizure. The right telencephalonwas subjected to necropsy, which revealed a reddish-black wel-defined nodule 1.7 cm in diameter extending from theheight of the piriform lobe to the olfactory trine at the groove level and extending towards the lateral ventricle, with slightcompression and deformation of the thalamus but no other macroscopic alterations in the other organs. The histopathologyindicated that this nodular area in the encephalus contained moderate, well-delimited but unencapsulated cellularity, composed of large vascular spaces paved with endothelial cells filled with erythrocytes, some containing eosinophilic fibrillarmaterial ...

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ABSTRACT: Pythiosis in felines is a rare disease associated with the oomycete Pythium insidiosum. The aim of this report was to describe the macroscopic, histopathological, and molecular characteristics of P. insidiosum infection in a 2-year-old cat, with a localized invasive subcutaneous mass. The feline had an increase of volume near the anal region since it was younger. The cat died just after surgery. The necropsy was performed, and samples were collected for histopathological examination. Microscopically, the skin lesion was characterized by necro-eosinophilic dermatitis, panniculitis, and myositis surrounding negatively stained hyphal structures. In the sections stained with GMS, dark brown hyphae were clearly seen inside the affected tissue. They were rarely septate and their walls were almost parallel. Immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal anti-P. insidiosum antibody showed a strongly immunostained hyphae into the lesions. The analysis based on PCR had a positive result for P. insidiosum. Pythiosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous tissue disorders in felines.

RESUMO: Pitiose em felinos é uma doença de ocorrência rara associada ao oomiceto Pythium insidiosum. O objetivo deste relato é descrever as características macroscópicas, histopatológicas e moleculares da infecção por P. insidiosum em um gato de dois anos de idade, com uma massa invasiva localizada no subcutâneo. O gato morreu logo após a cirurgia, sendo realizada a necropsia e coleta de amostras para exame histopatológico. Microscopicamente, a lesão cutânea foi caracterizada por dermatite necroeosinofílica, paniculite e miosite envolvendo imagens de hifas negativamente coradas. Nas seções coradas com GMS, hifas marrom-escuras foram claramente vistas dentro do tecido afetado. As hifas raramente eram septadas e suas paredes eram quase paralelas. A imuno-histoquímica, utilizando um anticorpo policlonal anti-P. insidiosum, mostrou hifas fortemente imunomarcadas nas lesões. A análise baseada em PCR teve resultado positivo para P. insidiosum. A pitiose deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de desordens teciduais subcutâneas em felinos.

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Background: Lead poisoning is one of the major toxic diseases of cattle. Contamination occurs with ingestion of products containing lead, especially batteries, or through contaminated pastures and water sources. Clinical signs are neurological and necropsy findings and histopathological changes may vary depending on the clinical presentation. Although the disease is widely reported in the literature, there are rare descriptions of intoxication in cattle raised in military training areas. This work describes the epidemiological, clinical and anatomopathological features of an outbreak of lead poisoning in cattle kept in a military artillery training camp.Case: Fifteen cattle out of a herd of sixty 4-6 year-old, mixed breed castrated males were affected. The cattle were held in a 100 ha of native pasture used for military artillery training. After three weeks in this area, the affected cattle had predominantly neurological clinical manifestations, characterized by somnolence, ambulatory incoordination, muscle tremors, bruxism, aimless walking, blindness and decubitus. The clinical course was 24-72 h. Eight of the 15 affected cattle died and two were necropsied. Necropsy finds were non-specific and the histological lesions of both necropsied cattle were restricted to the brain and kidneys. Laminar neuronal necrosis, neuropil vacuolization (spongiosis) and vascular endothelial hypertrophy were observed in the telencephalic cortex. Additionally there was astrocytic degeneration and neuronophagia. There was degeneration and necrosis of renal tubular epithelium and in one bovine there were intranuclear inclusion bodies in the renal epithelial cells; these inclusion bodies were highlighted using both modified Ziehl-Neelsen and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stains. The levels of lead found in the kidneys and livers of the two necropsied cattle were respectively 51.7 μg/g and 41.00 μg/g for one of the necropsied cattle; and 431μg/g and 39.0 μg/g for the other.[...]

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Niedenzuella stannea é uma planta que contém monofluoracetato de sódio e é incriminada como causa de morte súbita em bovinos na Região Sul do Estado de Mato Grosso. Este estudo descreve a toxidez e achados clínicos e patológicos da intoxicação experimental por N. stannea em ovinos. Foram utilizados no experimento, frutos, folhas maduras e folhas jovens de N. stannea coletadas em propriedades as margens de afluentes das bacias hidrográficas do Rio Araguaia onde havia histórico de morte súbita em bovinos. Folhas maduras em doses entre 10 e 40g/kg e frutos na dose de 10 g/kg não causaram alterações clínicas. Alterações clínicas foram observadas em ovinos que receberam a partir de 5g/kg de folhas jovens em dose única e a morte ocorreu nos que receberam a partir de 30g/kg. A toxicidade na dose de 30g/kg se manteve após a secagem da planta. Os principais sinais clínicos foram anorexia, apatia, dispneia, arritmia e taquicardia em evolução clínica que variou de 16 às 20h. Notou-se em uma fase terminal hiperaguda, com evolução de 13 a 20 min., relutância ao movimento, micção frequente, jugular ingurgitada, pulso venoso evidente, tremor muscular, decúbito esternal e decúbito lateral e morte. Na necropsia os principais achados foram ingurgitamento de grandes veias, das aurículas do coração e edema pulmonar. Microscopicamente a principal alteração ocorreu no rim e caracterizou-se por degeneração hidrópico-vacuolar no citoplasma de epitélio de túbulos contorcidos distais. Conclui-se que N. stannea na fase de brotação é tóxica para ovinos e que a intoxicação por esta planta deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial das doenças com curso clínico hiperagudo ou morte súbita em ovinos em regiões onde a planta existe.(AU)

Niedenzuella stannea a sodium monofluoroacetate-containing plant cause sudden death in cattle in southern Mato Grosso State. This investigation describes the toxicity and clinical and pathological findings of experimental poisoning by N. stannea in sheep. Fruits, mature leaves and young leaves of the plant collected in properties near the margins of the Araguaia river basins with history of sudden death in cattle were used in the experiment. No clinical signs were observed in sheep ingesting doses between 10 and 40g/kg of mature leaves and 10g/kg of fruits. The animals had shown clinical signs when received young leaves of the plant orally in a single dose of 5, 10, 20g/kg, and death occurred in sheep receiving 30g/kg. The plant at the dose of 30g/kg of fresh leaves maintained its toxicity after being dried. The main clinical signs observed were anorexia, lethargy, dyspnea, tachycardia, and arrhythmia with a clinical course ranging 16-20 hours after the onset of clinical signs. In an hyperacute terminal phase the animals showed reluctance to move, frequent urination, engorged jugular, evident venous pulse, muscle tremor, sternal recumbence, lateral decubitus, and death. At necropsy engorgement of the atrium and large veins of the heart, and pulmonary edema were observed. Microscopically, the kidney had hydropic-vacuolar degeneration in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubules. It is concluded that young leaves of N. stannea can cause intoxication in sheep and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute diseases or sudden death in sheep in regions where the plant exist.(AU)

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The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of an acute disease that was characterized by sudden death associated with exercise that affected cattle in the region of the Araguaia River, especially in the municipality of Torixoréu, southeastern Mato Grosso, Brazil. Between August and September 2013, eighty farms in the municipality were visited and the pastures of these farms were inspected. Epidemiological questionnaires were completed from 65 farms. A plant identified as Niedenzuella stannea (N. stannea) of the Malpighiaceae family was attributed to the cause of sudden death in cattle, what causes major economic losses. Sudden death reports have occurred since 1970, when livestock was introduced into the region, and sudden death reports still occur. Outbreaks were reported to occur from May to October, but mainly during the dry season between June and August. N. stannea was identified at 41 farms and was always found in near to rivers. The most effective plant control methods included plowing the pastures and fields followed by manual application of Tordon® (Picloram and 2.4D). The administration of 5g/kg of young leaves which were collected from a farm with a sudden death history in cattle also caused sudden death in a sheep. Thus, it is concluded that the sudden death of cattle in the region of the Araguaia River is caused by the consumption of N. stannea.(AU)

O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a investigação sobre uma enfermidade de caráter agudo, caracterizada por morte súbita associada ao exercício, que acomete bovinos na região de bacias hidrográficas do Rio Araguaia, especialmente no município de Torixoréu, sudeste do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Entre agosto e setembro de 2013, foram visitadas e inspecionadas as pastagens em 80 propriedades rurais do município, e em 65 aplicado um questionário epidemiológico. Uma planta identificada como Niedenzuella stannea (Malpighiaceae), é incriminada como causadora de morte súbita em bovinos gerando grandes prejuízos econômicos. Relatos de morte súbita datam desde 1970, quando a pecuária começou a ser inserida na região, e ocorrem até os dias atuais. Surtos ocorreram em diferentes meses do ano, variando de maio a outubro, sendo a maior parte concentrada durante o período de seca, especialmente nos meses de junho a agosto. N. stannea foi identificada em 41 propriedades, sendo presente próxima aos leitos de rios. Os métodos de controle da planta relatados como mais eficazes foram o arar da pastagem e roça manual seguida da aplicação de Tordon® (Picloram e 2,4D). A administração para um ovino, de 5g/kg de folhas em brotação de N. stannea, coletadas em uma propriedade com histórico de morte súbita em bovinos, reproduziu o quadro de morte súbita. Conclui-se que as mortes súbitas em bovinos em áreas da bacia hidrográfica do rio Araguaia se devem ao consumo de N. stannea.(AU)

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A febre catarral maligna (FCM) é uma doença causada pela infecção de bovinos pelo herpesvírus ovino tipo 2 (OvHV-2), responsável por perdas econômicas em diferentes regiões do Brasil. Neste trabalho descreve-se a detecção molecular por nested-PCR (nPCR) do OvHV-2 em amostras de secreção/esfoliação nasal e fração celular sanguínea (FCS) de ovinos provenientes de 8 propriedades do Distrito Federal. Das 188 amostras nasais analisadas, 88 (41,5%) foram positivas. Ovelhas prenhes não apresentaram diferenças na taxa de infecção em comparação com fêmeas paridas. Fêmeas recém-paridas apresentaram taxa de infecção pelo OvHV-2 maior que em animais que pariram há mais de 60 dias. Amostras de secreção/esfoliação nasal permitiram a detecção por nPCR de animais infectados com uma eficiência aproximadamente duas vezes maior que em amostras de fração celular sanguínea. No Brasil, informações epidemiológicas sobre a infecção pelo OvHV-2 nos rebanhos ovinos e fatores envolvidos no surgimento de surtos de FCM em bovinos são escassos. Este estudo pode servir de subsídio para elucidar as características da enfermidade e para novos estudos sobre a epidemiologia da doença no Distrito Federal e em outros Estados do Brasil.(AU)

Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a disease caused by bovine infection with ovine herpesvirus type 2 (OvHV-2) and responsible for economic losses in different Brazilian regions. This paper describes the molecular detection of OvHV-2 by nested-PCR (nPCR) in nasal secretion/exfoliation samples and blood cell fraction (BCF) of sheep from 8 properties in the Federal District. Among the 188 nasal samples, 88 (41.5%) were positive to OvHV-2. Pregnant ewe presented no differences at the infection rate in comparison with parous females. Newly calved sheep showed higher OvHV-2 infection rate than female over 60 days of calving. Nasal samples allowed the detection of infected animals by nPCR with efficiency about twice than that in the blood cell fraction samples. In Brazil, epidemiological information about OvHV-2 infection in sheep flocks and factors involved in emergence of FCM outbreaks in cattle are still scarce. This study may provide support for elucidating some characteristics of the disease and for further epidemiological studies in the Federal District and other Brazilian States.(AU)

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Background: Renal dysplasia, which has been reported in some dogs and human patients, refers to a developmental disorder of renal parenchyma due to imperfect inductive interaction between the mesonephric duct and the metanephric blastemal. In dogs, the characteristic histological findings on which diagnosis is based include (1) persistent metanephric ducts surrounded by primitive mesenchyme, (2) fetal or immature glomeruli, (3) fetal or immature tubules, and (4) anomalous presence of interstitial fibrous tissue. The aim of this study was to report the major pathological and immunohistochemical features of nine young dogs necropsied with renal dysplasia.Cases: The necropsy files from the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) of the Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT) were reviewed between the years 2008 and 2013. Dogs diagnosed with chronic kidney failure and macroscopic and histopathological renal lesions consistent with renal dysplasia were selected. Kidney fragments in paraffin blocks were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using anti-vimentin and anti-cytokeratin monoclonal antibodies. The staining was considered positive for the presence of at least one renal cell marked with brown cytoplasmic staining clear and unambiguous. A total of 787 necropsies of dogs were performed. Of these, 64 had a clinical diagnosis of [...]

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In Brazil sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA) containing plants are represented by 16 species that belong to three principle genera: Palicourea ( Rubiaceae ), Amorimia ( Malpighiaceae ), and Tanaecium ( Bignoniaceae ). These plants can cause acute cardiac failure often referred to as sudden death syndrome. The objective of this paper was to determine if N. stannea contains MFA and to report the clinical signs and pathology of cattle experimentally poisoned by this plant. MFA was detected in all N. stannea plant parts except mature leaves. Niedenzuella stannea was dosed to cattle at single doses of 15-30g kg-1 bw. Clinical signs and pathology observed were similar to those reported by other MFA-containing plants. Animals showed marked tachycardia, labored breathing, muscle tremors, loss of balance, ataxia, falling, recumbence, pedaling movements, and opisthotonous leading to death in few minutes. Gross lesions included engorgement of the large veins, severe lung edema, and petechiae , ecchymosis and suffusions in the pericardium, epicardium and pleura. Histologically, hydropic vacuolar degeneration and necrosis of epithelial cells of the kidney were observed. Cattle that received daily doses of 4g kg-1 body weight for 24 days showed no clinical signs. In summary, this is the first report that N. stannea contains monofluoroacetate and causes sudden death in cattle.

No Brasil as plantas que contêm monofluoroacetato de sódio (MFA) são representadas por 16 espécies e pertencem a três principais gêneros: Palicourea ( Rubiaceae ), Amorimia ( Malpighiaceae ) e Tanaecium ( Bignoniaceae ). Estas plantas podem causar falha cardíaca aguda que frequentemente é referida como síndrome da morte súbita. O objetivo deste trabalho é determinar se N. stannea contêm MFA e relatar os sinais clínicos e patológicos em bovinos associados à intoxicação experimental por esta planta. Monofluoroacetato foi detectado em todas as partes da N. stannea , exceto em folhas maduras. Niedenzuella stannea foi fornecida a bovinos em doses únicas de 15-30g kg-1 peso vivo. Os sinais clínicos e patológicos observados foram similares aos relatados pelas intoxicações por outras plantas que contêm monofluoroacetato. Os animais apresentaram taquicardia acentuada, respiração profunda, tremores musculares, perda de equilíbrio, ataxia, queda, decúbito, movimentos de pedalagem e opistótono, seguido de morte em poucos minutos. As lesões macroscópicas observadas foram ingurgitamento de grandes vasos, edema pulmonar acentuado, petéquias, equimoses e sufusões no pericárdio, epicárdio e pleura. Histologicamente foi observado degeneração hidrópica vacuolar e necrose de células do epitélio renal. Bovinos que receberam doses diárias de 4g kg-1 peso vivo por 24 dias seguidos não apresentaram sinais clínicos. Este é o primeiro relato que N. stannea contêm MFA e causa morte súbita em bovinos.

Resumo

A Osteoartrite (OA) é uma denominação clínica para uma combinação de condições patológicas que envolvem a degeneração progressiva da cartilagem articular e remodelação de osso subcondral. A curcumina, um potente agente anti-inflamatório, têm sido extensivamente estudada, no entanto não oferece boa biodisponibilidade sistêmica. Nanopartículas de ouro (AuNPs) apresentam aplicações potenciais na administração de substâncias terapêuticas aumentando a eficiência do transporte de fármacos. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar a síntese e caracterização de um sistema conjugando as AuNPs à curcumina e avaliar seu potencial terapêutico em um modelo experimental de OA em camundongos por desestabilização do menisco medial (DMM). As AuNPs foram conjugadas com curcumina e os sistemas foram caracterizados por espectroscopia no UV-VIS, espalhamento de luz dinâmico (DLS) e determinação do potencial zeta. Formou-se 4 grupos de oito animais cada, denominados A, B, C, D que receberam injeção intra-articular de AuNPs, curcumina, AuNP-curcumina e solução fisiológica, respectivamente. Após 7 semanas, a cartilagem da articulação-femoro- tibio-patelar (AFTP) foi avaliada em uma variação de escore de 0 a 24. A conjugação de AuNP-curcumina mostrou boa estabilidade e aplicação terapêutica, mas não diferiu significativamente (P>0,05) dos grupos A e B, no entanto, mostrou menor valor de escore e significância (P<0,001) em relação ao grupo controle. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram a importância do desenvolvimento de novos nanofármacos. Neste caso a conjugação de AuNPs com a curcumina permitiu a obtenção de um nanofármaco com sugestivo potencial para aplicação no tratamento da OA.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the clinical term for a combination of pathological conditions that involve the progressive degeneration of articular cartilage and subchondral bone remodelling. Curcumin, a potent anti-inflammatory agent, has been extensively studied; however, it does not provide good systemic bioavailability. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have potential applications in the administration of therapeutic substances in order to increase the transport efficiency of drugs. The objectives of this study were to explore the synthesis and characterization of a system combining AuNPs with curcumin and evaluate its therapeutic potential in an experimental model of OA in mice by the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). The AuNPs were conjugated with curcumin and the systems were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential. Four groups of eight animals each were formed and labelled A, B, C, and D, which received intra-articular injections of AuNPs, curcumin, AuNP-curcumin, and physiologic solution, respectively. After seven weeks, the cartilage of the stifle joint (SJ) was rated on a scale ranging from 0 to 24. Combination of AuNP-curcumin demonstrated good stability and therapeutic applications, but it did not differ significantly (P>0.05) from groups A and B. However, the control group had a significantly lower score (P<0.001). Results of this study demonstrated the importance of developing new nanodrugs. In this case, the combination of AuNPs and curcumin yielded the nanodrug effects suggestive of a potential for application in the treatment of OA.

Resumo

Background: Brachiaria spp. is the main pasture for ruminant productions in Brazil, but the limiting factor for its use is the toxicity due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Chronic ingestion of Brachiaria spp. by cattle may cause liver changes such as fibrosis, bile duct proliferation and clusters of foamy macrophages in the hepatic parenchyma. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the most frequent histological changes and their frequencies in livers collected in abattoirs in Brazil from beef cattle raised exclusively on Brachiaria spp. and compare them with those observed in animals kept in Andropogon spp. grass and native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul.Materials, Methods & Results: Liver samples without macroscopic changes were collected in abattoirs from 561 healthy Nelore and Nelore crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria spp. pastures from Mato Grosso (MT), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Minas Gerais (MG) and Pará (PA) States. Liver samples from 84 Angus cattle (Bos taurus) kept on native pastures in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and from 60 Nelore and Nelore crossbreed cattle raised in Andropogon spp. pastures in Tocantins State (TO) were collected as control. Semi-quantitative analysis of the histopathological changes were proceeded: (-) = no change; (+) = slight or discreet change; (++) = moderate change and (+++) = marked change. The main histopathological [...]

Resumo

Background: Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal tissue that exhibits various histological features and a differentiated biological clinical behavior.The combination of clinical, radiological, and histopathological features is important for diagnosis. Surgical treatment of neoplasms with pelvic involvement is a challenge.Primary bone tumors are rare in cats and are mostly reported in older animals. The objective of this paper was to report the case of a feline subjected to total hemipelvectomy as primary treatment of pelvic OSA; the surgical technique and histological analysis of the tumor are described.No signs of recurrence were seen during seven months of follow-up. Case: A 4-year-old female mixed breed cat weighing 3 kg was presented with a one year history of increased volume on the hip joint region. Palpation of the increased volume on the hip showed a firm, adhered, and painful mass. Radiographic examination of the pelvis in the dorso ventral projection exhibited a severe osteoblastic bone reaction on the proximal femur, as well as marked periosteal reaction of the hip joint with involvement of the acetabulum. A ventral approach total hemipelvectomy technique was adopted for excision of the tumor. The animal was placed on a lateral position and a circumferential skin incision was performed on the ipsilateral limb of the affected hemipelvis, on the [...]

Resumo

Background: Hemangiosarcoma is a malignant endothelial cell-derived neoplasm characterized by an intense cellular proliferation organized in a solid or cavernous pattern. Is characterized by intense cell proliferation, and organized in vascular slits, filled with blood, with fast grow and there is a high recurrence rate. This paper reports a case of multiple hemangiosarcoma in a Rufous-bellied Thrush (Turdus rufiventris). Case: A free-living Rufous-bellied Thrush (Turdus rufiventris), was attended at the veterinary hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT) - Cuiabá, presenting prostration and three masses located in the following regions: left periorbital area, left lateral insertion of the beak and distal portion of the left tibia. The masses were blackened colored with an irregular aspect, and the cut surface was multiple cavity, filled with a blackened gelatinous material. The animal died during the surgical procedure and was sent to necropsy. Additionally, special immunohistochemistry staining was used in the tumors sections, with primary anti-S-100, anti-Von Willebrand Factor, anti-desmin, anti-actin, anti-cytokeratin and anti-vimentin. The three masses have rounded shape, multilobuled surface, deep red to blackened color, with skin adhered base, and, when cut, blackened color with multiple cavities filled with red to blackened gelatinous material and [...]

Resumo

ABSTRACT: Amorimiapubiflora (Malpighiaceae), which contains sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA) is the main cause of "sudden death" in cattle in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso. This research investigated the induction of resistance to the poisoning in sheep by the continuous administration of non-toxic doses of the plant and also the possibility to transfer this resistance to other sheep by the transfaunation of ruminal fluid. For this a group of four sheep (G1) received daily doses of 0.5g kg-1 for 20 days and after an interval of 15 days were challenged with three daily doses of 1g kg-1 for 3 days. Also the transfer of resistance to A. pubiflora poisoning was evaluated by transfaunation of rumen fluid (100ml for 10 days) from G1 sheep to five sheep (G2), followed by challenge with the dose of 1g kg-1 for 3 days (G2D2) and after a three-day interval they received a single dose of 3g kg-1 (G2D3). The degree of resistance was evaluated by monitoring the onset of clinical signs, heart rate, and outcome of the poisoning compared with the control groups, which were challenged with three daily doses of 1g kg1 (G3) and with a single dose of 3g kg-1 (G4). Clinical parameters evaluated in Groups G1 and G2 were significantly less pronounced than those observed in G3 and G4 (control) (P<0.05). Sheep in G4 (control) died after receiving a single dose of 3g kg-1, while those in G2 (transfaunated) survived. These findings demonstrated that consumption of non-toxic doses of A. pubiflora induced resistance in sheep and that this resistance can be transferred by transfaunation. New experiments are needed to determine the most efficient ways to induce resistance and to use this technique in the field to prevent the poisoning.

RESUMO: Amorimiapubiflora(Malpighiaceae) contém monofluoroacetato de sódio (MFA) e é uma das principais causas de "morte-súbita" em bovinos no estado de Mato Grosso, no Brasil. Este trabalho investiga a indução de resistência à intoxicação por A. pubiflora em ovinos, através da administração repetida de doses não tóxicas, e também se é possível transferir essa resistência para outros ovinos por transfaunação do fluido ruminal. Para a indução à resistência, um grupo com quatro ovinos (G1) recebeu doses diárias individuais de 0,5g kg-1 de folhas de A. pubiflora durante 20 dias. Após um intervalo de 15 dias, os ovinos desse grupo foram desafiados diariamente, durante 3 dias consecutivos, com a dose de 1g kg-1. A transferência de resistência à intoxicação por A. Pubiflora foi avaliada por transfaunação de conteúdo ruminal (100ml diariamente durante 10 dias) do G1, para cinco ovinos (G2). Após essa etapa, os cinco ovinos do Grupo G2 receberam a dose de 1g kg-1 por três dias (G2D2) e, após um intervalo de 3 dias, quatro ovinos do G2 receberam uma única dose de 3g kg-1 (G2D3). O grau de resistência foi conferido mediante o monitoramento do início dos sinais clínicos, frequência cardíaca, desfecho da intoxicação e comparação com grupos controle, os quais foram desafiados com três doses repetidas de 1g kg-1 (G3) e uma dose única de 3g kg-1 (G4). Os parâmetros clínicos avaliados nos Grupos G1 e G2 foram significativamente menos evidentes do que os observados nos G3 e G4 (controles) (P<0,05). Os ovinos do G4 (controle) morreram após receber a dose única de 3g kg-1, enquanto os do G2 (transfaunados) sobreviveram. Esses achados indicam que o consumo de doses não tóxicas de A. pubiflora induz resistência em ovinos e que a resistência pode ser transferida por transfaunação. Novos experimentos são necessários para determinar as formas mais práticas para induzir resistência e a forma de usar essa técnica no campo para controlar a intoxicação por essa planta.