Tumor venéreo transmissível cutâneo sem envolvimento genital em cão macho / Transmissible cutaneous venereal tumor without genital involvement in a male dog / Cutánea tumor venéreo transmisible sin la participación genital en perro macho

O tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT) trata-se de uma neoplasia de células redondas, transmitida a partir do transplante de células neoplásicas, altamente contagiosa, que afeta principalmente a genitália externa de caninos e também regiões extragenitais. A forma cutânea geralmente acomete a região de face e membros, secundária a um foco genital primário de forma simultânea. Relata-se um caso de TVT cutâneo sem envolvimento genital em um cão macho sem padrão de raça definida (SPRD), quatro anos de idade, semidomiciliado, com queixa principal de aparecimento de lesão única, de caráter nodular, friável, ulcerada com exsudação sanguinolenta na região cervical lateral. Foi realizada punção aspirativa com agulha fina para avaliação citológica, que demostrou predomínio de células redondas monomórficas, com vacuolização citoplasmática, citoplasma basofílico e escasso, além de núcleos ovais e centralizados, citologia esta compatível com TVT. Adotou-se o protocolo de tratamento quimioterápico com sulfato de vincristina 0,025 mg/kg a cada sete dias, com regressão completa do tumor após seis semanas. O envolvimento do tecido cutâneo sem acometimento venéreo é raro, e diante disso o TVT pode ser incluído como diagnóstico diferencial de lesões nodulares ou tumorais isoladas.(AU)

The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a round cells tumor, transmitted from the highly contagious neoplastic cell transplantation, which mainly affects the external genitalia of dogs and also extragenital regions. The cutaneous form usually affects the region of the face and limbs, secondary to a primary genital focus simultaneously. A case of cutaneous TVT without genital involvement is reported in a four-year-old male, without racial standard set, half-domiciled, with a major complaint of a nodular, friable and ulcerated lesion with bloody exudation in the lateral cervical region. Fine needle aspiration was performed for cytological evaluation, and presented a monomorphic round cell population, with cytoplasmic vacuolization, basophilic and scarce cytoplasm, oval and centralized nuclei. The cytology evaluation was compatible with TVT. The chemotherapy protocol was adopted with vincristine sulphate at 0.025 mg/kg every 7 days. Complete regression of the tumor mass was observed after six weeks. Involvement of the cutaneous tissue without venereal involvement is uncommon, and there after the TVT is included as a differential diagnosis of isolated nodular cutaneous lesions.(AU)

El tumor venéreo transmisible (TVT) se trata de una neoplasia de células redondas, transmitida a partir del transplante de células neoplásicas, altamente contagiosa, que afecta principalmente a los genitales externos de los caninos y también a las regiones extragenitales. La forma cutánea generalmente acomete la región de cara y miembros, secundaria a un foco genital primario de forma simultánea. Se relata un caso de TVT cutáneo sin implicación genital en un perro macho, cuatro años de edad, semidomiciliado, con queja principal de aparición de lesión única, de carácter nodular, friable, ulcerada con exudación sanguinolenta en la región cervical lateral. Se realizó una punción aspirativa con aguja fina para evaluación citológica, y obtuvo como resultado el predominio de células redondas monomórficas, con vacuolización citoplasmática, citoplasma basofílico y escaso, además de núcleos ovalados y centralizados, citología esta compatible con TVT. Se adoptó el protocolo de tratamiento quimioterápico con sulfato de vincristina 0,025 mg / kg cada siete días, regresión completa del tumor después de seis semanas. La participación del tejido cutáneo sin afectación venérea es rara, y ante todo el TVT se incluye como diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones nodulares o tumorales aisladas.(AU)

Tumor venéreo transmissível cutâneo sem envolvimento genital em cão macho / Transmissible cutaneous venereal tumor without genital involvement in a male dog / Cutánea tumor venéreo transmisible sin la participación genital en perro macho

O tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT) trata-se de uma neoplasia de células redondas, transmitida a partir do transplante de células neoplásicas, altamente contagiosa, que afeta principalmente a genitália externa de caninos e também regiões extragenitais. A forma cutânea geralmente acomete a região de face e membros, secundária a um foco genital primário de forma simultânea. Relata-se um caso de TVT cutâneo sem envolvimento genital em um cão macho sem padrão de raça definida (SPRD), quatro anos de idade, semidomiciliado, com queixa principal de aparecimento de lesão única, de caráter nodular, friável, ulcerada com exsudação sanguinolenta na região cervical lateral. Foi realizada punção aspirativa com agulha fina para avaliação citológica, que demostrou predomínio de células redondas monomórficas, com vacuolização citoplasmática, citoplasma basofílico e escasso, além de núcleos ovais e centralizados, citologia esta compatível com TVT. Adotou-se o protocolo de tratamento quimioterápico com sulfato de vincristina 0,025 mg/kg a cada sete dias, com regressão completa do tumor após seis semanas. O envolvimento do tecido cutâneo sem acometimento venéreo é raro, e diante disso o TVT pode ser incluído como diagnóstico diferencial de lesões nodulares ou tumorais isoladas.

The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a round cells tumor, transmitted from the highly contagious neoplastic cell transplantation, which mainly affects the external genitalia of dogs and also extragenital regions. The cutaneous form usually affects the region of the face and limbs, secondary to a primary genital focus simultaneously. A case of cutaneous TVT without genital involvement is reported in a four-year-old male, without racial standard set, half-domiciled, with a major complaint of a nodular, friable and ulcerated lesion with bloody exudation in the lateral cervical region. Fine needle aspiration was performed for cytological evaluation, and presented a monomorphic round cell population, with cytoplasmic vacuolization, basophilic and scarce cytoplasm, oval and centralized nuclei. The cytology evaluation was compatible with TVT. The chemotherapy protocol was adopted with vincristine sulphate at 0.025 mg/kg every 7 days. Complete regression of the tumor mass was observed after six weeks. Involvement of the cutaneous tissue without venereal involvement is uncommon, and there after the TVT is included as a differential diagnosis of isolated nodular cutaneous lesions.

El tumor venéreo transmisible (TVT) se trata de una neoplasia de células redondas, transmitida a partir del transplante de células neoplásicas, altamente contagiosa, que afecta principalmente a los genitales externos de los caninos y también a las regiones extragenitales. La forma cutánea generalmente acomete la región de cara y miembros, secundaria a un foco genital primario de forma simultánea. Se relata un caso de TVT cutáneo sin implicación genital en un perro macho, cuatro años de edad, semidomiciliado, con queja principal de aparición de lesión única, de carácter nodular, friable, ulcerada con exudación sanguinolenta en la región cervical lateral. Se realizó una punción aspirativa con aguja fina para evaluación citológica, y obtuvo como resultado el predominio de células redondas monomórficas, con vacuolización citoplasmática, citoplasma basofílico y escaso, además de núcleos ovalados y centralizados, citología esta compatible con TVT. Se adoptó el protocolo de tratamiento quimioterápico con sulfato de vincristina 0,025 mg / kg cada siete días, regresión completa del tumor después de seis semanas. La participación del tejido cutáneo sin afectación venérea es rara, y ante todo el TVT se incluye como diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones nodulares o tumorales aisladas.

Multiple metastases of a transmissible venereal tumor in a dog

Background: Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a common contagious neoplasm in dogs that spreads through coitus.Extra-genital presentations of this tumor are frequent and usually develop through implantation of neoplastic cells onexposed mucosae. TVT metastasis is rare, and when it happens it’s usually affecting regional lymph nodes and adjacentcutaneous tissue.Case: A female mixed breed dog, with estimated age of 7 to 11 months old, was rescued from the streets and taken to aveterinary clinic in the city of Porto Alegre, RS. The animal had multiple nodules on its body, vulva, ocular mucosa, andgingiva, along with signs of malnutrition and apathy. Cytological examination of the nodules and vulva was done andyielded a cytologic picture compatible with TVT. Weakly treatment with 0,3mg/m² vincristine sulphate was used untilclinical cure was noted. Approximately two weeks after clinical cure, the dog showed a blue colored eye and was referredfor ophthalmological, where it was diagnosed with vision loss due to glaucoma secondary to a neoplasm. The eye wasthen removed and sent for histopathological evaluation. Histopathology of the eye was compatible with TVT diagnosis.One month after enucleation the animal display dispenia, pain, aggressiveness and epistaxis. The animal was euthanizedand submitted for post-mortem evaluation. At necropsy there was a well-defined grayish-white, nodule near the thalamus.Similar nodules were also found on the lung, and anterior chamber of the eye. Histologically, all the nodules were compatible with TVT. Immunohistochemical examination was done, with the neoplastic cells being positive for vimentin andnegative for cytokeratin, CD79a, CD3 and CD117. Based on the post-mortem examination and clinical history, diagnosisof TVT...

Multiple metastases of a transmissible venereal tumor in a dog

Background: Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a common contagious neoplasm in dogs that spreads through coitus.Extra-genital presentations of this tumor are frequent and usually develop through implantation of neoplastic cells onexposed mucosae. TVT metastasis is rare, and when it happens its usually affecting regional lymph nodes and adjacentcutaneous tissue.Case: A female mixed breed dog, with estimated age of 7 to 11 months old, was rescued from the streets and taken to aveterinary clinic in the city of Porto Alegre, RS. The animal had multiple nodules on its body, vulva, ocular mucosa, andgingiva, along with signs of malnutrition and apathy. Cytological examination of the nodules and vulva was done andyielded a cytologic picture compatible with TVT. Weakly treatment with 0,3mg/m² vincristine sulphate was used untilclinical cure was noted. Approximately two weeks after clinical cure, the dog showed a blue colored eye and was referredfor ophthalmological, where it was diagnosed with vision loss due to glaucoma secondary to a neoplasm. The eye wasthen removed and sent for histopathological evaluation. Histopathology of the eye was compatible with TVT diagnosis.One month after enucleation the animal display dispenia, pain, aggressiveness and epistaxis. The animal was euthanizedand submitted for post-mortem evaluation. At necropsy there was a well-defined grayish-white, nodule near the thalamus.Similar nodules were also found on the lung, and anterior chamber of the eye. Histologically, all the nodules were compatible with TVT. Immunohistochemical examination was done, with the neoplastic cells being positive for vimentin andnegative for cytokeratin, CD79a, CD3 and CD117. Based on the post-mortem examination and clinical history, diagnosisof TVT...(AU)

Efeitos de sulfato de vincristine sobre os testículos de ratos albinos, tratados na fase pré-púbere

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the vincristine sulfate effect on rat testes treated in pre pubertal stage, especially regarding the changes of Sertoli cells and germ cells. Thirty control rats and 30 rats treated with vincristine sulfate were used. The drug application occurred at 15 days of life, and euthanasia at 40, 64 and 127 days of life to enable evaluation at different stages of reproductive development. Biometric measurements were performed (body and testicular weights), testicular morphometric measures (major and minor testicular axis and of seminiferous tubule and seminiferous lumen) and stereological (testicular volumes and volume densities of the tubular and testicular interstitial tissue). The biometric measurements were made on all rats in the experiment, and morphometric and stereological analysis was carried out in 200 seminiferous tubules. The results demonstrate that vincristine sulfate reduces biometric parameters such as body weight, testicular weight and the total testicular volume. Morphometric and stereological variables as diameter of the seminiferous tubules, height of the seminiferous epithelium and volume of the seminiferous tubules were also reduced. The most affected cell types were spermatogonia, late spermatids and Sertoli cells.

RESUMO: Este trabalho visou avaliar os efeitos de sulfato de vincristine sobre os testículos de ratos tratados na fase pré púbere, sobretudo quanto às alterações das células de Sertoli e das células germinativas. Foram utilizados 30 animais controles e 30 tratados com sulfato de vincristine. As aplicações da droga ocorreram aos 15 dias de vida, e a eutanásia aos 40, 64 e 127 dias de vida para possibilitar a avaliação em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento reprodutivo. Foram realizadas medidas biométricas (pesos corpóreos e testiculares), medidas morfométricas testiculares, (eixos testiculares maiores e menores, diâmetros testiculares de túbulo e lúmen seminíferos, e altura do epitélio seminífero) e estereológicas (volumes testiculares e as densidades de volume do tecido tubular e do tecido intersticial testicular). As medidas biométricas foram feitas em todos os animais do experimento, e as avaliações morfométricas e estereológicas foram realizadas em 200 túbulos seminíferos. Os resultados demonstraram que sulfato de vincristine reduz parâmetros biométricos como peso corpóreo, peso testicular e volume testicular total. Variáveis morfométricas e estereológicas como diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos, altura do epitélio seminífero e volume dos túbulos seminíferos também foram reduzidos. Os tipos celulares mais atingidos foram as espermatogônias, espermátides tardias e células de Sertoli.

Efeitos de sulfato de vincristine sobre os testículos de ratos albinos, tratados na fase pré-púbere / Effects of vincristine sulphate on albino rat testis treated in the prepuberal phase

Este trabalho visou avaliar os efeitos de sulfato de vincristine sobre os testículos de ratos tratados na fase pré púbere, sobretudo quanto às alterações das células de Sertoli e das células germinativas. Foram utilizados 30 animais controles e 30 tratados com sulfato de vincristine. As aplicações da droga ocorreram aos 15 dias de vida, e a eutanásia aos 40, 64 e 127 dias de vida para possibilitar a avaliação em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento reprodutivo. Foram realizadas medidas biométricas (pesos corpóreos e testiculares), medidas morfométricas testiculares, (eixos testiculares maiores e menores, diâmetros testiculares de túbulo e lúmen seminíferos, e altura do epitélio seminífero) e estereológicas (volumes testiculares e as densidades de volume do tecido tubular e do tecido intersticial testicular). As medidas biométricas foram feitas em todos os animais do experimento, e as avaliações morfométricas e estereológicas foram realizadas em 200 túbulos seminíferos. Os resultados demonstraram que sulfato de vincristine reduz parâmetros biométricos como peso corpóreo, peso testicular e volume testicular total. Variáveis morfométricas e estereológicas como diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos, altura do epitélio seminífero e volume dos túbulos seminíferos também foram reduzidos. Os tipos celulares mais atingidos foram as espermatogônias, espermátides tardias e células de Sertoli.(AU)

This study evaluated the vincristine sulfate effect on rat testes treated in pre pubertal stage, especially regarding the changes of Sertoli cells and germ cells. Thirty control rats and 30 rats treated with vincristine sulfate were used. The drug application occurred at 15 days of life, and euthanasia at 40, 64 and 127 days of life to enable evaluation at different stages of reproductive development. Biometric measurements were performed (body and testicular weights), testicular morphometric measures (major and minor testicular axis and of seminiferous tubule and seminiferous lumen) and stereological (testicular volumes and volume densities of the tubular and testicular interstitial tissue). The biometric measurements were made on all rats in the experiment, and morphometric and stereological analysis was carried out in 200 seminiferous tubules. The results demonstrate that vincristine sulfate reduces biometric parameters such as body weight, testicular weight and the total testicular volume. Morphometric and stereological variables as diameter of the seminiferous tubules, height of the seminiferous epithelium and volume of the seminiferous tubules were also reduced. The most affected cell types were spermatogonia, late spermatids and Sertoli cells.(AU)

Efeitos de sulfato de vincristine sobre os testículos de ratos albinos, tratados na fase pré-púbere / Effects of vincristine sulphate on albino rat testis treated in the prepuberal phase

Este trabalho visou avaliar os efeitos de sulfato de vincristine sobre os testículos de ratos tratados na fase pré púbere, sobretudo quanto às alterações das células de Sertoli e das células germinativas. Foram utilizados 30 animais controles e 30 tratados com sulfato de vincristine. As aplicações da droga ocorreram aos 15 dias de vida, e a eutanásia aos 40, 64 e 127 dias de vida para possibilitar a avaliação em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento reprodutivo. Foram realizadas medidas biométricas (pesos corpóreos e testiculares), medidas morfométricas testiculares, (eixos testiculares maiores e menores, diâmetros testiculares de túbulo e lúmen seminíferos, e altura do epitélio seminífero) e estereológicas (volumes testiculares e as densidades de volume do tecido tubular e do tecido intersticial testicular). As medidas biométricas foram feitas em todos os animais do experimento, e as avaliações morfométricas e estereológicas foram realizadas em 200 túbulos seminíferos. Os resultados demonstraram que sulfato de vincristine reduz parâmetros biométricos como peso corpóreo, peso testicular e volume testicular total. Variáveis morfométricas e estereológicas como diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos, altura do epitélio seminífero e volume dos túbulos seminíferos também foram reduzidos. Os tipos celulares mais atingidos foram as espermatogônias, espermátides tardias e células de Sertoli.(AU)

This study evaluated the vincristine sulfate effect on rat testes treated in pre pubertal stage, especially regarding the changes of Sertoli cells and germ cells. Thirty control rats and 30 rats treated with vincristine sulfate were used. The drug application occurred at 15 days of life, and euthanasia at 40, 64 and 127 days of life to enable evaluation at different stages of reproductive development. Biometric measurements were performed (body and testicular weights), testicular morphometric measures (major and minor testicular axis and of seminiferous tubule and seminiferous lumen) and stereological (testicular volumes and volume densities of the tubular and testicular interstitial tissue). The biometric measurements were made on all rats in the experiment, and morphometric and stereological analysis was carried out in 200 seminiferous tubules. The results demonstrate that vincristine sulfate reduces biometric parameters such as body weight, testicular weight and the total testicular volume. Morphometric and stereological variables as diameter of the seminiferous tubules, height of the seminiferous epithelium and volume of the seminiferous tubules were also reduced. The most affected cell types were spermatogonia, late spermatids and Sertoli cells.(AU)

Three cases of exclusively extragenital canine transmissible Venereal Tumor (cTVT)

Background: Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (cTVT) is a neoplasia that affects mainly the genital organs of dogs, but can rich extragenital sites as well. It´s a tumor characterized microscopically by the presence of vacuolized round cells. Transmission occurs by implantation of these cells in non-affected tissues and the treatment is based on vincristine chemotherapy.Cases: Case 1. A 5-year-old intact male Poodle, presenting an increase volume of nasal plane came for veterinary care at a private veterinary clinic. The animal had bilateral bloody nasal secretion and dyspnea. The external genitalia had no alterations. The cytological evaluation confirmed cTVT. Treatment with vincristine sulfate weekly showed a rapid response with improvement of the respiratory condition, total remission of the mass and absence of neoplastic cells in cytology. Case 2. A 5-year-old mixed-breed canine bitch, weighing 6.7 kg, was brought to the State University of Santa Cruz Veterinary Hospital (UESC-VH), showing an increase volume in the nasal plan region, with complaints about sneezing, nasal bleeding, respiratory distress with approximately 4 months of evolution. The owner informed that the mother of these female dog, that lived in the same environment, died a month before the beginning of clinical signs of the bitch of this case, and showed a reddish vaginal mass with intense bleeding. Intranasal exfoliative cytology showed moderately cellular sample compatible with cTVT. The treatment with vincristine sulphate for 6 weeks, showed completely remission of all clinical signs. Case 3. A 3-year-old mixed-breed male dog was brought to the UESC-VH with a reddish, friable mass located in the left eye. The citology confirmed the clinical suspicion of cTVT. After six weekly sessions of chemotherapy with vincristine sulfate, the tumor regressed and a new cytological evaluation was performed, without visible of tumor cells.[...]

Three cases of exclusively extragenital canine transmissible Venereal Tumor (cTVT)

Background: Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor (cTVT) is a neoplasia that affects mainly the genital organs of dogs, but can rich extragenital sites as well. It´s a tumor characterized microscopically by the presence of vacuolized round cells. Transmission occurs by implantation of these cells in non-affected tissues and the treatment is based on vincristine chemotherapy.Cases: Case 1. A 5-year-old intact male Poodle, presenting an increase volume of nasal plane came for veterinary care at a private veterinary clinic. The animal had bilateral bloody nasal secretion and dyspnea. The external genitalia had no alterations. The cytological evaluation confirmed cTVT. Treatment with vincristine sulfate weekly showed a rapid response with improvement of the respiratory condition, total remission of the mass and absence of neoplastic cells in cytology. Case 2. A 5-year-old mixed-breed canine bitch, weighing 6.7 kg, was brought to the State University of Santa Cruz Veterinary Hospital (UESC-VH), showing an increase volume in the nasal plan region, with complaints about sneezing, nasal bleeding, respiratory distress with approximately 4 months of evolution. The owner informed that the mother of these female dog, that lived in the same environment, died a month before the beginning of clinical signs of the bitch of this case, and showed a reddish vaginal mass with intense bleeding. Intranasal exfoliative cytology showed moderately cellular sample compatible with cTVT. The treatment with vincristine sulphate for 6 weeks, showed completely remission of all clinical signs. Case 3. A 3-year-old mixed-breed male dog was brought to the UESC-VH with a reddish, friable mass located in the left eye. The citology confirmed the clinical suspicion of cTVT. After six weekly sessions of chemotherapy with vincristine sulfate, the tumor regressed and a new cytological evaluation was performed, without visible of tumor cells.[...](AU)

Prevalence of different cytomorphological types of transmissible venereal tumours and the association with prognosis in dogs treated with vincristine sulphate: retrospective study / Prevalência dos diferentes tipos morfológicos de tumor venéreo transmissível e a associação com o prognóstico dos cães tratados com sulfato de vincristina: estudo retrospectivo

Canine transmissible venereal tumours (CTVT) are the most commonly diagnosed tumours in veterinary hospitals. CTVT is morphologically classified as a round cell tumour, although the exact origin of the cells is unknown. Immunohistochemical studies have suggested histiocytic and mesenchymal origin. CTVT can be classified as lymphocyte-like, plasmocyte-like, and mixed according to their cytomorphological features. The treatment of choice for CTVT is chemotherapy with vincristine sulphate applied weekly; this produces a good prognosis. However, an increase in the number of chemotherapy applications and adjuvant therapies has become common. The aim of this study was to determine the association of cytomorphological types of CTVT with resistance and partial resistance to vincristine sulphate and the possible need for a large number of chemotherapy sessions. A retrospective study of a 24-month period evaluated 46 diagnosed and treated cases of CTVT. It was concluded that there is a higher prevalence of plasmacyte-like, followed by mixed and lymphocyte-like CTVT. The cytomorphological type did not differ in relation to the response to the treatments with vincristine sulphate and the number of chemotherapy sessions necessary for CTVT regression has increased by factors not yet elucidated.(AU)

O tumor venéreo transmissível canino (TVT) é a neoplasia mais comumente diagnosticada nos hospitais veterinários, morfologicamente é classificado como células tumorais redondas, embora a origem exata dessas células seja desconhecida, estudos imunohistoquímicos sugerem origem histocítica e mesenquimal. O TVT pode ser classificado de acordo com suas características citomorfológicas como linfocítico, plasmocítico e misto,. Geralmente são benignos, entretanto podem apresentar metástase. O tratamento de escolha do TVT é quimioterapia com sulfato de vincristina aplicada uma vez por semana, com um bom prognóstico. Contudo, nos últimos anos tem se observado a necessidade de aumento no número de aplicações da quimioterapia e terapias adjuvantes. O objetivo nesse estudo foi associar os tipos morfológicos de TVT com a resposta a quimioterapia com sulfato de vincristina, em um estudo retrospectivo realizado no período de 24 meses com 46 casos. Pode-se concluir que há uma maior prevalência dos tipos de TVT plasmocítico, seguido do misto e depois do linfocítico, e que os tipos citomorfológicos não diferem em relação à resposta ao tratamento com sulfato de vincristina. O número de sessões de quimioterapia necessárias para regressão do TVT teve um aumento por fatores ainda não elucidados.(AU)

Linfoma digestivo em gato doméstico (Felis catus): relato de caso / Digestive lymphoma in domestic cat (Felis catus): Case report

This study aimed to describe a digestive lymphoma in a female cat with twelve years old, cross breed and negative for feline leukemia (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). During physical examination was observed a moderate dehydration and abdominal pain. During transabdominal ultrasound was observed a spleen size increase with anecogenic areas with moderate vascularization, suggestive for tumor. Histopathologic examination of tumor was spleen lymphoma - lymphoblastic lymphoma. Immunohistochemical examination classification was B lymphocytes cells tumor. Chemotherapy with vincristine sulphate and prednisone, followed by total splenectomy was performed. Animal demonstrated improvements after treatment and three months after was diagnosed a liver lymphoma and the owner asks for euthanasia. The present case report shows tnecessity of chemotherapy to control this type of tumor, to increase the quality and patient survival. Digestive lymphoma with high rate of mitosis can be observed in cat with over 10 years old without being associated with infection by FIV or FeLV.

O objetivo do trabalho foi descrever um caso de linfoma digestivo em uma gata de 12 anos de idade, sem raça definida, com sorologia negativa para leucemia felina (FeLV) e imunodeficiência felina (FIV). Durante o exame físico foi observado desidratação moderada e dor abdominal. No exame transabdominal ultrassonográfico foi observado esplenomegalia e áreas anecogênicas dispersas na região do corpo e cabeça esplênica, moderada vascularização, sendo sugestivo a neoplasia. A neoplasia foi classificada como linfoma esplênico, do tipo linfoma linfoblástico. O exame imunofenotípico, classificou o linfoma como linfoma das células B. A neoplasia foi tratada com quimioterapia combinada de sulfato de vincristina e prednisolona, seguida de esplenectomia total. O animal demonstrou melhorias após o tratamento, e três meses após foi diagnosticado linfoma hepático, e o proprietário optou pela eutanásia. Existe a necessidade da terapia antineoplásica no controle do linfoma digestivo, com o objetivo de aumentar a qualidade de vida e sobrevida do paciente. Foi possível observar o linfoma digestivo de grau alto e com alto índice de mitose, em uma gata com idade acima a 10 anos e sem associação à infecção por FIV ou FeLV.

Linfoma digestivo em gato doméstico (Felis catus): relato de caso / Digestive lymphoma in domestic cat (Felis catus): Case report

This study aimed to describe a digestive lymphoma in a female cat with twelve years old, cross breed and negative for feline leukemia (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). During physical examination was observed a moderate dehydration and abdominal pain. During transabdominal ultrasound was observed a spleen size increase with anecogenic areas with moderate vascularization, suggestive for tumor. Histopathologic examination of tumor was spleen lymphoma - lymphoblastic lymphoma. Immunohistochemical examination classification was B lymphocytes cells tumor. Chemotherapy with vincristine sulphate and prednisone, followed by total splenectomy was performed. Animal demonstrated improvements after treatment and three months after was diagnosed a liver lymphoma and the owner asks for euthanasia. The present case report shows tnecessity of chemotherapy to control this type of tumor, to increase the quality and patient survival. Digestive lymphoma with high rate of mitosis can be observed in cat with over 10 years old without being associated with infection by FIV or FeLV.(AU)

O objetivo do trabalho foi descrever um caso de linfoma digestivo em uma gata de 12 anos de idade, sem raça definida, com sorologia negativa para leucemia felina (FeLV) e imunodeficiência felina (FIV). Durante o exame físico foi observado desidratação moderada e dor abdominal. No exame transabdominal ultrassonográfico foi observado esplenomegalia e áreas anecogênicas dispersas na região do corpo e cabeça esplênica, moderada vascularização, sendo sugestivo a neoplasia. A neoplasia foi classificada como linfoma esplênico, do tipo linfoma linfoblástico. O exame imunofenotípico, classificou o linfoma como linfoma das células B. A neoplasia foi tratada com quimioterapia combinada de sulfato de vincristina e prednisolona, seguida de esplenectomia total. O animal demonstrou melhorias após o tratamento, e três meses após foi diagnosticado linfoma hepático, e o proprietário optou pela eutanásia. Existe a necessidade da terapia antineoplásica no controle do linfoma digestivo, com o objetivo de aumentar a qualidade de vida e sobrevida do paciente. Foi possível observar o linfoma digestivo de grau alto e com alto índice de mitose, em uma gata com idade acima a 10 anos e sem associação à infecção por FIV ou FeLV.(AU)

Lipid peroxidation in rats treated with vincristine sulphate and nandrolone decanoate / Peroxidação lipídica em ratos tratados com sulfato de vincristina e decanoato de nandrolona

Brain and serum lipid peroxidation was studied in rats treated with vincristine sulphate and different doses of nandrolone decanoate. Thirty rats were distributed into six groups (n=5). The treatments were applied once a week for two weeks. Sample collection was performed in the third week. Treatments during the first week were: G1 (control) - physiologic solution, G2 - vincristine sulphate (4mg/m²), G3 - physiologic solution, G4 - physiologic solution, G5- vincristine sulphate (4mg/m²), and G6 - vincristine sulphate (4mg/m²). In the second week, they were: G1 (control) - physiologic solution, G2- physiologic solution, G3 - nandrolone decanoate (1.8mg/kg-1), G4 - nandrolone decanoate (10mg/kg-1), G5 - nandrolone decanoate (1.8mg/kg-1), and G6 - nandrolone decanoate (10mg/kg-1). Lipid peroxidation increased with the isolated use of vincristine and nandrolone decanoate, and with vincristine associated to the highest dose of the ester as well. These results suggest that vincristine sulphate and nandrolone decanoate increase free radical production. Therapeutic dose of nandrolone decanoate when associated with vincristine sulphate proved to be beneficial, as it was able to protect the organism from damaging processes involved in free radical production.(AU)

Este estudo teve por objetivo detectar a peroxidação lipídica presente no cérebro e no soro de ratos tratados com sulfato de vincristina e diferentes doses de decanoato de nandrolona. Trinta ratos foram distribuídos em seis grupos (n=5). Os tratamentos foram aplicados uma vez por semana, durante duas semanas, e a coleta de amostras foi realizada na terceira semana. Na primeira semana, os tratamentos consistiram de: G1(controle) - solução fisiológica; G2 - sulfato de vincristina (4mg/m 2 ); G3 - solução fisiológica; G4 - solução fisiológica; G5 - sulfato de vincristina (4mg/m 2 ) e G6 - sulfato de vincristina (4mg/m 2 ). Na segunda semana: G1(controle) - solução fisiológica; G2 - solução fisiológica; G3 - decanoato de nandrolona (1.8mg/kg-1 ); G4 - decanoato de nandrolona (10mg/kg-1 ); G5 - decanoato de nandrolona (1.8mg/kg-1 ) e G6 - decanoato de nandrolona (10mg/kg-1 ). A peroxidação lipídica aumentou com o uso isolado tanto da vincristina quanto do decanoato de nandrolona e com a associação da vincristina à dose mais alta do éster. Estes resultados sugerem que o sulfato de vincristina e o decanoato de nandrolona aumentam a produção de radicais livres. A dose terapêutica do decanoato de nandrolona, quando associada ao sulfato de vincristina, provou ser benéfica, já que foi capaz de proteger o organismo dos processos prejudiciais induzidos pela produção de radicais livres.(AU)

Transmissible venereal tumor in the palpebral conjunctiva of a dog: case report / Tumor venéreo transmissível na conjuntiva palpebral de um cão: relato de caso

The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a contagious neoplasm that occurs in sexually mature dogs, usually transmitted by coitus. This tumor normally affects the genital mucosa and is rarely found in any other part of the body. A case of transmissible venereal tumor in the palpebral conjunctiva of a 3-year old, crossbreed, male dog with a history of an abnormal mass in the right eye was presented. Ophthalmic examination revealed a mass originated from the lower eyelid conjunctiva of the right eye. No other ocular abnormalities were detected. Cytological examination was carried out and the diagnosis was TVT. The dog was treated with lyophilized vincristine sulphate intravenously, once a week, for four weeks. Despite the atypical clinical presentation, the response to chemotherapy with vincristine was excellent leading to complete regression of the neoplasm and no relapse after a year.

O tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT) é uma neoplasia contagiosa que ocorre em cães sexualmente maduros, sendo geralmente transmitido pelo coito. A neoplasia normalmente afeta a mucosa genital e é raramente encontrada em outras partes do corpo. Apresentamos um caso de tumor venéreo transmissível na conjuntiva palpebral de um cão macho, sem raça definida, com três anos de idade e histórico de presença de uma massa na conjuntiva palpebral inferior do olho direito. Não foram detectadas outras alterações oculares. O diagnóstico citológico da massa foi TVT. O cão foi tratado com sulfato de vincristina por via intravenosa, uma vez por semana, durante quatro semanas. Embora a apresentação do caso seja atípica, a resposta à quimioterapia foi excelente, levando a regressão completa da neoplasia, sem recorrência após um ano.

Clinical utility of a life quality score in dogs with canine transmissible venereal tumor treated by vincristine chemotherapy / Utilidade clínica de escala de qualidade de vida durante o tratamento quimioterápico de cães com tumor venéreo transmissível canino (TVTC) com vincristina

The clinical utility of a life quality score during vincristine chemotherapy of dogs with canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) was investigated using 93 tumor-bearing dogs in this prospective study. At diagnosis, clinical data and the performance status were evaluated according to a modified Karnofsky score (CKS) adapted for dogs. The animals were treated with vincristine sulphate (0.025mg/kg) at weekly intervals until the tumor had macroscopically disappeared. The time until the first adverse event and death were recorded. In a pilot study, CKS revealed a high inter-observer concordance (kappa=0.735; weighted kappa=0.835). CKS permitted a detailed monitoring of adverse effects during therapy. Cox regressions showed that low performance score and reduced body weight were independent predictive factors for death during chemotherapy. The modified Karnofsky performance score is a simple and reproducible clinical instrument, able to estimate patient outcome after treatment of CTVT.(AU)

Investigou-se a utilidade clínica de uma escala de qualidade de vida durante o tratamento quimioterápico de cães com tumor venéreo transmissível canino (TVTC) em 93 animais com TVTC que compuseram este estudo prospectivo. Ao diagnóstico, foram avaliados os dados clínicos e o escore de qualidade de vida adaptado para cães (CKS). Os animais foram tratados com sulfato de vincristina (0.025mg/kg) semanalmente até o desaparecimento macroscópico do tumor. Foram anotados o tempo até o aparecimento do primeiro evento adverso e a morte. Em estudo piloto do CKS, alta concordância entre os observadores foi demonstrada (kappa = 0.735; weighted kappa = 0.835). O CKS permitiu um detalhado monitoramento dos eventos adversos durante a terapia. A regressão Cox multivariada demonstrou que o baixo escore de qualidade de vida e o reduzido peso corporal foram fatores preditivos independentes para o óbito durante a quimioterapia. A escala modificada de Karnofsky é um instrumento clínico simples e reproduzível, hábil em estimar os efeitos do tratamento no TVTC.(AU)

Haematological assessment in dogs undergoing antineoplastic treatment with vincristine sulphate, prednisone and cyclophosphamide - experimental study / Avaliação hematológica em cães submetidos ao tratamento quimioterápico com sulfato de vincristina, prednisona e ciclofosfamida. estudo experimental

This investigation assessed two antineoplastic protocols with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (COP), both highly used in Veterinary Medicine for the treatment of neoplasias, particularly those lymphoproliferatives, whose cytostatic action can induce alterations in erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets. This study had as a main goal the evaluation of the hematotoxic effects induced by the administration of COP1 and COP2 protocols. Therefore, eight healthy dogs were divided in two groups (COP1 and COP2), and underwent chemotherapy for eight weeks. The study was composed by pre and post-chemotherapy phases, which were named Fase 1 and Fase 2. Haematological evaluations were carried out at weekly intervals. Under the experimental conditions hematological changes were documented especially in animals treated with COP1 protocol, with leukopenia being the main hallmark as compared to COP2 protocol.   KEY-WORDS: Chemotherapy. Cyclophosphamide. Vincristine.  Prednisone.  Neoplasm.  Hematology. Dog.

Tratamento de tumor venéreo transmissível extragenital resistente à vincristina: quimioterapia antineoplásica e cirurgia reconstrutiva / Treatment of transmissible venereal extragenital tumor vincristine resistant: antineoplastic chemotherapy and reconstructive surgery

O Tumor Venéreo Transmissível (TVT) é uma neoplasia transmitida por células transplantáveis, com localização predominantemente venérea, podendo ainda ser encontrado em regiões extragenitais. Os agentes quimioterápicos são a opção mais utilizada no tratamento do TVT, sendo o sulfato de vincristina a droga de eleição e o sulfato de vimblastina uma alternativa de tratamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o tratamento de um caso de TVT nasal sem comprometimento genital, com destruição de tecidos moles e perda óssea, resistente à vincristina. Foi instituído inicialmente tratamento quimioterápico com sulfato de vincristina e posterior substituição por sulfato de vimblastina. Com a evolução do tratamento, houve regressão do tecido neoplásico e surgiram fístulas no local antes ocupado pelo tumor. Assim, quando já se havia obtido cura clínica e citologia negativa para células tumorais, realizou-se cirurgia reconstrutiva no palato e na maxila. Até o 180° dia de observação,o cão encontrava-se bem, com deformidade óssea na face mas sem alterações funcionais. Esse relato demonstra que o uso do sulfato de vimblastina foi um protocolo eficaz para o tratamento de TVT delocalização extragenital e que a utilização da quimioterapia antineoplásica seguida por cirurgia reconstrutiva é efetiva,capaz de proporcionar cura e qualidade de vida ao paciente(AU)

The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a neoplasm transmitted by transplantable cells, with predominant venereal location, but also found in extragenital regions. Antineoplasic chemotherapy is the most used treatment for TVT. The vincristine sulphate is the drug of choice and vinblastine sulphate, an alternative chemotherapeutic agent. This work aims to report a case of nasal TVT without compromised genital areas, destroying tissue and bone loss, resistant to vincristine. Chemotherapic treatment with vincristine sulphate was initially established and subsequently replaced by vinblastine sulphate. After treatment, there was regression of the tumor and fistulas appeared on the areas previously occupied by the tumor. When clinical cure and negative cytology for tumor cells were achieved, reconstructive surgery was proceded on the palate and jaw. After 180 days of observation, the dog was healthy, presenting bone deformity in the face but without functional changes. This report demonstrates that vinblastine sulphate was an effective protocol for the treatment of extragenital TVT and that the use of anticancer chemotherapy followed by reconstructive surgery is effective, capable of inducing healing and quality of life for patients(AU)

Tratamento de tumor venéreo transmissível extragenital resistente à vincristina: quimioterapia antineoplásica e cirurgia reconstrutiva / Treatment of transmissible venereal extragenital tumor vincristine resistant: antineoplastic chemotherapy and reconstructive surgery

O Tumor Venéreo Transmissível (TVT) é uma neoplasia transmitida por células transplantáveis, com localização predominantemente venérea, podendo ainda ser encontrado em regiões extragenitais. Os agentes quimioterápicos são a opção mais utilizada no tratamento do TVT, sendo o sulfato de vincristina a droga de eleição e o sulfato de vimblastina uma alternativa de tratamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o tratamento de um caso de TVT nasal sem comprometimento genital, com destruição de tecidos moles e perda óssea, resistente à vincristina. Foi instituído inicialmente tratamento quimioterápico com sulfato de vincristina e posterior substituição por sulfato de vimblastina. Com a evolução do tratamento, houve regressão do tecido neoplásico e surgiram fístulas no local antes ocupado pelo tumor. Assim, quando já se havia obtido cura clínica e citologia negativa para células tumorais, realizou-se cirurgia reconstrutiva no palato e na maxila. Até o 180° dia de observação,o cão encontrava-se bem, com deformidade óssea na face mas sem alterações funcionais. Esse relato demonstra que o uso do sulfato de vimblastina foi um protocolo eficaz para o tratamento de TVT delocalização extragenital e que a utilização da quimioterapia antineoplásica seguida por cirurgia reconstrutiva é efetiva,capaz de proporcionar cura e qualidade de vida ao paciente

The transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a neoplasm transmitted by transplantable cells, with predominant venereal location, but also found in extragenital regions. Antineoplasic chemotherapy is the most used treatment for TVT. The vincristine sulphate is the drug of choice and vinblastine sulphate, an alternative chemotherapeutic agent. This work aims to report a case of nasal TVT without compromised genital areas, destroying tissue and bone loss, resistant to vincristine. Chemotherapic treatment with vincristine sulphate was initially established and subsequently replaced by vinblastine sulphate. After treatment, there was regression of the tumor and fistulas appeared on the areas previously occupied by the tumor. When clinical cure and negative cytology for tumor cells were achieved, reconstructive surgery was proceded on the palate and jaw. After 180 days of observation, the dog was healthy, presenting bone deformity in the face but without functional changes. This report demonstrates that vinblastine sulphate was an effective protocol for the treatment of extragenital TVT and that the use of anticancer chemotherapy followed by reconstructive surgery is effective, capable of inducing healing and quality of life for patients

Resulting alterations at the level of testes and semen in dogs submitted to vincristine sulphate administra tion / Alterações produzidas a nível de testículo e sêmen de cães submetidos à administração de sulfato de vincristina

Sperm analysis and testicular histological studies were performed before and after vincristine sulphate treatment, in fourteen male dogs. In group I (n = 8), unilateral orchiectomy was carried out before and after mitostatic treatment, and testicular and epididymal biopsies were examined histologically. All histological examinations showed a slight to moderate degeneration of testicular tissue. In group II (n = 6) semen was collected and was submitted to laboratorial analysis. After vincristine treatment, middle piece and tail abnormalities were found. However, as physical and morphological abnormalities showed to be reversible, vincristine sulphate therapy may be used in such species.

Foram estudados 14 animais da espécie canina, sem raça definida, machos, adultos, com o objetivo de analisar, laboratorialmente, o sêmen e os aspectos histológicos dos testículos antes e após a administração do sulfato de vincristina. Para tanto, os animais foram divididos em 2 grupos. No grupo I (8 animais), submeteu-se os animais à orquiectomia unilateral e um fragmento do testículo e epidídimo foram analisados histologicamente. Ao término das aplicações, os animais sofreram a orquiectomia do testículo remanescente e foram avaliados histologicamente. No grupo II (6 animais), inicialmente, condicionou-se os animais para colheita de sêmen. Após obtenção do material fecundante, este foi analisado laboratorialmente. No grupo I, todos os animais apresentaram degeneração testicular em grau leve ou moderada. No grupo II, observaram-se alterações espermáticas, principalmente ao nível de peça intermediária e cauda. Entretanto, considerando que em termos de média, as características físicas e morfológicas do sêmen de cães sofreram alterações que são reversíveis à utilização do sulfato de vincristina, como recurso terapêutico, pode ser instituído nesta espécie animal.

HAEMATOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT IN DOGS UNDERGOING ANTINEOPLASTIC TREATMENT WITH VINCRISTINE SULPHATE, PREDNISONE AND CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE - EXPERIMENTAL STUDY. / AVALIAÇÃO HEMATOLÓGICA EM CÃES SUBMETIDOS AO TRATAMENTO QUIMIOTERÁPICO COM SULFATO DE VINCRISTINA, PREDNISONA E CICLOFOSFAMIDA. ESTUDO EXPERIMENTAL.

This investigation assessed two antineoplastic protocols with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (COP), both highly used in Veterinary Medicine for the treatment of neoplasias, particularly those lymphoproliferatives, whose cytostatic action can induce alterations in erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets. This study had as a main goal the evaluation of the hematotoxic effects induced by the administration of COP1 and COP2 protocols. Therefore, eight healthy dogs were divided in two groups (COP1 and COP2), and underwent chemotherapy for eight weeks. The study was composed by pre and post-chemotherapy phases, which were named Fase 1 and Fase 2. Haematological evaluations were carried out at weekly intervals. Under the experimental conditions hematological changes were documented especially in animals treated with COP1 protocol, with leukopenia being the main hallmark as compared to COP2 protocol.   KEY-WORDS: Chemotherapy. Cyclophosphamide. Vincristine.  Prednisone.  Neoplasm.  Hematology. Dog.