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2.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 19(5): 340-348, mayo 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-433453

ABSTRACT

This piece summarizes the presentations and discussions at a meeting on pneumococcal disease surveillance in the Americas that was held in Mexico City, Mexico, on 2 November 2004. This meeting was organized by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the Pneumococcal Vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan (PneumoADIP) of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI). The meeting participants reviewed the status of pneumococcal disease surveillance in the Region of the Americas, estimates of the burden of pneumococcal disease, the distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes that cause invasive disease, the status of pneumococcal vaccine introduction, health economic analyses, and financial issues related to vaccine introduction. The meeting participants also worked to identify the next steps for generating the critical information needed to help make decisions on pneumococcal vaccine introduction. Coordinated pneumococcal disease surveillance for the Region of the Americas dates back to the 1993 establishment by PAHO of the Regional System for Vaccines (RSV) project for surveillance of bacterial meningitis and pneumonia, including pneumococcal disease. Surveillance data from the RSV indicate that the distribution of major serotypes in the Americas has been stable over time (but that antibiotic resistance is increasing), with serotype 14 being the leading serotype isolated in most countries participating in RSV. Based on local serotype data from six of the RSV countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Uruguay), the 7-valent vaccine would cover 65% of serotypes, the 9-valent vaccine would cover 77%, and the 11-valent vaccine would cover 83%.


Este trabajo resume las presentaciones y los debates que hubo en una reunión sobre la vigilancia de las enfermedades neumocócicas en las Américas, celebrada en la ciudad de México, México, el 2 de noviembre de 2004. La reunión la habían organizado la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) y el Plan para el Desarrollo Acelerado y la Introducción de Vacunas Antineumocócicas (PneumoADIP, por Pneumococcal Vaccines and Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan) de la Alianza Mundial para Vacunas e Inmunización (GAVI, por Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization). Las personas que participaron en la reunión revisaron el estado de la vigilancia de las enfermedades neumocócicas en la Región de las Américas, así como cálculos de la carga de enfermedades neumocócicas, la distribución de serotipos de Streptococcus pneumoniae que provocan enfermedad invasora, el estado de la introducción de vacunas antineumocócicas, análisis económicos sanitarios, y aspectos económicos de la introducción de la vacuna. Los participantes de la reunión también se dedicaron a identificar los próximos pasos necesarios para generar la información esencial que hace falta para facilitar la toma de decisiones en torno a la introducción de una vacuna antineumocócica. La vigilancia coordinada de las enfermedades neumocócicas en la Región de las Américas se remonta a 1993, cuando la OPS estableció el proyecto conocido por Sistema Regional de Vacunas (SRV), dedicado a la vigilancia de la meningitis y la neumonía por bacterias, incluido el neumococo. Los datos obtenidos mediante las actividades de vigilancia del SRV indican que la distribución de los principales serotipos en las Américas ha sido estable a lo largo del tiempo (pero que la resistencia a los antibióticos va en aumento), siendo el serotipo 14 el que más se aísla en la mayoría de los países que participan en el SRV. Según se deduce de los datos sobre serotipos procedentes de seis de los países abarcados por el SRV (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México y Uruguay), la vacuna septavalente cubriría a alrededor de 65% de los serotipos, la nonavalente cubriría a más de 77% y la undecavalente cubriría a más de 83%.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Promotion , Pneumococcal Infections/prevention & control , Pneumococcal Vaccines/administration & dosage , Vaccination , Latin America/epidemiology , Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Time Factors , United States/epidemiology
3.
J Health Popul Nutr ; 2004 Sep; 22(3): 268-74
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-889

ABSTRACT

Historically, the introduction of new vaccines in developing countries has been delayed due to lack of a coordinated effort to address both demand and supply issues. The introduction of vaccines in developing countries has been plagued by a vicious cycle of uncertain demand leading to limited supply, which keeps prices relatively high and, in turn, further increases the uncertainty of demand. The Pneumococcal Vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan (PneumoADIP) is an innovative approach designed to overcome this vicious cycle and to help assure an affordable, sustainable supply of new pneumococcal vaccines for developing countries. Translational research will play an important role in achieving the goals of PneumoADIP by establishing the burden of pneumococcal disease and the value of pneumococcal vaccines at global and country levels. If successful, PneumoADIP will reduce the uncertainty of demand, allow appropriate planning of supply, and achieve adequate and affordable availability of product for the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines. This model may provide a useful example and valuable lessons for how a successful public-private partnership can improve global health.


Subject(s)
Developing Countries , Drug Costs , Humans , Immunization Programs/statistics & numerical data , Pneumococcal Infections/prevention & control , Pneumococcal Vaccines/economics , Research/methods , Global Health
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