Application of triangle stability mechanical model in the layer separation of transanal total mesorectal excision / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Transanal total mesorectal resection (taTME) has come a long way since it was first used in the clinic in 2010.The learning curve of this procedure is long due to different surgical approaches, different perspectives and different anatomical positions. Many surgeons experience complications during this procedure. Although the advantages and problems of this procedure have been reported in much literature, the anatomy and operation methods of taTME introduced in literatures and training centers are too complicated, which makes many surgeons encounter difficulties in carrying out taTME surgery. According to the author's experience in learning and carrying out this operation, spatial expansion process of ultralow rectal cancer was divided into three stages. At each stage, according to different pulling forces, three different schemes of triangular stability mechanics model were adopted for separation. From point to line, from line to plane, the model can protect the safety of peripheral blood vessels and nerves while ensuring total mesorectal excision . This model simplifies the complex surgical process and is convenient for beginners to master taTME surgical separation skills.

Mechanisms of Compound Kushen Injection for the treatment of bladder cancer based on bioinformatics and network pharmacology with experimental validation / 中国天然药物

Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary system. Compound Kushen Injection (CKI) is a Chinese medicinal preparation that has been widely used in the treatment of various types of cancers in the past two decades. However, the pharmacological effect of CKI on bladder cancer is not still completely understood. In the current study, network pharmacology combined with bioinformatics was used to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism and potential targets of CKI in bladder cancer. The mechanism by which CKI was effective against bladder cancer was further verified in vitro using human bladder cancer cell line T24. Network pharmacology analysis identified 35 active compounds and 268 target genes of CKI. Bioinformatics data indicated 5500 differentially expressed genes associated with bladder cancer. Common genes of CKI and bladder cancer suggested that CKI exerted anti-bladder cancer effects by regulating genes such as MMP-9, JUN, EGFR, and ERK1. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that CKI exerted therapeutic effects on bladder cancer by regulating certain biological processes, including cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell apoptosis. In addition, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis implicated pathways related to cancer, bladder cancer, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Consistently, cell experiments indicated that CKI inhibited the proliferation and migration of T24 cells, and induced their apoptosis. Moreover, RT-qPCR and Western blot results demonstrated that CKI was likely to treat bladder cancer by down-regulating the gene and protein expression of MMP-9, JUN, EGFR, and ERK1. CKI inhibited the proliferation and migration, and induced the apoptosis of T24 bladder cancer cells through multiple biological pathways and targets. CKI also exhibited significant effects on the regulation of key genes and proteins associated with bladder cancer. Overall, our findings provide solid evidence and deepen current understanding of the therapeutic effects of CKI for bladder cancer, and further support its clinical use.

Expression and clinical significance of long non-coding RNA LINC00520 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

To investigate the expression of LINC00520 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC),and analyze its relevance and roles in carcinogenesis and development of LSCC.The expression of LINC00520 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissue and paired adjacent normal tissue was determined by real-time PCR.The relationship between the expression of LINC00520 and the clinicopathological characteristics including clinical stage,pathological type,histological grade and lymph node metastasis of LSCC was analyzed.(1)The LINC00520 expression level was significantly upregulated in LSCC tissues compared to that of paired adjacent normal tissues(0.05).The LINC00520 expression level had no significant changes in poorly differentiated LSCC compared with that of well and moderately differentiated counterparts(>0.05).Moreover,the expression of LINC00520 had no significant difference between T1+T2 stage and T3+T4 stage LSCC tissues(>0.05).Interestingly,the LINC00520 level in LSCC with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in patients without lymph node metastasis(<0.01).Upregulation of LINC00520 in LSCC may contribute to its metastasis.

Salicylic acid derivatives as simplified and novel GK small molecule activators / 药学学报

Glucokinase (GK) is a new target for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In order to find a structure-simplified small molecule GK activator, 19 salicylic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized based on new lead compound (1). Experimental results showed that the potency of compound 8h is superior to control RO-28-0450 in GK activation.

Comprehensive evaluation on the potential risk for HIV infection in 12 villages with a history of former paid blood donation / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To learn the potential risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in 12 villages with a history of former paid blood donation, and to provide different measures for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seven indexes were selected, including HIV sero-prevalence rates, hepatitis C virus (HCV) sero-prevalence rates, HIV/AIDS KAB (knowledge, attitude and belief), proportion of paid blood/plasma donation, risks on related behavioral information on sex and HIV/AIDS infections. Rank Sum Ratio (RSR) was performed to synthetically evaluate the potential risk of HIV infection in those 12 selected villages.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to the results of evaluation by 18 experts, weight coefficient of HIV sero-prevalence rate was the highest (0.28), and HIV/AIDS KAB the lowest (0.09) among the seven indexes. The results of comprehensive evaluation with RSR showed that the villages coded 01 and 02 belonged to higher level of potential risk of HIV infection, villages 09, 12, 05, 10 and 03 were at medium level while villages 04, 06, 08, 07 and 11 were at low level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The level of potential risk for HIV infection was different in 12 villages with a history of former paid blood donation. Different measures of HIV/AIDS prevision and control should be performed according to the potential risk level for HIV infection of the 12 villages.</p>

A cross-sectional survey on hepatitis C virus infection among residents aged 18-59 years in a former commercial blood donating community, Shanxi Province / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine sero-prevalence of and risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) among residents aged 18-59 years in a former commercial blood donating community, Shanxi province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 660 randomly selected residents aged 18-59 years from 12 villages in a rural county of Shanxi province. Structured questionnaire was administered to collect socio-demographic,medical and risk behavioral information. 7 ml-volume venous blood was collected for HCV antibody testing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall HCV sero-prevalence rates were 8.2% and 27.7% among former commercial blood donors in the community. Data from multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that people ever selling blood (adjusted OR = 14.28, 95% CI: 6.83-29.87) and receiving blood transfusion (adjusted OR = 8.66,95% CI: 2.31-32.47) were the primary risk factors for HCV infection. Subgroup analysis in blood donors explored that ever selling plasma (adjusted OR = 8.56,95% CI: 2.87-25.54) was the risk factor for HCV infection. Villagers who stopped selling blood in 1994 and thereafter were less likely to be HCV positive than those stopping selling blood before 1994 (adjusted OR = 0.32,95% CI: 0.11-0.93). Female donors had a lower risk than male ones (adjusted OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.10-0.83).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A HCV epidemic was once existing in rural community residents in the province that former commercial blood/plasma donation was the main reason for HCV epidemic in the community. It is urgent to make efficient measures to prevent HCV secondary transmission and provide patients with care and treatment to this community.</p>