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1.
Ann. hepatol ; Ann. hepatol;16(1): 123-132, Jan.-Feb. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838094

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction and aim. Hyponatremia is common in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and is associated with increased mortality. Tolvaptan, a vasopressor V2 receptor antagonist, can increase free wáter excretion, but its efficacy and safety in cirrhotic patients remain unclear. Material and methods. We studied the usage and safety of tolvaptan in cirrhotic patients in a real-life, non-randomized, multicenter prospective cohort study. Forty-nine cirrhotic patients with hyponatremia were treated with tolvaptan 15 mg daily, and 48 patients not treated with tolvaptan in the same period served as controls. Improvement in serum sodium level was defined as an increase in serum sodium from < 125 to ≥ 125 mmol/L or from 125-134 to ≥ 135 mmol/L on day 7. Results. Twenty-three (47%) patients in the tolvaptan group and 17 (35%) in the control group had normal serum sodium on day 7 (p = 0.25). Serum sodium improved in 30 (61%) patients in the tolvaptan group and 17 (35%) patients in the control group (p = 0.011). Adverse events occurred in 46-47% of patients in both groups, and tolvaptan was not associated with worsened liver function. No patient with normal serum sodium on day 7 died within 30 days of treatment, whereas 16% of those with persistent hyponatremia died (p = 0.0019). Conclusion. In conclusion, short-term tolvaptan treatment is safe and can improve serum sodium level in cirrhotic patients with hyponatremia. Normalization of serum sodium level is associated with better survival.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Sodium/blood , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Hyponatremia/drug therapy , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Time Factors , Benzazepines/adverse effects , Biomarkers/blood , Case-Control Studies , China , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists/adverse effects , Tolvaptan , Hyponatremia/etiology , Hyponatremia/mortality , Hyponatremia/blood , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis , Liver Cirrhosis/mortality
2.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 81(6): 507-510, dic. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844524

ABSTRACT

La hiponatremia es la alteración electrolítica más frecuente en el medio hospitalario, y en un 30% de los casos se debe a un síndrome de secreción inapropiada de vasopresina (SIADH). El SIADH está descrito como cuadro paraneoplásico endocrinológico en múltiples tumores, entre los que excepcionalmente se encuentra el de ovario y las neoplasias ginecológicas en general. Presentamos un caso de SIADH paraneoplásico por un citoadenocarcinoma seroso de ovario de alto grado, estadio IV. Se trata del primer caso de SIADH crónico por cáncer de ovario tratado con Tolvaptán. En el presente caso el objetivo de eunatremia se alcanzó con una dosis baja de acuarético, lo que apoya la elevada sensibilidad, ya previamente documentada, de los SIADH tumorales al tratamiento con Tolvaptán.


Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disturbance in hospitals, and 30% of cases are due to syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). SIADH is described as an endocrine paraneoplastic syndrome in multiple tumors including, ovary and gynecological malignancies in general, although these are exceptional. We report a case of paraneoplastic SIADH for high-grade serous ovarian cystoadenocarcinoma stage IV. This is the first case of chronic SIADH for ovarian cancer treated with Tolvaptan. In this case the target of eunatremia was reached with a low dose of aquaretic, which supports the high sensitivity, as previously documented, of paraneoplasic SIADH to Tolvaptan.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Hyponatremia/drug therapy , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/complications , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/drug therapy , Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/complications , Hyponatremia/etiology , Ovarian Neoplasms/complications
3.
Brasília; CONITEC; maio 2016. tab, ilus, ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, BRISA | ID: biblio-837341

ABSTRACT

Contexto: A insuficiência cardíaca crônica é uma síndrome sistêmica complexa e progressiva que se caracteriza por comprometimento da perfusão tecidual, com sintomas característicos de dispneia, fadiga, além de piora da qualidade de vida. A síndrome está relacionada a altas taxas de mortalidade e hospitalização. Ivabradina é um protótipo de medicamentos que agem na frequência cardíaca e que recentemente foi aprovada para tratamento de insuficiência cardíaca crônica associada a betabloqueadores em indivíduos em estágios mais avançados da doença e que mantêm a frequência cardíaca alta mesmo em tratamento com as doses mais altas toleradas desses medicamentos. Pergunta: A associação de ivabradina ao tratamento convencional com betabloqueadores é eficaz e segura no tratamento de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca crônica, quando comparada ao tratamento com betabloqueadores? Evidências científicas: Foram avaliados 15 estudos, dentre os quais um ensaio clínico duplo-cego, randomizado e controlado por placebo no qual se incluíram 6.500 indivíduos com insuficiência cardíaca crônica em estágio funcional NYHA II a IV e frequência cardíaca ≥70 bpm. O tratamento com ivabradina em dose média de 6 mg duas vezes ao dia em associação a betabloqueadores por 23 meses diminuiu o risco de internação por piora no quadro de insuficiência cardíaca em 26%, ao que se associa um NNT de 20 (IC 95% 15 a 31). O medicamento não demonstrou efeito no desfecho primário mortalidade por causas cardiovasculares como também não se observou diminuição de risco de mortalidade por todas as causas. Observou-se uma diminuição no risco de mortalidade por insuficiência cardíaca, desfecho secundário, embora associada à imprecisão importante, em função das baixas taxas de eventos e do amplo intervalo de confiança (NNT 83, IC 95% 52 a 333). Por meio de outros estudos sugere-se que o medicamento tenha efeitos na reversão do remodelamento cardíaco associada à progressividade da doença, diminuição de biomarcadores relacionados à insuficiência cardíaca e na diminuição da pós-carga cardíaca, melhorando o funcionamento ventricular e acoplamento ventrículo arterial, sem, entretanto, interferir na função renal. Identificaram-se efeitos na diminuição da frequência cardíaca e da variação da frequência cardíaca. O uso do medicamento está associado a um NNH de 58 (no período de dois anos) em relação ao desfecho fibrilação atrial em indivíduos com frequência cardíaca maior que 70 bpm. Discussão: O principal benefício do medicamento, cujo efeito foi avaliado por meio de evidência de alta qualidade, é evitar internações por piora no quadro de insuficiência cardíaca. O efeito relativo é de uma diminuição de 26% quando se compara ao uso isolado de betabloqueadores. Entretanto, mesmo para o desfecho de maior benefício, o efeito absoluto ainda é muito baixo, atingindo uma diminuição de 4,9% apenas. Para outros desfechos de hospitalização, o efeito absoluto é ainda mais baixo e mais impreciso. Não houve efeito na mortalidade de forma que o uso do medicamento não obteve efeito nos desfechos mortalidade por todas as causas e por causas cardiovasculares. O efeito estatisticamente significativo observado para diminuição em mortalidade por insuficiência cardíaca partiu de uma medida de baixa qualidade e, portanto, um efeito de baixa confiabilidade e bastante passível de modificação por trabalhos futuros. O medicamento aumenta o risco de fibrilação atrial, como um NNH de 83. Os resultados da análise econômica são frágeis e partem de informações imprecisas, principalmente sobre a estimativa, em termos quantitativos, da população elegível ao tratamento com ivabradina. Decisão: Não incorporar a ivabradina para o tratamento de insuficiência cardíaca crônica moderada a grave em indivíduos com frequência cardíaca ≥ 70 bpm e que toleram menos de 50% da dose alvo recomendada de agentes betabloqueadores, no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS. Foi publicada a Portaria Nº 19, de 24 de maio de 2016.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/administration & dosage , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Heart Rate/drug effects , Brazil , Cost-Benefit Analysis/economics , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Unified Health System
4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;105(6): 597-605, Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-769538

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Studies suggest that statins have pleiotropic effects, such as reduction in blood pressure, and improvement in endothelial function and vascular stiffness. Objective: To analyze if prior statin use influences the effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors on blood pressure, endothelial function, and vascular stiffness. Methods: Patients with diabetes and hypertension with office systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg had their antihypertensive medications replaced by amlodipine during 6 weeks. They were then randomized to either benazepril or losartan for 12 additional weeks while continuing on amlodipine. Blood pressure (assessed with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring), endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation), and vascular stiffness (pulse wave velocity) were evaluated before and after the combined treatment. In this study, a post hoc analysis was performed to compare patients who were or were not on statins (SU and NSU groups, respectively). Results: The SU group presented a greater reduction in the 24-hour systolic blood pressure (from 134 to 122 mmHg, p = 0.007), and in the brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (from 6.5 to 10.9%, p = 0.003) when compared with the NSU group (from 137 to 128 mmHg, p = 0.362, and from 7.5 to 8.3%, p = 0.820). There was no statistically significant difference in pulse wave velocity (SU group: from 9.95 to 9.90 m/s, p = 0.650; NSU group: from 10.65 to 11.05 m/s, p = 0.586). Conclusion: Combined use of statins, amlodipine, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors improves the antihypertensive response and endothelial function in patients with hypertension and diabetes.


Resumo Fundamentos: Estudos sugerem que as estatinas possuem efeitos pleotrópicos, como melhora da função endotelial, da rigidez vascular e redução da pressão arterial. Objetivo: Analisar se o uso prévio de estatina influenciou o efeito sobre a pressão arterial, a função endotelial e a rigidez vascular de drogas inibidoras do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona. Métodos: Pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos com pressão arterial de consultório sistólica ≥ 130 mmHg e/ou diastólica ≥ 80 mmHg tiveram suas medicações anti-hipertensivas substituídas por anlodipino durante 6 semanas. Em seguida, foram randomizados para associação de benazepril ou losartana por mais 12 semanas. Pressão arterial (através da monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial), função endotelial (dilatação mediada por fluxo da artéria braquial) e rigidez vascular (velocidade da onda de pulso) foram avaliados antes e após o tratamento combinado. Neste trabalho, uma análise post-hoc foi realizada para comparar pacientes que vinham (grupo CE) ou não (grupo SE) em uso de estatina. Resultados: O grupo CE apresentou maior redução na pressão arterial sistólica nas 24 horas (134 para 122 mmHg, p = 0,007) e na dilatação mediada por fluxo da artéria braquial (6,5 para 10,9%, p = 0,003) quando comparado com o grupo SE (137 para 128 mmHg, p = 0,362, e 7,5 para 8,3%, p = 0,820). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na velocidade de onda de pulso (grupo CE 9,95 para 9,90 m/s, p = 0,650 e grupo SE 10,65 para 11,05 m/s, p = 0,586). Conclusão: O uso combinado de estatinas, anlodipino e inibidores do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona melhora a resposta anti-hipertensiva e a função endotelial em pacientes hipertensos e diabéticos.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Amino Acids/pharmacology , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Antihypertensive Agents/pharmacology , /drug therapy , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Hypertension/drug therapy , Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects , Amino Acids/therapeutic use , Amlodipine/pharmacology , Amlodipine/therapeutic use , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory , Benzazepines/pharmacology , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Brachial Artery/drug effects , Endothelium, Vascular/physiology , Losartan/pharmacology , Losartan/therapeutic use , Pulse Wave Analysis , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Stiffness/drug effects
6.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;103(4): 308-314, 10/2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-725316

ABSTRACT

Background: Ivabradine is a novel specific heart rate (HR)-lowering agent that improves event-free survival in patients with heart failure (HF). Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect of ivabradine on time domain indices of heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with HF. Methods: Forty-eight patients with compensated HF of nonischemic origin were included. Ivabradine treatment was initiated according to the latest HF guidelines. For HRV analysis, 24-h Holter recording was obtained from each patient before and after 8 weeks of treatment with ivabradine. Results: The mean RR interval, standard deviation of all normal to normal RR intervals (SDNN), the standard deviation of 5-min mean RR intervals (SDANN), the mean of the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal RR intervals for all 5-min segments (SDNN index), the percentage of successive normal RR intervals exceeding 50 ms (pNN50), and the square root of the mean of the squares of the differences between successive normal to normal RR intervals (RMSSD) were low at baseline before treatment with ivabradine. After 8 weeks of treatment with ivabradine, the mean HR (83.6 ± 8.0 and 64.6 ± 5.8, p < 0.0001), mean RR interval (713 ± 74 and 943 ± 101 ms, p < 0.0001), SDNN (56.2 ± 15.7 and 87.9 ± 19.4 ms, p < 0.0001), SDANN (49.5 ± 14.7 and 76.4 ± 19.5 ms, p < 0.0001), SDNN index (24.7 ± 8.8 and 38.3 ± 13.1 ms, p < 0.0001), pNN50 (2.4 ± 1.6 and 3.2 ± 2.2 %, p < 0.0001), and RMSSD (13.5 ± 4.6 and 17.8 ± 5.4 ms, p < 0.0001) substantially improved, which sustained during both when awake and while asleep. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that treatment with ivabradine improves HRV in nonischemic patients with HF. .


Fundamento: A ivabradina é um novo agente redutor específico da frequência cardíaca (FC) que melhora a sobrevida livre de eventos de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca (IC). Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da ivabradina nos índices temporais da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) em pacientes com IC. Métodos: Quarenta e oito pacientes com IC compensada de etiologia não-isquêmica foram incluídos no estudo. O tratamento com ivabradina foi iniciado de acordo com as recomendações mais recentes para a IC. O Holter de 24 horas foi utilizado para analisar os índices da VFC em cada paciente antes e após 8 semanas de tratamento com ivabradina. Resultados: Todos os índices da VFC, o intervalo RR médio, o desvio padrão de todos os intervalos RR normais (DPNN), o desvio padrão de intervalos RR médios de 5 minutos (DPNNM), a média do desvio padrão de todos os intervalos RR normais para todos os segmentos de 5 minutos (índice DPNN), porcentagem de intervalos RR normais sucessivos superiores a 50 milissegundos (pNN50), e a raiz quadrada da média dos quadrados das diferenças entre intervalos RR sucessivos (RMQQD) apresentaram redução no ínicio do estudo, antes do tratamento com ivabradina. Após 8 semanas de tratamento com ivabradina, as médias das FC (83,6 ± 8,0 e 64,6 ± 5,8, p < 0,0001) e todos os índices da VFC, médias dos intervalos RR (713 ± 74 e 943 ± 101 ms, p < 0,0001), DPNN (56,2 ± 15,7 e 87,9 ± 19,4 ms, p < 0,0001), DPNNM (49,5 ± 14,7 e 76,4 ± 19,5 ms, p < 0,0001), índice DPNN (24,7 ± 8,8 e 38,3 ± 13,1 ms, p < 0,0001), pNN50 (2,4 ± 1,6 e 3,2 ± 2,2%, p < 0,0001) e RMQQD (13,5 ± 4,6 e 17,8 ± 5,4 ms , p < 0,0001), foram substancialmente melhorados, e permaneceram nestas ...


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/drug therapy , Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use , Heart Rate/drug effects , Benzazepines/pharmacology , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/physiopathology , Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Heart Failure/physiopathology , Heart Rate/physiology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
7.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-147348

ABSTRACT

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is used as a marker for sarcoid disease activity.1 We present an observational study of four African-American patients all of whom demonstrated improvement in their sarcoidosis after treatment with ACE inhibitors for hypertension.


Subject(s)
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Sarcoidosis/drug therapy , Sarcoidosis/enzymology , Sarcoidosis/genetics , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
8.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(3): 345-352, mar. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-677343

ABSTRACT

Background: Therapies to quit smoking are based on counseling, psychological therapy (PT), nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion or varenidine. Aim: To report the results of a multidisciplinary program to quit smoking Material and Methods: Patients agedl8years or more, motivated to quit smoking were admitted in a program based in counseling and PT, with or without pharmacological therapy. They were assessed by telephone during one year offollow up. Patients with unstable psychiatric diseases were excluded. Results were considered as "successful" when patients maintained abstinence during the year offollow up. A logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with treatment success. Results: Between 2005 and 2011, 198 patients aged 45 ± 11 years (56% males), who smoked 31.5 ± 20.6 packages/year, were treated. Ofthese, 155 (78%) were treated with varenidine, 26 (13%) with bupropion and 17 (9%>) did not receive pharmacological therapy. One hundred sixty eightpatients completed the year offollow up. In 82 (49%>), treatment was successful and was negatively associated with a history of depression (odds ratio = 4 (95% confidence intervals 1.23-38.33). The main side effeets associated to varenidine and bupropion were nausea in 37 and 23%o, sleep disorders in 20 and 19%o and headache in 12 and 0%>, respectively Conclusions: A multidisciplinary program to quit smoking achieved a 49%> of abstinence during a year offollow up.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Bupropion/therapeutic use , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Nicotinic Agonists/therapeutic use , Patient Care Team , Quinoxalines/therapeutic use , Smoking Cessation/methods , Smoking/therapy , Benzazepines/adverse effects , Bupropion/adverse effects , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Nicotinic Agonists/adverse effects , Program Evaluation , Quinoxalines/adverse effects , Socioeconomic Factors , Treatment Outcome
9.
Rev. Fundac. Juan Jose Carraro ; 16(33): 4-17, abr.-mayo 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-620361

ABSTRACT

El uso del tabaco es un factor de riesgo para padecer cáncer bucal, lesiones de la mucosa, enfermedad periodontal y problemas de cicatrización después de tratamientos periodontal, cirugía e implantes, además de recesión gingival, caries coronal y radicular. La evidencia disponible sugiere que el riesgo de enfermedad oral se incrementa en pacientes fumadores y su cesación resulta en disminución del riesgo, pudiendo resolverse algunas lesiones de la mucosa oral. La AAP indica incluir cesación tabáquica en la terapia periodontal inicial. Se presenta una experiencia clínica cuyo objetivo era determinar el porcentaje de éxito, reducción o fracaso de los pacientes tratados con Vareniclina(Champix®). Fueron atendidos 75 pacientes fumadores por 10 periodoncistas y 8 cirujanos bucales a los cuales se les presentó una entrevista motivacional explicándoles la fisiopatología de la adicción, los daños y beneficios de dejar de fumar, así mismo, se les realizó historia clínica y Test de Fagerstron para evaluar dependencia a la nicotina y se trataron con terapia cognitiva conductual y farmacológica utilizando tratamiento con Vareniclina por 12 semanas, en dosis de 0,5mgs y 1 mg las primeras 2 semanas y 2 mgs por 10 semanas, se establecieron criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se firmó consentimiento informado, se hicieron consultas de seguimiento por 16 semanas, con un programa de soporte y apoyo conductual creado por Pfizer Venezuela. Los resultados muestran 90 por ciento de éxito, 5 por ciento reducción y 5 por ciento fracaso, siendo los efectos adversos más frecuentes: náuseas y cefaleas. Con bajos síntomas de abstinencia a la nicotina. La intervención del odontólogo en la cesación tabáquica con terapia conductual y vareniclina, resulta exitosa y contribuye con la salud bucal y sistémica de los pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Benzazepines/pharmacology , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Tobacco Use Cessation/methods , Nicotine/adverse effects , Risk Factors , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome , Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology , Venezuela
12.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; Rev. chil. enferm. respir;24(2): 127-137, 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-510465

ABSTRACT

Currently, tobacco smoking is considered to be a chronic systemic disease that belongs to the group of addictions. Nicotine is the responsible substance of this dependence, producing a variety of disorders at the central nervous system, mainly through a raise of the dopamine levels. Tobacco dependence treatment has two main branches: psychosocial and pharmacological. Nicotine replacement therapy, Bupropion and Varenicline have been approved by the FDA as first-line treatments for nicotine dependence. There are some second-line drugs, such as Clonidine and Nortriptyline that have shown less efficacy and more adverse effects. Currently there are many other drugs in research, such as antinicotine vaccine and Rimonobant, that will probably be available for its use in the coming years. The current review analyzes the pharmacological choices existing today for treating tobacco dependence and those coming in the future.


Actualmente se considera que el tabaquismo es una enfermedad crónica sistémica, perteneciente al grupo de las adicciones. La nicotina es la sustancia responsable de esta dependencia, produciendo una serie de alteraciones en el SNC, principalmente mediante el aumento de dopamina. El tratamiento del tabaquismo incluye dos componentes: psicosocial y farmacológico. Hasta la actualidad, la FDA ha aprobado 3 medicamentos que han demostrado ser eficaces: Terapia de reemplazo de Nicotina, Bupropión y Vareniclina. Además existen drogas de segunda línea, como la Clonidina y Nortriptilina, menos eficaces y con mayores efectos adversos. Actualmente, hay muchos otros medicamentos en investigación, entre otros la Vacuna antinicotina y el Rimonobant, que probablemente estarán disponibles para su uso en los próximos años. En este artículo se analizan las alternativas farmacológicas existentes hoy en día para el tratamiento del tabaquismo y lo que podría venir en el futuro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage , Nicotine/analogs & derivatives , Tobacco Use Disorder/drug therapy , Administration, Cutaneous , Administration, Inhalation , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Bupropion/therapeutic use , Chewing Gum , Tobacco Use Cessation/methods , Quinoxalines/therapeutic use
14.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-89608

ABSTRACT

Benazepril hydrochloride, a new non-sulfhydryl ACE inhibitor (ACEI) was studied in a titrated dose of 10 mg-20 mg once a day for 6 weeks in 42 mild to moderate adult hypertensive patients with sitting diastolic blood pressure (SDBP) 95-114 mm Hg. The pre-drug SDBP(mean +/- SE) of 102.5 +/- 0.8 mm Hg showed a significant reduction to 87.5 +/- 0.93 mm Hg at the end of treatment. BP was controlled (SDBP < or = 90 mm Hg) in 34 (81%) patients and a drop of at least 10 mm Hg from the pre-treatment SDBP value was noted in 34 (81%) patients. Common adverse reaction was cough in 8(19%) patients. Clinically significant changes in laboratory evaluations were not seen in any patient. Study showed that benazepril in a dose range of 10 to 20 mg per day is an effective agent for treatment of mild to moderate hypertension.


Subject(s)
Adult , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Female , Humans , Hypertension/drug therapy , Male , Middle Aged
15.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;62(4): 251-254, abr. 1994. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-156270

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE--To assess the effects of benazepril (ACE inhibitor) on arterial blood pressure (ABP) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). METHODS--Nineteen patients (7 men, 12 women) with mean age 38.2 +/- 10.2 years, with mild to moderate hypertension were evaluated. Besides raised blood pressure, the necessary inclusion criterion was the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy detected by echocardiogram. After a wash-out period, all patients were given placebo followed by the active drug benazepril at a dose of 10 mg once a day. For those patients who did not achieve a satisfactory control of the blood pressure (BP) 25 mg of chlorthalidone was added. All patients underwent 180 days of benazepril treatment. RESULTS--The ABP was gradually controlled as follow: at seated position the systolic BP changed from 156.05 +/- 5.07 mmHg to 129 +/- 3.74 mmHg (p < 0.001) and the diastolic BP from 99.74 +/- 1.59 mmHg to 81.8 +/- 2.27 mmHg (p < 0.001). At orthostatic position the systolic BP changed from 156.9 +/- 5.35 mmHg to 124.28 +/- 5.33 mmHg (p < 0.001) and the diastolic BP from 101.7 +/- 1.34 to 81.36 +/- 2.81 (p < 0.001). The heart rate did not change significantly during the study. The LVMI decreased significantly from 182.4 +/- 9.2g/m2 to 122.6 +/- 4.2g/m2 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION--Our data revealed that 100 per cent of the patients achieved satisfactory degrees of LVMI regression and in 34 per cent there was a normalization of it


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/drug therapy , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Benzazepines/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Arterial Pressure
16.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;61(6): 379-382, dez. 1993. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-148889

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE--To evaluate the efficacy and safety of benazepril versus captopril in patients with mild or moderate systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). METHODS--A multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial analyzed 174 patients, mean age of 52 +/- 9 years, 68 (39 per cent ) men. After 2 weeks under placebo, 90 patients were treated, during 6 weeks, with 10 mg, once a day, of benazepril (BZ) and 50 mg, twice a day, of captopril (CPT). At week 3, 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) was added if diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was greater than 90 mmHg. Side effects were analyzed as a not related, unlikely, possible, probable and definitive regard to treatment. RESULTS--Systolic (p < 0.001) and DBP (p < 0.0001) reductions were observed in both groups. Additional reduction was observed in both groups when 25 mg of HCT was added in patients with DBP > 90 mmHg at week 3. Heart rate was unchanged. The response to treatment was better at BZ group (74 per cent versus 59 per cent of good and excellent response; p = 0.037). Side effects classified as probable or definitive in relation to the treatment occur in 3 (3 per cent ) and 10 (11 per cent ), respectively at BZ an CPT groups. Laboratorial changes were not observed during treatment. CONCLUSION--BZ (10 mg) was superior to CPT (50 mg) in patients with discrete and moderate SAH


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Benzazepines/therapeutic use , Captopril/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Double-Blind Method
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