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1.
Clin. biomed. res ; 38(2): 141-150, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1025547

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Os anticoncepcionais orais vêm sofrendo alterações em suas concentrações de estrogênio e progestogênio, baseando-se no fato de que doses mais baixas estão associadas a menor incidência de alterações metabólicas e de efeitos adversos, como o comprometimento da morfologia e função da artéria aorta. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a influência dos anticoncepcionais nas propriedades morfofuncionais da artéria aorta, através do método histoquímico, demonstrando sua utilidade nas análises histopatológicas. Métodos: Para tanto, foram utilizadas 15 ratas divididas em 3 grupos; Grupo controle (GC), cujos animais não receberam tratamento hormonal; Grupo 2 (G2), onde os animais receberam tratamento diário de 15 µg de etinilestradiol + 60 µg de gestodeno; e Grupo 3 (G3), que recebeu 30 µg de etinilestradiol + 75 µg de gestodeno. Após o tratamento, os animais foram eutanasiados e as artérias retiradas para análise histológica. Resultados: Os valores encontrados com a técnica de coloração histológica de hematoxilina e eosina (HE), bem como na coloração específica em histoquímica com Alcian Blue, demonstram que no G3, tratados com uma dosagem superior de hormônio, 8% das ratas tem aumento relevante da espessura de suas artérias, ou seja, superior ao G2, que recebeu dosagem menor de hormônio, e GC, o qual não recebeu nenhum tipo de tratamento. Conclusão: Este estudo demonstra que existem relações entre o espessamento das artérias, de ratas submetidas a dosagens de etinilestradiol e gestodeno, com a grande quantidade de mucopolissacarídeos depositados entre as túnicas das artérias. (AU)


Introduction: Pharmacological development of hormonal contraceptives has been undergoing changes in estrogen and progesterone doses, based on the fact that lower doses are associated with a lower incidence of metabolic changes and adverse effects, such as impairment of morphology and function of the aortic artery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of contraceptives on the morphofunctional properties of the aortic artery, using the histochemical method, demonstrating its usefulness in histopathological analyzes. Methods: For this purpose, 15 rats were divided into 3 groups; Control group (GC), whose animals did not receive hormonal treatment; Group 2 (G2), where the animals received a daily treatment of 15 µg of ethinylestradiol + 60 µg of gestodene; and Group 3 (G3), whose animals received 30 µg of ethinylestradiol + 75 µg of gestodene. After treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the arteries removed for histologic analysis. Results: The values found, with HE measurements and Alcian Blue histochemical staining, showed that in G3, treated with a higher hormone dosage, there are 8% of the rats with a relevant increase in the thickness of their arteries, that is, higher than that of G2, which received lower dosage of hormone and that of GC, which received no treatment. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that there are relations between the thickening of the arteries of rats submitted to dosages of ethinylestradiol and gestodene with the great amount of mucopolysaccharides deposited between the tunics of the arteries. (AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Aorta/drug effects , Aorta/physiopathology , Ethinyl Estradiol/adverse effects , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Rats , Contraceptives, Oral/adverse effects , Disease Models, Animal
2.
Saudi Medical Journal. 2011; 32 (1): 23-26
in English, Arabic | IMEMR | ID: emr-112942

ABSTRACT

To compare complications of third and second generation oral contraceptive pills [OCPs]. In a randomized clinical trial from October 2007 to October 2008, 100 healthy women of reproductive age referred to Amir Hospital Family Planning Clinic and some heath centers in Semnan, Iran were randomized in 2 equal groups. They received either a third generation OCP [150 micro g desogestrel [DSG] + 30 micro g ethinylestradiol [EE] or a second generation type [150 micro g levonorgestrel [LNG] + 30 micro g EE]. Six months later, changes of weight, acne, and hirsutism severity, as well as serum titers of sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG] and free testosterone were compared between the 2 groups. Forty-five women were evaluated in the DSG+EE OCP group, and 46 women in the LNG+EE OCP group. The BMI was significantly higher in the second group [p=0.000] after 6 months duration. Likewise, the decrement of acne and hirsutism seventy was significantly higher in the DSG+EE users [p=0.000]. Mean changes of serum free testosterone [f=0.967] and SHBG [f=0.916] were comparable between the 2 groups. In comparison with the LNG+EE OCP, the DSG+EE OCP is a contraceptive pill that significantly decreases the severity of acne and hirsutism, without any significant change in weight


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Desogestrel/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Levonorgestrel/pharmacology , Hirsutism/prevention & control , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Weight Gain/drug effects , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined , Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal , Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic
3.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 73(5): 293-298, 2008. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-520644

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Evaluar en mujeres chilenas, la eficacia, tolerabilidad y seguridad del anticonceptivo Belara® (Acetato de Clormadinona 2 mg y Etinilestradiol 0,03 mg) (ACM/EE). Métodos: Estudio no intervencional, multicéntrico, prospectivo, de 6 ciclos de seguimiento, evaluando efectividad anticonceptiva, estabilidad de ciclo, tolerabilidad, seguridad y acción sobre peso, piel y cabello. Resultados: ACM/EE fue tomado por 593 mujeres durante 3426 ciclos. Hubo 2 embarazos durante el seguimiento, uno voluntario y otro involuntario; en ninguno de los casos se consideró como falla del método. Durante el tratamiento se observó mejoría progresiva en la estabilidad del ciclo menstrual, sangrado intermenstrual, amenorrea y dismenorrea, con frecuencia de 4,5%, 1,4%, 2,5% y 11,6% al sexto ciclo, respectivamente. El porcentaje de mujeres con piel normal incrementó de 25,5% antes del tratamiento a 63,6% después de seis meses de administración continua de ACM/EE. El peso promedio se mantuvo estable durante el tratamiento. Los eventos adversos mas frecuentes fueron: cefalea (10,4%), aumento de peso (8,3%), mastalgia (6,1%) y trastornos del ánimo (2%). El 11% de las usuarias (n=63) suspendió ACM/EE antes de terminar los 6 meses de observación. El 97,2% de los médicos y 96,1% de las usuarias calificaron los resultados con ACM/EE como “buenos o muy buenos”. Conclusiones: Similar a los resultados reportados en la literatura europea, este estudio realizado en población chilena, confirma la eficacia, seguridad y tolerabilidad de ACM/EE así como los beneficios antiandrogénicos adicionales sobre piel y cabello, y su efecto neutral sobre el peso corporal.


Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of the contraceptive Belara® (chlormadinone 2 mg/ethinylestradiol 0.03 mg; ACM/EE) in chilean women. Methods: Non interventional, multicentric, prospective, 6 cycles follow up trial, evaluating contraceptive efficacy, cycle stability, tolerability, safety, and effect on hair and skin. Results: AMC/EE was taken by 593 women for a total of 3426 cycles. Two pregnancies were reported during follow-up, one voluntary and the other involuntary; they were not considered failure of the method. Progressive improvement in cycle stability, intermenstrual bleeding, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea occurred during the treatment period reaching 4.5%, 1.4%, 2.5% y 11.6% at the 6th cycle respectively. The percentage of women with normal skin increased from 25.5% prior to treatment, to 63.6%, after taking ACM/EE during six months. The average body weight was maintained throughout treatment. The most frequent adverse events were: headache (10.4%), weight increase (8.3%), breast tenderness (6.1%) and mood changes (2%). An 11% of users (n=63) discontinued the use of ACM/EE before completing the observational period of six months. A 97.2% of physicians and 96.1% of users qualified the results with ACM/EE as “good or very good”. Conclusions: Similar to the results reported in the European literature, this study in the Chilean population confirmed the efficacy, safety and tolerability of ACM/EE, together with its antiandrogenic benefits on skin and hair, and its neutral effect on body weight.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Androgen Antagonists , Chlormadinone Acetate/pharmacology , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Fertilization , Androgen Antagonists , Chlormadinone Acetate/administration & dosage , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/administration & dosage , Hair , Chile/epidemiology , Menstrual Cycle , Ethinyl Estradiol/administration & dosage , Multicenter Studies as Topic , Prospective Studies , Body Weight , Skin , Treatment Outcome
4.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-43026

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a new oral contraception formulation with drospirenone (Yasmin) on vital signs, complete blood count, glucose, electrolytes, and renal and liver function. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An open-label non-comparative clinical trial was conducted. One hundred women who were planning to use oral contraception for at least six months were recruited. The subjects received a blister pack which contained 21 tablets of 3 mg drospirenone /30 tg ethinyl estradiol for the first four cycles (1 cycle = 28 days). Cycle 5 and 6 blister packs were dispensed during the visit in cycle 4. Heart rate and blood pressure of each subject were checked at baseline and each visit. Serum from each subject was collected and sent for complete blood count, glucose, electrolytes, and renal and liver function tests at baseline and at cycle 6. Mean differences in these tests at cycle 6 compared to baseline were assessed. RESULTS: Ninety-two of the 100 subjects (92%) completed the present study. There was no significant change in heart rate, blood pressure, complete blood count, glucose, electrolytes, and renal and liver function tests at cycle 6 when compared to baseline. CONCLUSION: Oral contraception formulation with drospirenone (Yasmin) is well tolerated and has good contraceptive efficacy. It is safe, as it has no effect on heart rate, blood pressure, complete blood count, glucose, electrolytes, and renal and liver function.


Subject(s)
Adult , Androstenes/pharmacology , Blood Cell Count , Blood Glucose/drug effects , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Contraceptives, Oral/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Female , Heart Rate/drug effects , Humans , Kidney/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Water-Electrolyte Balance/drug effects
5.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-43662

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Oral contraceptive is the most commonly used method of fertility control. Yasmin is a combination of a novel progestogen with anti-androgenic and anti-mineralcorticoid activities (3 mg Drospirenone (DRSP) and 30 microg ethinylestradiol (EE)). It has been shown in many clinical trials that Yasmin is an efficacious oral contraceptive, lacking undesired effects as with other oral contraceptives such as weight gain. However the effects of Yasmin on sexual desire and libido have not been intensively investigated so far OBJECTIVE: Investigate the effects of Yasmin on sexual desire, libido and changes in the free androgen index (FAI) compare to Meliane (75 microg gestodene + 20 microg ethinylestradiol). MATERIAL AND METHOD: The authors' report the results of a double blind randomized controlled study using a translated version of the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire (FSFI) for the assessment of the sexual function. The free androgen index was calculated from measurements of testosterone and sexual hormone binding globulin. RESULT: The result shows statistically significant improvements regarding sexual desire, arousal and overall satisfaction in the Yasmin group. Additionally, an increased frequency of orgasms in the Meliane group was reported. Statistically significant differences between the two treatments regarding changes in the FSFI score and changes in the free androgen index have not been observed. CONCLUSION: The novel oral contraceptive containing drospirenone (Yasmin) and the non-anti-androgenic progestin containing oral contraceptive (Meliane) do not show unfavorable effects on sexual response and libido.


Subject(s)
Adult , Androgens , Androstenes/pharmacology , Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Norpregnenes/pharmacology , Patient Satisfaction , Progesterone Congeners/pharmacology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sexual Behavior/drug effects , Thailand , Time Factors
6.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-1109

ABSTRACT

This study was done to appraise the effects of low-dose oral contraceptives (OC(s)) containing synthetic estrogen ethinyl estradiol and synthetic progestin levonorgestrel on serum total cholesterol, TAG, HDL-C and LDL-C levels. Ninety young women within reproductive age group were picked for this study. Sixty women using low-dose oral contraceptives served as experimental group and thirty age matched hormonal contraceptive non-users were selected for control group. Experimental group was again subdivided into OCP users for last one-year group, three-year groups and five-year group. The results showed that there were no significant differences on most of the study parameters between users and non-users women. But there was a significant accession of serum triacylglycerol only in OCP user groups. The results hint that low-dose oral contraceptives regimens partly impaired the lipid metabolism. So, the safeness of low-dose OCP used in National Population Control Program is further inspired. The value of studied parameters for serial longer continuation of OCP uses need to be renegotiated.


Subject(s)
Adult , Case-Control Studies , Cholesterol/blood , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Female , Humans , Levonorgestrel/pharmacology , Prospective Studies , Triglycerides/blood
7.
RBM rev. bras. med ; 61(3): 156-159, mar. 2004. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-394744

ABSTRACT

A partir de sua introdução no mercado, na década de 60, os contraceptivos orais vem apresentando importante evolução, particularmente na redução do conteúdo estrogêníco e na síntese de novos progestagâníos, O termo "baixa dose'se refere a pílulas com dose de etinilestradiol abaixo de 50 mcg,, no entanto, existem diferenças ao compararmos contraceptivos com 30 mcg, 20 mcg ou 15 mcg desse esteróíde. Os anticoncepcionais de 20 mcg ou 15 mcg de etinilestradiol apresentam elevada eficácia contraceptiva, manutenção dos benefícios não contraceptivos (melhora da pele, redução do risco de câncer de endométrío e ovário, alívio da dismenorréia) e bom controle do cicio. Diferenciam-se das pílulas de 30 mcg de etinilestradiol pelo seu perfil metabólico e pela menor incidência de efeitos adversos. Dessa forma, a opção por pílulas de menor dose estrogênica se fundamenta em características individuais de pacientes, incluindo fatores de risco cardiovascu- lares e presença de efeitos colateraís com contraceptivos de maior conteúdo estrogênico.(au)


Subject(s)
Humans , Contraceptives, Oral , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/therapeutic use
8.
Reprod. clim ; 19: 12-17, 2004. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-433069

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Os anticoncepcionais hormonais orais vêm sofrendo progressiva redução de dose desde as suasformulações iniciais, sem, no entanto comprometer sua eficácia e com considerável melhora do seu perfil de segurança. Entre jovens adolescentes, a satisfação com essas novas formulações tem sido maior que a de usuárias de outros métodos. Isso é particularmente conveniente, já que nessa faixa etária ocorre a maioria das gestações não-desejadas. O impacto causado por essas gestações e os riscos associados ao alto percentual de abortos justifica o desenvolvimento e a análise de novas formulações contraceptivas em pacientes adolescentes. Nosso objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar a tolerabilidade, aceitabilidade e controle do ciclo de um contraceptivo hormonal oral de baixa dose contendo gestodeno (75 microgramas) e etinilestradiol (20 microgramas), em mulheres adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Este foi um ensaio clínico aberto, não-comparativo e multicêntrico conduzido em pacientes ambulatoriais. A idade das participantes deste estudo variou de 14 a 20 anos. Estatísticas descritivas foram empregadas para a análise do controle do ciclo e segurança. Alterações de peso, estatura, pressão arterial, freqüência cardíaca, dados laboratoriais, duração do ciclo, e sangramento de privação foram avaliados pelo teste t pareado. RESULTADOS: O presente estudo avaliou um número significativo de ciclos (918 ciclos) para permitir uma análise adequada dos sangramentos de privação e intermenstruais na vigência da medicação proposta. Conforme observamos, o emprego da formação GTD75/EE20 ofereceu um bom controle do ciclo, praticamente não alterando o padrão próprio da usuária, prévio ao uso do contraceptivo. CONCLUSÕES: A formulação contraceptiva GTD75/EE20 traz características muito adequadas à sua indicação em adolescentes que, para aceitação e aderência apropriadas, necessitam de um método seguro, com bom controle de ciclo, eficácia contraceptiva, bom controle do peso corporal e baixa incidência de reações adversas


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Adolescent , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/administration & dosage , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/adverse effects , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/pharmacology , Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal/administration & dosage , Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/administration & dosage , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Pregnancy , Hemorrhage
9.
JMJ-Juba Medical Journal. 2002; 1 (2): 122-7
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-59586

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to determine the effects of a monophasic oral contraceptive containing 30[Mmicro]g ethinyl estradiol and 150[micro]g desogestrel [Marvelon] on serum concentration of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, and lipoprotein cholesterol fractions in 50 Sudanese women aged 18-30 years. Six treatment cycles were compared with the cycle prior to the first treatment cycle [pretreatment cycle]. Serum concentration of the studied lipid parameters increased progressively. Increase in serum concentration of triacylglycerols, high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol [VLDL-C] was not statistically significant [P>0.05] after the last treatment cycle, when compared with the pretreatment cycle. Increase in serum concentration of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] was statistically significant [P<0.05]. HDL-C/LDL-C ratio decreased non significantly after the last treatment cycle. Marvelon showed high effectiveness as a contraceptive agent, exhibited better cycle control. Menstrual complaints were minor. Reported side effects tended to subside by the last treatment cycle


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Ethinyl Estradiol/administration & dosage , Desogestrel/administration & dosage , Triglycerides/metabolism , Lipoproteins, LDL , Lipoproteins, HDL , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Desogestrel/pharmacology
10.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 2001 Feb; 39(2): 119-31
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-58970

ABSTRACT

One antioestrogenic compound as well as some antifertility drugs have been administered to female albino rats over a period of six months to study their long term effects on fine structures in PRL cell. Almost in all the cases, the dynamics of hormone synthesis and secretion have been affected. Fine structure is suggestive of activation of synthetic machinery of the cell. The cell picture under the estradiol valerate regimen presents a transitional stage progressing towards involution due to accelerated cell cycle. Sparse granulation, frequent granule extrusion and misplaced exocytosis under the influence of tamoxifen citrate or levonorgestrel + ethinyloestradiol are similar to those observed in adenomatous PRL cell. Fine structural correlates of stepped up synthesis are also observed following chronic progesterogenic influences of progesterone and norethisterone heptanoate, but the magnitude of the change is on a lower scale. All the fine structural changes have been discussed in the context of ultrastructural pathology.


Subject(s)
Animals , Contraceptive Agents/pharmacology , Estrogen Receptor Modulators/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Female , Levonorgestrel/pharmacology , Microscopy, Electron , Norethindrone/pharmacology , Pituitary Gland/drug effects , Progesterone/pharmacology , Prolactin/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Tamoxifen/pharmacology
11.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 2000 Sep; 38(9): 906-11
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-61496

ABSTRACT

Lipophilicity (log P) of the drug plays an important role when drug reaches in the critical reaction site, i.e., active site cum receptors where the major constituent is lipid moieties. The drug molecule may be responsible for altering the lipid constituents, which is measured in terms of phosphorus content and can be explained by their fatty acid changes that are linked with biological effect of the drug. Having considered the lipophilicity of ethinyl estradiol (log P = 3.67), its interactions with the whole lipid of goat blood have been investigated along with fatty acid changes and lipid peroxidation phenomena. There was significant loss of phosphorus content of phospholipid and change of fatty acid constituents of whole lipid. This may be ascribed to binding affinity of ethinyl estradiol with lipid constituents in blood. Lipid binding potential of the drug may have role in its therapeutic effect. The peroxidation induced by drug has been quantitatively measured along with its suppression by using antioxidant. The results reveal that ethinyl estradiol caused significant extent of lipid peroxidation. Ascorbic acid, a promising antioxidant could significantly reduce drug induced lipid peroxidation.


Subject(s)
Animals , Estradiol Congeners/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Fatty Acids/blood , Goats , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Lipids/blood , Phosphorus/analysis , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolism
12.
J. bras. ginecol ; 107(5): 163-8, maio 1997. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-198158

ABSTRACT

Um estudo multicêntrico foi conduzido em 12 centros brasileiros para avaliar a eficácia, tolerabilidade e controle de ciclo de um novo contraceptivo de baixa dose contendo 75 mc de gestodeno e 20 mcg de etinilestradiol, durante seis ciclos de tratamento. Participaram do estudo 323 mulheres, das quais 272 completaram os seis ciclos de tratamento. Nenhuma gravidez ocorreu entre as usuárias do contraceptivo em estudo. Um total de 1.705 ciclos foi avaliado quanto ao padrao de sangramento. Em 95,2 por cento dos ciclos nao houve spoting nem sangramento de escape. Ocorreu spotting em 3,9 por cento dos ciclos e sangramento de escape em 2,5 por cento dos ciclos. Com relaçao ao número de mulheres, 86,1 por cento nao apresentaram spotting nem sangramento de escape em nenhum momento do ciclo. Observou-se uma diminuiçao significativa, com relaçaoa o pré tratamento, da incidência e intensidade de sinais e sintomas tais como acne, dismenorréia, edema, desconforto mamário, náusea, cefaléia, enxaqueca, tontura, nervosismo, depressao e fadiga. Nao houve variaçao significativa no peso médio ao longo do tratamento. A adesao ao tratamento foi boa, tendo havido esquecimento de tomada de uma ou mais pílulas em apenas 4 por cento de ciclos; 15,8 por cento das mulheres nao completaram o período de seis ciclos de tratamento, sendo que em 5,9 por cento dos casos a razao para descontinuaçao foi atribuída a efeitos adversos. Os resultados permitem concluir pela eficácia contraceptiva, bom controle de ciclo e tolerabiblidade do novo contraceptivo contendo gestodeno associaçao a 20 mcg de etinilestradiol


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/therapeutic use , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/therapeutic use , Multicenter Studies as Topic , Progestins/pharmacology
13.
J. bras. ginecol ; 105(5): s.p, maio 1995. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-166712

ABSTRACT

A eficácia, o controle de ciclo, a tolerabilidade e a aceitabilidade de um contraceptivo oral monofásico de baixa dosagem contendo gestodene 75 mcg e etinilestradiol 30 mcg, foram avaliados em um estudo prospectivo multicêntrico, nåo comparativo, aberto, de seis ciclos de tratamento. Foram avaliados um total de 1.666 ciclos. Nåo houve ocorrência de gravidez. Aderência ao tratamento foi boa com omissåo de uma ou mais pílulas em somente 3,3 por cento dos ciclos. Durante o estudo, houve uma reduçåo significante da duraçåo dio ciclo e duraçåo e intensidade do fluxo em relaçåo ao pré-tratamento. Somente em 2,34 por cento e 1,14 por cento dos ciclos houve ocorrências de spotting e sangramento intermenstrual, respectivamente. Nåo houve ocorrência de amenorréia. Houve reduçåo significante (p<0,05) de acne, tensåo mamária e dismenorréia durante o tratamento. Reaçöes adversas (náusea, cefaléia e vômito) foram relatadas por 12,98 por cento das pacientes, sendo de leve intensidade e tendência a desaparecer com a continuidade do tratamento. Uma paciente interrompeu o tratamento, por efeito colateral (náusea, pirose e tontura). Nåo houve alteraçöes clinicamente significantes na pressåo arterial, peso corpóreo, bioquímica sangüínea e urinálise


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/administration & dosage , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/adverse effects , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Multicenter Studies as Topic
14.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 1995 Jan; 39(1): 59-62
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-108578

ABSTRACT

Hexane extract of the seeds of Nigella sativa L. prevented pregnancy in Sprague-Dawley rats treated orally at 2 g/kg daily dose on days 1-10 post-coitum. Significant antifertility activity was also observed in its column fractions and subfractions. At contraceptive dose, the active hexane extract exhibited only mild uterotrophic activity comparable almost to 0.002 mg/kg dose of 17 varies; is directly proportional to-Ethinylestradiol, but was devoid of any estrogenicity in the immature rat bioassay.


Subject(s)
Animals , Contraceptives, Postcoital/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Female , Fertility/drug effects , Hexanes/chemistry , Ovariectomy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , Pregnancy , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Seeds , Vaginal Smears
15.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 61(10): 299-303, oct. 1993. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-134844

ABSTRACT

Se estudió una formulación oral monofásica a base de 75 mcg de gestodeno y 30 mcg de etinilestradiol, con el objeto de probar su seguridad, eficacia y control del ciclo menstrual. En el estudio se incluyeron 67 mujeres sanas que acumularon 574 ciclos. Esta formulación mostró ser muy eficaz, ya que con el uso adecuado del método no se presentó ningún embarazo. los efectos secundarios observados fueron iguales o menores a los reportados con otros anticonceptivos hormonales orales. La administración de este nuevo preparado no modificó los parámetros hematológicos, bioquímicos o urinarios de las usuarias. Con respecto al control sobre el sangrado endometrial, las usuarias de mantuvieron dentro de un patrón menstrual considerado como acptable. En conclusión, se trata de un anticonceptivo oral que resultó ser eficaz, bien aceptado y cuyos efectos secundarios son semejantes o menores a los de otros anticonceptivos orales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Menstrual Cycle/drug effects , Mestranol/pharmacology , Contraceptives, Oral, Combined/pharmacology
16.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 61(9): 265-7, sept. 1993. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-134838

ABSTRACT

Con la hipótesis de trabajo de que la efectividad anticonceptiva comprobada de la mezcla de 75 mcg. de gestodeno con 30 mcg. de etinilestradiol es debida en parte de los cambios morfológicos e histoquímicos que inducen en el endometrio, se administró esta medicación durante 21 días de cada ciclo a partir del 1er. día durante seis ciclos a 32 pacientes sanas, ovulatorias y con fertilidad previa comprobada que solicitaron anticoncepción hormonal y aceptaron participar en el estudio. Como parte de la vigilancia de su evolución, se les tomaron biopsias de endometrio en fase progestacional en el ciclo previo y, en el sexto ciclo de tratamiento, al día siguiente de terminar la toma de esteroides, a diez de ellas escogidas al azar. Los endometrios se estudiaron mediante tención de hamatoxilina-eosina y por los métodos histoquímicos para determinar glucógeno y ácidos nucléicos y las imágenes se juzgaron con los criterios establecidos en trabajos previos para este tipo de estudios. Los cambios morfológicos observados fueron semejantes a los ya conocidos para otras mezclas anticonceptivas, pero en la histoquímica se observó alteración del glucógeno semejante a la que producen los esteroides 19-nor, mientras que los ácidos nucleicos semejan más a lo encontrado con esteroides 17-acetoxi. Se confirma que la mezcla en estudio sí modifica la biología endometrial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Endometrium/drug effects , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Histocytochemistry/methods , Contraceptive Agents, Female/administration & dosage , Endometrium/metabolism , Ethinyl Estradiol/metabolism
17.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 1991 Sep; 29(9): 862-3
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-57940

ABSTRACT

An oral administration of antifertility drug Lyndral (17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol) at doses 5 micrograms/rat/a week for 3 consecutive weeks altered the internal biochemical milieu of uterus, showing a cyclic variation in both acid and alkaline phosphatase of the uterine fluid with high levels being present at proestrus and estrus in control rats. In Lyndral treated rats acid phosphatase showed a tendency to increase in estrus and metestrus rats, whereas alkaline phosphatase increased significantly during proestrus and estrus stages of the cycle. All these altered phosphatase levels in uterine fluid, after Lyndral treatment, gives some insight into the hormonal sensitiveness of these enzymes.


Subject(s)
Administration, Oral , Animals , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Female , Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/metabolism , Rats , Uterus/drug effects
18.
Reproduçäo ; 6(2): 101-6, mar.-abr. 1991. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-123434

ABSTRACT

Com o objetivo de avaliar o mecanismo de açäo do citrato de clomifene (CO), dez mulheres hipogonádicas foram submetida à infusäo endovenosa contínua de GnRH nas seguintes condiçöes: sem qualquer medicaçäo (Teste I), após uso de CC (Teste II), após uso de etinil-estradiol (EE) (Teste III) e após uso de EE e CC (Teste IV). Os resultados mostraram que em condiçöes de hipoestrogenismo o CC näo modifica a resposta hipofisária de LH e FSH ao GnRH, mostrando uma leve açäo estrogênica. Entretanto, o uso de CC após estrogenioterapia promoveu diferentes respostas para o LH e FSH quando comparadas ao uso de EE isoladamente. Para o LH houve uma significante inibiçäo na sua liberaçäo, com menor sensibilidade, reserva e capacidade hipofisária. Para o FSH observou-se o oposto, com um incremento na sua liberaçäo, com maior sensibilidade e reserva hipofisária


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Clomiphene/pharmacology , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/metabolism , Pituitary Gland, Anterior , Luteinizing Hormone/metabolism , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/pharmacology , Luteinizing Hormone/blood , Luteinizing Hormone/drug effects
20.
Invest. med. int ; 14(4): 225-32, feb. 1988. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-65148

ABSTRACT

Para determinar el efecto de la mezcla anticonceptiva desogestrel/etinil estradiol (150/30 mcg) sobre el metabolismo de los lípidos y los riesgos coronarios en las usuarias, se hizo un estudio comparativo con otros compuestos: levonorgestrel, noretindrona y un esquema trifásico a base de levonorgestrel; todos ellos asociados a etinil estradiol. Aunque en general los resultados fueron favorables a todos los compuestos, se advirtió un efecto particular, muy notable, del desogestrel al aumentar las HDL-t en forma creciente a lo largo del consumo. Asimismo mantuvo en cifras menores el colesterol total y los triglicéridos y en niveles bajos las HDL-c. Los índices coronarios reflejaron con claridad estos hallazos, sobre todo el representado por la división del HDL-t entre el colesterol total


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol/blood , Coronary Disease/chemically induced , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Lipids/metabolism , Nandrolone/analysis , Triglycerides/blood
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