ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction: In the last decade, there has been an increasing use of biomaterial patches in the regeneration of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations. The major advantages of biomaterial patches are to provisionally restore the physiological function of the middle ear, thereby immediately improving ear symptoms, and act as a scaffold for epithelium migration. However, whether there are additional biological effects on eardrum regeneration is unclear for biological material patching in the clinic. Objective: This study evaluated the healing response for different repair patterns in human traumatic tympanic membrane perforations by endoscopic observation. Methods: In total, 114 patients with traumatic tympanic membrane perforations were allocated sequentially to two groups: the spontaneous healing group (n = 57) and Gelfoam patch-treated group (n = 57). The closure rate, closure time, and rate of otorrhea were compared between the groups at 3 months. Results: Ultimately, 107 patients were analyzed in the two groups (52 patients in the spontaneous healing group vs. 55 patients in the Gelfoam patch-treated group). The overall closure rate at the end of the 3 month follow-up period was 90.4% in the spontaneous healing group and 94.5% in the Gelfoam patch-treated group; the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). However, the total average closure time was significantly different between the two groups (26.8 ± 9.1 days in the spontaneous healing group vs. 14.7 ± 9.1 days in the Gelfoam patch-treated group, p < 0.01). In addition, the closure rate was not significantly different between the spontaneous healing group and Gelfoam patch-treated group regardless of the perforation size. The closure time in the Gelfoam patch-treated group was significantly shorter than that in the spontaneous healing group regardless of the perforation size (small perforations: 7.1 ± 1.6 days vs. 12.6 ± 3.9, medium-sized perforations: 13.3 ± 2.2 days vs. 21.8 ± 4.2 days, and large perforations: 21.2 ± 4.7 days vs. 38.4 ± 5.7 days; p < 0.01). Conclusion: In the regeneration of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations, Gelfoam patching not only plays a scaffolding role for epithelial migration, it also promotes edema and hyperplasia of granulation tissue at the edges of the perforation and accelerates eardrum healing.
Resumo Introdução: Na última década, houve um uso crescente de placas biomateriais na regeneração de perfurações traumáticas da membrana timpânica. As principais vantagens das placas de biomateriais são restaurar provisoriamente a função fisiológica da orelha média, assim melhoram imediatamente os sintomas da orelha e atuam como um suporte para a migração do epitélio. No entanto, não se sabe se há efeitos clínicos adicionais na regeneração do tímpano em relação ao fragmento de material biológico. Objetivo: Avaliar a resposta de cicatrização para diferentes padrões de reparo em perfurações de membrana timpânica traumáticas humanas por meio de observação endoscópica. Método: Foram alocados 114 pacientes com perfurações de membrana timpânica traumáticas sequencialmente para dois grupos: o de cicatrização espontânea (n = 57) e o tratado com esponja de Gelfoam (n = 57). A velocidade de fechamento, o tempo de fechamento e a taxa de otorreia foram comparados entre os grupos aos três meses. Resultados: Foram analisados 107 pacientes nos dois grupos (52 no de cicatrização espontânea e 55 no tratado com esponja de Gelfoam). A velocidade global de fechamento no fim do período de seguimento de três meses foi de 90,4% no grupo de cicatrização espontânea e de 94,5% no grupo tratado com esponja de Gelfoam; a diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa (p > 0,05). No entanto, o tempo total médio de fechamento foi significativamente diferente entre os dois grupos (26,8 ± 9,1 dias no de cicatrização espontânea versus 14,7 ± 9,1 dias no tratado com esponja de Gelfoam, p < 0,01). Além disso, a velocidade de fechamento não foi significativamente diferente entre o grupo de cicatrização espontânea e o grupo tratado com esponja de Gelfoam, independentemente do tamanho da perfuração. O tempo de fechamento no grupo tratado com esponjas de Gelfoam foi significativamente menor do que no grupo de cicatrização espontânea, independentemente do tamanho da perfuração (pequenas perfurações: 7,1 ± 1,6 dias vs. 12,6 ± 3,9, perfurações de tamanho médio: 13,3 ± 2,2 dias vs. 21,8 ± 4,2 dias e grandes perfurações: 21,2 ± 4,7 dias vs. 38,4 ± 5,7 dias; p < 0,01). Conclusão: Na regeneração de PMT traumáticas, a esponja de Gelfoam não só desempenha um papel de estrutura para a migração epitelial, mas também promove edema e hiperplasia de tecido de granulação nas bordas da perfuração e acelera a cicatrização do tímpano.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Wound Healing , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/diagnostic imaging , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Tympanic Membrane Perforation/therapy , Ear, Middle , Endoscopy , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) combined with a modified α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) or gelatin sponge (GS) scaffolds for bone healing in a rat model. Material and Methods Bone defects were surgically created in the femur of adult SHR rats and filled with the scaffolds, empty or combined with ASCs. The results were analyzed by histology and histomorphometry on days seven, 14, 30, and 60. Results Significantly increased bone repair was observed on days seven and 60 in animals treated with α-TCP/ASCs, and on day 14 in the group treated with GS/ASCs, when compared with the groups treated with the biomaterials alone. Intense fibroplasia was observed in the group treated with GS alone, on days 14 and 30. Conclusions Our results showed that the use of ASCs combined with α-TCP or GS scaffolds resulted in increased bone repair. The higher efficacy of the α-TCP scaffold suggests osteoconductive property that results in a biological support to the cells, whereas the GS scaffold functions just as a carrier. These results confirm the potential of ASCs in accelerating bone repair in in vivo experimental rat models. These results suggest a new alternative for treating bone defects.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Biocompatible Materials/pharmacology , Bone Regeneration/drug effects , Calcium Phosphates/pharmacology , Adipose Tissue/cytology , Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Tissue Scaffolds , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/pharmacology , Osteogenesis/drug effects , Rats, Inbred SHR , Tetrazolium Salts , Time Factors , Wound Healing/drug effects , Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use , Calcium Phosphates/therapeutic use , Cell Adhesion/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Models, Animal , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Femur/surgery , Femur/pathology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Formazans , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic useABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Several biomaterials can be used in ear surgery to pack the middle ear or support the graft. The absorbable gelatin sponge is the most widely used, but it may produce fibrosis and impair ventilation of the middle ear. OBJECTIVE: This experimental study aimed to investigate the inflammatory effects of the sugarcane biopolymer sponge (BP) in the rat middle ear compared with absorbable gelatin sponge (AGS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective experimental study design. Thirty adult female Wistar rats were allocated to receive the BP sponge into the right ear and AGS into the left ear. Animals were randomly killed at 4 and 12 weeks post-procedure. Qualitative histological assessments were performed to evaluate the inflammatory reaction in the tympanic bullae. RESULTS: The BP sponge caused inflammation more intense and persistent than AGS. The BP was not absorbed during the experiment. Fibrosis was observed only in the ears with AGS. There were thickening of the mucosa and neoangiogenesis in the group of AGS. CONCLUSION: Despite inflammation, the BP sponge produced less fibrosis and neoangiogenesis compared to AGS. The sponge BP appeared to be a non-absorbable biomaterial in the middle ear. .
INTRODUÇÃO: Existem diversos biomateriais que podem ser utilizados na cirurgia otológica para preencher a cavidade da orelha média ou dar suporte a enxertos. A esponja de gelatina absorvível é a mais utilizada, mas pode provocar fibrose e prejudicar a ventilação da orelha média. OBJETIVO: Investigar os efeitos da reação inflamatória provocada pela esponja do biopolímero da cana-de-açúcar (BP) comparada a esponja de gelatina absorvível (EGA) na mucosa da orelha média de ratos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo experimental prospectivo. A esponja do BP foi implantada na orelha direita e a EGA na orelha esquerda de 30 ratos Wistar fêmeas. Os animais foram sacrificados com 4 e 12 semanas após o procedimento. Avaliação histológica qualitativa foi realizada para verificar a reação inflamatória na bula timpânica. RESULTADOS: A esponja do BP provocou exsudato inflamatório mais intenso e persistente que a EGA. O BP não foi absorvido durante o tempo de observação. Traves de fibrose foram observadas apenas nos ouvidos com a EGA. Houve espessamento da mucosa e neoangiogênese no grupo da EGA. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar da reação inflamatória, a esponja do BP provocou menos fibrose e neoangiogênese quando comparada a EGA. A esponja do BP comportou-se como um biomaterial não absorvível na orelha média. .
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use , Biopolymers/therapeutic use , Ear, Middle/surgery , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Porifera , Saccharum , Ear, Middle/pathology , Membranes, Artificial , Prospective Studies , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Introdução: Existem inúmeros materiais para reconstrução de deformidades do dorso nasal que Orelha são divididos em quatro categorias: enxertos autólogos, homólogos, heterólogos e aloplásticos. Objetivo: Comparar as condições através do tempo das reações inflamatórias do enxerto de cartilagem auricular com e sem Gelfoam® quando colocadas no dorso nasal de coelhos. Método: Foram estudados 30 coelhos, em dois grupos de 15 coelhos cada (Grupo com cartilagem e Grupo com cartilagem mais Gelfoam®) e em seguida subdivididos em três sub grupos de 7, 30 e 60 dias de seguimento onde os enxertos de 1,5 centímetro de comprimento e 0,5 de largura eram colocados metade com Gelfoam® e outra metade sem Gelfoam® na bolsa de enxertia sobre o dorso nasal de coelhos. Após o período determinado, os coelhos de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia e a seguir os enxertos foram submetidos a estudo histológico. Resultados: O grupo experimental foram os que mais apresentaram neovascularização e formação de tecido de granulação e em relação a presença de processo inflamatório agudo e crônico, os resultados se mostraram praticamente iguais tanto nos coelhos do modelo controle quanto no experimental em todos os três grupos. Conclusão: Não há diferença estatística entre os grupos. .
Introductions: There are several materials for reconstruction of nasal dorsum deformities, which are divided into four categories: autologous, homologous, heterologous, and alloplastic grafts. Objective: To compare experimental conditions through inflammatory time reactions in ear cartilage grafts with and without Gelfoam® when grafted on the nasal dorsum of rabbits. Methods: This study included 30 rabbits, divided into two groups of 15 rabbits each (Gelfoam®and cartilage group and cartilage group), and then divided into three sub-groups of 7, 30, and 60 days of follow-up, where the 1.5 cm long and 0.5 wide grafts were placed in the stock grafting on the nasal dorsum of rabbits, half with and half without Gelfoam®. After the specified period, the rabbits in each group were euthanized, and the grafts were then submitted to a histological study. Results: The experimental group revealed more neovascularization and granulation tissue formation; in terms of the presence of acute and chronic inflammatory process, the results were virtually identical in rabbits from both the control and experimental models in all three groups. Conclusion: There was no statistical difference to justify the use of Gelfoam® surrounding cartilage graft for nasal dorsum reconstruction. .
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Ear Cartilage/transplantation , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Nasal Septum/surgery , Transplantation, AutologousABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the results of different agents for bronchial artery embolization of hemoptysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 1992 to December 2006, a bronchial artery embolization was performed on 430 patients with hemoptysis. The patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 included 74 patients treated with a gelfoam particle (1x1x1 mm), while group 2 comprised of 205 patients treated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) at 355-500 micrometer, and group 3 included 151 patients treated with PVA at 500-710 micrometer. We categorized the results as technical and clinical successes, and also included the mid-term results. Retrospectively, the technical success was compared immediately after the procedure. The clinical success and mid-term results (percentage of patients who were free of hemoptysis) were compared at 1 and 12 months after the procedure, respectively. RESULTS: Neither the technical successes (group 1; 85%, 2; 85%, 3; 90%) nor the clinical successes (group 1; 72%, 2; 74%, 3; 71%) showed a significant difference among the 3 groups (p > 0.05). However, the mid-term results (group 1; 45%, 2; 63%, 3; 62%) and mid-term results excluding the recurrence from collateral vessels in each of the groups (group 1; 1 patient, 2; 4 patients, 3; 2 patients) showed that group 1 was lower than the other two groups (p 0.05). CONCLUSION: Polyvinyl alcohol appears to be the more optimal modality compared to gelfoam particle for bronchial artery embolization in order to improve the mid-term results. The material size of PVA needs to be selected to match with the vascular diameter.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Angiography , Bronchial Arteries , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Hemoptysis/etiology , Hemostatics/therapeutic use , Polyvinyl Alcohol/therapeutic use , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Despite remarkable advancement in the surveillance and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the availability of novel curative options, a great proportion of HCC patients are still not eligible for curative treatment due to an advanced tumor stage or poor hepatic functional reserve. Therefore, there is a continuing need for effective palliative treatments. Although practiced widely, it has only recently been demonstrated that the use of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) provides a survival benefit based on randomized controlled studies. Hence, TACE has become standard treatment in selected patients. TACE combines the effect of targeted chemotherapy with the effect of ischemic necrosis induced by arterial embolization. Most of the TACE procedures have been based on iodized oil utilizing the microembolic and drug-carrying characteristic of iodized oil. Recently, there have been efforts to improve the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to a tumor. In this review, the basic principles, technical issues and complications of TACE are reviewed and recent advancement in TACE technique and clinical applicability are briefed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy , Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/methods , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Infusions, Intra-Arterial , Iodized Oil/therapeutic use , Liver Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
Objetivos: Mostrar el beneficio del trabajo multidisciplinario en el tratamiento de las hemorragias graves del posparto, resaltando el papel del anestesiólogo en la toma de decisiones cuando se emplea la embolización arterial uterina para lograr hemostasia. Material y método: Se registró la hemostasia, la presencia de shock, el volumen de reposición, la estadía en la UCI y la histerectomía de 47 pacientes con hemorragias graves del posparto sin respuesta al tratamiento inicial y posteriormente embolizadas. Se evaluó la importancia del llamado de ayuda precoz y la participación del anestesiólogo. Resultados: Se logró hemostasia en todos los casos, sin mortalidad materna y con baja morbilidad y pocas complicaciones. La embolización fue eficaz y segura con 91,5 por ciento de hemostasia definitiva; el fracaso de 8,5 por ciento obedeció a roturas vaginales y uterinas severas desapercibidas. La decisión del anestesiólogo de realizar la embolización uterina fue tomada en forma más precoz, con menos incidencia de shock y menores requerimientos de reposición; esto comparado con los casos en los que no intervino en esa decisión. Discusión: La hemorragia grave del posparto es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad materna que impone la acción coordinada y rápida de múltiples especialistas implicados en estos graves cuadros. Se ha reportado que esta intervención multidisciplinaria, incluyendo la embolización uterina, permite, mejorar dicho tratamiento. En este trabajo pudimos confirmar estos conceptos y demostrar que el beneficio es mayor cuando los especialistas tratantes intervienen más precozmente. Conclusión: La actuación conjunta de especialistas en las hemorragia graves del posparto y la incorporación de la embolización uterina a la terapéutica ofrecen excelentes resultados de hemostasia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Embolization, Therapeutic/instrumentation , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Postpartum Hemorrhage/therapy , Anesthesiology , Obstetric Labor Complications/therapy , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Uterine Hemorrhage/therapy , Professional RoleABSTRACT
Management of a persistent bronchopleural fistula (BPF) can be a therapeutic challenge. The etiological factors responsible for BPF include pulmonary tuberculosis, post-thoracic resection surgeries, trauma, malignancy, necrotising infections and rupture of lung abscess. The immediate management of BPF is drainage of the pleural cavity with insertion of an intercostal drainage tube. Patients with BPF may also require surgical intervention in the form of a wedge resection or lobectomy or muscle flap surgery. We report a case of a peripheral BPF secondary to a bacterial infection, which was successfully managed by the instillation of gelfoam via flexible bronchoscopy.
Subject(s)
Bronchial Fistula/therapy , Bronchoscopy , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Hemostatics/therapeutic use , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pleural Diseases/therapyABSTRACT
Se revisó la incidencia de las úlceras de origen vascular de los miembros pélvicos así como los diferentes sistemas de tratamiento. En un lapso de cinco años se trataron 112 pacientes con un total de 166 lesiones ulcerosas, se utilizó el apósito oclusivo con material hidrocoloide. El resultado satisfactorio se obtuvo en el 75 por ciento de los casos en un tiempo promedio de dos meses.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Occlusive Dressings , Foot , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Karaya Gum/therapeutic use , Petrolatum/therapeutic use , Leg Ulcer/therapy , Varicose Ulcer/physiopathology , Colloids/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Four patients with life threatening bleeding hemobilia from the hepatic artery were successfully treated with transarterial embolization with small gelfoam particles with no recurrence of bleeding on follow-up study. The iatragenic hemobilia occurred inadvertently during surgery in two patients, with liver biopsy in one patient and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage procedure in another patient. Transarterial embolization appears safe and may be regarded as a life-saving treatment for bleeding hemobilia.
Subject(s)
Adult , Embolization, Therapeutic , Female , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Hemobilia/etiology , Hemostatics/therapeutic use , Humans , Iatrogenic Disease , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Introducción. La embolización transcateterismo de vasos intratorácicos anormales y de otras malformaciones vasculares (hemangioendotelioma hepático), es un recurso accesible y efectivo para su tratamiento, con un bajo índice de complicaciones. Se describe la experiencia de 11 niños entre 43 días y 14 años de edad manejados con técnicas de oclusión vascular durante el cateterismo. Material y métodos. De junio de 1991 a agosto de 1998, 9 niños con anomalías vasculares sintomáticas que complicaban el manejo de la cardiopatía subyacente y 2 con hemangioendotelioma hepático e insuficiencia cardiaca (IC) grave, fueron sometidos a oclusión de la circulación anormal usando partículas de gelfoam en 1 y espirales metálicas (Coils) en el resto. Resultados. Como parte del manejo del síndrome de cimitarra en 4 casos se logró la oclusión total de la circulación vicariante pulmonar de la aorta descendente. De 2 casos con hemangioendotelioma hepático, en 1 se logró la oclusión completa de las arterias nutricias. En 2 escolares con cardiopatía cianótica y hemoptisis grave recurrente secundaria a fístulas arteriovenosas intratorácicas se intentó la oclusión de los vasos anómalos, lográndolo por completo en 1 con la aplicación de múltiples coils y en forma temprana en el otro aplicando partículas de gelfoam, falleciendo antes de poder repetir el procedimiento. En 2 casos con ventrículo derecho hipoplásico (VDH) se concluyeron conexiones ventrículo-coronarias y en 1 caso con atresia pulmonar e IC por hiperflujo de colaterales aórticas, se embolizaron 2 de ellas logrando su mejoría clínica. Conclusiones. El abordaje transcateterismo es el único recurso viable en el manejo de las fístulas sistémico-pulmonares sintomáticas y de elección para ocluir arterias sistémicas de distribución anormal. Es necesaria mayor experiencia para el manejo de anomalías coronaria en VDH
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Arteriovenous Malformations/therapy , Cardiac Catheterization , Embolization, Therapeutic/instrumentation , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Scimitar Syndrome/therapyABSTRACT
La rinoseptoplastía es un procedimiento quirúrgico realizado comúnmente en la práctica otorrinolaringológica, pero lleva el riesgo de epistaxis masiva por el procedimiento que alcanza hasta un 2-3 por ciento de pacientes. Por otro lado, aproximadamente un 7 por ciento de los aneurismas verdaderos son originados en las ramas vasculares de la arteria carótida externa, son potencialmente capaces de causar un sangrado nasal severo y de difícial control aún sin necesidad de trauma. Se presenta el caso de la ruptura de un aneurisma verdadero de la porción terminal de la arteria esfeno palatina, durante una rinoseptoplastía en un paciente femenino de 21 años de edad. Se analiza el riesgo de existencia de aneurisma de la arteria esfeno palatina en sujetos candidatos a cirugía nasal
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Aneurysm , Angiography , Epistaxis/etiology , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Maxillary Artery , Osteotomy/adverse effects , Rhinoplasty/adverse effects , Sphenoid Bone/blood supplySubject(s)
Adult , Angiography, Digital Subtraction , Catheterization, Peripheral , Cefotaxime/therapeutic use , Cephalosporins/therapeutic use , Child , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Hemostatics/therapeutic use , Hepatic Artery/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Liver Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Male , Radiography, InterventionalABSTRACT
Existen múltiples complicaciones relacionadas a la derivación portosistémica por vía transyugular (TIPS): La lesión de la arteria hepática es una complicación descrita y potencialmente fatal cuyo manejo ha sido mediante embolización selectiva. El objeto de este informe es comunicar la experiencia derivada de un caso reciente, en el cual al estar realizando el TIPS fue canalizada selectivamente al diagnosticar la complicación. El paciente tuvo una evolución satisfactoria sin deterioro de las pruebas de funcionamiento hepático o signos clínicos importantes. El radiólogo intervencionista debe estar pendiente de las complicaciones potenciales relacionadas al procedimiento, evitarlas en lo posible y en caso de presentarse tratarlas de inmediato
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable/therapeutic use , Hepatic Artery/injuries , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical/adverse effects , Embolization, Therapeutic/instrumentation , Embolization, Therapeutic , Hypertension, PortalABSTRACT
Se presenta la experiencia con 72 pacientes con diferentes patologías, en quienes se realizó tratamiento endovascular con embolización selectiva. Se discuten la técnica, diferentes materiales utilizados, resultados y complicaciones. Se concluye que la EE constituye una excelente alternativa terapéutica pre-quirúrgica, paliativa o definitiva, de fácil realización en centros especialmente entrenados