RESUMEN
Phthalocyanine (Pc)-dyed fiber is reported to reduce atopic symptoms in some patients when they use underwear made of the fiber. We investigated the adsorption of allergens on Pc-fiber. Pc-fiber trapped house dust/pollen/food allergens with varied molecular weight and pI. The adsorbed allergens were released in the presence of mild detergent. Pc-fiber did not change the molecular weight or disulfide bonding of the allergens. These observations imply that Pc-fiber is applicable as an "allergen trap" for a wide variety of products.
Asunto(s)
Alérgenos/química , Colorantes/química , Polvo , Indoles/química , Polen/química , AdsorciónRESUMEN
Myrrhanol A, a new triterpene isolated from guggul (Balsamodendron or Commiphora mukul Hook.)-gum resin, displays a potent anti-inflammatory effect on exudative pouch fluid, angiogenesis, and granuloma weights in adjuvant-induced air-pouch granuloma of mice. Its effects were more marked than those of hydrocortisone and the 50% aqueous methanolic extract of the crude drug. Myrrhanol A is a plausible candidate for a potent anti-inflammatory agent.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Exudados y Transudados/efectos de los fármacos , Granuloma/tratamiento farmacológico , Neovascularización Patológica/tratamiento farmacológico , Triterpenos/farmacología , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/química , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Carmín/análisis , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Commiphora , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Adyuvante de Freund , Granuloma/inducido químicamente , Masculino , Ratones , Extractos Vegetales/química , Gomas de Plantas , Terpenos/farmacología , Terpenos/uso terapéutico , Triterpenos/síntesis química , Triterpenos/química , Triterpenos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
We investigated the antihyperglycemic action of a crude saponin fraction and five triterpene glycosides (gymnemic acids I-IV and gymnemasaponin V) derived from the methanol extract of leaves of Gymnema sylvestre R. BR. (Asclepiadaceae) in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic mice. The saponin fraction (60mg/kg) reduced blood glucose levels 2 4h after the intraperitoneal administration. Gymnemic acid IV, not the other 4 glycosides at doses of 3.4-13.4mg/kg reduced the blood glucose levels by 13.5-60.0% 6h after the administration comparable to the potency of glibenclamide, and did not change the blood glucose levels of normal mice. Gymnemic acid IV at 13.4 mg/kg increased plasma insulin levels in STZ-diabetic mice. Gymnemic acid IV (1 mg/mL) did not inhibit alpha-glycosidase activity in the brush border membrane vesicles of normal rat small intestines. These results indicate that insulin-releasing action of gymnemic acid IV may contribute to the antihyperglycemic effect by the leaves of G. sylvestre. Gymnemic acid IV may be an anti-obese and antihyperglycemic pro-drug.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Plantas Medicinales/química , Saponinas , Triterpenos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Glucemia/metabolismo , Inhibidores de Glicósido Hidrolasas , Insulina/sangre , Intestinos/efectos de los fármacos , Intestinos/enzimología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
The antihyperglycaemic interaction (blend effect) of component crude drugs included in a traditional Chinese prescription, Byakko-ka-ninjin-to (BN; consisted of five crude drugs, ginseng, anemarrhena,-licorice, gypsum and rice) was investigated using genetically obese diabetic KK-CA(y) mice and alloxan-diabetic mice. The water extract of ginseng, anemarrhena, licorice and gypsum when individually tested markedly lowered blood glucose levels in diabetic animals. Antihyperglycaemic effects of ginseng-anemarrhena and ginseng-licorice combinations were decreased compared with the respective individual-effects. Such decreased effects were partially reversed by adding gypsum or by substituting CaCl(2) for gypsum. The combination of D-O-ANa and glycyrrhizin, respectively the main constituents from ginseng and licorice, also demonstrated a decreased effect compared with the respective individual effects. The CaCl(2) at 0.5 mg/kg (i.p.) was sufficient to partially reverse these effects. These results indicate that antihyperglycaemic effects of BN depend on four crude drugs and Ca(2+) in the blend.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Medicina Tradicional China , Plantas Medicinales , Saponinas/uso terapéutico , Animales , Sulfato de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Glycyrrhiza/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Mutantes , Panax/uso terapéutico , FitoterapiaRESUMEN
The aqueous MeOH extract of the leaves and root of Xanthocercis zambesiaca (Leguminosae) and eight structurally related nitrogen-containing sugars, fagomine (1), 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylfagomine (2), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylfagomine (3), 3-epifagomine (4), 2,5-dideoxy-2,5-imino-D-mannitol (5), castanospermine (6), alpha-homonojirimycin (7), and 1-deoxynojirimycin (8) were evaluated for antihyperglycemic effects in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic mice. The insulin-releasing effects of 1 were also investigated. The blood glucose level fell after i.p. injection of the extract (50 mg/kg). Compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 reduced the blood glucose level after i.p. injection of 150 mumol/kg. Compound 1 increased plasma insulin level in STZ-diabetic mice and potentiated the 8.3-mM glucose-induced insulin release from the rat isolated-perfused pancreas. The 1-induced potentiation of insulin release may partly contribute to antihyperglycemic action.