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1.
Rev. esp. patol. torac ; 21(3): 154-158, jul.-sept. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-80757

ABSTRACT

Introducción: en el síndrome de apneas-hipopneas del sueño (SAHS) son frecuentes los episodios de hipoxemia-reoxigenación que pueden producir sustancias oxígeno reactivas y estrés oxidativo. Pacientes y método: estudio prospectivo, con muestreo consecutivo, para determinar si la hipoxemia nocturna puede provocar oxidación proteica. Fueron incluidos pacientes con sospecha de SAHS, indicación de una polisomnografía, edad comprendida entre 25 y 49 años, y ausencia de enfermedad sistémica. Se compararon los resultados observados en un grupo clínico (IAH > 10) con los de un grupo control (IAH < 5). Resultados: se excluyeron 3 pacientes por presentar un IAH entre 5 y 10. Fueron incluidos 36 sujetos (edad = 40 ± 6,1 años, 30 hombres y 6 mujeres, IMC = 31 ± 5,9), 23 pertenecientesínas carboniladas fueron de al grupo clínico y 13 al grupo control. En el grupo clínico, los valores de prote 0,14 ± 0,179 nmol/mg y de 0,10 ±0,066 nmol/mg en el grupo control (p = 0,348). No se observó correlación significativa entre las cifras de proteínas carboniladas y el índice de apneas-hipopneas (rho = 0,197; p = 0,249), índice de de saturación >3% (rho = 0,129, p = 0,452) y porcentaje de sueño con SaO2 <90% (rho = 0,058, p = 0,736). Conclusiones: en pacientes con edad media y SAHS moderado, las proteínas carboniladas séricas se observaron más elevadas, aunque sin alcanzar diferencias significativas (AU)


Introduction: episodes of hypoxemia-reoxigenation are frequent insleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) and can produce reactiveoxygen substances and oxidative stress.Patients and methods: prospective study, with consecutive sampling to determine if nocturnal hypoxemia can produce oxidation. Patients with SAHS suspicion, polysomnography indication, age between 25-49 years old and without systemic disease were included. Results obtained in clinical group (IAH > 10) were comparedwith control group (IAH < 5). Resul years old, 30 men and 6 women, BMI = 31 ± 5.9), 23 patients were from clinical group and 13 from control group. In clinical group, carbonylated proteins values were 0.14 ± 0.179 nmol/mg and 0.10 ± 0.066 nmol/mg incontrol group (p = 0.348). There was not significative correlation between carbonyl proteins and apnea-hypopnea index (rho = 0.197, p = 0.249), desaturation index >3% (rho = 0.129, p = 0.452) and sleep time spent with SaO2 <90% (rho = 0.058, p = 0.736). Conclusions: in patientes with mean age and moderate SAHS, protein carbonyls were higher althout not reaching significant differences (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/metabolism , Oxidation-Reduction , Proteins/metabolism , Severity of Illness Index , Case-Control Studies , Prospective Studies
2.
Neumosur (Sevilla) ; 20(4): 185-190, oct.-dic. 2008. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-60753

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Validar la poligrafía domiciliaria en pacientes con comorbilidad vascular y sospecha de un síndrome de apneas hipopneas del sueño (SAHS) y determinar, en aquellos enfermos con cardiopatía isquémica, si el tratamiento con CPAP influye en el control de esta enfermedad. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Fueron incluidos 42 enfermos (29 hombres y 13 mujeres, edad: 53 ± 7,8 años, IMC: 33 ± 5,2). Se les realizó poligrafía domiciliaria y polisomnografía convencional. Dieciséis pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica fueron evaluados tras el tratamiento con CPAP. El diagnóstico de SAHS se estableció ante un índice de apnea-hipopnea (IAH), en la polisomnografía> 5 y se indicó tratamiento con CPAP si el IAH fue > 15. RESULTADOS: Se observa una correlación y concordancia significativa (p < 0,01) entre la polisomnografía y poligrafía, en el IAH (36 ± 19,9 frente a 32 ± 17,4), r = 0,903 y CCI = 0,938, y en el índice de saturación (33 ± 23,5 frente a 35 ± 22,1), r = 0,896 y CCI = 0,948. Respecto a un IAH > 5 en la polisomnografía, la poligrafía obtiene un área bajo la curva ROC = 1 y para un IAH > 15el área bajo la curva ROC fue de 0,945. Tras el tratamiento con CPAP, los enfermos con cardiopatía isquémica acudieron menos frecuentemente al servicio de urgencias. CONCLUSIONES: La poligrafía domiciliaria es válida para el diagnóstico e indicación de tratamiento. En pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica, la CPAP mejora su control, descendiendo el número de consultas al servicio de urgencias (AU)


OOBJETIVES: To validate home poligraphy in patients with vascular comorbidity and suspicion of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and to determine in patients with is chemicheart disease if treatment with CPAP influences in their control. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients were included (29 men and 13 women; Age: 53 ± 7.8 years; BMI: 33 ± 5.2)who were made home sleep study and conventional polysomnography. Sixteen patients with ischemic heart disease were evaluate dafter CPAP treatment. Diagnosis of OSAS was stablished when apnea-hypoapnea index (AHI) was > 5 in polysomnography and treatment with CPAP was indicated when AHI > 15. RESULTS: A significative correlation and concordance (p<0.01)were observed between the polysomnography and polygraphy in the AHI (36 ± 19.9 vs 32 ± 17.4), r = 0.903 and CCI = 0.938, and the desaturation index (33 ± 23.5 vs 35 ± 22.1), r = 0.896 and CCI = 0.948.When AHI >5 in polysomnography, the polygraphy obtained an are aunder the ROC curve = 1 and for IAH >15 the area under the ROC curve was 0.945. After CPAP treatment, patients with ischemic heart disease went less frequently to the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Poligraphy is valid for diagnosis and treatment indication. Patients with ischemic heart disease, CPAP improves their control and reduces visits to the hospital (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosis , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Polysomnography , Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Monitoring, Ambulatory
3.
Neumosur (Sevilla) ; 19(4): 171-178, oct.-dic. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-70697

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Respecto a población sana, se evalúan los trastornos del sueño en enfermos con enfermedad renal crónica estadio 4-5 (ERC 4-5) y hemodiálisis. En estos últimos se estudia la prevalencia del síndrome de apneas-hipopneas del sueño (SAHS) y algún marcador analítico asociado independientemente al SAHS. Pacientes y Método: fueron estudiados 32 pacientes en hemodiálisis(24 hombres y 8 mujeres, edad: 54 ± 16, IMC: 25 ± 3.9), 14enfermos con ERC 4-5 y 14 sujetos sanos. Estos dos últimos grupos, pareados por edad, género e IMC con el grupo en hemodiálisis. Se les realizó una historia clínica y una polisomnografía diagnóstica, estableciéndose el diagnóstico de SAHS ante un índice deapnea-hipopnea (IAH) ? 10.Resultados: Respecto al grupo control sano, los pacientes con ERC 4-5 muestran peor calidad de sueño y un mayor IAH, aunque sin significación estadística, mientras el grupo en hemodiálisis presenta menos cantidad y peor calidad de sueño, un IAH significativamente elevado (4.3 ± 1.44 vs 19.1 ± 18.5, p:0.007) y un mayor número de descensos en la SaO2 (9.9 ± 5.15 vs 26.5 ± 17.81,p:0.011). Un 78% de los enfermos en hemodiálisis presentaban algún trastorno del sueño, destacando el SAHS (48%). La creatinina y el eKt/V se asociaron con el IAH (R2:0.219, p: 0.028).Conclusiones: El SAHS es frecuente en la IRC. Los pacientes en hemodiálisis muestran un elevado IAH y de hipoxia intermitente que deben evitarse en estos pacientes con mortalidad cardiovascular elevada. Únicamente las cifras de creatinina y eKt/ Vexplican parcialmente la variabilidad del IAH


Objetives: To evaluate the quality of the sleep and sleep disorders breathing in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4-5(CKD4-5) and in hemodialysis respect healthy population. In addition, to study in these last ones, the prevalence of the obstructive sleep apnea-hypoapnea syndrome (SAHS) and the existence of some analytical marker associated to SAHS. Patients and methods: There were studied 32 patients with CKD in hemodialysis (24 men and 8 women, age of 54±16, BMI of25±3.9), 14 patients with CKD 4-5 and a group of 14 healthy subjects; these groups were matched for age, gender, and BMI with the hemodialysis group. All of them were studied with a clinical history and a overnight polisomnography. We stablished the diagnostic of SAHS when the apnea-hypoapnea index (AHI) ?10.Results: Patients with CKD 4-5 showed worse quality of sleep and more episodes of AHI respect healthy control group, although without statistic signification. The group in hemodialysis had less quantity and worse quality of sleep than the control group with an AHI significatly higher (4.3 ± 1.44 vs 19.1 ± 18.5, p:0.007) and more decreases of the SaO2 (9.9 ± 5.15 vs 26.5 ± 17.81, p:0.011).78% of the patients in hemodialysis suffered some sleep disorder, emphasizing the SAHS (48%). The serum creatinine and the eKt/ v were independently associated with the AHI (R2: 0.219, p: 0.028).Conclusions: The sleep disorder is a prevalent pathology in the CKD. Patients in hemodialysis show a elevated AHI and of intermittent hypoxia, that must be avoided in these patients with an elevated cardiovascular mortality. Only, the levels of creatinine and the eKt/v explain partially the variability of the AHI


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology , Sleep Wake Disorders/complications , Analysis of Variance , Case-Control Studies , Control Groups , Polysomnography
6.
Neumosur (Sevilla) ; 17(3): 184-189, sept.-dic. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-043075

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: En el síndrome de apnea obstructiva delsueño (SAOS), la poligrafía es una alternativa diagnóstica, aunqueson infrecuentes los estudios realizados en el domicilio del paciente.El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la validez diagnóstica de lapoligrafía domiciliaria respecto a la polisomnografía convencional,en pacientes con moderada y alta sospecha clínica de SAOS, ademásde valorar el grado de satisfacción.PACIENTES Y METODOS: En una muestra seleccionada, serealizó un estudio aleatorio y ciego analizando el grado de satisfaccióndel paciente mediante una escala visual analógica y la utilidadde la poligrafía domiciliaria frente a la polisomnografía estándarcomparando el IAH (índice de apnea-hipopnea) obtenido enambas pruebas.RESULTADOS: Se estudian 33 enfermos (25 hombres y 8mujeres), edad media (± DE) de 53,4 ± 11 años y un índice de masacorporal de 33 ± 5 kg/m2.Para un IAH ≥ 10 obtenido en la polisomnografía, la poligrafíapresenta una sensibilidad del 90,3%, una especificidad del 50%,un valor predictivo positivo del 96,5% y un valor predictivo negativodel 25%, encontrándose un área bajo la curva ROC de 0,863.En un SAOS grave (IAH >30) la poligrafía obtiene una sensibilidaddel 88,2% (72,9-100) y una especificidad del 100% con un áreabajo la curva ROC de 1.El IAH obtenido en la poligrafía comparado con el de la polisomnografía(33,70 ±22,38 y 36,36 ±22,09, respectivamente) muestrauna alta correlación con un valor de r:0,975 (p<0,0001) y unaelevada concordancia con un coeficiente de correlación intraclasede 0,968. La puntuación de la polisomnografía fue de 7,5 y de 9para la poligrafía, al expresar el grado de satisfacción los pacientes(p<0,0001).CONCLUSIONES: En una muestra seleccionada, la poligrafíadomiciliaria muestra una alta correlación y concordancia con lapolisomnografía, siendo una prueba válida para el diagnóstico conun mayor grado de satisfacción para el paciente


BACKGROUND: Polygraphy is an alternative diagnoses techniquein the sleep apnea syndrome (SAS), although is infrequent toperform the studies at patients home. This study aims to comparethe diagnoses validity of home polygraphy with conventional polysomnographyin patients with moderate and high clinical suspicionof SAS, as well as valorating the grade of satisfaction.PATIENTS AND METHODS: On a selected sample, a randomizedblinded study was performed analizing the degree of satisfactionof the patient by an analogic visual scale and the diagnosticvalidity of home polygraphy versus standard polysomnographycomparing the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) obtained from bothtests.RESULTS: Thirty four patients are studied (25 men and 8women), middle age (±SD) of 53,4± 11 years old and a body massindex of 33± 5 kg/m2.For an AHI ≥10 obtained after polysomnography, polygraphyrepresents a sensitivity of 90,3%, especificity of 50%, a positivepredictive value of 96,5% and a negative predictive value of 25%,finding an area under the ROC curve of 0,863. In a severe SAS(AHI≥30) polygraphy obtains a sensitivity of 88,2% (72,9-100) anda especificity of 100% with an area under the ROC curve of 1.AHI obtained after polygraphy compared with polysomnography(33,70±22,38 and 36,36±22,09 respectively) shows a highcorrelation with a value of r:0,975 (p<0,0001) and a high concordancewith a coefficient of correlation intraclass of 0,968. Scoreafter polysomnography was 7,5 and 9 after polygraphy, whenexpressing the patients satisfaction grade (p<0,0001).CONCLUSIONS: On a selected sample, home polygraphyshows a high correlation and concordance with polysomnography,being a valid technique for the diagnoses with a higher patientsatisfaction grade


Subject(s)
Humans , Polysomnography/methods , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/diagnosis , Monitoring, Physiologic/methods , Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data , Polysomnography/instrumentation , Home Nursing
7.
Arch Bronconeumol ; 41(6): 322-7, 2005 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15989889

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe our experience with interventional bronchoscopy in the treatment of central airway stenosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed patient records and bronchoscopic findings. Clinical data, findings from computed tomography, techniques performed, complications, and results were recorded. RESULTS: One-hundred and thirty-six patients (90 males and 46 females) were treated. The mean (SD) age was 57 (7) years (range, 3-81). A total of 320 therapeutic interventions were performed: 145 laser treatments, 33 balloon or mechanical dilatations, 26 electrocauterizations, and 116 stent insertions. Pathogenesis varied: in 64 (47%) patients, the stenosis was caused by a tumor (48 were bronchopulmonary and 16 nonpulmonary); in 72 (53%) patients, stenosis was secondary to a nontumor-related process, of which the most common was prolonged intubation (42% of these cases). Central airway patency was achieved in 92% (59/64) of the tumor-related stenoses and 96% (69/72) of those unrelated to tumors. Improvement in dyspnea was observed in 96% of all patients. Two deaths (due to hemoptysis and to acute myocardial infarction) occurred in the first week, for a 1.4% mortality rate. The most common complications were stent migration (8%; 9/116 cases) and the formation of granulomas (9%; 11/116). CONCLUSIONS: Interventional bronchoscopy is an effective technique to resolve life-threatening obstructions of the central airways. Dyspnea improves immediately and there is no significant morbidity or mortality.


Subject(s)
Airway Obstruction/surgery , Bronchoscopy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Airway Obstruction/diagnosis , Airway Obstruction/drug therapy , Airway Obstruction/therapy , Bronchial Diseases/etiology , Bronchial Neoplasms/complications , Bronchial Neoplasms/surgery , Bronchoscopes , Bronchoscopy/statistics & numerical data , Catheterization/methods , Catheterization/statistics & numerical data , Child , Child, Preschool , Dyspnea/etiology , Dyspnea/surgery , Electrocoagulation/methods , Electrocoagulation/statistics & numerical data , Female , Foreign-Body Migration/etiology , Granuloma/etiology , Hemoptysis/mortality , Humans , Intraoperative Complications/epidemiology , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Laser Therapy/methods , Laser Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Lung Neoplasms/complications , Lung Neoplasms/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Stents , Tracheal Neoplasms/complications , Tracheal Neoplasms/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Vocal Cords/injuries
8.
Arch. bronconeumol. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(6): 322-327, jun. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039659

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir nuestra experiencia en estenosis de la vía aérea principal (VAP) tratadas mediante broncoscopia intervencionista. Pacientes y métodos: Se han revisado las historias clínicas e informes de broncoscopia y se han registrado los datos clínicos, informe de tomografía axial computarizada, técnicas realizadas, complicaciones y resultados. Resultados: Se trató a 136 pacientes (90 varones y 46 mujeres), con una edad media ± desviación estándar de 57 ± 7 años (rango: 3-81), en quienes se realizaron 320 procedimientos terapéuticos, que incluyeron 145 tratamientos con láser, 33 dilataciones con balón o mecánicas, 26 tratamientos mediante electrocauterio y la colocación de 116 prótesis. La etiología de la estenosis fue diversa: hubo 64 (47%) de causa tumoral (48 de origen broncopulmonar y 16 tumores extrapulmonares), mientras que en 72 pacientes (53%) la estenosis fue secundaria a una enfermedad no tumoral; de éstas, la causada por intubación prolongada fue la más frecuente (el 42% de los casos). La permeabilidad de la VAP se logró en el 92%(59/64) de las estenosis de etiología tumoral y en el 96% de las no tumorales (69/72), y se observó mejoría de la disnea en el 96% de todos los pacientes. En la primera semana hubo 2 fallecimientos (por hemoptisis e infarto agudo de miocardio), lo que representa una mortalidad del 1,4%. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron la migración de prótesis en un 8% (9/116) y en un 9% la formación de granulomas (11/116). Conclusiones: La broncoscopia intervencionista es una técnica eficaz para resolver las situaciones de riesgo vital de la VAP, con mejoría inmediata de la disnea y sin morbimortalidad significativa


Objective: To describe our experience with interventional bronchoscopy in the treatment of central airway stenosis. Patients and Methods: We reviewed patient records and bronchoscopic findings. Clinical data, findings from computed tomography, techniques performed, complications, and results were recorded. Results: One-hundred and thirty-six patients (90 males and 46 females) were treated. The mean (SD) age was 57 (7) years (range, 3-81). A total of 320 therapeutic interventions were performed: 145 laser treatments, 33 balloon or mechanical dilatations, 26 electrocauterizations, and 116 stent insertions. Pathogenesis varied: in 64 (47%) patients, the stenosis was caused by a tumor (48 were bronchopulmonary and 16 nonpulmonary); in 72 (53%) patients, stenosis was secondary to a nontumor-related process, of which the most common was prolonged intubation (42% of these cases). Central airway patency was achieved in 92% (59/64) of the tumor-related stenoses and 96% (69/72) of those unrelated to tumors. Improvement in dyspnea was observed in 96% of all patients. Two deaths (due to hemoptysis and to acute myocardial infarction) occurred in the first week, for a 1.4% mortality rate. The most common complications were stent migration (8%; 9/116 cases) and the formation of granulomas (9%; 11/116). Conclusions: Interventional bronchoscopy is an effective technique to resolve life-threatening obstructions of the central airways. Dyspnea improves immediately and there is no significant morbidity or mortality


Subject(s)
Humans , Tracheal Stenosis/etiology , Tracheal Stenosis/therapy , Bronchoscopy , Bronchial Diseases/therapy
12.
An Med Interna ; 12(5): 225-8, 1995 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7669874

ABSTRACT

We revised our own experience in 208 patients with pleural effusion to whom fiberoptic bronchoscopy was made in part of the diagnostic study. In our population the most frequent cause was neoplastic origen, observing that in 97 patients (46%), 60 of them were due to bronchogenic carcinoma. In relation to the presentation symptoms, just when haemoptysis was present bronchoscopy exhibited bigger diagnostic profitability (17 of 29), p < 0.001. There were 106 patients (51%) who had some or several parenchymatic injuries going with the pleural effusion. In this group, in 55 cases, fiberoptic bronchoscopy was useful to the diagnosis; on the contrary when the only radiologic abnormality was pleural effusion, 102 cases, in 96 of them the procedure was not diagnostic, p < 0.001. A close relationship was noticed between diagnostic profitability of bronchoscopy with the existence of pulmonary neoplasm; about the 61 diagnosed patients using bronchoscopy, 53 of them had bronchogenic carcinoma, p < 0.001. We conclude then in our experience bronchoscopy is useful to the diagnosis of pleural effusion if it goes with haemoptysis or parenchymatic lesions in the radioly. Its diagnostic profitability has close relationship with the existence of bronchogenic carcinoma.


Subject(s)
Bronchoscopy , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Female , Fiber Optic Technology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
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