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OBJECTIVE: to investigate the association between cartilage lesion-related features observed in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients' first MRI examination and incident knee surgery within 5 years. Additionally, to assess the predictive value of these features for the incident knee surgery. METHODS: We identified patients diagnosed with knee OA and treated at our institution between January 2015 and January 2018, and retrieved their baseline clinical data and first MRI examination films from the information system. Next, we proceeded to determine joint space narrowing grade, cartilage lesion size grade, cartilage full-thickness loss grade and cartilage lesion sum score for the medial and lateral compartments, respectively. Generalized linear regression models examined the association of these features with 5-year incident knee surgery. Positive and negative predictive values (PPVs and NPVs) were determined referring to 5-year incident knee surgery. RESULTS: Totally, 878 participants (knees) were found eligible to form the study population. Within the 5 years, surgery was performed on 61 knees. None of the cartilage-related features had been found significantly associated with incident surgery. The results were similar for medial and lateral compartments. The PPVs were low for all the features. CONCLUSIONS: Among symptomatic clinically diagnosed OA knees, cartilage lesions observed in the first MRI examinations were not found to be associated with the occurrence of joint surgery within a 5-year period. All these cartilage-related features appear to have no additional value in predicting 5-year incident joint surgery.
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Cartílago Articular , Articulación de la Rodilla , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla , Humanos , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/cirugía , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/diagnóstico por imagen , Osteoartritis de la Rodilla/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cartílago Articular/diagnóstico por imagen , Cartílago Articular/patología , Cartílago Articular/cirugía , Anciano , Articulación de la Rodilla/cirugía , Articulación de la Rodilla/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación de la Rodilla/patología , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Rodilla/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES@#To summarize the clinical characteristics and nutrition therapy for children with lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI).@*METHODS@#The clinical manifestations, laboratory test results and enteral nutrition treatment in a girl with LPI diagnosed in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University were retrospective analyzed. Additionally, the data of the children with LPI reported in China and overseas were reviewed.@*RESULTS@#A case of 4-year-old girl was presented, who exhibited significant gastrointestinal symptoms, such as chronic abdominal distension, prolonged diarrhea, recurrent pneumonia, and limited growth. She had a poor response to anti-infection treatment. After receiving enteral nutrition therapy, she did not experience any gastrointestinal discomfort, and there were improvements in the levels of hemoglobin, albumin, and blood ammonia. Unfortunately, due to serious illness, she declined further treatment and later passed away. A total of 92 cases of pediatric patients with LPI have been reported to date, including one case reported in this study. Most children with LPI experienced disease onset after weaning or introduction of complementary foods, presenting with severe digestive system symptoms, malnutrition, and growth retardation. It is noteworthy that only 50% (46/92) of these cases received nutritional therapy, which effectively improved their nutritional status. Among the 92 children, 8 (9%) died, and long-term follow-up data were lacking in other reports.@*CONCLUSIONS@#LPI often involves the digestive system and may result in growth restriction with a poor prognosis. Nutritional therapy plays a crucial role in the comprehensive treatment of LPI.
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Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Errores Innatos del Metabolismo de los Aminoácidos/terapia , Nutrición Enteral/métodos , Desnutrición , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Tumor is a type of most common diseases in clinical practice. The classical treatments of tumors mainly include surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In recent years, the methods of tumor treatment have been developing continuously, but many advanced tumors still have no particularly effective treatment. New treatments are urgently needed. Sustaining proliferation and resisting cell death are important characteristics of tumor cells. Therefore, the identification of genes involved in the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells will provide potential targets for tumor therapy. Apoptosis-antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), is also called Che-1, the earliest discovered to interact with RNA polymerase Ⅱ and Rb. Moreover, Che-1 restrains the activity of Rb and supports cell growth. It is found that Che-1 also binds to RNA polymerase I, thereby promoting RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription and affecting ribosome synthesis. Under cellular stress, the localization and stability of Che-1 are regulated by post-translational modification. In response to DNA damage, apoptosis stimulation and other stress, Che-1 regulates the occurrence and development of tumors by regulating genes associated with proliferation and apoptosis. In addition, the expression of Che-1 is regulated by a negative feedback mechanism. In this review, we highlight the advances in the roles of Che-1 in tumor development and progression.
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BACKGROUND@#Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss worldwide. However, the mechanisms involved in the development and progression of AMD are poorly delineated. We aimed to explore the critical genes involved in the progression of AMD.@*METHODS@#The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AMD retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)/choroid tissues were identified using the microarray datasets GSE99248 and GSE125564, which were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus database. The overlapping DEGs from the two datasets were screened to identify DEG-related biological pathways using gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. The hub genes were identified from these DEGs through protein-protein interaction network analyses. The expression levels of hub genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction following the induction of senescence in ARPE-19 with FK866. Following the identification of AMD-related key genes, the potential small molecule compounds targeting the key genes were predicted by PharmacoDB. Finally, a microRNA-gene interaction network was constructed.@*RESULTS@#Microarray analyses identified 174 DEGs in the AMD RPE compared to the healthy RPE samples. These DEGs were primarily enriched in the pathways involved in the regulation of DNA replication, cell cycle, and proteasome-mediated protein polyubiquitination. Among the top ten hub genes, HSP90AA1, CHEK1, PSMA4, PSMD4, and PSMD8 were upregulated in the senescent ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, the drugs targeting HSP90AA1, CHEK1, and PSMA4 were identified. We hypothesize that Hsa-miR-16-5p might target four out of the five key DEGs in the AMD RPE.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Based on our findings, HSP90AA1 is likely to be a central gene controlling the DNA replication and proteasome-mediated polyubiquitination during the RPE senescence observed in the progression of AMD. Targeting HSP90AA1, CHEK1, PSMA4, PSMD4, and/or PSMD8 genes through specific miRNAs or small molecules might potentially alleviate the progression of AMD through attenuating RPE senescence.
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Humanos , Replicación del ADN , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Ontología de Genes , Degeneración Macular/genética , Complejo de la Endopetidasa ProteasomalRESUMEN
<b>Objective::To compare the protective effect of different bile (porcine bile, oxgall and sheep bile) and their Arisaema cum Bile on rats with acute lung injury, so as to provide reference for the selection of bile and the classification of decoction pieces of Arisaema cum Bile. <b>Method::Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 8 groups (<italic>n</italic>=12), including blank group, model group, porcine bile group, oxgall group, sheep bile group, Arisaema cum Bile with porcine bile group, Arisaema cum Bile with oxgall group and Arisaema cum Bile with sheep bile group. Rats in each treatment group were given corresponding drug solution by gavage at 2.52 g·kg<sup>-1</sup> every day, and rats in the model group and the blank group were given the same volume of normal saline by gavage every day for a total of 8 days. On the 8<sup>th</sup> day, after 1 h of administration, rats in the model group and each treatment group were intraperitoneally injected lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>) to prepare rat lung injury model. Blood and lung tissues were collected from every four rats at 3, 6, 24 h after LPS injection, respectively. Lung coefficient, lung water content and wet weight/dry weight ratio of lung tissue (<italic>W</italic>/<italic>D</italic>) were measured, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-<italic>α</italic>, interleukin (IL)-6 and thromboxane B<sub>2</sub> (TXB<sub>2</sub>) in serum and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in lung tissue were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The pathological morphology of rat lung tissue was observed and the score of lung tissue injury was calculated. <b>Result::Compared with the model group at the same time point, the lung coefficient, <italic>W</italic>/<italic>D,</italic> lung water content, contents of TNF-<italic>α</italic>, IL-6 and TXB<sub>2</sub> in serum, contents of MDA and MMP-9 in lung tissue of rats in each treatment group were all decreased, and most of them had significant differences (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01), but the activities of GSH-Px and SOD were all increased, and most of them had significant differences (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01). The oxgall group and the sheep bile group were superior to the porcine bile group in most of the indexes, the Arisaema cum Bile with oxgall group and the Arisaema cum Bile with sheep bile group were superior to the Arisaema cum Bile with porcine bile group, and some of them had significant differences(<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01). <b>Conclusion::Each bile group and each Arisaema cum Bile group all have protective effects on rats with acute lung injury induced by LPS, and the therapeutic effect of oxgall and sheep bile is better than that of porcine bile, the therapeutic effect of Arisaema cum Bile prepared by oxgall and sheep bile is better than that of Arisaema cum Bile prepared by porcine bile.
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A boy, aged 66 days, was admitted to the hospital due to subcutaneous nodules for 46 days and abdominal distension for 10 days. The main clinical manifestations were loss of adipose tissue, subcutaneous nodules, insulin-resistant diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and hepatic steatosis. The boy was diagnosed with congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1 (CGL1). His condition was improved after administration of middle-chain fatty acid formula milk and insulin injection or oral metformin. Gene testing revealed a homozygous mutation, c.646A>T, in the AGPAT2 gene, and both his parents were carriers of this mutation. This case of CGL1 has the youngest age of onset ever reported in China and multiple subcutaneous nodules as the initial symptom.
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Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Tejido Adiposo , China , Hígado Graso , Resistencia a la Insulina , Lipodistrofia , Lipodistrofia Generalizada CongénitaRESUMEN
To compare the effect of integration processing technology of origin (IPTO) and traditional cutting processing technology (TCPT) of Moslae Herba for lung-Yang deficiency rats caused by complex factors, analyze the mechanism, and provide the modern pharmacology basis for the implementation of IPTO of Moslae Herba. The rat models of lung-Yang deficiency were established by smoking + swimming in ice water + drinking ice water. The model rats were randomly divided into different groups, and were treated with intragastric administration for 30 d. Then the general signs, anal temperature and autonomic activity of the rats were observed. The pathological morphology of lung tissues was observed, and the positive expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) was observed by immunohistochemical method, and the hematological indexes were determined. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to detect serum nitric oxide (NO), immunoglobulin G (IGG), malondialdehyde (MDA), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) level, and the organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and other organs were calculated. According to the results, Moslae Herba volatile oil and decoction could improve the general signs and autonomic activities of lung-Yang deficiency rats, improve the body weight, rectal temperature, and the content of IGG in serum of lung-Yang deficiency rats, reduce organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney, serum NO, MDA, TXB2, IL-8 contents, white blood cell and TNF-α mean optical density in the lung tissues of rats. witg statistically significant difference (<0.01 or <0.05). The effects of IPTO volatile oil and water decoction were slightly higher. Therefore, Moslae Herba has therapeutic effect on lung-Yang deficiency rats, and ICPT has better effect, whose mechanism may be related to the intervention of TNF-α expression, improving the level of IGG, and inhibiting NO, MDA, IL-8, and TXB2 levels.
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Objective:To explore therapeutic effects of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin on patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)angina pectoris and their influence on blood lipids.Methods:A total of 100 CHD inpatients with sta-ble angina pectoris(SAP)were selected.According to random control table,they were randomly and equally divid-ed into rosuvastatin group and atorvastatin group.Both groups received corresponding lipid-lowering medication based on routine treatment of CHD angina pectoris for four weeks.Clinical and ECG therapeutic effect were ob-served,blood lipid levels were measured before and after treatment,adverse drug reactions were observed and medi-ation cost was recorded in two groups.Results:Compared with atorvastatin group,there were significant rise in clinical and ECG total effective rate[(76% vs.92%),(60% vs.84%)],and significant reduction in mediation cost[(12369.94 ± 231.81)RMB vs.(11784.52 ± 206.97)RMB]in rosuvastatin group,P<0.05 or <0.01. There were no significant difference in blood lipid levels between two groups before and after treatment(P>0.05 all),and all of them were inside normal range.There was no significant difference in incidence rate of adverse drug reactions between two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Compared with atorvastatin,rosuvastatin can more significantly prevent onset of CHD angina pectoris, and it's safe,effective,and hospitalization cost is significantly reduction.
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Hyperbaric oxygen has been widely used in the treatment of many diseases and in some special circumstances such as deepwater diving, and it plays an irreplaceable role. But oxygen toxicity is an important complication, especially in diving medicine. Due to the characteristics of lung itself and the differences in dry/wet environment, the pathological mechanism of pulmonary oxygen toxicity is very complicated. With the advances in the experimental techniques and expansion of the research ideas, the studies on pulmonary oxygen toxicity have no longer limited to the level of tissue morphology and pathological strata, more and more studies that focused on cellular and sub-cellular levels have been carried out. The present review will focus mainly on the clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, pathogenesis and progresses in monitoring and treatment of pulmonary oxygen toxicity over recent years.
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Objective To compare two asal-jejunal tube placement methods in critically ill patients with different acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) grades, so as to discuss the value of AGI grading in selection of asal-jejunal tube placement. Methods A total of 156 patients with acute gastrointestinal injury in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were observed prospectively; they included 30 cases of grade III, 48 cases of grade IV, 50 cases of grade I and 28 cases of grade II according to the AGI grading system. And then the patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group was given bedside ultrasound-guided nasal-jejunal tube placement, and the control group underwent bedside blind nasal jejunal tube placement. The success rate and average time of placement were observed in the two groups with different AGI grades, and then the correlation among AGI grading system, success rate and average time of placement were also analyzed in the two groups. Results The success rate of placement was high in AGI grade I patients of the two groups, and there was no significant difference between the two groups(93.8% vs 92.9%). The success rates for AGI grade II and grade III patients of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). The successful placement rates were lower in AGI grade IV patients of the two groups and there was no significant difference between them. The average time of successful placement in AGI gradesI,II, and III patients of the treatment group were significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05); but there was no significant difference in AGI grade IV patients between the two groups. There was no significant correlation between AGI grade and successful placement rate. There was a positive correlation between AGI grade and the average placement time in the treatment group (P<0.05), but not in the control group. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided nasal-jejunal tube placement is obviously better than the blind method for AGI grade I, II, III patients. The average time of ultrasound-guided nasal-jejunal tube placement is positively correlated with AGI grade, suggesting AGI grading system can help to choose naso-jejunal tube placement method.
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We wished to understand the genetic recombination and phylogenetic characteristics of human en- terovirus A71 (EV-A71) and to explore its potential virulence-related sites. Full-length genomes of three EV-A71 strains isolated from patients in Chenzhou City (China) were sequenced and analyzed. Possible re- combination events and crossover sites were analyzed with Recombination Detection Program v4. 1. 6 by comparison with the complete genome sequences of 231 strains of EV-A71. Similarly, plot and bootscanning analyses were undertaken with SimPlot v3. 5. 1. Phylogenetic trees based on the sequences of VP1 regions were constructed with MEGA v5. 2 using the Kimura two-parameter model and neighbor-joining method. Results suggested that recombination events were detected among the three EV-A71 isolates from Chenzhou City. The common main parent sequence was from JF799986 isolated from samples in Guang- zhou City (China) in 2009, and the minor parent sequence was TW/70516/08. Intertypic recombination e- vents were found in the C4b strain (strain SHZH98 isolated in 1998) and C4a strain (Fuyang strain isola- ted in 2008) with the prototype strains of CVA4 and CVA14 in the 3D region. The chi-square test was used to screen-out potential virulence-related sites with nucleotide substitutions of different types of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) cases using SPSS v19.0. Results suggested that there were no significant nucleotide substitutions between death cases and severe-HFMD cases. Eighteen significant nucleotide substitutions were found between death/severe-HFMD cases and mild-HFMD cases, and all these 18 substitutions were distributed only in P2 and P3 regions. Intertypic recombination among the predominant circulating EV-A71 strains in the Chinese mainland and other EV-A strains probably dates before 1998, and intratypic recombination might have occurred frequently in the HFMD outbreak from 2008 to 2012. Substitutions in the non-capsid region may be correlated with the changes in virulence of EV-A71. These data suggest that researchers should pay more attention to the relationships between substitutions in the noncapsid region and the virulence of the virus.
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Enterovirus Humano A , Genética , Virulencia , Mutación , Filogenia , Recombinación Genética , VirulenciaRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the reliability and validity of musculoskeletal questionnaire.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A self-administered modified musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to investigate 12 098 workers from eight occupations, i.e. coal mining, petroleum, metallurgical, mechanical manufacturing, chemical, garment and railroad transportation industries and education. The Cronbach's α coefficient, analysis of covariance and multiple logistic regression were used to assess the reliability and validity of musculoskeletal questionnaire.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The consistent test between total items of Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and each factor showed that the range of Cronbach's α was 0.52 ∼ 0.92, except from vibration factor, other Cronbach's α was more than 0.7. All 55 items of Musculoskeletal Questionnaire were subjected to factor analysis, and ten latent factors were identified, which explained 55.17% of the total variance. The potentially hazardous working conditions could be categorized into seven dimensions (force, dynamic load, static load, repetitive load, climate factors, vibration exposure and environmental ergonomic factor), which consisted with the theory model. The results of covariance analysis indicated that there were significant difference among 7 dimension indices in different jobs (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The modified Musculoskeletal Questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for measuring musculoskeletal workload.</p>
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Humanos , Análisis Factorial , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas , Salud Laboral , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with the clinicopathological findings.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of MnSOD in colorectal carcinoma, adenoma, and adjacent corresponding intestinal mucosal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The relationship between MnSOD expression level in colorectal adenoma and clinical parameters was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of MnSOD was negative in adjacent corresponding colorectal tissues. The positive expression rate of MnSOD was 44% (11/25) in colorectal adenoma and 76% (19/25) in colorectal carcinoma (P < 0.05 when compared with the colorectal adenoma and its adjacent tissues). The expression of MnSOD was positively correlated with histopathological grades (P < 0.05) but not with other clinicopathological findings (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of MnSOD may be associated with the carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal carcinoma, and therefore may be used as a new biomarker.</p>
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Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Colorrectales , Patología , Superóxido Dismutasa , MetabolismoRESUMEN
Professional assessment in Chinese Higher Education has made great progress in three stages: the sporadic practice, trial and promotion. The authors present several comments on the characteristics and the professional assessment standards of clinical pharmacy in China, and focus on the scientific system of professional assessment.
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The etiology of recurrent miscarriage (RM) is extremely heterogeneous, including genetic, immunologic, anatomic, endocrinological, and infectious anomalies. About 50% of RM is unexplained or poorly understood, which is called idiopathic recurrent miscarriage (IRM). The primary aim of this study was to identify the genetic loci that might be susceptible to IRM. Forty-four Han Chinese patients with IRM during the first trimester of their pregnancies and 44 healthy sex- and ethnic-matched controls were enrolled in this study. A case-control and genome-wide study was performed and 430 polymorphic microsatellite markers were analyzed. Three loci, 6q27 (D6S446, P = .028), 9q33.1 (D9S1776, P = .037), and Xp22.11 (DXS1226, P = .008), significantly associated with IRM were found. This work identified 3 genetic regions that might harbor genes predisposed to IRM and provided new insights for future genetic and etiological study of IRM. Further study is required to confirm it.
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Aborto Habitual/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Estudios de Casos y Controles , China , Etnicidad/genética , Femenino , Sitios Genéticos , Marcadores Genéticos , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , Humanos , Proyectos Piloto , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the biotransformation of podophyllotoxin by the cell suspension culture and root culture systems of Rheum palmatum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Using plant tissue culture technology and HPLC techniques to isolate products. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic means.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Cell suspension culture of R. palmatum could convert podophyllotoxin to produce picropodophyllotoxin with the yield of 73.8%, while root culture of R. palmatum could convert podophyllotoxin to produce epipodophyllotoxin and apopodophyllotoxin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Podophyllotoxin did not affect the pH value of the media used in tissue cultures. Both cell suspension culture and root culture of R. palmatum can convert podophyllotoxin.</p>
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Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Estructura Molecular , Raíces de Plantas , Metabolismo , Podofilotoxina , Química , Metabolismo , Rheum , Metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultivo de Tejidos , MétodosRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the induction of hairy roots and anthraquinone production in Rheum palmatum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Leaf blades, hypocotyls and petioles of R. palmatum were infected by Agrobacterium rhizogenes LBA9402 and A. rhizogenes R1601, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Hairy roots were induced by two strains of A. rhizogenes, and LBA9402 showed stronger infective ability than R1601. Three clones of hairy roots were cultured. DH7a was induced by R1601, DH5a and DH5c were induced by LBA9402. DH7a grew faster than DH5a and DH5c, and all of them grew faster obviously than normal root (NOR). There were significant differences in anthraquinone composition and content among four kinds of roots. Emodin physcion and chrysophanol were predominant anthraquinone in DH5a, DH5c and NOR respectivly. Aloe-emodin content was the lowest in all root cultures compared with other four anthraquinones.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The in vitro culture system of the established hairy roots laid a foundation for mass production of anthraquinone by hairy root culture.</p>
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Antraquinonas , Emodina , Raíces de Plantas , Química , Microbiología , Plantas Medicinales , Química , Microbiología , Rheum , Química , Microbiología , Rhizobium , Fisiología , Técnicas de Cultivo de Tejidos , MétodosRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the induction of hairy roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and effect of some physical as well as chemical factors on the growth of hairy roots.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Hypocotyls and cotyledons of G. uralensis were infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes LBA9402 and A. rhizogenes R1601, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Hairy roots were induced by two strains of A. rhizogenes, and LBA9402 showed astronger infective ability. The frequency of transformation of hypocotyls was higher than that of cotyledons. Among the different media tested, WP medium yielded the fastest growth rate of hairy roots. Light inhibited the growth of hairy roots. The total amout of 5 flavonoids in hairy roots was 1.5 times as much as that in the callus, among them licochalcone content was 15.5 times as that of callus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The in vitro culture system of the hairy roots established laid a foundation for mass production of flavonoids by hairy root culture.</p>
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Chalconas , Metabolismo , Medios de Cultivo , Técnicas de Cultivo , Métodos , Flavonoides , Metabolismo , Glycyrrhiza uralensis , Genética , Microbiología , Luz , Raíces de Plantas , Genética , Metabolismo , Plantas Medicinales , Genética , Microbiología , Plásmidos , Rhizobium , Genética , Fisiología , Transformación GenéticaRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of carbon source and nitrogen source on callus growth, and flavonoid content in Glycyrrhiza uralensis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Induction and culture of callus were conducted in the media of different concentrations of sucrose, and fructose and ratio of NH4+/NO3- ,and flavonoid content was measured by HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The results showed that fructose was superior to sucrose for callus growth and flavonoid formation, and the optimum concentration was 2%. The flavonoids content was 2 times higher than that of sucrose as carbon sources. In the range of 2% -6% of fructose concentration, the flavonoid content was decreased along with the concentration of fructose, but the licochalcone was increased 5-fold. The highest flavonoid content of 151.47 microg x g(-1) was obtained when the ratio of NH4+/NO3- in the medium was 1/2. NH; inhibited the callus growth and flavonoid formation of G. uralensis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fructose as carbon source was superior to sucrose for callus growth and flavonoid formation, and NO3- was favorable to the callus growth and flavonoids accumulation.</p>
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Medios de Cultivo , Farmacología , Disacáridos , Farmacología , Flavonoides , Fructosa , Farmacología , Glycyrrhiza uralensis , Metabolismo , Nitratos , Farmacología , Compuestos de Nitrógeno , Farmacología , Plantas Medicinales , Metabolismo , Compuestos de Amonio Cuaternario , Farmacología , Sacarosa , Farmacología , Técnicas de Cultivo de TejidosRESUMEN
The fermentative H2-producing strain Clostridium sp. H-61 was isolated from anaerobic sludge,was used as an original strain which was induced by NTG and UV for increasing and the hydrogen production ability. One of the highest efficient H2-producing mutants was named as HCM-23 with its stable hydrogen production ability. which was measured in the batch culture experiments. With the condition of 10 g/L glucose,its cumulative hydrogen yield and hydrogen production rate was 3024 mL/L and 33.19 mmol H2/g DW?h,69.89% and 68.14% higher than that of the original strain,respectively. The terminal liquid product compositions showed that the mutant HCM-23 fermentation was ethanol type,while the original strain H-61 fermentation was butyric acid type. Varieties of parameters of hydrogen production fermentation studied,including time,carbon source,nitrogen source,glucose concentration,glucose utilization,initial pH and incubation temperature had been studied,indicated the optimum condition of hydrogen production for the mutantHCM-23 as initial pH 6.5,temperature 36 ℃,and the favorite substrate was sucrose. The hydrogen production characters of the mutant and the original strain were different,such as,the growth lag phase and the utilization of inorganic nitrogen source,etc. This work shows a good application potential of NTG-UV combined mutation in the biohydrogen production. And the hydrogen production mechanism and metabolic pathway should be explored furthermore.