Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 22
Filtrar
2.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 113(1): 17-23, 2020.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32881447

RESUMO

This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of two ACTs widely used for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum in Niger. The study was conducted from September to November 2017, at the Integrated Health Centers of Dogondoutchi and Birni N'Gaouré, in patients aged from 6 months to 15 years, with uncomplicated malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum. They were treated with either Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL) or Artesunate-Amodiaquine (ASAQ). The primary endpoint was the appropriate clinical and parasitological response (RCPA) to D28, after PCR correction. The secondary criteria were the clearing time of fever, parasites, and gametocytes and then the occurrence of adverse events. A total of 459 patients were examined, of whom 312 patients met the inclusion criteria for therapeutic efficacy evaluation. We have followed 299 patients up to J28 including 146 in the AL arm and 153 in the ASAQ arm. After PCR correction at J28, RCPA were 95.8% and 96% (P = 0.7185) for arms AL and ASAQ, respectively, compared to 93.1% and 94.1% respectively before PCR correction (P = 0.7892). The number of patients on AL and ASAQ treatment who developed an adverse reaction were 6 (7.6%) and 23 (28%) respectively. AL and ASAQ associations are effective and well tolerated. No serious adverse event was noted. However, their monitoring must continue to detect possible resistance.


Cette étude vise à évaluer l'efficacité thérapeutique et la tolérance de deux combinaisons thérapeutiques à base d'artémisinine (CTA), largement utilisées pour le traitement du paludisme non compliqué à Plasmodium falciparum au Niger. L'étude a été conduite de septembre à novembre 2017, au niveau des centres de santé intégrée (CSI) de Dogondoutchi et de Birni N'Gaouré, chez des patients âgés de 6 mois à 15 ans, atteints de paludisme non compliqué. Ils ont été traités par l'artéméther-luméfantrine (AL) ou l'artésunate­amodiaquine (ASAQ). Le critère de jugement principal était la réponse clinique et parasitologique adéquate (RCPA) à j28, après correction PCR. Les critères secondaires étaient le temps de clairance de la fièvre, des parasites et des gamétocytes puis la survenue des événements indésirables. Au total, 459 patients ont été examinés : 312 patients répondaient aux critères d'inclusion, 299 patients ont été suivis jusqu'à j28 dont 146 dans le bras AL, 153 dans le bras ASAQ. Les RCPA après correction PCR à j28 étaient de 95,8 et 96 % (p = 0,7185) respectivement pour AL et ASAQ alors qu'elles étaient respectivement de 93,1 et 94,1 % avant correction PCR (p = 0,7892). Le nombre de patients sous traitement AL et ASAQ ayant développé une réaction indésirable sont respectivement de 6, soit 7,6 %, et 23, soit 28 %. Les associations AL et ASAQ sont efficaces et bien tolérées, la première étant mieux tolérée. Aucun événement indésirable grave n'a été noté. Cependant, la surveillance des effets indésirables et de l'efficacité doit se poursuivre.Cette étude vise à évaluer l'efficacité thérapeutique et la tolérance de deux combinaisons thérapeutiques à base d'artémisinine (CTA), largement utilisées pour le traitement du paludisme non compliqué à Plasmodium falciparum au Niger. L'étude a été conduite de septembre à novembre 2017, au niveau des centres de santé intégrée (CSI) de Dogondoutchi et de Birni N'Gaouré, chez des patients âgés de 6 mois à 15 ans, atteints de paludisme non compliqué. Ils ont été traités par l'artéméther-luméfantrine (AL) ou l'artésunate­amodiaquine (ASAQ). Le critère de jugement principal était la réponse clinique et parasitologique adéquate (RCPA) à j28, après correction PCR. Les critères secondaires étaient le temps de clairance de la fièvre, des parasites et des gamétocytes puis la survenue des événements indésirables. Au total, 459 patients ont été examinés : 312 patients répondaient aux critères d'inclusion, 299 patients ont été suivis jusqu'à j28 dont 146 dans le bras AL, 153 dans le bras ASAQ. Les RCPA après correction PCR à j28 étaient de 95,8 et 96 % (p = 0,7185) respectivement pour AL et ASAQ alors qu'elles étaient respectivement de 93,1 et 94,1 % avant correction PCR (p = 0,7892). Le nombre de patients sous traitement AL et ASAQ ayant développé une réaction indésirable sont respectivement de 6, soit 7,6 %, et 23, soit 28 %. Les associations AL et ASAQ sont efficaces et bien tolérées, la première étant mieux tolérée. Aucun événement indésirable grave n'a été noté. Cependant, la surveillance des effets indésirables et de l'efficacité doit se poursuivre.


Assuntos
Amodiaquina/uso terapêutico , Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Combinação Arteméter e Lumefantrina/uso terapêutico , Artemisininas/uso terapêutico , Malária Falciparum/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Amodiaquina/efeitos adversos , Antimaláricos/efeitos adversos , Combinação Arteméter e Lumefantrina/efeitos adversos , Artemisininas/efeitos adversos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Níger , Resultado do Tratamento
3.
Annales des sciences de la santé ; 1(2): 114-120, 2018. tab
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259350

RESUMO

Introduction : La pancytopénie est définie comme étant une baisse associée des lignées érythrocytaire, granulocytaire et plaquettaire. L'origine est centrale ou périphérique. Cliniquement elle est caractérisée par une pâleur, de la fièvre et un syndrome hémorragique. C'est la première étude spécifique consacrée à ce sujet. Matériels et Méthodes: Il s'agit d'une étude portant sur 285 dossiers de patients sur 14 années. La pancytopénie était définie en présence des critères suivants : un taux d'Hb < 11 g/dl ; un taux de globules blancs (GB) < 4000/mmᶾ avec un taux de PNN < 1500 /mmᶾ ; un taux de plaquettes < 150 000/mmᶾ.Les paramètres étudiés avaient porté sur l'âge, le sexe, les signes cliniques (Pâleur, asthénie, fièvre, syndrome hémorragique), les résultats des examens paracliniques : hémogramme, myélogramme, biopsie ostéo-médullaire, goutte épaisse, sérologie VIH, hémocultures et échographie. Les critères de non inclusion étaient les cas de bicytopénie et les pancytopénie chimio-induite. Résultats : La fréquence des pancytopénies était de 20,5 cas/an; le sex-ratio: 0,8. La population était très jeune avec 70% de moins de 45 ans. Les principales manifestations cliniques étaient: la pâleur (271 cas : 95,1%), asthénie (253 cas: 88,8%), le syndrome tumoral (143 cas: 50,1%), la fièvre (133 cas: 46,7%), le syndrome hémorragique (48 cas: 17%). Les étiologies étaient dominées par les carences vitaminiques (87 cas : 30,5%), l'hypersplénisme (67 cas : 23,5%), les infections (45 cas : 15,8%), les hémopathies malignes (19 cas : 6,7%). Conclusion: Les étiologies des pancytopénies sont dominées par les carences vitaminiques et l'hypersplénisme. L'enquête étiologique doit être essentiellement axée sur ces 2 causes après avoir éliminé un syndrome infectieux et une leucémie aigüe qui sont souvent des urgences


Assuntos
Hiperesplenismo , Níger , Pancitopenia/etiologia , Pacientes
4.
Health sci. dis ; 19(2): 93-96, 2018. ilus
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1262804

RESUMO

Introduction. Le but de l'étude est de décrire les caractéristiques épidémiologiques et cliniques de la leucémie lymphoïde chronique (LLC) au Niger. C'est la première étude nigérienne spécifiquement consacrée à cette maladie. Méthodologie. Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective couvrant la période de janvier 2000 à décembre 2011 (12 ans) dans le service d'Onco-Hématologie de l'HNN. Le diagnostic de LLC était retenu sur la base d'une hyper lymphocytose sanguine > 15 000/mmᶾ associée à une infiltration médullaire de plus de 40% de lymphocytes mâtures. Les données ont été recueillies dans les dossiers de malades. Nos variables d'étude étaient les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et évolutifs de la maladie. Résultats. Au cours de la période d'étude, 99 patients ont été colligés soit une fréquence d'environ huit cas par an. Le sex ratio était de 0,47 et la moyenne d'âge des patients de 53,25 ans (extrêmes: 30 à 82 ans). L'échantillon était constitué de 89 % de paysans (cultivateurs, éleveurs femmes au foyer). La durée moyenne des troubles avant la première consultation était de 24 mois. Les principaux motifs de consultation étaient: la splénomégalie (81,8%), les adénopathies (38,4%) et l'anémie (21,2%). Les principaux signes physiques étaient: les adénopathies (84,8%); la splénomégalie (80,8%); la pâleur cutanéo-muqueuse (31,3%); la fièvre (29,3%) et l'hépatomégalie (25,3%). Selon la classification anatomo-clinique de Binet, 39 patients (39,4%) étaient au stade A, 16 cas (16,2%) au stade B et 44(44,4%) au stade C. Conclusion. À Niamey, la LLC est une maladie de l'adulte jeune diagnostiquée souvent à un stade avancé du fait du retard de la première consultation


Assuntos
Relatos de Casos , Leucemia Linfoide , Leucemia Prolinfocítica de Células T/diagnóstico , Leucemia Prolinfocítica de Células T/epidemiologia , Níger
5.
Rev Med Interne ; 38(1): 53-55, 2017 Jan.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27017328

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Geophagy or soil eating is mostly described in pregnant women from Sub-Saharan Africa, South America. Here, we report 12 cases of geophagy associated with severe anemia in non-pregnant Nigerian women. RESULTS/CASE REPORTS: The median age at diagnosis was 34.5 years. The socioeconomic level was average for all patients. The median hemoglobin level at admission was 6.9g/dL (3.3-8.6), median corpuscular volume was 78.3fL (63-106) and median serum ferritin was 9.2ng/mL (3.6-11.2). The reasons of this practice were "desire" (5/12) and tradition (4/12). All patients received psychotherapy and supplementation with intravenous iron. CONCLUSION: Geophagy is an underestimated practice in developed countries and in non-pregnant women. It can be the cause of severe iron deficiency and must be discussed in patients with anemia, including non-pregnant patients, and in Africa as well as in migration areas, where the practice can be exported.


Assuntos
Anemia/complicações , Pica/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Anemia/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Pica/epidemiologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto Jovem
6.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 109(5): 368-375, 2016 Dec.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27848101

RESUMO

In Niger, the tuberculosis (TB) screening among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV) is nonsystematic and the use of additional tests is very often limited. The objective of this research is to evaluate the performance and the cost-effectiveness of various paraclinical testing strategies of TB among adult patients with HIV, using available tests in routine for patients cared in Niamey. This is a multicentric prospective intervention study performed in Niamey between 2010 and 2013. TB screening has been sought in newly diagnosed PLHIV, before ART treatment, performing consistently: a sputum examination by MZN (Ziehl-Nielsen staining) and microscopy fluorescence (MIF), chest radiography (CR), and abdominal ultrasound. The performance of these different tests was calculated using sputum culture as a gold standard. The various examinations were then combined in different algorithms. The cost-effectiveness of different algorithms was assessed by calculating the money needed to prevent a patient, put on ART, dying of TB. Between November 2010 and November 2012, 509 PLHIV were included. TB was diagnosed in 78 patients (15.3%), including 35 pulmonary forms, 24 ganglion, and 19 multifocal. The sensitivity of the evaluated algorithms varied between 0.35 and 0.85. The specificity ranged from 0.85 to 0.97. The most costeffective algorithm was the one involving MIF and CR. We recommend implementing a systematic and free direct examination of sputum by MIF and a CR for the detection of TB among newly diagnosed PLHIV in Niger.


Assuntos
Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/diagnóstico , Algoritmos , Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Tuberculose/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/economia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Análise Custo-Benefício , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/economia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , HIV-1 , Humanos , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento/economia , Microscopia de Fluorescência/economia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Níger/epidemiologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Radiografia Torácica/economia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Tuberculose/economia , Tuberculose/epidemiologia , Ultrassonografia/economia , Adulto Jovem
7.
Mali Med ; 29(2): 33-37, 2014.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30049125

RESUMO

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes damage of upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron. Our objective was to describe the incidence and demographic characteristics of ALS and to analyze its diagnosis and management in Togo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective and descriptive study of patient's observations was conducted in the department of neurology of the teaching hospital in Lomé during a 10 years period (2000 to 2009). The diagnosis of ALS was made according to the clinical classification of El Escorial. RESULTS: 5 cases of ALS were diagnosed, representing 0.049% of the hospitalizations in the department of neurology. The average age of patients was 49 years [range: 24 - 67 years] and the average evolution of the disease was 17.6 months [range: 6 - 36 months]. All the patients were men. The treatment was symptomatic in every case. Treatment with Riluzole was not delivered. During the follow-up, one patient died from respiratory complications. CONCLUSION: The El Escorial criteria should be made more accessible for a larger audience, as the availability and classification of care management relies heavily on diagnosed cases, namely early diagnosis.


La sclérose latérale amyotrophique (SLA) est une maladie dégénérative du motoneurone qui atteint les deux neurones de la voie motrice volontaire et qui est cliniquement définie. BUT: Avoir des données préliminaires au Togo concernant la SLA. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive sur les observations de patients en service de neurologie du CHU campus de Lomé sur une durée de 2000 à 2009. Sont inclus, les patients répondant aux critères de SLA certaine selon les critères d'El Escorial. RÉSULTATS: Cinq (5) cas de SLA ont été diagnostiqués, représentant 0,049% des hospitalisations du service. L'âge moyen était de 49 ans [24; 67 ans] avec une durée moyenne d'évolution de 17,6 mois [6; 36 mois]. Tous les patients étaient de sexe masculin. Le traitement a été symptomatique dans tous les cas. Le traitement au Riluzole n'a pas pu être institué. Un patient était décédé plus tard de complications respiratoires. CONCLUSION: Les critères d'El Escorial doivent être vulgarisés, car la disponibilité et la codification de la prise en charge dépendent du nombre des cas diagnostiqués et surtout de la précocité du diagnostic.

8.
Mali Med ; 27(2): 44-46, 2012.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30049080

RESUMO

Sulfuric acid is easy to obtain and leads to severe caustic burn. Caustic burns are increasingly common in homicides and suicide. We reported a case of sulfuric acid burn due to a family criminal act. Immediate skin washout was performed and avoided many complications like eyes lesion or their destruction. The skin lesion evolved in different stages of caustic burns: necrosis, tissue mortification then retractile and keloid scar. The treatment duration was 32 months.


L'acide sulfurique est facile à se procurer, et entraine de brûlure grave. Il est utilisé dans les actes criminels et d'autolyse. Nous rapportons le cas d'un patient victime d'un acte criminel pour des raisons familiales. Le lavage immédiat à grande eau a permis d'éviter certaines complications pouvant survenir notamment l'atteinte des yeux, ou leur destruction. Les lésions cutanées ont évolué par les différentes étapes d'une brûlure caustique: La nécrose, la mortification tissulaire et la cicatrisation de la peau laissant place à des lésions chéloïdiennes rétractiles. La prise en charge de ces lésions chéloïdiennes a duré 32 mois.

9.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 105(1): 68-75, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22057928

RESUMO

In industrialized countries, the emergence of potentially pandemic influenza virus has invited reactions consistent with the potential threat represented by these infectious agents. However, with globalization, controlling epidemics depends as much on an effective global coordination of control methods as on preparedness of northern and southern national health care systems, at the core of which are health care workers. Our study was conducted in the National Hospital of Niamey, the main Nigerian hospital. Its objective was to evaluate the knowledge of health care professionals regarding flu pandemic and control of infection. We interviewed 178 nursing staff, doctors and paramedics on the basis of a survey. This study - the first to our knowledge to explore these issues in the African context-revealed that caregivers have a rather good mastery of theoretical knowledge. Nevertheless, beyond theoretical knowledge, miscellaneous factors compromise the effectiveness of the health care structure. Some of them seem to occupy a critical position, particularly the absence of shared references among sanitary authorities and health care professionals, and the weaknesses of global coordination of preventive activities and case management.


Assuntos
Defesa Civil/educação , Defesa Civil/organização & administração , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1 , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Corpo Clínico/educação , Adulto , Defesa Civil/métodos , Defesa Civil/estatística & dados numéricos , Atenção à Saúde/organização & administração , Feminino , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Humanos , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/fisiologia , Influenza Humana/terapia , Masculino , Corpo Clínico/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Níger/epidemiologia , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde/organização & administração , Adulto Jovem
10.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 104(5): 357-60, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21809217

RESUMO

This study was aimed at assessing envenomations caused by snakebite in Niamey National Hospital, between July 2005 and September 2006. We included 53 victims of snakebites. The wounded distribution indicated more wounded males than females (sex ratio = 1.78:1). The mean age was 29 ± 17 years. September to November seemed a period of higher risk. The snake was not identified in 60% of the cases. The bite occurred during March in 43% of the cases. Clinically, 6% of the patients showed no signs of envenomation and 7% presented bleeding disorders; 88% of the patients did not receive anti-venom. The lethality rate was 15%.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Mordeduras de Serpentes/epidemiologia , Mordeduras de Serpentes/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hospitais/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Níger/epidemiologia , Admissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevalência , Adulto Jovem
12.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 101(1): 47-9, 2008 Feb.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18432008

RESUMO

Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine first arose in Africa 25 years ago. Nowadays most of African malaria control programmes have switched their first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria cases towards artemisinin derivatives combination. After WHO guidelines, a survey network for malaria treatment resistance has been set up in the Niger valley around Niamey since December 2004. The association of the Niger national malaria control programme with the CERMES research center allowed collecting of samples from both health centers and hospitals of this region. Blood finger-pricks on filter papers were tested for detection of plasmodial antigen in health center without biological diagnosis capacity. Specimens found positive either in hospital laboratory or by using antigen method were tested by PCR/RFLP to detect K76T mutations on the pfcrt gene and S108N mutation on the pfdhfr gene. This simple procedure allows the screening of a large number of specimens. Moreover, a spatial distribution of mutations and evidence of resistance clusters were searched integrating the data in a geographic information system. The 76T mutation of pfcrt and 108N of pfdhfr were respectively found in 50.8% and 57% of the specimens tested. No statistically significant difference was found according to the level of sanitary formations or the age of the patients. No resistance cluster was identified and the prevalence of mutation seems homogeneous in the zone. By completing the clinical efficacy studies we think that our simple method for collecting and testing blood samples associated with clinical efficacy studies may be useful for building a network of malaria drug resistance in Africa.


Assuntos
Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Cloroquina/uso terapêutico , Resistência a Medicamentos , Plasmodium falciparum/classificação , Pirimetamina/uso terapêutico , Animais , Antígenos de Protozoários/sangue , Asparagina/genética , Biomarcadores/sangue , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis , Resistência a Medicamentos/genética , Humanos , Lisina/genética , Proteínas de Membrana Transportadoras/genética , Mutação/genética , Níger , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Plasmodium falciparum/genética , Proteínas de Protozoários/genética , Serina/genética , Tetra-Hidrofolato Desidrogenase/genética , Treonina/genética
13.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1264109

RESUMO

Nous avons réalisé un test thérapeutique in vivo à la chloroquine, couplé à une étude in vitro de chimiosensibilité et à une étude des gènes de mutation associés à la résistance aux antipaludiques en Septembre et Octobre 2001 à Niamey au Niger. Au total, 244 enfants ont été inclus. Une réponse clinique adéquate du traitement par chloroquine a été observée chez 78,3% des enfants de 1-15 ans,78,9% des enfants de 1-5 ans, 77,9% des enfants de 6-10 ans et 78% des enfants de 11-15 ans. L'échec thérapeutique a été constaté dans 13,1% des cas dont 9,4% d'échec thérapeutique précoce et 3,7% d'échec thérapeutique tardif. Au vu de ces résultats, le Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme a décidé de maintenir la chloroquine comme traitement de première intention du paludisme simple à P. falciparum à Niamey. Concernant les tests in vitro, sur les 244 souches, 26 seulement ont pu être cultivées, par défaut du transporteur. Sur ces 26 souches, 15 étaient sensibles à la chloroquine par les tests in vitro isotopiques. Concernant la sensibilité aux autres antipaludiques, 4 étaient résistantes la pyriméthamine, 5 au cycloguanil, 3 à l'atovaquone. Les tests moléculaires ont été effectués sur les souches qui avaient pu être isolées en cultures. Nous présentons ainsi les résultats de la prévalence des mutations des gènes pfcrt, dhfr et dhps et discutons ces résultats par rapport à ceux des tests classiques


Assuntos
Antimaláricos , Cloroquina/farmacologia , Níger , Plasmodium falciparum , Falha de Tratamento
14.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1264111

RESUMO

C'est une etude prospective realisee dans le service de chirurgie de l'Hopital National de Niamey sur 49 patients porteurs de goitre cliniquement euthyroidien ayant beneficie d'une thyroidectomie partielle. Elle a eu comme but d'analyser les modifications biologiques a J5 et J30 apres une thyroidectomie partielle. Les modifications recherchees concernaient la T3; la TSH; la calcemie; la phosphoremie et la cholesterolemie. Dans la serie; il y a une predominance feminine avec 47 femmes pour 2 hommes. Le goitre multinodulaire predomine dans 43des cas. Les techniques operatoires utilisees ont ete la thyroidectomie dans 84des cas. Les suites operatoires ont ete simples chez 88de nos patients. Les complications sont survenues dans 12des cas et la plus frequente a ete l'hematome compressif dans 6;12des cas et l'atteinte recurrentielle dans 4;08des cas. Une variation significative du taux de T3 a type de diminution a ete retrouvee en postoperatoire. La frequence des sujets en hypocalcemie passe de 7 a 37a J30 avec un pic a 47a J5. L'analyse des variations du phosphore et du cholesterol sanguin montre des variations d'interpretation difficile a cause du nombre peu eleve dans le dosage de reference. Les resultats de l'etude amenent a recommander le dosage systematique des hormones thyroidiennes avant l'intervention; un dosage de la TSH a J5 et un dosage de la calcemie a J30


Assuntos
Bócio , Fatores Imunológicos , Níger , Hormônio Paratireóideo , Tireoidectomia
15.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1264115

RESUMO

But: Cette etude fait le bilan de 5 annees de pratique de myelogramme en service d'Hematologie de l'Hopital National de Niamey en Republique du Niger. Materiels et methodes: Il s'agit d'une etude prospective et retrospective realisee a partir des dossiers de malades ayant beneficie de myelogrammes. Les variables analysees etaient l'age; le sexe des patients; la frequence et les indications des myelogrammes ainsi que les pathologies diagnostiquees. Resultats: Un total de 266 myelogrammes ont ete recenses soit une moyenne de 53;2 par an. L'etude a porte sur 224 cas; 42 dossiers n'ayant pas ete retenu. Les sujets de sexe masculin representaient 57;58. La tranche d'age de 25 a 35 ans predominait avec 24;10et la moyenne d'age est de 37;99 annees. Les principaux symptomes cliniques observes etaient la splenomegalie (17;41); la paleur cutaneomuqueuse (13;83) et les tumeurs (13;33). Les principales indications du myelogramme etaient les perturbations de l'hemogramme 188 cas (83;93). Les cytopenies interessant une ou plusieurs lignees cellulaires predominaient: 130 cas soit 58;03dont: pancytopenies 52 cas (23;21); bicytopenies 23 cas (10;27); anemies macrocytaires 46 cas (20;5'); thrombopenies 9 cas (4). Les hyperleucocytoses representaient 31 cas soit 13;83. Les indications non liees a une perturbation de l'hemogramme representaient 36 cas soit 16; 03. Les principaux diagnostics retenus etaient: les anemies megaloblastiques 55 cas (24;55); les cytopenies par hypersplenisme 47 cas (20;98); la leucemie lymphoide chronique 24 cas (10;71); la leucemie myeloide chronique 12 cas (5;35); les aplasies medullaires 11 cas (4;9); le purpura thrombopenique idiopathique 11 cas (4;9); les leucemies aigues 11 cas (4;9); le myelome multiple 7 cas (3;12) les metastases medullaires 6 cas (2;7)


Assuntos
Exame de Medula Óssea , Níger , Sinais e Sintomas
16.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 100(3): 193-6, 2007 Aug.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17824314

RESUMO

No data has been published, so far about the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis among children in Niger; a landlocked country of West Africa where malnutrition and diarrhoea are two major public health issues. The aim of the present study was to get a first evaluation of the prevalence of Cryptosporidium sp in the stools of hospitalized children in the National Hospital of Niamey (NHN) where we carried out a prospective descriptive study involving all children younger than 5 years of age in the paediatric department between February 21st and May 22nd, 2004. Direct stool examination and Ritchie technique were systematically performed, and evidence of Cryptosporidium oocysts was looked for by means of a smear from the sediment which was stained by the modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique. The weight/age ratio was calculated and analyzed with the Epi-Info software, based on the reference population defined by the US National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Malnutrition was defined as a weight/age ratio more than 2 SD below the NCHS's reference population. Malnutrition was considered moderate between -2 and -3 SD and severe below 3 SD. In the 3 months study 220 children were included (sex ratio = 1.18 and mean age = 20 months) showing that 65% of the children were suffering from malnutrition (moderate = 17.3%, severe = 47%). Diarrhoea was reported in 51.8% of the children. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 12/220 children (5.5% of the studied population) and 7/114 (6. 1%) of those children were suffering from diarrhoea. 10 (83%) out of the 12 infected children were malnourished. This was the first study ever conducted in the paediatric department of the Niamey hospital, and it showed evidence of a 5.5% prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in the overall studied population, versus 6.1% among children with diarrhoea. 5 children without diarrhoea and 2 children under 6 months were also infected. Another study based on a larger number of patients would be necessary to address the impact of rainfall distribution on the incidence of the disease.


Assuntos
Criptosporidiose/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Comorbidade , Diarreia Infantil/epidemiologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Hospitais Pediátricos/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Pacientes Internados/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Níger/epidemiologia , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos
17.
Mali Med ; 22(3): 38-42, 2007.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19434992

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The authors reported the results of surgical procedure of lower limbs varicose (LLV) by stripping and crossectomy of saphenous vein at the National hospital of Niamey. METHODS: It is a prospective study during 5 years and half from January 2001 to June 2006. It concerned the all the patients with LLV who underwent a stripping-crossectomy of the great saphenous vein (GVS) and short saphenous vein (SSV) and elastic stocking. The anaes's clinical classification is used. RESULTS: The series included 27 patients (31 limbs): 20 males and 7 females (Ratio: 2.8). The average age was 32.4 years (ranged: 21 to 58 years). The mean duration of symptoms was 4.2 years (ranged: 3 to 12 years). According the ANAES's classification we found 63% of patients in stage B, and 37% in stage C. We performed 35 stripping crossectomy (28 for GSV and 7 for SSV) with avulsions accessory veins in 6 cases (14%), incompetent perforator ligature in 2 cases (4.6%) and complementary sclerotherapy in 19 cases (61.3%). The postoperative complications including haematomas (9.7%), wound infections (6.5%) and paraesthesia of saphenous nerve (6.5%) were subsequently resolved with treatment. The mean duration of hospitalization was 11 days (ranged: 4 to 18 days). After a mean follow-up period of 3 years (ranged: 6 months to 6 years) the recurrent varices rate was 6.5% (2 cases) due to leg perforators in 1 case/2 and 4 cases (9.7%) of residual ankle oedema. CONCLUSION: The LLV concerned young people. The results were good and recurrent rate is low after stripping and crossectomy for varicose stage B and C according ANAES's classification. The surgical procedure needed minute clinical and paraclinical assessment.


Assuntos
Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Veia Safena/cirurgia , Varizes/cirurgia , Adulto , Feminino , Hospitais de Distrito , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Níger , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
19.
QJM ; 98(10): 737-43, 2005 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16126742

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Data about anti-malarial drugs prescription practices in Europe and the safety of imported malaria treatments are scanty. In 1999, a French consensus development conference published guidelines for the prevention and treatment of imported P. falciparum malaria. The impact of these guidelines has not been evaluated. AIM: To investigate the impact of these guidelines on the prescription of anti-malarials, and to evaluate the incidence of acute drug events (ADEs) leading to discontinuation of treatment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. METHODS: Members of the medical staff in 14 French infectious and tropical disease wards completed a standardized form for each patient treated for imported malaria in 2001. A propensity score matching technique was used to estimate the risk of ADEs leading to discontinuation of the regimen. RESULTS: In the 474 patients studied, quinine was the first-line anti-malarial most often prescribed. Only 3% of patients received halofantrine. Mefloquine was associated with a RR of 4.9 (95%CI 3.2-7.4, p < 0.00001) risk of discontinuation of treatment due to ADEs. DISCUSSION: The very limited use of halofantrine indicates that the main practice recommendations of the guidelines have been taken into account. Mefloquine was associated with a substantial risk of discontinuing the treatment because of ADEs. This is a serious limitation for the use of mefloquine in the treatment of out-patients with imported malaria.


Assuntos
Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Emigração e Imigração , Malária Falciparum/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Antimaláricos/efeitos adversos , Estudos Transversais , França/epidemiologia , Fidelidade a Diretrizes , Humanos , Malária Falciparum/epidemiologia , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Padrões de Prática Médica , Resultado do Tratamento
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...