Screening for congenital hearing impairment with brainstem evoked response audiometry in isolated orofacial cleft.

Brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) is the most established and recommended objective audiometric method for the clinical diagnosis of hearing impairment in high-risk infants. It is unclear whether infants with orofacial clefts meet the criteria for the high-risk group. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the need for diagnostic BERA in infants with cleft palate with or without cleft lip by assessing the predisposition to and diagnosis of congenital hearing impairment. Data from 122 patients treated at a single cleft centre were evaluated. BERA was conducted at the time of palate repair at 4-6 months of age. Clinical follow-up was analysed up to 4 years. The presence of a syndrome was examined as a risk factor for congenital hearing impairment. Among the 122 patients, four had congenital sensorineural or mixed hearing loss requiring hearing aids. All affected patients had syndromes in addition to the cleft. Most patients with elevated hearing thresholds had transient conductive hearing loss. Most suspected sensorineural hearing loss initially diagnosed was refuted. However, a higher incidence of sensorineural hearing loss was found in patients with syndromic clefts, supporting the diagnostic use of BERA with initial surgery only in patients with syndromic clefts.

Macrophage secretion of miR-106b-5p causes renin-dependent hypertension.

Myeloid cells are known mediators of hypertension, but their role in initiating renin-induced hypertension has not been studied. Vitamin D deficiency causes pro-inflammatory macrophage infiltration in metabolic tissues and is linked to renin-mediated hypertension. We tested the hypothesis that impaired vitamin D signaling in macrophages causes hypertension using conditional knockout of the myeloid vitamin D receptor in mice (KODMAC). These mice develop renin-dependent hypertension due to macrophage infiltration of the vasculature and direct activation of renal juxtaglomerular (JG) cell renin production. Induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress in knockout macrophages increases miR-106b-5p secretion, which stimulates JG cell renin production via repression of transcription factors E2f1 and Pde3b. Moreover, in wild-type recipient mice of KODMAC/miR106b-/- bone marrow, knockout of miR-106b-5p prevents the hypertension and JG cell renin production induced by KODMAC macrophages, suggesting myeloid-specific, miR-106b-5p-dependent effects. These findings confirm macrophage miR-106b-5p secretion from impaired vitamin D receptor signaling causes inflammation-induced hypertension.

Diagnósticos Enfermeros prevalentes en pacientes mayores con úlceras por presión: estudio transversal / Prevalent nursing diagnoses in elderly with pressure ulcers: cross-sectional study / Diagnósticos Enfermeiros prevalentes em pacientes idosos com úlceras por pressão: estudo transversal

Resumen Objetivo Determinar la prevalencia de los diagnósticos enfermeros en pacientes adultos mayores hospitalizados con úlceras por presión e identificar los diagnósticos enfermeros reales, potenciales, de salud y síndrome por patrón funcional de salud. Material y métodos Estudio Transversal, descriptivo conformado por una muestra de pacientes adultos mayores hospitalizados en diferentes servicios de un Hospital de Acapulco, Guerrero, México. Para su evaluación, se diseñó un instrumento de acuerdo con los patrones funcionales de Marjory Gordon. Se utilizó la plataforma de mejores prácticas de enfermería E-cuidados® para el análisis. Resultados El presente estudio identificó 36 diagnósticos relevantes, de los cuales 23 (63.9 %) fueron diagnósticos centrados en el problema, 10 (27.8 %) diagnósticos de riesgo y 3 (8.3 %) de promoción a la salud. Los patrones funcionales más afectados son; Actividad-Ejercicio, Nutricional-Metabólico y Valores-Creencias. Conclusiones El presente estudio ayuda a enfatizar la importancia de adoptar estrategias preventivas y de atención integral, así como la mejora de la planificación de la atención para evitar el deterioro de las condiciones en los pacientes adultos mayores.

Abstract Objective To determine the prevalence of diverse nursing diagnostics in hospitalized older patients with pressure ulcers, identifying the real, potential, and health-related ones, as well as syndrome by health functional pattern. Methods and material This is a transversal and descriptive study with a sample of older patients in different services in a hospital of Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico. An assessment instrument was designed following the Functional Patterns of Marjory Gordon. The E-cuidados® best nursing practices platform was used for the analysis. Results 36 relevant diagnostics were identified: 23 (63.9 %) were problem-centered; 10 (27.8 %) were risk related; and 3 (8.3 %) were health promoting. The most affected functional patterns were: Activity-Exercise; Nutrition-Metabolism; and Values-Beliefs. Conclusions This study supports the need to highlight the importance of adopting preventive and integral attention strategies, as well as improving the attention planning process in order to avoid the deterioration of health conditions of older patients.

Resumo Objetivo Determinar a prevalência dos diagnósticos enfermeiros em pacientes idosos hospitalizados com úlceras por pressão e identificar os diagnósticos enfermeiros reais, potenciais, de saúde e síndrome por padrão funcional de saúde. Material e métodos Estudo Transversal, descritivo conformado por uma amostra de pacientes idosos hospitalizados em diferentes serviços de um Hospital de Acapulco, Guerrero, México. Para sua avaliação, desenhou-se um instrumento conforme com os padrões funcionais de Marjory Gordon. Utilizou-se a plataforma de melhores práticas de enfermagem E-cuidados® para a análise. Resultados O presente estudo identificou 36 diagnósticos relevantes, dos quais 23 (63.9 %) foram diagnósticos centrados no problema, 10 (27.8 %) diagnósticos de risco e 3 (8.3 %) de promoção à saúde. Os padrões funcionais mais afetados são; Atividade-Exercício, Nutricional-Metabólico e Valores-Crenças. Conclusões O presente estudo ajuda a enfatizar a importância de adotar estratégias preventivas e de atenção integral, assim como a melhora da planificação da atenção para evitar a deterioração das condições nos pacientes idosos.

Validation of a novel integral disease index for evaluating the grade of activity in Mexican patients with ulcerative colitis: A prospective cohort study. / Validación de un nuevo índice integral de enfermedad para evaluar el grado de actividad en pacientes mexicanos con colitis ulcerosa: un estudio de cohorte prospectivo.

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation affecting the colon. To objectively and integrally measure disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis and thus optimize pharmacologic treatment, a novel integral disease index was created that includes the clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, and histologic characteristics necessary for achieving that task. The aim of the present study was to validate the novel integral disease index in patients with ulcerative colitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort study on a total of 222 patients with histologic confirmations of ulcerative colitis diagnosis was conducted. The variables included in the disease index were: number of bowel movements per day; values for hemoglobin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and serum albumin; and endoscopic and histologic findings measured through the subscales of the Mayo and Riley scores, respectively. The data analysis was performed utilizing the STATA SE 11.1 statistics program. RESULTS: The correlation of the novel disease index was very good (r=0.817, p <.001 with the Truelove and Witts criteria and r=0.957, p <.0001 with the Mayo score, respectively). Good internal consistency was found with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.78 and an acceptable mean inter-item correlation (r=0.47, p <.05). The total efficacy of the novel index was 87.2% correctly classified patients, with an AUC according to the three scenarios described of 0.93, 0.92, and 0.96, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The novel integral disease index (Yamamoto-Furusho Index) provides an integral view of disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis and is useful for optimizing pharmacologic treatment.

Desarrollo de criterios de uso adecuado para la artroscopia de cadera en pacientes con choque femoroacetabular / Development of appropriateness criteria for hip arthroscopy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement

Introducción: El uso de la artroscopia de cadera como tratamiento del choque femoroacetabular (CFA) ha aumentado exponencialmente en los últimos años sin que exista evidencia robusta o consenso sobre los pacientes que se benefician de ella. Objetivo: Elaborar criterios explícitos para la indicación adecuada de la artroscopia de cadera en CFA. Método: Se realizó un panel de expertos con 11 traumatólogos siguiendo el método RAND/UCLA para identificar los criterios de uso adecuado de la artroscopia de cadera en pacientes con CFA. El panel realizó evaluaciones independientes de cada indicación usando una escala de adecuación de nueve puntos, posteriormente se reunió presencialmente para votar usando un proceso iterativo de discusión. Se estudió la influencia de las variables en la puntuación final, utilizando modelos de regresión logística multinomial. Se utilizó el análisis Classification and Regression Tree (CART) para resumir los resultados en forma de árboles de decisión. Resultados: De los 192 escenarios evaluados en la reunión presencial, el 23,4% fue considerado adecuado (acuerdo del 40%), el 26,6% dudoso y el 50% inadecuado (acuerdo del 75%). Las variables más influyentes para considerar adecuado el uso de la artroscopia fueron: clínica articular compatible con test de choque, duración de los síntomas, funcionalidad, edad y escala Hip Outcome Score (HOS). Conclusiones: Hemos desarrollado un conjunto explícito de criterios de uso adecuado de la artroscopia de cadera en CFA mediante el método RAND/UCLA, proporcionando una herramienta que permitiría identificar pacientes potencialmente candidatos a tratamiento quirúrgico mediante cirugía artroscópica de cadera

Introduction: The use of hip arthroscopy as a treatment for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has increased exponentially in recent years without robust evidence or consensus about the patients who benefit from it. Objective: To develop explicit criteria for the appropriate indication of hip arthroscopy in FAI. Method: A panel of experts was formed with 11 traumatologists following the RAND/UCLA method to identify the appropriateness criteria for hip arthroscopy in patients with FAI. The panel made independent evaluations of each indication using a nine-point adequacy scale, then met face-to-face to vote using an iterative discussion process. The influence of the variables on the final score was studied using multinomial logistic regression models. The Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was used to summarize the results in the form of decision trees. Results: Twenty-three point four percent of the 192 scenarios evaluated in the face-to-face meeting was considered appropriate (40% agreement), 26.6% uncertain and 50% inappropriate (75% agreement). The most influential variables in considering the use of arthroscopy appropriate were: joint symptoms compatible with shock test, duration of symptoms, functionality, age and Hip Outcome Score (HOS) scale. Conclusions: We developed an explicit set of criteria for the appropriate use of hip arthroscopy in FAI using the RAND/UCLA method, providing a tool that would identify patients who are potential candidates for surgical treatment using arthroscopic hip surgery

Development of appropriateness criteria for hip arthroscopy in patients with femoroacetabular impingement. / Desarrollo de criterios de uso adecuado para la artroscopia de cadera en pacientes con choque femoroacetabular.

INTRODUCTION: The use of hip arthroscopy as a treatment for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has increased exponentially in recent years without robust evidence or consensus about the patients who benefit from it. OBJECTIVE: To develop explicit criteria for the appropriate indication of hip arthroscopy in FAI. METHOD: A panel of experts was formed with 11 traumatologists following the RAND/UCLA method to identify the appropriateness criteria for hip arthroscopy in patients with FAI. The panel made independent evaluations of each indication using a nine-point adequacy scale, then met face-to-face to vote using an iterative discussion process. The influence of the variables on the final score was studied using multinomial logistic regression models. The Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was used to summarize the results in the form of decision trees. RESULTS: Twenty-three point four percent of the 192 scenarios evaluated in the face-to-face meeting was considered appropriate (40% agreement), 26.6% uncertain and 50% inappropriate (75% agreement). The most influential variables in considering the use of arthroscopy appropriate were: joint symptoms compatible with shock test, duration of symptoms, functionality, age and Hip Outcome Score (HOS) scale. CONCLUSIONS: We developed an explicit set of criteria for the appropriate use of hip arthroscopy in FAI using the RAND/UCLA method, providing a tool that would identify patients who are potential candidates for surgical treatment using arthroscopic hip surgery.

El epitelio seminal en biopsia prostática puede semejar lesiones prostáticas malignas y premalignas / Seminal epithelium in prostate biopsy can mimic malignant and premalignant prostatic lesions

Objetivos: En la mayoría de las biopsias prostáticas el epitelio seminal se reconoce fácilmente, ya que muestra criterios histológicos característicos. Sin embargo, algunas biopsias pueden semejar lesiones prostáticas malignas o premalignas. Los propósitos de este estudio son analizar el aspecto histológico de las biopsias que simularon adenocarcinomas o lesiones prostáticas preneoplásicas; comentar su diagnóstico diferencial y conocer la frecuencia de epitelio seminal en biopsias prostáticas. Métodos: Revisamos 500 biopsias prostáticas consecutivas por punción obtenidas por el método de sextantes, y seleccionamos aquellos casos en los que observamos epitelio seminal de vesículas seminales o conductos eyaculatorios. En las biopsias en las que el epitelio seminal semejó lesiones malignas o premalignas se emplearon estudios inmunohistoquímicos que incluyeron antígeno prostático específico y MUC6. Se anotaron los datos clínicos de mayor importancia. Resultados: Treinta y seis (7,2%) biopsias mostraron epitelio seminal y 7 de ellas (1,4%) semejaron diversas lesiones prostáticas, incluyendo neoplasia intraepitelial prostática de alto grado, proliferaciones acinares atípicas, adenocarcinomas con patrón papilar y carcinoma poco diferenciado. El epitelio seminal semejó lesiones prostáticas cuando el depósito de lipofuscina, las vacuolas perinucleares o las pseudoinclusiones nucleares fueron poco aparentes o estuvieron ausentes. Cinco de las 7 biopsias mostraron atipia celular leve o moderada con núcleos pequeños e hipercromáticos y solos 2 pleomorfismo celular. Los pacientes se encontraban vivos y asintomáticos después de 6 años de evolución en promedio. Conclusiones: El epitelio seminal semeja neoplasia intraepitelial prostática, proliferaciones acinares atípicas y diversos tipos de adenocarcinomas prostáticos en aproximadamente el 1,4% de las biopsias prostáticas

Objectives: In most prostate biopsies, the seminal epithelium is easily recognised because it meets characteristic histological criteria. However, some biopsies can mimic malignant or premalignant prostatic lesions. The aims of this study were to analyse the histological appearance of the biopsies that mimic adenocarcinomas or preneoplastic prostatic lesions, discuss the differential diagnosis and determine the frequency of seminal epithelia in prostate biopsies. Methods: We consecutively reviewed 500 prostate puncture biopsies obtained using the sextant method and selected those cases in which we observed seminal vesicle or ejaculatory duct epithelium. In the biopsies in which the seminal epithelium resembled malignant or premalignant lesions, immunohistochemical studies were conducted that included prostate-specific antigen and MUC6. The most important clinical data were recorded. Results: Thirty-six (7.2%) biopsies showed seminal epithelium, and 7 of them (1.4%) resembled various prostate lesions, including high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, atypical acinar proliferations, adenocarcinomas with papillary patterns and poorly differentiated carcinoma. The seminal epithelium resembled prostate lesions when the lipofuscin deposit, the perinuclear vacuoles or the nuclear pseudoinclusions were inconspicuous or missing. Five of the 7 biopsies showed mild to moderate cellular atypia with small and hyperchromatic nuclei, and only 2 showed cellular pleomorphism. The patients were alive and asymptomatic after an average of 6 years of progression. Conclusions: The seminal epithelium resembles prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, atypical acinar proliferations and various types of prostatic adenocarcinomas in approximately 1.4% of prostate biopsies

Seminal epithelium in prostate biopsy can mimic malignant and premalignant prostatic lesions.

OBJECTIVES: In most prostate biopsies, the seminal epithelium is easily recognised because it meets characteristic histological criteria. However, some biopsies can mimic malignant or premalignant prostatic lesions. The aims of this study were to analyse the histological appearance of the biopsies that mimic adenocarcinomas or preneoplastic prostatic lesions, discuss the differential diagnosis and determine the frequency of seminal epithelia in prostate biopsies. METHODS: We consecutively reviewed 500 prostate puncture biopsies obtained using the sextant method and selected those cases in which we observed seminal vesicle or ejaculatory duct epithelium. In the biopsies in which the seminal epithelium resembled malignant or premalignant lesions, immunohistochemical studies were conducted that included prostate-specific antigen and MUC6. The most important clinical data were recorded. RESULTS: Thirty-six (7.2%) biopsies showed seminal epithelium, and 7 of them (1.4%) resembled various prostate lesions, including high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, atypical acinar proliferations, adenocarcinomas with papillary patterns and poorly differentiated carcinoma. The seminal epithelium resembled prostate lesions when the lipofuscin deposit, the perinuclear vacuoles or the nuclear pseudoinclusions were inconspicuous or missing. Five of the 7 biopsies showed mild to moderate cellular atypia with small and hyperchromatic nuclei, and only 2 showed cellular pleomorphism. The patients were alive and asymptomatic after an average of 6 years of progression. CONCLUSIONS: The seminal epithelium resembles prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, atypical acinar proliferations and various types of prostatic adenocarcinomas in approximately 1.4% of prostate biopsies.

Artroplastia total invertida de hombro. Evaluación de resultados clínicos y complicaciones tras una serie de 52 casos / Total reverse shoulder replacement. Evaluation of the clinical results and complications in a series of 52 cases

Objetivo. Evaluar los resultados clínicos y analizar las complicaciones de las prótesis totales invertidas de hombro realizadas en nuestro centro en un periodo de 8 años. Material y método. Se ha realizado un estudio retrospectivo sobre 50 pacientes (52 hombros), con edad promedio de 70,15 años en un rango de 51 a 84 años entre diciembre del 2004 y diciembre del 2012, a los que se les ha implantado una prótesis total invertida de hombro, todos intervenidos por el mismo cirujano. Se han evaluado los resultados según la clínica, el estudio radiográfico, la encuesta de satisfacción y la escala de Constant con un seguimiento mínimo de 16 meses. Cinco de los casos (9,62%) se han intervenido por fracturas de la extremidad proximal de húmero, 6 casos (11,53%) como consecuencia de cirugías de revisión protésica, 10 casos (19,23%) por secuelas de fracturas y 31 casos (59,62%) corresponden a pacientes con artropatía por rotura masiva del manguito rotador. Resultados. Tras un seguimiento medio de 35,78 meses (rango 16-82), en los que se han obtenido resultados clínicos satisfactorios en más del 80% de los casos con un Constant preoperatorio promedio de 22,7 puntos y alcanzando los 67,1 puntos a los 12 meses de la intervención. En la escala visual analógica se han obtenido 8,25 puntos en el preoperatorio hasta disminuir a los 2,25 puntos transcurridos 12 meses. La tasa de complicaciones es del 15,38%. Estas corresponden a: fractura intraoperatoria (1,92%), fractura de acromion (1,92%), infección profunda (3,84%), inestabilidad (3,84%) y aflojamiento mecánico precoz (3,84%). En el análisis del estudio radiográfico, se observa notching escapular en 9 casos (17,3%). Discusión y conclusiones. Tras los resultados obtenidos, podemos decir que la prótesis total invertida de hombro consigue resultados alentadores a corto plazo para el tratamiento de la artrosis glenohumeral y los desgarros masivos del manguito rotador. Al analizar nuestras series, comprobamos cómo la tasa de complicaciones es mucho más elevada cuando se usa para tratar secuelas de fracturas en las que tenemos una pérdida del stock óseo del húmero proximal (AU)

Objective. To evaluate the clinical results and analyse the complications of total reverse shoulder replacement performed in our centre over an 8 year period. Material and method. A retrospective study was conducted on 50 patients (52 shoulders), with a mean age of 70.15 years (range 51 to 84 years) between December 2004 and December 2012, who received a total reverse shoulder replacement, all performed by the same surgeon. The results have been evaluated according to clinical data, radiography study, a satisfaction scale, and the Constant scale, with a minimum follow-up of 16 months. Five of the cases (9.62%) had been intervened due to fractures of the proximal end of the humerus, 6 cases (11.53%) as surgical consequence of a prosthesis revision, 10 cases (19.23%) due to fracture sequelae, and 30 cases (59.62%) were patients with arthropathy due to a massive fracture of the rotator cuff. Results. After a mean follow up of 35.78 months (range, 16-82), satisfactory clinical results were obtained in 80% of cases, with a mean preoperative Constant of 27.7 points, and reaching 67.1 points 12 months after the operation. On the visual analogue scale, 8.25 points were obtained before the surgery, which decreased to 2.25 points 12 months later. The complications rate was 15.38%, which were due to an intra-operative fracture (1.92%), deep infection (3.84%), instability (3.84%), and early mechanical loosening (3.84%). Scapular notching was observed in the radiographic study in 9 (17.3%) cases. Discussion and conclusions. After the results obtained, it could be said that total reverse shoulder replacement achieved encouraging results in the short term for the treatment of glenohumeral arthrosis and massive tears of the rotary cuff. On analysing our series, it can be seen that the complications rate is much higher when it is used to treat fracture sequelae in which there is a loss of proximal humerus bone stock (AU)

Manejo de heridas complejas en fractura de cadera con terapia de presión negativa / Complex wound management after hip fracture with vacuum assisted therapy

Introducción: La Terapia con Presión Negativa (TPN) se considera un método avanzado para el manejo de las heridas, ya que promueve la curación de éstas mediante la aplicación de presión negativa, de manera que el uso de niveles controlados de presión subatmosférica y succión, acelera la resolución de las heridas favoreciendo la vascularización y el desbridamiento. Material y Métodos: Presentamos el caso de una fractura extracapsular de fémur en una paciente con obesidad mórbida, en el que con el uso de la TPN se consiguió un excelente resultado clínico. Resultados Tras 4 meses de uso continuado de TPN, se consiguió la curación completa de la herida con la resolución del caso. Conclusiones: Según la evidencia científica, el tratamiento con terapia de presión negativa, constituye un avance importante en el cuidado de las heridas, tiene un importante impacto en salud, y contribuye a reducir en gran medida las posibles complicaciones

Introduction: Negative pressure therapy is considered an advanced method for handling wounds because it promotes healing by applying negative pressure, so that the use of controlled levels of subatmospheric pressure and suction accelerates resolution of wounds by promoting vascularization and debridement. Material and methods: We present the case of extracapsular hip fracture in a patient with morbid obesity, in which case, with the use of negative pressure therapy, it was achieved an excellent clinical outcome. Results After four months of continuous use of negative pressure therapy, complete wound healing was achieved with the resolution of the case. Conclusions: According to scientific evidence, treatment with negative pressure therapy is a relevant progress in wound care, it has an important impact on health and helps to greatly reduce potential complications

[Total reverse shoulder replacement. Evaluation of the clinical results and complications in a series of 52 cases]. / Artroplastia total invertida de hombro. Evaluación de resultados clínicos y complicaciones tras una serie de 52 casos.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical results and analyse the complications of total reverse shoulder replacement performed in our centre over an 8 year period. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted on 50 patients (52 shoulders), with a mean age of 70.15 years (range 51 to 84 years) between December 2004 and December 2012, who received a total reverse shoulder replacement, all performed by the same surgeon. The results have been evaluated according to clinical data, radiography study, a satisfaction scale, and the Constant scale, with a minimum follow-up of 16 months. Five of the cases (9.62%) had been intervened due to fractures of the proximal end of the humerus, 6 cases (11.53%) as surgical consequence of a prosthesis revision, 10 cases (19.23%) due to fracture sequelae, and 30 cases (59.62%) were patients with arthropathy due to a massive fracture of the rotator cuff. RESULTS: After a mean follow up of 35.78 months (range, 16-82), satisfactory clinical results were obtained in 80% of cases, with a mean preoperative Constant of 27.7 points, and reaching 67.1 points 12 months after the operation. On the visual analogue scale, 8.25 points were obtained before the surgery, which decreased to 2.25 points 12 months later. The complications rate was 15.38%, which were due to an intra-operative fracture (1.92%), deep infection (3.84%), instability (3.84%), and early mechanical loosening (3.84%). Scapular notching was observed in the radiographic study in 9 (17.3%) cases. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: After the results obtained, it could be said that total reverse shoulder replacement achieved encouraging results in the short term for the treatment of glenohumeral arthrosis and massive tears of the rotary cuff. On analysing our series, it can be seen that the complications rate is much higher when it is used to treat fracture sequelae in which there is a loss of proximal humerus bone stock.

Programa de atención integral a pacientes mayores de 65 años con fractura de cadera / Comprehensive care program for elderly patients over 65 years with hip fracture

Objetivos. Presentamos los resultados en salud de un programa de asistencia multidisciplinar a pacientes con fractura de cadera mayores de 65 años. Pacientes y métodos. Hemos desarrollado un modelo de coordinación asistencial para la atención integral del paciente con fractura de cadera, estableciendo qué, quién, cuándo, cómo y dónde intervienen traumatólogos, internistas, médicos de familia de urgencias, intensivistas, fisioterapeutas, anestesistas, enfermeros y trabajadores sociales. Se evaluaron retrospectivamente todos los pacientes mayores de 65 años que ingresaron con diagnóstico de fractura de cadera (años 2006 a 2010). Resultados. Se incluyen 1.000 episodios de fractura de cadera ocurridos en 956 pacientes. La edad media fue de 82 años y la estancia media de 6,7 días, reduciéndose 1,14 días en los 5 años del programa. Antes de las 72h se intervinieron el 85,1%, y el 91,2% a lo largo del programa. La incidencia de infección quirúrgica fue del 1,5% y la mortalidad intrahospitalaria del 4,5% (24,2% a los 12 meses). Al cabo de un año reingresaron el 14,9%, y el 40% de los enfermos consiguieron ser independientes para las actividades básicas de su vida diaria. Conclusiones. Este programa de atención multidisciplinar al paciente con fractura de cadera se asoció a resultados beneficiosos en salud, con un elevado porcentaje de pacientes intervenidos precozmente (más del 90%), una reducida estancia media (menos de 7 días), incidencia de infecciones quirúrgicas, reingresos y mortalidad intrahospitalaria y al año de seguimiento, así como una adecuada recuperación funcional (AU)

Objectives. To report the health outcomes of a multidisciplinary care program for patients over 65 years with hip fracture. Patients and methods. We have developed a care coordination model for the comprehensive care of hip fracture patients. It establishes what, who, when, how and where orthopedists, internists, family physicians, emergency, intensive care, physiotherapists, anesthetists, nurses and workers social intervene. All elderly patients over 65 years admitted with the diagnosis of hip fracture (years 2006 to 2010) were retrospectively evaluated. Results. One thousand episodes of hip fracture, corresponding to 956 patients, were included. Mean age was 82 years and mean stay 6.7 days. This was reduced by 1.14 days during the 5 years of the program. A total of 85.1% were operated on before 72 yours, and 91.2% during the program. Incidence of surgical site infection was 1.5%. In-hospital mortality was 4.5%, (24.2% at 12 months). Readmissions at one years was 14.9%. Independence for basic activity of daily living was achieved by 40% of the patients. Conclusions. This multidisciplinary care program for hip fracture patients is associated with positive health outcomes, with a high percentage of patients treated early (more than 90%), reduced mean stay (less than 7 days), incidence of surgical site infections, readmissions and inpatient mortality and at one year, as well as adequate functional recovery (AU)

Comprehensive care program for elderly patients over 65 years with hip fracture.

OBJECTIVES: To report the health outcomes of a multidisciplinary care program for patients over 65 years with hip fracture. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have developed a care coordination model for the comprehensive care of hip fracture patients. It establishes what, who, when, how and where orthopedists, internists, family physicians, emergency, intensive care, physiotherapists, anesthetists, nurses and workers social intervene. All elderly patients over 65 years admitted with the diagnosis of hip fracture (years 2006 to 2010) were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: One thousand episodes of hip fracture, corresponding to 956 patients, were included. Mean age was 82 years and mean stay 6.7 days. This was reduced by 1.14 days during the 5 years of the program. A total of 85.1% were operated on before 72 yours, and 91.2% during the program. Incidence of surgical site infection was 1.5%. In-hospital mortality was 4.5%, (24.2% at 12 months). Readmissions at one years was 14.9%. Independence for basic activity of daily living was achieved by 40% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: This multidisciplinary care program for hip fracture patients is associated with positive health outcomes, with a high percentage of patients treated early (more than 90%), reduced mean stay (less than 7 days), incidence of surgical site infections, readmissions and inpatient mortality and at one year, as well as adequate functional recovery.

KCNH1 potassium channels are expressed in cervical cytologies from pregnant patients and are regulated by progesterone.

Potassium voltage-gated channel, subfamily H (eag-related), member 1 (KCNH1) potassium channels are potential tumour markers and cancer therapeutic targets and are up-regulated by oestrogens and human papilloma virus (HPV) oncogenes. However, the role of KCNH1 in normal tissues is poorly understood, and its expression in pregnancy is unknown. We wondered whether KCNH1 channels are expressed in cervical cells from pregnant patients and whether progesterone (P4) regulates KCNH1. The association with HPV was also investigated. KCNH1 protein expression was studied by immunocytochemistry in liquid-based cervical cytologies; 93 samples were obtained from pregnant patients at different trimesters, and 15 samples were obtained from non-pregnant women (controls). The presence of HPV was studied by PCR with direct sequencing and nested multiplex PCR. HeLa cervical cancer cells were transfected with human progesterone receptor-B (PR-B) and treated with P4. KCNH1 mRNA expression in these cultures was studied by real-time PCR. KCNH1 protein was detected in 100% of the pregnancy samples and in 26% of the controls. We found 18 pregnant patients infected with HPV and detected 14 types of HPV. There was no association between the percentage of cells expressing KCNH1 and either the presence or type of HPV. P4 induced KCNH1 mRNA and protein expression in cells transfected with human PR-B. No regulation of KCNH1 by P4 was observed in non-transfected cells. We show for the first time the expression of an ion channel during human pregnancy at different trimesters and KCNH1 regulation by P4 in human cells. These data raise a new research field for KCNH1 channels in human tissues.

Programa psicoeducativo a familiares de usuarios diagnosticados de esquizofrenia / No disponible

No disponible

Cementos selladores en endodoncia / Endodontic sealer cements

Los objetivos principales de un tratamiento endodóntico exitoso son la limpieza y conformación adecuadas del conducto radicular y la obturación total del espacio preparado con un material inerte, dimensionalmente estable y biológicamente compatible. Una gran variedad de materiales para rellenar el sistema de conductos han sido utilizados a través de los años. Actualmente, los métodos empleados con mayor frecuencia en la obturación de los conductos radiculares se basan en el uso de conos semisólidos de gutapercha como material base. Sin embargo, este material no sella el conducto por sí solo; por ello, un cemento sellador es necesario para cubrir la dentina y para rellenar las irregularidades y discrepancias entre el material de obturación y las paredes del conducto logrando así el sellado. El cemento sellador debe poseer ciertas características que son determinantes para asegurar el éxito del tratamiento endodóntico. Debido a que el sellador estará en contacto directo con los tejidos periapicales por un tiempo prolongado, su biocompatibilidad es de gran importancia. La toxicidad de un sellador puede retardar la cicatrización de los tejidos periapicales o causar una reacción tisular inflamatoria. Actualmente, existen varios tipos de selladores endodónticos con diferentes composiciones disponibles en el mercado. El propósito de este trabajo de revisión bibliográfica es describir los diferentes tipos de cementos selladores en endodoncia tales como: cementos a base de óxido de zinc-eugenol, a base hidróxido de calcio, a base de resinas, a base de ionómero de vidrio y a base de siliconas, para tenerlo en cuenta a la hora de seleccionar el cemento más adecuado en una determinada situación clínica, La elección de uno u otro dependerá de la adaptación a nuestro objetivo, considerando sus ventajas e inconvenientes.

[Intelukin-10 expression with immunorreglatory function in the mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis]. / Expresión de la interleucina (IL-10) con función inmunorreguladora en mucosa de pacientes con colitis ulcerosa crónica idiopática.

BACKGROUND: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important immunoregulatory cytokine that acts on antigen presenting cells by the inhibiting both the synthesis of cytokines, co-stimulatory and HLA class II molecules. OBJECTIVE: To study the gene and protein expression of IL-10 in the mucosa from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: We studied 40 patients with UC and 18 controls without endoscopic evidence of intestinal inflammation. From rectal biopsies was determined the gene expression of IL- 10 by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The detection of the protein in tissue was performed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: patients with UC in remission had significantly higher expression of il-10 gene in mucosa compared to the group of patients with active UC (p = 0.01) and the control group (p = 0.05). All patients with active UC had pancolitis, while patients in remission from distal inflammation, 16 had extra-intestinal manifestations and 23 had mild to moderate inflammation with less than one relapse within a year. Patients with UC in remission had significantly higher expression of IL-10 gene in mucosa compared with the group of patients with active UC (p = 0.01) or the control group (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The expression of IL-10 gene is increased in colonic mucosa from patients with UC in remission, confirming that it is an immunoregulatory cytokine that promotes remission in patients with UC.

Prevención de la accidentalidad infantil en Andalucía: aprender a crecer con seguridad / Prevention of childhood accidents in andalusia: To learn to grow up safely

Introducción: La accidentalidad infantil se ha convertido en un ámbito de especial interés para la investigación social y sanitaria ya que se sitúa como una de las primeras causas de muerte en las sociedades desarrolladas. Partiendo de la idea de que los accidentes infantiles se convierten en un riesgo conatural al crecimiento y al aprendizaje de la vida, la prevención ha de ser una de las líneas principales en los programas sobre accidentalidad en promoción de la salud. Métodos: Este artículo presenta los resultados de una encuesta sobre accidentalidad infantil realizada sobre 421 estudiantes de 5° y 6° curso de Educación Primaria de centros públicos de Jaén y que participaron en el programa «Aprende a crecer con seguridad» realizado por la Consejería de Empleo de la Junta de Andalucía. Resultados: A medida que aumenta la edad de los chicos, los accidentes ocurren en mayor medida que en las chicas y es en la calle donde principalmente se producen, mientras que en las chicas el escenario más frecuente de accidentalidad es el hogar. Además, el colegio se presenta como el entorno más seguro. Conclusiones: La accidentalidad infantil observada presenta bastantes similitudes con la de la accidentalidad laboral (caídas, cortes y golpes), justificando la importancia de insistir en que la adquisición de conductas preventivas en edades tempranas pueden derivar en buenos hábitos comportamentales que supongan en la edad adulta una disminución de los riesgos y por lo tanto de la accidentalidad laboral (AU)

Introduction: Childhood accidents have become an area of special interest for social and health research as it is one of the main causes of death in children in developed societies. Starting from the idea that child injuries are an inherent risk of growing up and life learning, prevention has to be one of the main lines in programmes on injury in health promotion. Methods: This article reports the results of a survey of 421 pupils in 5th and 6th year of Primary Education in public schools in Jaen province who participated in the safety first campaign called «Learn to grow with safety»1. This campaign is organised by the Andalusian Government Employment Council. Results: Injuries occur more frequently in boys, as they grow older, than in girls. These injuries occur mainly in the street, while in girls they most frequently occur in the home. Furthermore, school is the most secure place. Conclusions: The type of child injury observed is very similar to job injuries (falls, cuts and knocks) which justifies the importance of insisting learning preventive behaviour at a early age. This would lead to good habits that would involve less risk taking in adult years, and therefore less injuries at work (AU)

[Prevention of childhood accidents in Andalusía: To learn to grow up safely]. / Prevención de la accidentalidad infantil en Andalucía: aprender a crecer con seguridad.

INTRODUCTION: Childhood accidents have become an area of special interest for social and health research as it is one of the main causes of death in children in developed societies. Starting from the idea that child injuries are an inherent risk of growing up and life learning, prevention has to be one of the main lines in programmes on injury in health promotion. METHODS: This article reports the results of a survey of 421 pupils in 5th and 6th year of Primary Education in public schools in Jaen province who participated in the safety first campaign called «Learn to grow with safety¼¹. This campaign is organised by the Andalusian Government Employment Council. RESULTS: Injuries occur more frequently in boys, as they grow older, than in girls. These injuries occur mainly in the street, while in girls they most frequently occur in the home. Furthermore, school is the most secure place. CONCLUSIONS: The type of child injury observed is very similar to job injuries (falls, cuts and knocks) which justifies the importance of insisting learning preventive behaviour at a early age. This would lead to good habits that would involve less risk taking in adult years, and therefore less injuries at work.