RESUMO
The first Banff vascularized composite allotransplantation meeting was held in 2007 to standardize criteria for the characterization and reporting of severity and types of rejection. As a result, the 2007 Banff VCA working classification for skin allograft pathology was formalized and now serves as the standard for diagnosis of VCA rejection. Similar to other working classification systems, strengths and limitations have been identified including the adequacy of the specimen, the definition of severity between grades, the reproducibility, the adequacy of the specimens, the types of rejection, and the integration of newer technologies such as molecular and genomic approaches. Although a relatively few number of cases have been performed and followed up to date, additional phenotypes such as antibody-mediated rejection, fibrosis, atrophy, and vascular changes are being reported and characterized based on accumulated experience in the field of VCA and parallels with other solid organs. This study aims to consider strengths and limitations of the Banff VCA working system and highlights ongoing challenges and opportunities available related to histopathology in this emerging field of transplantation.
Assuntos
Anticorpos/imunologia , Rejeição de Enxerto/diagnóstico , Alotransplante de Tecidos Compostos Vascularizados/métodos , Alotransplante de Tecidos Compostos Vascularizados/normas , Algoritmos , Animais , Humanos , Transplante de Rim , Fenótipo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Pele/patologia , Transplante HomólogoRESUMO
Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an autoimmune blistering skin disease in which antigen presentation in the gastrointestinal mucosa results in cutaneous IgA deposition and distinct, neutrophil-driven cutaneous lesions. Our findings suggest that the qualitatively different immune response to gluten in the intestinal mucosa of patients with DH results in minimal clinical symptoms, allowing the continued ingestion of gluten and the eventual development of DH. Our model may provide a new way to understand the pathogenesis of other skin diseases associated with gastrointestinal inflammation such as pyoderma gangrenosum or erythema nodosum, or explain association of seronegative inflammatory arthritis with inflammatory bowel disease.
Assuntos
Doença Celíaca/imunologia , Dermatite Herpetiforme/imunologia , Pele/imunologia , Animais , Doença Celíaca/genética , Doença Celíaca/patologia , Dermatite Herpetiforme/genética , Dermatite Herpetiforme/patologia , Dieta Livre de Glúten , Humanos , Imunidade nas Mucosas , Imunoglobulina A/imunologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Interleucina-8/metabolismo , Modelos Biológicos , Pele/patologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
The major treatment strategies for DH are gluten restriction or medical treatment with sulfones. Control of the cutaneous manifestations, but not the gastrointestinal changes, is rapid with dapsone. In addition to control of the cutaneous signs and symptoms of DH, dietary gluten restriction also induces improvement of gastrointestinal morphology and is possibly protective against the development of lymphoma.
Assuntos
Autoantígenos/imunologia , Doença Celíaca/terapia , Dermatite Herpetiforme/terapia , Transglutaminases/imunologia , Animais , Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Doença Celíaca/imunologia , Dapsona/uso terapêutico , Dermatite Herpetiforme/imunologia , Dieta Livre de Glúten , Humanos , Imunoglobulina A/imunologia , Hansenostáticos/uso terapêutico , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Pele/imunologia , Pele/patologiaRESUMO
The major treatment strategies for DH are gluten restriction or medical treatment with sulfones. Control of the cutaneous manifestations, but not the gastrointestinal changes, is rapid with dapsone. In addition to control of the cutaneous signs and symptoms of DH, dietary gluten restriction also induces improvement of gastrointestinal morphology and is possibly protective against the development of lymphoma.
Assuntos
Dapsona/uso terapêutico , Dermatite Herpetiforme/terapia , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Dieta Livre de Glúten , Sulfapiridina/uso terapêutico , Sulfassalazina/uso terapêutico , Dermatite Herpetiforme/dietoterapia , Dermatite Herpetiforme/tratamento farmacológico , HumanosRESUMO
Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an autoimmune blistering skin disease in which antigen presentation in the gastrointestinal mucosa results in cutaneous IgA deposition and distinct, neutrophil-driven cutaneous lesions. Our findings suggest that the qualitatively different immune response to gluten in the intestinal mucosa of patients with DH results in minimal clinical symptoms, allowing the continued ingestion of gluten and the eventual development of DH. Our model may provide a new way to understand the pathogenesis of other skin diseases associated with gastrointestinal inflammation such as pyoderma gangrenosum or erythema nodosum, or explain association of seronegative inflammatory arthritis with inflammatory bowel disease.