Socio-economic vulnerability and deaths of despair in Brazilian counties.

Over the past few years, there has been a progressive increase in premature deaths attributable to suicide, drug overdose, and alcohol-related liver disease that impact life expectancy. Regarding the relationship with contextual effects, the evidence is developing, especially in countries with a peripheral economy, as is the case of Brazil. We carried out an analysis aimed at estimating the relationship between socioeconomic insecurity and deaths due to despair in Brazilian cities. We used 5,570 counties' data to create clusters concerning socioeconomic development and then analyzed age-adjusted mortality rates (ASMR) from each of them and compared them using the ANOVA test. Cluster analysis generated two groups of Brazilian municipalities. DoD rates are consistently higher in the group that experiences more deprivation. However, considering differences between 2010 and 2019, the increase in rates was higher in the group with less deprivation experience (48.82 % vs. 39.53 %) We verified an existing gap between the clusters before the beginning of economic stagnation in 2010 The gap between those two groups decreased from 20.58 % (p < 0.001) in 2010 to 14.03 % in 2019 (p = 0.034). The conjuncture of economic crises creates mortality differentials in certain population groups. Also, significant inequalities explain how causes of death from despair affect different subpopulations. Our first approach assessed this assumption, and we could check those differentials at an ecological level. Public policies should focus on reducing the difference in mortality from despair between higher and lower socioeconomic strata.

Relationship between body composition and bone mass in normal-weight and overweight adolescents.

Adolescence is a period characterized by large accumulation of bone mass. Body composition is an important determinant of bone mass. This study aimed to assess the relationship of bone mass with lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) in normal-weight and overweight adolescents with consideration of sex, sexual maturation and physical activity covariates. A total of 118 adolescents (60 girls and 58 boys) aged between 10 and 14 years participated in the study. Individuals were classified as normal weight or overweight according to body mass index. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), LM, and FM were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In normal-weight adolescents, LM (ß = 0.725, p < 0.001) and FM (ß = 0.185, p = 0.019) were associated with lumbar spine BMC, whereas in overweight adolescents only LM (ß = 0.736, p < 0.001) was associated with lumbar spine BMC. Furthermore, in the normal-weight group, FM and LM were associated with total body less head BMD (LM, ß = 0.792, p < 0.001; FM, ß = 0.257, p = 0.007) and lumbar spine BMD (LM, ß = 0.553, p < 0.001; FM, ß = 0.199, p < 0.035). In the overweight group, only LM was associated with total body less head BMD (ß = 0.682, p < 0.001) and lumbar spine BMD (ß = 0.528, p < 0.001). LM was the main predictor of bone mass in normal-weight and overweight adolescents. FM was associated with bone mass in normal-weight adolescents only. LM may be considered an important and useful marker in adolescents, when investigating bone health in this population. Activities that promote LM gain to reduce the risk of bone fractures and diseases in adulthood are recommended.

Association of insufficient practice of physical activity with demographic, anthropometric and biochemical factors in hypertensive patients / Fatores associados à atividade física em pacientes com hipertensão tratados e monitorados pelo Hiperdia

Resumo Introdução Considerando-se a magnitude da hipertensão arterial sistêmica e suas complicações, assim como a importância da atividade física regular na sua prevenção e/ou tratamento, é necessário identificar os fatores associados à prática de atividade física insuficiente. Objetivo Analisar os fatores associados à atividade física insuficiente em hipertensos atendidos na atenção primária à saúde. Método Estudo transversal realizado com amostra aleatória de 305 hipertensos em três unidades de saúde de São Luís (MA). Foi realizada análise bivariada, com estimativas de razões de prevalência, intervalos de confiança e análise multivariada por regressão de Poisson. Resultados A atividade física insuficiente foi observada em 38,7% da amostra. Atividade física insuficiente foi associada a menos de 8 anos de educação formal (razão de prevalência - RP = 1,58; intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC = 1,04-2,39), colesterol total ≥200 mg/dL (RP = 0,78; IC 95% = 0,58 -1,04), lipoproteína de baixa densidade colesterol-LDLc ≥100 mg/dL (RP = 0,79; IC 95% = 0,53-0,95) e lipoproteína de alta densidade colesterol-HDLc <40 mg / dL entre homens e <50 mg/dL entre mulheres (RP = 1,21; IC 95% = 0,90-1,64). A escolaridade <8 anos (RP = 1,50; IC 95% = 0,99-2,29) e LDLc ≥100 mg/dL (RP = 0,72; IC 95% = 0,54-0,96) também estiveram associados na regressão multivariada. Conclusão Observou-se alta prevalência de atividade física insuficiente e sua associação com baixa escolaridade e LDLc alterado em hipertensos.

Abstract Background Considering the magnitude of systemic hypertension (SH) and its complications, as well as the importance of regular physical activity in its prevention and/or treatment, there is a necessity to identify the factors associated with insufficient practice of physical activity. Objective To analyze factors associated with insufficient physical activity in hypertensive patients treated at Primary Health Care (PHC). Method This cross-sectional study was performed with a random sample of 305 hypertensive patients in three PHC units in São Luis, state of Maranhão, Brazil. A bivariate analysis was performed with estimates of prevalence ratios and confidence intervals, and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression. Results Insufficient physical activity was observed in 38.7% of the sample. Insufficient physical activity was associated with having <8 years of formal education (prevalence ratio-PR=1.58; 95% confidence interval-CI=1.04-2.39), total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL (PR=0.78; 95% CI=0.58-1.04), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-LDL ≥100 mg/dL (PR=0.79; 95% CI=0.53-0.95), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-HDL <40 mg/dL among men and <50 mg/dL among women (PR=1.21; 95% CI=0.90-1.64). Length of education <8 years (PR=1.50; 95% CI=0.99-2.29) and LDL ≥100 mg/dL (PR=0.72;95% CI=0.54-0.96) were also associated in the multivariate regression. Conclusion High prevalence of insufficient physical activity and its association with low education level and altered LDL serum levels were observed in hypertensive patients.

Behavior in children and adolescents associated to screen time in Porto Velho, Brazilian Western Amazon / Comportamento de crianças e adolescentes em relação ao tempo de tela em Porto Velho, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira

INTRODUCTION: In studies directed to children and adolescents, the sedentary behavior has been usually represented by exposure to screen, which comprise the total or separate measured time exposed to television, videogame, tablets, mobile devices, and computer. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with screen time in children and adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional school-based study was carried out with 1,471 students from Elementary School, aged between 7 to 18 years (51.3% male), enrolled at public schools (55.6%) in Porto Velho, Rondônia (RO) state, Brazil. Excess screen time was defined as watching television, using the computer, and playing video games for more than two hours per day. Poisson regression was used to obtain crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and their respective 95% CI. RESULTS: Overall prevalence of screen time exposure over two hours per day was 65.9%. After adjustments, risk of screen time exposure was higher in males, PR = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.08 - 1.92), under or equal to 14 years old, PR = 1.69 (95% CI: 1.48 - 1.92), in the 5th grade, PR = 1.41 (95% CI: 1.02 - 1.89), in the 6th grade, PR = 1.44 (95% CI: 1.06 - 1.97) and in the 7th grade, PR = 1.52 (95% CI: 1.09 - 2.13), attending two weekly PE classes or fewer, PR = 1.25 (95% CI: 1.07 - 1.53) ), consuming more than 3 daily meals, PR = 2.69 (95% CI: 2.14 - 3.37) and overweight, PR = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.13 - 2.03). CONCLUSION: The findings showed that the exposure equal to or more than two hours of daily screen time was high. The students more exposed to this outcome had the next characteristics: male sex, age less than or equal to 14 years, from the fifth, sixth, and seventh grade of elementary education, practice physical education classes less than or equal to two hours per week, consume more than three meals daily and have excess body fat (G%).

INTRODUÇÃO: Em estudos direcionados a crianças e adolescentes, o comportamento sedentário tem sido usualmente representado pela exposição aos comportamentos de tela, que compreendem as medidas (unificadas ou distintas) do tempo de televisão, videogame, tablets, aparelhos celulares e computador. OBJETIVO: Investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao tempo de tela em crianças e adolescentes. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal de base escolar, com 1471 escolares de 9 a 18 anos, sendo 51,3% do sexo masculino pertencentes às escolas públicas (55,6%) do ensino fundamental de Porto Velho, Rondônia. O tempo excessivo de tela foi definido como assistir televisão, usar o computador e jogar videogames por mais de duas horas diárias. Análise utilizada foi regressão de Poisson para obtenção das razões de prevalências brutas e ajustadas e seus respectivos IC95%. RESULTADOS: A prevalência geral de exposição de tempo de tela maior que duas horas diárias foi de 65,9%. Após ajustes, o risco à exposição de tempo de tela foi maior no sexo masculino RP = 1,51 (IC95%: 1,08 - 1,92), idade menor ou igual a 14 anos RP = 1,69 (IC95%: 1,48 - 1,92), graus de ensino 5ª ano RP=1,41 (IC95%: 1,02 - 1,89), 6ª ano RP=1,44 (IC95%: 1,06 - 1,97) e 7ª ano RP = 1,52 (IC95%: 1,09 - 2,13), frequentar as aulas de educação física menos ou igual a duas aulas semanais RP = 1,25 (IC95%:1,07 - 1,53), consumir refeições diárias mais de três por dia RP = 2,69 (IC95%:2,14 - 3,37) e ter excesso de gordura RP = 1,51 (IC95%: 1,13 - 2,03. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados mostraram que a exposição igual ou superior a duas horas de tela diária era alta. Os estudantes mais expostos a este desfecho tiveram as seguintes características: sexo masculino, idade menor ou igual a 14 anos, de quinta, sexta e sétima série do ensino fundamental, praticar aulas de educação física menor ou igual a duas horas semanais, consumir mais de três refeições diárias e estar com excesso de gordura corporal (G%).

Pensar, gostar e considerar importante a prática de atividade física aumentam as chances de ser ativo no lazer? / Do thinking, enjoying, and considering important the practice of physical activity increase the chances of being active at leisure?

RESUMO: Embora reconhecida como comportamento de extrema importância na saúde da população, a prática de atividade física regular ainda é um grande desafio. Objetivo: verificar o nível de atividade física no lazer e possíveis fatores correlatados em uma comunidade acadêmica do nordeste brasileiro. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo transversal, constituído por discentes, docentes e técnicos administrativos, utilizou-se como instrumento "Mapa de Atividade Física e Saúde-MAFIS", realizou-se estatística descritiva, teste de Qui quadrado, com posterior montagem do modelo de regressão logística. Resultados: 52,1% atingiram as recomendações de atividade física (AF), os homens apresentam 65,3% (OR: 1,65; IC95%: 1,29-2,11) mais chance de serem ativos, quem gosta de AF tem duas (OR: 2,02; IC95%: 0,82-4,96) a 4,8 (OR: 4,84; IC95%: 1,99-11,8) vezes mais chance de praticar AF, achar importante fazer AF (OR: 2,23; IC95%: 0,48-10,4) e menos dias sentado aumenta de 48,3% (OR: 1,48; IC95%: 1,032- 2,130) a 53,3% (OR: 1,53; IC95%: 1,09-2,13) a chance de fazer AF e quem pensa em fazer AF (OR: 0,362; IC: 0,203-0,645) tem menos chance de ser ativo. Conclusão: Gostar, considerar importante e menos dias sentados aumentam as chances de fazer atividade física, já pensar sempre em fazer, diminui a chance de ser ativo no lazer. (AU)

ABSTRACT: Although recognized as extremely important behavior in the health of the population, the practice of a regular physical activity is still a major challenge. Aim: verifying the level of leisure-time physical activity and possible correlated factors in an academic community in northeastern Brazil. Materials and methods: this is a cross-sectional study, consisting of stu-dents, professors, and administrative technicians. The instrument "Map of Physical Activity and Health-MAFIS" was used, as well as descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, with the subsequent assembly of the logistic regression model. Results: 52.1% reached the recommendations for physical activity (PA), men were 65.3% (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.29 - 2.11) more likely to be active, those who like PA were two (OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 0.82- 4.96) to 4.8 (OR: 4.84; 95% CI: 1.99-11.8) times more likely to practice PA, finding it important to do AF (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 0.48-10.4) and spending fewer days sitting increased by 48.3% (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1,032 - 2,130) to 53.3% (OR: 1 , 53; 95% CI: 1.09 - 2.13) the chance of doing PA and those who think about doing PA (OR: 0.362; CI: 0.203 - 0.645) are less likely to be active. Conclusion:Enjoying, considering important, and spending fewer days sitting increase the chances of doing physical activity, on the other hand, just thinking about doing it decreases the chances of being active at leisure. (AU)

SARS-CoV-2 em superfícies: persistência e medidas preventivas: uma revisão sistemática / SARS-CoV-2 in Surfaces: persistence and prevention measures: a systematic review / SARS-CoV-2 en Superficies: persistencia y medidas preventivas: una revisión sistemática

Objetivo: verificar a persistência do SARS-CoV-2 nas diferentes superfícies e medidas preventivas contra a transmissão do vírus. Método: revisão sistemática norteada pelo método PRISMA. Foram utilizadas as bases de buscas PubMed e LILACS de janeiro a junho de 2020, com os descritores: "2019-nCOV" OR "SARS-CoV-2" OR "COVID-19" AND "transmission" OR "transmission route" AND "viability" AND "surface" OR "inanimate surface" AND "prevention". As informações extraídas foram autor/ano, país, tipo de publicação, nome da revista, idioma, país da publicação e base de dados. Resultados: foram identificadas 178 publicações, com exclusão de 164 artigos, nove por idioma, 12 por outras doenças e/ou patógenos e 143 pelo título e/ou resumo. Foram incluídos 14 artigos qualitativos, oito artigos de revisões narrativas, uma comunicação breve, dois artigos originais e um editorial. Treze artigos foram publicados em inglês e um em português. Conclusão: coronavírus humanos (HCoV 229E) podem se manter em diferentes superfícies durante duas horas até nove dias. Baixas temperaturas e reduzida umidade relativa do ar favorecem a sobrevivência do SARS-CoV-2, sendo mais estável em plásticos e aço inoxidável do que em cobre e papelão. A recomendação é higienização de superfícies e mãos com água, sabão ou higienizadores à base de álcool.(AU)

Objective: to verify the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 on different types of surfaces and the preventive measures against the transmission of the virus. Method: a systematic review was carried out, using the PRISMA method. The PubMed and LILACS databases from January to June 2020 were used, with the following descriptors: "2019-nCOV" OR "SARS-CoV-2" OR "COVID-19" AND "transmission" OR "transmission route" AND "viability" AND "surface" OR "inanimate surface" AND "prevention". Information extracted was author/year, country, type of publication, journal name, language, country of publication and database. Results: 178 publications were identified. 164 articles were excluded, nine by language, 12 by other diseases and/or pathogens and 143 by title and/or abstract. 14 qualitative articles were included, eight articles of narrative reviews, one short communication, two original articles and one editorial. Thirteen articles were published in English and one in Portuguese. Conclusion: human coronaviruses (HCoV 229E) can persist on different surfaces for two hours up to nine days. Low temperatures and low relative humidity of the air favor the survival of SARS-CoV-2, which is more stable on plastics and on stainless steel than on copper and cardboard. The recommendation is frequent surface and hand hygiene with water, soap or alcohol-based rubs.(AU)

Objetivo: verificar la persistencia del SARS-CoV-2 en diferentes superficies y las medidas preventivas contra la transmisión del virus. Método: se realizó una revisión sistemática, utilizando el método PRISMA. Se utilizaron las bases de datos de búsqueda de PubMed y LILACS de enero a junio de 2020, con los descriptores: "2019-nCOV" O "SARS-CoV-2" O "COVID-19" Y "transmisión" O "ruta de transmisión" Y "viabilidad" Y "superficie" O "superficie inanimada" Y "prevención". Las informaciones extraídas fueron autor / año, país, tipo de publicación, nombre de la revista, idioma, país de publicación y base de datos. Resultados: se identificaron 178 publicaciones. Se excluyeron 164 artículos, nueve por idioma, 12 por otras enfermedades y/o patógenos y 143 por título y/o resumen, incluidos 14 artículos cualitativos, ocho artículos de revisiones narrativas, una comunicación breve, dos artículos originales y uno editorial. Se publicaron trece artículos en inglés y uno en portugués. Conclusión: los coronavirus humanos (HCoV 229E) pueden matenerse en diferentes superficies durante dos horas hasta nueve días. Las bajas temperaturas y la reducida humedad relativa del aire favorecen la supervivencia del SARS-CoV-2, siendo más estable en plásticos y acero inoxidable que en cobre y carton. La recomendación es limpiar superficies y manos con agua, jabón o limpiadores a base de alcohol.(AU)

Epidemiologia da COVID-19 em Uberlândia (MG): análise preliminar do impacto do grau de abertura comercial / Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Uberlândia (MG): preliminary analysis of the impact of commercial activities's openness / Epidemiología del COVID-19 en Uberlândia (MG): análisis preliminar del impacto del grado de apertura comercial

Objetivo: analisar os dados epidemiológicos da COVID-19 em Uberlândia e confrontá-los com as determinações municipais de abertura e fechamento comercial em diferentes momentos da pandemia. Método: trata-se de estudo epidemiológico, observacional e descritivo, utilizando dados secundários, referente aos casos notificados da COVID-19 em Uberlândia. Resultados: foram realizados 59.994 testes, sendo 14.389 positivos (23,98%) e 45.605 negativos (76,02%). Registraram-se 265 óbitos e taxa de letalidade de 1,89%. Casos confirmados apresentaram tendência de crescimento após abertura comercial, tendência de estabilização após fechamento comercial, e tendência de queda após a última reabertura comercial, acompanhada de acúmulo de testes suspeitos e queda da testagem populacional. Entre os internados diários, houve predomínio de homens (59%), maiores de 60 anos (55%) e alocados em leitos de enfermaria (55%). Conclusão: percebeu-se expressiva influência do grau de abertura comercial nos indicadores da doença, com incremento da frequência de testes positivos e óbitos, e manutenção das internações.(AU)

Objective: to analyze COVID-19's epidemiological data in Uberlândia and compare them with the municipal determinations of opening and closing of commercial's acitivities at different times of the pandemic. Method: this is an epidemiological, observational and descriptive study, using secondary data, referring to notified cases of COVID-19 in Uberlândia. Results: 59,994 tests were performed, of which 14,389 were positive (23.98%) and 45,605 negative (76.02%). There were 265 deaths and a fatality rate of 1.89%. Confirmed cases showed a growth tendency after commercial opening, a stabilization tendecy after commercial closing, and a downward tendecy after the last commercial reopening, accompanied by an accumulation of suspicious tests and a drop in population testing. Among daily inpatients, there was a predominance of men (59%), older than 60 years old (55%) and allocated to infirmary beds (55%). Conclusion: there was a significant influence of the degree of commercial opening in the indicators of the disease, with an increase in the frequency of positive tests and deaths, and maintenance of hospitalizations.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar los datos epidemiológicos de COVID-19 en Uberlândia y confrontarlos con las determinaciones municipales de apertura y cierre comercial en diferentes momentos de la pandemia. Método: se trata de un estudio epidemiológico, observacional y descriptivo, utilizando datos secundarios, referidos a los casos notificados de COVID-19 en Uberlândia. Resultados: se realizaron 59.994 pruebas, de las cuales 14.389 fueron positivas (23,98%) y 45,605 negativas (76,02%). Hubo 265 muertes y una tasa de mortalidad del 1,89%. Los casos confirmados mostraron una tendencia de crecimiento después de la apertura comercial, una tendencia de estabilización después del cierre comercial y una tendencia a la baja después de la última reapertura comercial, acompañada de una acumulación de pruebas sospechosas y una caída en las pruebas de población. Entre los internados diarios, hubo predominio de hombres (59%), mayores de 60 años (55%) y asignados a camas de enfermería (55%). Conclusión: hubo una influencia significativa del grado de apertura comercial en los indicadores de la enfermedad, con un aumento en la frecuencia de pruebas positivas y muertes, y mantenimiento de hospitalizaciones.(AU)

Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Uberlândia (MG): preliminary analysis of the impact of commercial activities's openness at different moments of the pandemic / Epidemiologia da COVID-19 em Uberlândia (MG): análise preliminar do impacto do grau de abertura comercial em diferentes momentos da pandemia

Introduction: The economic impact of the COVID-19's pandemic and the interruption of several commercial activities is substantial. In Brazil, there is discussions about the need to establish periods of greater flexibility in measures of social isolation, to cover the economic's impact in the country. In this context, effective Epidemiological Surveillance is essential. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological data of COVID-19 in Uberlândia and compare them to the municipal's determinations of commercial opening and closing at different times of the pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive observational epidemiological study, using secondary data, of public uses and access, of the cases notified by COVID-19 to the Municipal Health Department of Uberlândia, obtained through the Municipal Information Bulletin. Results: 59.994 tests were performed, being 14.389 positive (23.98%) and 45.605 negative (76.02%). There were 265 deaths and a fatality rate of 1.89%. The confirmed cases tended to grow after commercial openings and to stabilize after commercial closing, with a tendency to fall after the last commercial reopening, accompanied by accumulation of suspicious tests and drop in population testing. Among daily inpatients, there was a prevalence of men (59%), older than 60 years (55%) and those allocated to nursing beds (55%). Conclusion: From the analysis of the epidemiological data and the preliminary understanding of the impact of the measures adopted by the city, a significant influence of the commercial activity's openness on the indicators of the disease was noticed. It was noticed that the frequency of positive tests and deaths increased, with maintenance of inpatients, which demonstrates the impact of this disease and the need to improve health surveillance actions in the control of the pandemic.

Introdução: O impacto econômico causado pela pandemia da COVID-19 e a paralisação de diversas atividades comerciais é grande. No Brasil, debate-se a necessidade de adoção de períodos de maior flexibilização nas medidas de isolamento social, visando garantir movimentação econômica no país. Para que isso seja possível, torna-se indispensável a atuação efetiva da Vigilância Epidemiológica. Objetivo: Analisar os dados epidemiológicos da COVID-19 em Uberlândia e confrontá-los com as determinações municipais de abertura e fechamento comerciais em diferentes momentos da pandemia. Metodologia: Trata-se um estudo epidemiológico observacional descritivo, utilizando dados secundários, de uso e acesso públicos, dos casos notificados da COVID-19 à Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Uberlândia, obtidos por meio do Boletim Informativo Municipal. Resultados: Foram realizados 59.994 testes, sendo 14.389 positivos (23,98%) e 45.605 negativos (76,02%). Registraram-se 265 óbitos e taxa de letalidade de 1,89%. Casos confirmados apresentaram tendência de crescimento após aberturas comerciais e tendência de estabilização após fechamento comercial, com tendência de queda após a última reabertura comercial, acompanhada de acúmulo de testes suspeitos e queda da testagem populacional. Entre os internados diários, houve predomínio de homens (59%), maiores de 60 anos (55%) e alocados em leitos de enfermaria (55%). Conclusão: A partir da análise dos dados epidemiológicos e do entendimento preliminar do impacto das medidas adotadas pela prefeitura, foi percebida expressiva influência do grau de abertura comercial nos indicadores da doença, resultando no incremento da frequência de testes positivos e óbitos, com manutenção das internações, o que demostra o impacto dessa doença e a necessidade de aprimoramento das ações de vigilância em saúde no controle da pandemia.

Atividade física na prevenção de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em homens / Physical activity in the prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases in men

RESUMO: Introdução: A promoção da atividade física (AF) é uma das prioridades das políticas públicas de atenção básica à saúde, especialmente para o público masculino. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação da prática de atividade física com o estilo de vida e presença doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNTs) em usuários do sexo masculino de Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS). Métodos: Participaram do estudo 119 homens na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos. A associação entre a prática de atividade física com variáveis sociodemográficas, etilismo, tabagismo, uso de medicamento, presença de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e conhecimento da política de saúde do homem foi realizada por Regressão Logística com um α=5%. Resultados: A prevalência de atividade física foi de 58,8%, entretanto 36,7% dos participantes faziam uso de medicações diariamente e 70,6% não conhecem a Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem. Além disso, fazer atividade física demonstrou como um fator de proteção contra as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (OR = 2,97; IC 95% 1,03 ­ 8,55; p = 0,043). Conclusão: A prática de atividade física em homens, independentemente da idade, tabagismo e etilismo foi associada à prevenção de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.(AU)

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The promotion of physical activity (PA) is one of the priorities of public policies for primary health care, especially for the male audience. Objective: To evaluate the association between physical activity and life-style and presence of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in male users of the Basic Health Unit (BHU). Methods: 119 men, aged between 20 and 59 years, participated in the study. The association between the practice of physical activity with sociodemographic variables, alcoholism, smoking, use of medication, presence of chronic noncommunicable diseases and knowledge of men's health policy was carried out by Logistic Regression with an α= 5%. Results: The prevalence of physical activity was 58.8%, however 36.7% of the participants used medica-tions daily and 70.6% did not know the National Policy for Comprehensive Attention to Men's Health. In addition, physical activity proved to be a protective factor against chronic non-communicable diseases (OR= 2,97; IC 95% 1,03 ­ 8,55; p = 0,043). Conclusion: The practice of physical activity in men, regardless of age, smoking and alcohol consumption was associated with the prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases. (AU)

Rastreamento Geográfico da COVID-19 Segundo Fatores Socioeconômicos e Demográficos no Município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais / Geographic Tracking of COVID-19 According to the Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors in the City of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais

Objetivo: analisar a distribuição espacial da COVID-19 segundo fatores socioeconômicos e demográficos no município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Método: trata-se de um estudo do ecológico, transversal, utilizando dados secundários, de uso e acesso públicos, oriundos do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, por meio das informações disponíveis no open DataSUS com casos confirmados da COVID-19 e que possuíam, em suas respectivas fichas cadastrais, os bairros de residência. Resultados: a média de idade dos casos confirmados pela COVID-19 foi de 38,83 (±14,29) anos, as faixas etárias mais atingidas foram entre 20 a 29 anos (23,2%), 30 a 39 anos (27,7%), 40 a 49 anos (22,5%), 50 a 59 anos (13,7%) e 70 a 79 anos (5,7%). Todos os setores apresentaram casos da COVID-19, sendo o oeste o mais atingido. Entre os 20 bairros com o maior número de infecção, 11 possuem renda per capita média abaixo de um salário-mínimo, oito bairros com renda per capita média de até dois salários-mínimos e apenas um bairro com renda per capita média acima de dois salários mínimos. Conclusões: o número de casos da COVID-19 foi elevado, espalhando-se rapidamente para todos os setores, afetando, principalmente, bairros de baixa renda per capita. Nos bairros com renda per capita média da população abaixo de um salário-mínimo, concentram-se os piores cenários da COVID-19. A crise global de saúde pública ocasionada pela COVID-19 revelou as desigualdades e as injustiças que ameaçam o bem-estar, a segurança e a vida das pessoas.

Objective: To analyze the spatial distribution of COVID-19 according to socioeconomic and demographic factors in the city of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Method: This is an ecological, cross-sectional study, using secondary data, of public use and access, from the Ministry of Health of Brazil, based on the information available in the open DataSUS with confirmed cases of COVID-19 and that had, in their respective records, the neighborhoods of residence. Results: The average age of the cases confirmed by COVID-19 was 38.83 (± 14.29) years old, the most affected age groups were between 20 to 29 years old (23.2%), 30 to 39 years old (27 , 7%), 40 to 49 years old (22.5%), 50 to 59 years old (13.7%) and 70 to 79 years old (5.7%). All sectors presented cases of COVID-19, being the west the most affected. Among the 20 neighborhoods with the highest number of infections, 11 have an average per capita income below one minimum wage, eight neighborhoods with an average per capita income of up to two minimum wages and only one neighborhood with an average per capita income above two minimum wages. Conclusions: The number of COVID-19 cases was high, spreading rapidly to all sectors, affecting mainly neighborhoods with low per capita income. In neighborhoods with average per capita income below one minimum wage, the worst scenarios of COVID-19 are concentrated. The global public health crisis caused by COVID-19 revealed the inequalities and injustices that threaten people's well-being, security and lives.

Preferências de atividade física em adultos brasileiros: resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde / Physical activity preferences in Brazilian adults: results from National Health Survey

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a distribuição dos diferentes tipos de práticas entre os praticantes de atividade física de uma amostra de adultos de acordo com características sociodemográficas. Estudo transversal utilizando dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) de 2013, com adultos de 18 anos ou mais, praticantes de atividade física (n = 17.350). As variáveis independentes foram sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade e regiões geográficas. As variáveis dependentes foram os tipos de atividade física mais praticadas na população. Para apresentar as frequências de prática de prática segundo região, escolaridade e idade as atividades as atividades foram divididas em três grupos: caminhada, exercício e esportes. Os dados foram analisados no STATA 12.1. Nos homens, as atividades mais comuns foram futebol (39,1%), caminhada (22,9%) e musculação (15,3%). Nas mulheres, foram a caminhada (48,9%), ginástica (19,2%) e musculação (14,2%). Nos homens, a prática de caminhada foi maior nos mais velhos, sem instrução e da região Centro Oeste (p < 0,001). Quanto a prática de exercícios, nos homens, este hábito foi mais comum entre os mais jovens, com maior escolaridade, e da região Sudeste (p < 0,001). Em relação aos esportes, a prática foi mais comum nos mais jovens, nos com maior escolaridade e da região Norte (p < 0,001), tanto nos homens quanto nas mulheres. A prática esportiva foi menos frequente nas mulheres. Os tipos de atividade têm grande influência da idade, escolaridade dos indivíduos e região do país. Estes aspectos devem ser levados em conta do planejamento de intervenções

This study aims to verify the distribution of different types of practices in Brazilian adults according to sociodemographic variables. Cross-sectional study using data from the National Health Survey (PNS) of 2013 including individuals with 18 years or more practitioners of physical activity (n = 17,350). Independent variables were sex, age, education and geographic regions. The dependent variables were the types of physical activity more frequent in the population. To present frequencies according to region, education and age types of physical activity were classified in three groups: walking, exercise and sports. The data were analyzed in STATA 12.1 using the svy command. Among men, the most common activities were soccer (39.1%), walking (22.9%) and bodybuilding (15.3%). Among women, were walking (48.9%), gymnastics (19.2%) and bodybuilding (14.2%). Among men, walking was higher in older individuals, with no education and in the Midwest region (p < 0.001). For exercise, among men, the habit was more common among younger, with higher education and the Southeast (p < 0.001). Regarding sports, the practice was more common among the younger ones, with higher schooling and the Northern region (p < 0.001). The associations for women were similar to associations for men. The types of physical activity have influence of age, education and region of country. These aspects should be considered in interventions planning. More studies are necessary to under-stand the motivators to choose each practice

Inactive behavior in adolescent students of the brazilian western amazon / Comportamento inativo em estudantes adolescentes da amazônia ocidental brasileira

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of physical inactivity in adolescent students in the city of Porto Velho, RO, Northern Brazil, and its associated factors. Methods: School-based study, conducted with 2,694 adolescents. The self-reported variable for outcome was physical inactivity. Factors associated with inactive behavior were verified by multiple logistic regression. The independent variables were inserted into the model in hierarchical blocks. Results: The overall prevalence of inactive behavior was 39.5%. Females showed a higher prevalence of physical inactivity (46.2%) than males (31.4%). Adolescents in private schools and with reports of negative health perception had a high prevalence of physical inactivity. Regarding associated factors, the female sex showed a magnitude of association of 1.84 with physical inactivity. Being in a private school was associated with a 2.54 times greater chance of physical inactivity compared to public school students. Going to school by bus, car or motorcycle was associated with a 1.29 and 1.63 higher chance of physical inactivity respectively. Adolescents who reported having a negative health perception had 1.29 higher chance of physical inactivity, while having excess body fat showed magnitude of association of 1.36 in adolescents. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of physical inactivity in the studied adolescents. Considering that the behavior of physical inactivity adopted during adolescence may continue in adulthood, the promotion of actions that can change this behavior may improve health in the future as well as quality of life.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência do comportamento inativo de estudantes adolescentes da cidade de Porto Velho, RO, Brasil, e os fatores associados a ele. Métodos: Estudo de base escolar realizado com 2.694 adolescentes. A variável autorreferida à exposição ao desfecho foi a inatividade física. Verificam-se os fatores associados ao comportamento inativo pela regressão logística múltipla. As variáveis independentes foram inseridas no modelo em blocos hierarquizados. Resultados: A prevalência geral de comportamento inativo foi de 39,5%. O sexo feminino mostrou maior prevalência de comportamento inativo (46,2%) do que o masculino (31,4%). Adolescentes em escolas particulares e com relatos de percepção de saúde negativa apresentaram alta prevalência de comportamento inativo. Na verificação dos fatores associados, o sexo feminino mostrou magnitude de associação de 1,84 com o comportamento inativo. Estar institucionalizado em escola particular mostrou 2,54 vezes mais chance de ter comportamento inativo em comparação aos estudantes das escolas públicas. A locomoção para escola por ônibus e carro ou motocicleta revelou magnitudes de associação com o comportamento inativo de 1,29 e 1,63, respectivamente. Adolescentes que apontaram a percepção de saúde negativa tiveram 1,29 mais chance de ter comportamento inativo em relação ao relato de saúde positiva, enquanto ter excesso de gordura corporal mostrou magnitude de associação de 1,36 em adolescentes. Conclusões: A prevalência de comportamento inativo foi alta em estudantes adolescentes. Considerando que o comportamento inativo adotado durante a adolescência pode permanecer nos anos posteriores, sugere-se a promoção de ações para a modificação de comportamento visando à melhoria da saúde e qualidade de vida.

INACTIVE BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENT STUDENTS OF THE BRAZILIAN WESTERN AMAZON.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of physical inactivity in adolescent students in the city of Porto Velho, RO, Northern Brazil, and its associated factors. METHODS: School-based study, conducted with 2,694 adolescents. The self-reported variable for outcome was physical inactivity. Factors associated with inactive behavior were verified by multiple logistic regression. The independent variables were inserted into the model in hierarchical blocks. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of inactive behavior was 39.5%. Females showed a higher prevalence of physical inactivity (46.2%) than males (31.4%). Adolescents in private schools and with reports of negative health perception had a high prevalence of physical inactivity. Regarding associated factors, the female sex showed a magnitude of association of 1.84 with physical inactivity. Being in a private school was associated with a 2.54 times greater chance of physical inactivity compared to public school students. Going to school by bus, car or motorcycle was associated with a 1.29 and 1.63 higher chance of physical inactivity respectively. Adolescents who reported having a negative health perception had 1.29 higher chance of physical inactivity, while having excess body fat showed magnitude of association of 1.36 in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of physical inactivity in the studied adolescents. Considering that the behavior of physical inactivity adopted during adolescence may continue in adulthood, the promotion of actions that can change this behavior may improve health in the future as well as quality of life.

Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat in girls / Relação entre aptidão cardiorrespiratória e adiposidade corporal em meninas

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of low cardiorespiratory fitness and its association with excess body fat, considering the sexual maturation and economic level in female adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional, epidemiological study of 1223 adolescents (10-17 years) from the public school system of Cascavel, PR, Brazil, in 2006. We analyzed the self-assessed sexual maturation level (prepubertal, pubertal and post-pubertal), the economic level (high and low) through a questionnaire and body fat (normal and high) through triceps and subscapular skinfolds. The 20-meter back-and-forth test was applied to estimate maximum oxygen consumption. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed according to reference criteria and considered low when the minimum health criterion for age and sex was not met. Chi-square test and logistic regression were applied, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The prevalence of low cardiorespiratory fitness was 51.3%, being associated with all study variables (p<0.001). At the crude analysis, adolescents with high body fat were associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness, when compared to those with normal body fat (OR=2.76; 95%CI: 2.17-3.52). After adjustment by sexual maturation, this association remained valid and showed an effect that was 1.8-fold higher (95%CI: 1.39-2.46) and after adjusting by economic level, the effect was 1.9-fold higher (95%CI: 1.45-2.61). Conclusions: Approximately half of the assessed girls showed unsatisfactory levels of cardiorespiratory fitness for health, which was associated with high body fat, regardless of sexual maturation level and economic level. Effective public health measures are needed, with particular attention to high-risk groups.

Resumo Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de aptidão cardiorrespiratória baixa e sua associação com excesso de adiposidade corporal, considerando a maturação sexual e o nível econômico, em adolescentes do sexo feminino. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico transversal com 1.223 adolescentes (10-17 anos) da rede pública de ensino de Cascavel, PR, Brasil, em 2006. Analisou-se a maturação sexual (pré-púbere, púbere e pós-púbere) autoavaliada, o nível econômico (NE) (alto e baixo) por questionário e a adiposidade corporal (normal e elevada) por dobras cutâneas do tríceps e subescapular. Aplicou-se o teste de vaivém de 20 metros para estimar o consumo máximo de oxigênio. A aptidão cardiorrespiratória foi avaliada por critérios referenciados e considerada baixa quando não atingido o critério mínimo para a saúde segundo idade e sexo. Foram aplicados o teste de qui-quadrado e a regressão logística, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A prevalência de aptidão cardiorrespiratória baixa foi de 51,3% que se associou a todas as variáveis do estudo (p<0,001). Na análise bruta, as adolescentes com adiposidade corporal elevada associaram-se à aptidão cardiorrespiratória baixa, quando comparada com aquelas com adiposidade normal (RC=2,76; IC95% 2,17-3,52). Após ajuste pela maturação sexual, essa associação se manteve e mostrou efeito 1,8 vez maior (IC95% 1,39-2,46) e, após ajuste pelo NE, o efeito foi 1,9 vezes maior (IC95% 1,45-2,61). Conclusões: Aproximadamente metade dos avaliados apresentou níveis insatisfatórios de aptidão cardiorrespiratória para a saúde, o que se associou à adiposidade corporal elevada, independentemente da maturação sexual e NE. Medidas efetivas de saúde pública são necessárias, com especial atenção para grupos de maior risco.

Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat in girls. / Relação entre aptidão cardiorrespiratória e adiposidade corporal em meninas.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of low cardiorespiratory fitness and its association with excess body fat, considering the sexual maturation and economic level in female adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional, epidemiological study of 1,223 adolescents (10-17 years) from the public school system of Cascavel, PR, Brazil, in 2006. We analyzed the self-assessed sexual maturation level (prepubertal, pubertal and post-pubertal), the Economic Level (EL) (high and low) through a questionnaire and body fat (normal and high) through triceps and subscapular skinfolds. The 20-meter back-and-forth test was applied to estimate maximum oxygen consumption. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed according to reference criteria and considered low when the minimum health criterion for age and sex was not met. Chi-square test and logistic regression were applied, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The prevalence of low cardiorespiratory fitness was 51.3%, being associated with all study variables (p<0.001). At the crude analysis, adolescents with high body fat were associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness, when compared to those with normal body fat (OR=2.76; 95%CI: 2.17-3.52). After adjustment by sexual maturation, this association remained valid and showed an effect that was 1.8-fold higher (95%CI: 1.39-2.46) and after adjusting by EL, the effect was 1.9-fold higher (95%CI: 1.45-2.61). CONCLUSIONS: Approximately half of the assessed girls showed unsatisfactory levels of cardiorespiratory fitness for health, which was associated with high body fat, regardless of sexual maturation level and EL. Effective public health measures are needed, with particular attention to high-risk groups.

Acute cardiovascular responses while playing virtual games simulated by Nintendo Wii(®).

[Purpose] This investigation evaluated the acute cardiovascular responses that occur while playing virtual games (aerobic and balance) emulated by Nintendo Wii(®). [Subjects] Nineteen healthy male volunteers were recruited. [Methods] The ergospirometric variables of maximum oxygen consumption, metabolic equivalents, and heart rate were obtained during the aerobic (Obstacle Course, Hula Hoop, and Free Run) and balance (Soccer Heading, Penguin Slide, and Table Tilt) games of Wii Fit Plus(®) software. To access and analyze the ergospirometric information, a VO2000 analyzer was used. Normalized data (using maximum oxygen consumption and heart rate) were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Scheffe's test. [Results] Significant differences were found among the balance and aerobic games in all variables analyzed. In addition, the Wii exercises performed were considered to be of light (balance games) and moderate (aerobic games) intensity in accordance with American College Sports Medicine exercise stratification. [Conclusion] Physical activity in a virtual environment emulated by Nintendo Wii(®) can change acute cardiovascular responses, primarily when Wii aerobic games are performed. These results support the use of the Nintendo Wii(®) in physical activity programs.

Cardiovascular effects of Zumba(®) performed in a virtual environment using XBOX Kinect.

[Purpose] This study evaluated the acute cardiovascular responses during a session of Zumba(®) Fitness in a virtual reality environment. [Subjects] Eighteen healthy volunteers were recruited. [Methods] The following cardiovascular variables: heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and double product were assessed before and after the practice of virtual Zumba(®), which was performed as a continuous sequence of five choreographed movements lasting for 22 min. The game Zumba Fitness Core(®), with the Kinect-based virtual reality system for the XBOX 360, was used to create the virtual environment. Comparisons were made among mean delta values (delta=post-Zumba(®) minus pre-Zumba(®) values) for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and double product using Student's t-test for paired samples. [Results] After a single session, a significant increase was noted in all the analyzed parameters (Systolic blood pressure=18%; Diastolic blood pressure=13%; Heart rate=67%; and Double product=97%). [Conclusion] The results support the feasibility of the use of Zumba Fitness Core(®) with the Kinect-based virtual reality system for the XBOX 360 in physical activity programs and further favor its indication for this purpose.

Factors associated with dietary supplement use by people who exercise at gyms.

OBJECTIVE To assess the factors associated with the use of dietary supplements by people who exercise at gyms.METHODS A cross-sectional study with a sample defined by convenience, considering the number of gyms registered in the Conselho Regional de Educação Física (Regional Council of Physical Education) of Sao Luis, MA, Northeastern Brazil, from July 2011 to July 2012. The final sample comprised 723 individuals who exercise at gyms. The dependent variable was supplement use, and the explanatory variables were length of time and motivation of the physical exercises, duration, goal and self-perception of training, weekly frequency of gym attendance, sex, age, educational attainment, self-perception of body weight, smoking and self-perception of diet. The association between variables was analysed by hierarchical Poisson regression based on a theoretical model.RESULTS Supplement use was reported by 64.7% of the participants. Most of the sample was male (52.6%). The most frequent age group was 20 to 39 years (74.4%). Most participants (46.1%) had been exercising for over a year. The following variables were associated with supplement use: self-perceiving body weight as below ideal (p < 0.001), smoking (p < 0.001), exercising for 7 to 12 months (p = 0.028) or more than one year (p < 0.001), spending more than two hours at the gym (p = 0.051), and perceiving training as moderate (p = 0.024) or intense (p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONS The use of supplements lacks proper professional guidance, being motivated by individuals unsatisfied with their low body weight and who perceive their workout as intense, which raises the need for monitoring this population.

Brazilian pediatric reference data for quantitative ultrasound of phalanges according to gender, age, height and weight.

AIMS: To establish normative data for phalangeal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measures in Brazilian students. METHODS: The sample was composed of 6870 students (3688 females and 3182 males), aged 6 to 17 years. The bone status parameter, Amplitude Dependent Speed of Sound (AD-SoS) was assessed by QUS of the phalanges using DBM Sonic BP (IGEA, Carpi, Italy) equipment. Skin color was obtained by self-evaluation. The LMS method was used to derive smoothed percentiles reference charts for AD-SoS according to sex, age, height and weight and to generate the L, M, and S parameters. RESULTS: Girls showed higher AD-SoS values than boys in the age groups 7-16 (p<0.001). There were no differences on AD-SoS Z-scores according to skin color. In both sexes, the obese group showed lower values of AD-SoS Z-scores compared with subjects classified as thin or normal weight. Age (r2 = 0.48) and height (r2 = 0.35) were independent predictors of AD-SoS in females and males, respectively. CONCLUSION: AD-SoS values in Brazilian children and adolescents were influenced by sex, age and weight status, but not by skin color. Our normative data could be used for monitoring AD-SoS in children or adolescents aged 6-17 years.

Factors associated with dietary supplement use by people who exercise at gyms / Fatores associados ao consumo de suplementos nutricionais por frequentadores de academias

OBJECTIVE To assess the factors associated with the use of dietary supplements by people who exercise at gyms.METHODS A cross-sectional study with a sample defined by convenience, considering the number of gyms registered in the Conselho Regional de Educação Física (Regional Council of Physical Education) of Sao Luis, MA, Northeastern Brazil, from July 2011 to July 2012. The final sample comprised 723 individuals who exercise at gyms. The dependent variable was supplement use, and the explanatory variables were length of time and motivation of the physical exercises, duration, goal and self-perception of training, weekly frequency of gym attendance, sex, age, educational attainment, self-perception of body weight, smoking and self-perception of diet. The association between variables was analysed by hierarchical Poisson regression based on a theoretical model.RESULTS Supplement use was reported by 64.7% of the participants. Most of the sample was male (52.6%). The most frequent age group was 20 to 39 years (74.4%). Most participants (46.1%) had been exercising for over a year. The following variables were associated with supplement use: self-perceiving body weight as below ideal (p < 0.001), smoking (p < 0.001), exercising for 7 to 12 months (p = 0.028) or more than one year (p < 0.001), spending more than two hours at the gym (p = 0.051), and perceiving training as moderate (p = 0.024) or intense (p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONS The use of supplements lacks proper professional guidance, being motivated by individuals unsatisfied with their low body weight and who perceive their workout as intense, which raises the need for monitoring this population.

OBJETIVO Analisar os fatores associados ao consumo de suplementos nutricionais por frequentadores de academias.MÉTODOS Estudo transversal, com amostra por conveniência, considerando o número de academias cadastradas no Conselho Regional de Educação Física em São Luís, MA, no período de julho de 2011 a julho de 2012, composta por 723 praticantes de exercício físico. A variável dependente foi uso de suplementos e as variáveis explanatórias foram tempo e objetivo da prática de exercícios físicos, duração, objetivo e autopercepção do treino, frequência semanal na academia, sexo, idade, escolaridade, autopercepção do peso, fumo e autopercepção da alimentação. A associação das variáveis foram analisadas por regressão Poisson hierarquizada com base em modelo teórico.RESULTADOS Relataram utilizar algum tipo de suplemento, 64,7% praticantes. A maioria da amostra foi composta por homens (52,6%). A faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos foi mais frequente (74,4%). A maioria dos entrevistados (46,1%) praticava exercício físico há mais de um ano. As seguintes variáveis apresentaram associação com consumo de suplementos: considerar seu próprio peso abaixo do ideal (p < 0,001), ser fumante (p < 0,001), praticar o exercício físico de 7 a 12 meses (p = 0,028) ou por mais de um ano (p = 0,001), permanência na academia por mais de duas horas (p = 0,051) e considerar o seu próprio treino moderado (p = 0,024) ou intenso (p = 0,001).CONCLUSÕES O uso de suplementos não tem a devida orientação profissional, sendo motivada pelo individuo insatisfeito com o baixo peso corporal e que acredita ter um treino intenso, levantando à necessidade de acompanhamento desse público.