I Treated the Way You Treated Me: The Effect of Leader Hypocrisy on Employees' Voice Behavior.

Purpose: In recent years, due to the increasingly prominent role of voice behavior in leader decision-making and organizational performance, such behavior has become a central topic for scholars. A majority of studies explore the "uphold" effects of multiple leader behavior toward the voice behavior; nonetheless, our study revealed the "undo" effect --- leader hypocrisy on voice behavior. Drawing on social cognitive theory, we investigated the relationship between leader hypocrisy and voice behavior, examined the mediating effects of cognition-based trust and affect-based trust, and the moderating effect of moral identity. Patients and Methods: We conducted a three-wave survey in a large Chinese corporation to test the hypothesized model. We collected 562 employees to participate in this survey. Results: The results show that leader hypocrisy negatively impacts employees' cognition-based and affect-based trust, and both types of trust mediate the relationship between leader hypocrisy and voice behavior, respectively. In the meantime, moral identity manifested the negative effect of leader hypocrisy on cognition-based and affect-based trust. Conclusion: Our research not only enriches the related research on leader hypocrisy and voice behavior but also uncovers the underlying mechanism through which leader hypocrisy affects voice behavior and the boundary conditions of this effect. Meanwhile, our research provides a theoretical reference for increasing employees' voice behavior and promoting the healthy development of enterprises.

Frame-based versus robot-assisted stereo-electro-encephalography for drug-resistant epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is an effective presurgical invasive evaluation for drug-resistant epilepsies. The introduction of robotic devices provides a simplified, accurate, and safe alternative to the conventional SEEG technique. We report our institutional experience with robot-assisted SEEG and compare its in vivo accuracy, operation efficiency, and safety with the more traditional SEEG workflow. METHODS: All patients with medically refractory focal epilepsy who underwent SEEG depth electrode implantation between 2014 and 2022 were included in this study. Technical advancements of the robot-assisted technique are described. Analyses of patient demographics, electrode implantation accuracy, operation time, and procedure-related complications were performed. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-six patients underwent 167 SEEG procedures. The first 141 procedures were performed using a conventional approach involving a Leksell stereotactic system, and the last 26 procedures were robot-assisted. Among the 1726 depth electrodes that were inserted, the median entry point localization error was as follows: conventional (1.0 mm; range, 0.1-33.5 mm) and robot-assisted (1.1 mm; range, 0-4.8 mm) (P = 0.17). The median target point localization error was as follows: conventional (2.8 mm; range, 0.1-49 mm) and robot-assisted (1.8 mm; range, 0-30.3 mm) (P < 0.001). The median operation time was significantly reduced with the robot-assisted workflow (90 min vs. 77.5 min; P < 0.01). Total complication rates were as follows: conventional (17.7%) and robot-assisted (11.5%) (P = 0.57). Major complication rates were 3.5% and 7.7% (P = 0.77), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: SEEG is a safe and highly accurate method that provides essential guidance for epilepsy surgery. Implementing SEEG in conjunction with multimodal planning systems and robotic devices can further increase safety margin, surgical efficiency, and accuracy.

Corrigendum: The virus made me lose control: the impact of COVID-related work changes on employees' mental health, aggression, and interpersonal conflict.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1119389.].

The virus made me lose control: The impact of COVID-related work changes on employees' mental health, aggression, and interpersonal conflict.

Introduction: COVID-related work changes have seriously disrupted employees' familiar routines and hampered their lives and work. Although this topic has drawn rising attention, to our knowledge, limited studies have investigated the impact of COVID-related work changes on employees' mentality and behavior. In this paper, we developed a moderated mediation model based on ego depletion theory to test how and when COVID-related work changes impact employees' mental health, interpersonal conflict, and aggression behavior. Methods: We collected 536 valid participants by conducting a questionnaire survey in a large Chinese manufacturing company, and tested our proposed theoretical model and hypotheses using SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.1. Results: The empirical results showed that COVID-related work changes would harm employees' mental health and boost their interpersonal conflict and aggression via increasing their ego depletion. Moreover, trait resilience has an intervention in the relationship between COVID-related work changes and employees' ego depletion, which weakens the indirect impact of COVID-related work changes on mental health, interpersonal conflict, and aggression. Discussion: These findings suggest that although COVID-related work changes were inevitable, managers should take measures to improve the employees' mental status and avoid conflicts promptly while taking steps to keep organizations on track.

Learning robotic manipulation skills with multiple semantic goals by conservative curiosity-motivated exploration.

Reinforcement learning (RL) empowers the agent to learn robotic manipulation skills autonomously. Compared with traditional single-goal RL, semantic-goal-conditioned RL expands the agent capacity to accomplish multiple semantic manipulation instructions. However, due to sparsely distributed semantic goals and sparse-reward agent-environment interactions, the hard exploration problem arises and impedes the agent training process. In traditional RL, curiosity-motivated exploration shows effectiveness in solving the hard exploration problem. However, in semantic-goal-conditioned RL, the performance of previous curiosity-motivated methods deteriorates, which we propose is because of their two defects: uncontrollability and distraction. To solve these defects, we propose a conservative curiosity-motivated method named mutual information motivation with hybrid policy mechanism (MIHM). MIHM mainly contributes two innovations: the decoupled-mutual-information-based intrinsic motivation, which prevents the agent from being motivated to explore dangerous states by uncontrollable curiosity; the precisely trained and automatically switched hybrid policy mechanism, which eliminates the distraction from the curiosity-motivated policy and achieves the optimal utilization of exploration and exploitation. Compared with four state-of-the-art curiosity-motivated methods in the sparse-reward robotic manipulation task with 35 valid semantic goals, including stacks of 2 or 3 objects and pyramids, our MIHM shows the fastest learning speed. Moreover, MIHM achieves the highest 0.9 total success rate, which is up to 0.6 in other methods. Throughout all the baseline methods, our MIHM is the only one that achieves to stack three objects.

How and when perceived COVID-19 crisis strength impacts individuals' life satisfaction and sleep quality: A moderated mediation model.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused millions of deaths, seriously hampering people's lives and their productivity. Drawing on social information processing theory, this research developed a moderated mediation model to investigate the influence of perceived COVID-19 crisis strength on individuals' well-being. The results from a sample of 441 suggest that individuals' perceived COVID-19 crisis strength indirectly affects their life satisfaction and sleep quality via their perceived risk of being infected. Moreover, both individuals' trust in local government and mindfulness trait can buffer the positive effect of perceived COVID-19 crisis strength on their perceived risk of being infected. At the same time, they also buffer the indirect impact of individuals' perceived COVID-19 crisis strength on life satisfaction and sleep quality through perceived risk of being infected. This research provides several practical implications for governments and individuals to mitigate the negative influences of the COVID-19 pandemic and help individuals boost life satisfaction and sleep quality.

The impact of entrepreneurs' cognitive flexibility on the business performance of New Ventures: an empirical study based on Chinese New Ventures.

We developed a "thinking-behavior-outcome" logical framework to explore the effect of entrepreneurs' cognitive flexibility on dual innovation and the performance of new ventures, drawing on social cognitive theory, and collected data from a sample of 293 new ventures through a questionnaire to conduct an empirical analysis. We find that entrepreneurs' cognitive flexibility may indirectly affect the performance of new ventures by influencing their dual innovation activities; resource management capabilities positively moderate the relationship between entrepreneurs' cognitive flexibility and dual innovation. In addition, our study demonstrates that dual innovation equilibrium has a stronger effect on the performance of new ventures than single-dimensional innovation activities. Our study highlights the importance of entrepreneurial cognitive flexibility for new ventures to implement innovation strategies and improve performance. The findings not only help to clarify the relationship between entrepreneurs' cognitive flexibility and new venture performance and to enrich social cognitive theory, but they also provide new perspectives on responses to enhance dual innovation capabilities of new ventures under the influence of COVID-19. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-022-03532-x.

How Does Environmentally Specific Servant Leadership Fuel Employees' Low-Carbon Behavior? The Role of Environmental Self-Accountability and Power Distance Orientation.

Environmental problems caused by excessive carbon emissions are becoming increasingly prominent and have received heightened attention in recent years. Encouraging people to adopt low-carbon behavior to reduce carbon emissions is desirable. Based on social learning theory, we developed and tested a moderated mediation model to investigate when and how environmentally specific servant (ESS) leadership impacts employees' low-carbon behavior (i.e., private low-carbon behavior and public low-carbon behavior). We tested our theoretical framework with a sample of 483 subordinates and their direct supervisors working in northern China. The results indicate that ESS leadership is positively related to employees' low-carbon behavior, and that environmental self-accountability plays a mediating role in this relationship. In addition, power distance orientation strengthens the direct effects of ESS leadership on employees' environmental self-accountability and low-carbon behavior, as well as the indirect effect of ESS leadership on private low-carbon behavior via environmental self-accountability. Our findings contribute to the literature surrounding ESS leadership and low-carbon behavior, and help to promote green development and thus achieve the goals of carbon neutrality and decreasing carbon dioxide emissions.

Relationship between livestock exposure and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage in humans: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Although previous studies have suggested an association between livestock exposure and the risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage in humans, it remains unclear whether there is a dose-response relationship. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between livestock exposure and MRSA carriage. Pooled risk estimates were calculated using fixed-effects or random-effects models based on homogeneity analysis. A dose-response meta-analysis based on linear and non-linear regression was performed to explore the frequency-risk relationship between livestock exposure and MRSA carriage. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity among eligible studies. A total of 25 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Livestock exposure was significantly associated with an increased risk of MRSA carriage [odds ratio (OR) = 7.03, 95% confidence interval 4.29-11.52], and similar positive associations were observed for pig (OR = 11.41), poultry (OR = 6.20) and cattle (OR = 5.66) exposure. Regarding studies on ordinal and continuous frequency of livestock exposure, a monotonically increasing frequency-risk relationship between livestock (or pig) exposure and MRSA carriage was consistently observed. This study found a monotonically increasing frequency-risk relationship between livestock exposure and MRSA carriage, which provides evidence for potential livestock-to-human transmission of MRSA.

Relationship Between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Dose⁻Response Meta-Analysis.

Previous studies have suggested an association between secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and risk of depressive symptoms. However, it remains unclear whether there is a dose-response relationship. The effect estimates were pooled using fixed-effect or random-effect models based on homogeneity analysis. The dose-response meta-analysis was performed by linear and non-linear regression. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the possible sources of heterogeneity. Twenty-four studies were included in this meta-analysis. SHS exposure was significantly associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms (odds ratio (OR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-1.39). For SHS exposure expressed as an ordinal variable, the dose-response meta-analysis revealed a monotonically increasing relationship between SHS exposure and depressive symptoms. A similar dose-response relationship was observed for SHS exposure expressed as a continuous variable (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.26-1.87). Our findings suggest that SHS exposure is associated with increasing odds of depressive symptoms in a dose-response manner.

A molecular epidemiological study of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus contamination in the airport environment.

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes a wide variety of serious infections worldwide. There are few studies on the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and molecular characteristics of MRSA contamination in the environment of airports. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Guangzhou Baiyun Airport. Environmental surface sampling was conducted in frequently touched locations for S. aureus analysis. All isolates were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance genes, and virulence genes. Data were analyzed by chi-squared test and correspondence analysis. RESULTS: Of the 1,054 surface samples, the contamination rate was 7.2% (76/1,054) for S. aureus and 2.2% (23/1,054) for MRSA. There were 62.9% (56/89) S. aureus isolates classified as multidrug resistant (MDR), with six linezolid-resistant isolates and two cfr-carrying isolates. The most prevalent S. aureus genotypes were CC6 (ST6), CC59 (ST59), and CC188 (ST188), with ST59-MRSA-IV (pvl-) as the predominant MRSA. There were significant differences between methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive isolates in rates of resistance to tetracycline (P<0.001) and sek carriage (P=0.029). The correspondence analyses revealed significant corresponding relationships between genotypes and phenotype-genotype characteristics of S. aureus isolates. CONCLUSION: Our findings revealed a potential risk of cross-transmission of MRSA between human beings and environments, suggesting more stringent contamination control measures. In addition, this study revealed significant corresponding relationships between genotypes and phenotype-genotype characteristics of S. aureus isolates, which may provide new ideas for monitoring the latest epidemiological trends.

Phenotypic and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pigs: implication for livestock-association markers and vaccine strategies.

BACKGROUND: Routine non-therapeutic antimicrobial use and overcrowding in animal farming may facilitate the propagation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This study aimed to examine the carriage prevalence and phenotype-genotype characteristics of MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolated from pigs. METHODS: Nasal swabs were collected from 1,458 pigs in 9 pig farms and 3 slaughterhouses. All strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance genes, and virulence genes, and characterized by multilocus sequence typing. The correspondence analysis was conducted to explore the relationships between multiple phenotypic and molecular characteristics of S. aureus isolates. RESULTS: In the 1,458 pigs, the carriage prevalence was 9.5% for S. aureus, 3.3% for MRSA, and 9.3% for multidrug-resistant S. aureus. Notably, 97.1% S. aureus isolates were multidrug resistant, and the predominant resistance pattern was non-susceptible to clindamycin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. The predominant genotype was CC9 (ST9) for S. aureus and MRSA isolates. Importantly, all S. aureus isolates were negative for the scn gene and resistant to tetracycline. Notably, all 9 linezolid-resistant isolates were classified as multidrug resistance, including 1 expressing the cfr gene and 6 expressing the optrA gene. The correspondence analysis showed a significant relationship between clonal complexes and resistance pattern or virulence genes. For example, CC9 was associated with extensive drug-resistance and co-carrying chp, sak, and hlb, and CC1 was associated with multidrug resistance and co-carrying sak and hlb. CONCLUSION: The significant correspondence relationship between multiple characteristics provides some implication for vaccine strategies and new ideas for monitoring new epidemiologic clones.