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1.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 82(2): 108.e1-108.e3, feb. 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-131889

RESUMO

La atención del trabajo de parto en el agua como alternativa al parto tradicional es una práctica que se ha incrementado en muchos países. Se ha constatado que esta modalidad de parto es un método eficaz para disminuir el dolor y acortar el tiempo de dilatación. La American Academy of Pediatrics y The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists han publicado un informe clínico en el cual señalan los potenciales beneficios maternos durante la primera parte del parto pero ponen en entredicho la realización de esta técnica durante el expulsivo y el nacimiento del recién nacido. En este informe, la Sociedad Española de Neonatología y la Sociedad Española de Obstetricia y Ginecología analizan la evidencia científica disponible en la actualidad sobre la realización del parto bajo agua y el impacto que puede tener esta práctica en la madre y sobre todo en la salud del recién nacido


Immersion in water during labor and delivery as an alternative to traditional delivery is a practice that has increased in many countries. This technique is effective in reducinge pain and duration of labor. The American Academy of Pediatrics and The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists have published a clinical report which indicates the potential maternal benefits during the first stage of labor but, questions the performance ofthis technique during delivery and birth of the newborn. In this report, the Spanish Society of Neonatology and the Spanish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology analyze the current scientific evidence on water immersion delivery, and the impact this practice could have in the mother and especially in the wellbeing of newborn


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Trabalho de Parto/metabolismo , Imersão/efeitos adversos , Sociedades/ética , Sociedades/história , Trabalho de Parto/psicologia , Imersão/fisiopatologia , Sociedades/organização & administração , Sociedades , Espanha/etnologia
2.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 82(2): 108.e1-3, 2015 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25074709

RESUMO

Immersion in water during labor and delivery as an alternative to traditional delivery is a practice that has increased in many countries. This technique is effective in reducing pain and duration of labor. The American Academy of Pediatrics and The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists have published a clinical report which indicates the potential maternal benefits during the first stage of labor but, questions the performance of this technique during delivery and birth of the newborn. In this report, the Spanish Society of Neonatology and the Spanish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology analyze the current scientific evidence on water immersion delivery, and the impact this practice could have in the mother and especially in the wellbeing of newborn.


Assuntos
Parto Obstétrico/métodos , Parto Obstétrico/normas , Imersão , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Água
3.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 71(6): 510-513, dic. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-73451

RESUMO

La colestasis intrahepática familiar progresiva (CIFP) es un grupo heterogéneo de colestasis de herencia autosómica recesiva y se inicia en el período neonatal o en los primeros años de vida. Existen 3 formas de CIFP en relación con las distintas mutaciones a nivel de los genes del sistema de transporte hepatocelular causantes de la formación de la bilis. Suele afectar a los niños en edad escolar o a los adultos jóvenes. Las principales manifestaciones son colestasis, ictericia y prurito, con una evolución lenta de la enfermedad hepática hacia la fibrosis en los primeros años de vida adulta. El diagnóstico se basa en la sospecha clínica con hallazgos bioquímicos compatibles (la actividad gamma-glutamiltransferrasa es normal en las CIFP tipo 1 y 2, pero es elevada en las tipo 3), pruebas de imagen que descarten otras causas de colestasis y anatomía patológica confirmatoria. El tratamiento inicial consiste en medidas sintomáticas como el ácido ursodesoxicólico. La derivación biliar parcial y el by-pass ileal representan opciones terapéuticas intermedias. En los casos que no respondan a los tratamientos anteriores, el transplante hepático sería la opción con mayores perspectivas curativas y buenos resultados de supervivencia. A continuación presentamos el caso de un neonato con CIFP tipo 2 y una presentación clínica poco habitual en el período neonatal como es el fallo hepático (AU)


Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a heterogeneous group of autosomic-recessive inherited cholestatic disorders that begin in the neonatal period or in the first years of life. There are three types of PFIC defined by different mutations located in the gene responsible for the bile flow through the intrahepatic canalicular transporter system. These disorders usually present in children or young adults and the main clinical manifestations are cholestasis, jaundice and pruritus, and they progress slowly towards liver fibrosis in adult life. PFIC diagnosis is based on clinical suspicion, biochemical findings (that include normal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in type 1 and 2, but increased levels in type 3), image techniques that rule-out other disorders, and histological confirmation. Initial treatment consists of symptomatic relief of cholestatic symptoms with choleretic agents (urso-deoxycholic acid). Partial biliary derivation and ileal bypass are intermediate therapeutic options. In case of no response to these treatments, liver transplantation is indicated. We report the case of a neonate with PFIC type 2 presenting as a liver failure (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Colestase Intra-Hepática/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Hepática/diagnóstico , Transtornos Cromossômicos/diagnóstico , Ácido Ursodesoxicólico/uso terapêutico , Desvio Biliopancreático
4.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 71(6): 510-3, 2009 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19811957

RESUMO

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a heterogeneous group of autosomic-recessive inherited cholestatic disorders that begin in the neonatal period or in the first years of life. There are three types of PFIC defined by different mutations located in the gene responsible for the bile flow through the intrahepatic canalicular transporter system. These disorders usually present in children or young adults and the main clinical manifestations are cholestasis, jaundice and pruritus, and they progress slowly towards liver fibrosis in adult life. PFIC diagnosis is based on clinical suspicion, biochemical findings (that include normal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in type 1 and 2, but increased levels in type 3), image techniques that rule-out other disorders, and histological confirmation. Initial treatment consists of symptomatic relief of cholestatic symptoms with choleretic agents (urso-deoxycholic acid). Partial biliary derivation and ileal bypass are intermediate therapeutic options. In case of no response to these treatments, liver transplantation is indicated. We report the case of a neonate with PFIC type 2 presenting as a liver failure.


Assuntos
Colestase Intra-Hepática/complicações , Falência Hepática/etiologia , Colestase Intra-Hepática/genética , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino
5.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 70(6): 534-41, 2009 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19482567

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Advances in perinatology have been associated with improved survival of very low birth weight (VLBW;<1500 g) infants. These children have an increased risk of future neurological and development handicaps. A set of quality indicators have been recommended for the neurodevelopment follow-up programs in this group of patients. AIM: To analyze our neurodevelopment follow-up program according to these quality of care indicators in 5 post-discharge follow-up areas: general care; physical health; vision, hearing, speech and language; developmental and behaviour assessment; and psychosocial issues. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-one VLWB patients born in 2000 who have completed our 6-year follow-up program have been retrospectively studied. The agreement between our program and the standard of quality is evaluated. RESULTS: A copy of a discharge summary of the patient's neonatal course is present in the medical record in 92% of the cases. The inclusion of clinical data and general medical aspects in the medical summary is heterogeneous. Somatometric evaluation for the first two years of age is always present in a filled-in graphic. The international classification of the retinopathy of the preterm (RDP) is used in 100% of the patients. An ophthalmologic examination for RDP is performed in 72% (37/51) of the infants before hospital discharge; of the other 28%, only in 6 patients the date of the outpatient examination is present. Specific evaluations and interventions are performed within the recommended period of time in most of the children with suspected or neurosensory handicaps. More than ninety per cent of the patients are referred to the neurodevelopment specialist and most of them go to the visit (90.2% between 9 and 15 months and 78.4% between 21 and 30 months). Recommendations for a psycho-educational assessment are followed in the extremely premature (BW<1000 g and/or 28 weeks of gestational age) children. The number of patients who follow the program decreases with time. Psychosocial evaluation does not usually appear in the medical records of the patients. CONCLUSION: We have a good adherence to most of the recommended indicators in our follow-up program. The evaluation of these indicators is a useful tool to analyze the quality of a developmental follow-up program and to improve it.


Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil , Recém-Nascido de muito Baixo Peso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Sistema Nervoso/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Estudos Retrospectivos
6.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 70(6): 534-541, jun. 2009. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-60398

RESUMO

Introducción: Los avances en la perinatología condicionan un aumento del número de recién nacidos de muy bajo peso (RNMBP) (<1.500g) que sobreviven, con el consiguiente riesgo futuro de presentar problemas en el desarrollo. Se han propuesto unos indicadores de calidad para evaluar los programas de seguimiento en este grupo de pacientes. Objetivo: Analizar el cumplimiento de estos indicadores en el programa de seguimiento del neurodesarrollo para los RNMBP de este centro. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo de los 51 RNMBP nacidos en el 2000 e incluidos en el programa de seguimiento hasta los 6 años de edad. Se evaluó el cumplimiento de los indicadores en las siguientes áreas: inclusión de datos en la epicrítica; aspectos médicos generales; evaluación visual, auditiva, de la comunicación y del lenguaje; evaluación del desarrollo y del comportamiento; valoración psicosocial. Resultados: Se adjuntó la epicrítica a la historia clínica en el 92% de los casos; el cumplimiento de los datos médicos generales fue heterogéneo. La valoración somatométrica durante los primeros 2 años quedó reflejada en una gráfica. Se utilizó siempre la clasificación internacional de retinopatía. A 37 (72%) de los 51 pacientes se les realizó el fondo de ojo durante el ingreso; sólo en 6 de los 14 restantes se explicitó la fecha de la visita ambulatoria. Se cumplió con los plazos máximos recomendados para la valoración por los especialistas cuando se detectó algún déficit. Se envió a más del 90% de los pacientes al neuropediatra y la gran mayoría acudió a la consulta (el 90,2% entre los 9 y los 15 meses, y el 78,4% entre los 21 y los 30 meses). Se cumplió con las recomendaciones de una valoración psicológica sistemática en los prematuros extremos. La evaluación psicosocial quedó poco reflejada en la historia clínica. Conclusiones: Este programa de seguimiento para RNMBP cumple con la mayoría de los indicadores de calidad propuestos. El análisis de éstos es una herramienta muy útil para evaluar y mejorar los programas de seguimiento para este grupo de pacientes (AU)


Introduction: Advances in perinatology have been associated with improved survival of very low birth weight (VLBW;<1500g) infants. These children have an increased risk of future neurological and development handicaps. A set of quality indicators have been recommended for the neurodevelopment follow-up programs in this group of patients. Aim: To analyze our neurodevelopment follow-up program according to these quality of care indicators in 5 post-discharge follow-up areas: general care; physical health; vision, hearing, speech and language; developmental and behaviour assesment; and psychosocial issues. Patients and methods: Fifty-one VLWB patients born in 2000 who have completed our 6-year follow-up program have been retrospectively studied. The agreement between our program and the standard of quality is evaluated. Results: A copy of a discharge summary of the patient's neonatal course is present in the medical record in 92% of the cases. The inclusion of clinical data and general medical aspects in the medical summary is heterogeneous. Somatometric evaluation for the first two years of age is always present in a filled-in graphic. The international classification of the retinopathy of the preterm (RDP) is used in 100% of the patients. An ophthalmologic examination for RDP is performed in 72% (37/51) of the infants before hospital discharge; of the other 28%, only in 6 patients the date of the outpatient examination is present. Specific evaluations and interventions are performed within the recommended period of time in most of the children with suspected or neurosensory handicaps. More than ninety per cent of the patients are referred to the neurodevelopment specialist and most of them go to the visit (90.2% between 9 and 15 months and 78.4% between 21 and 30 months). Recommendations for a psycho-educational assessment are followed in the extremely premature (BW<1000g and/or 28 weeks of gestational age) children. The number of patients who follow the program decreases with time. Psychosocial evaluation does not usually appear in the medical records of the patients. Conclusion: We have a good adherence to most of the recommended indicators in our follow-up program. The evaluation of these indicators is a useful tool to analyze the quality of a developmental follow-up program and to improve it (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido de muito Baixo Peso/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sistema Nervoso/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Recém-Nascido Prematuro/psicologia , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Seguimentos
11.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 65(4): 377-80, 2006 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17020731

RESUMO

The use of percutaneous central venous catheters in neonatal intensive care units is becoming increasingly common. Numerous studies support the safety and effectiveness of the use of these catheters for the infusion of parenteral nutrition or medication. We describe a male patient with a gestational age of 32 weeks who showed swelling of the external genitals during the fifth day of life. The etiology was initially thought to be infectious. A review of X-rays revealed the introduction of the silastic catheter to the spermatic vessels. When the catheter was withdrawn, the genital swelling disappeared in a few hours. The most frequently described complications associated with percutaneous central venous catheters are infectious. Other complications that have been described are thrombosis, embolism, and perforation of the catheter with leakage of fluid to the extravascular space. The case described herein is an unusual complication that has not been previously described and resulted from poor positioning of the catheter tip. Diagnostic delay can cause serious complications.


Assuntos
Cateterismo Venoso Central/efeitos adversos , Cateteres de Demora/efeitos adversos , Edema/etiologia , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/etiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Edema/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/diagnóstico , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Escroto
12.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 65(4): 377-380, oct. 2006. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-051411

RESUMO

El uso de catéteres venosos centrales de acceso periférico percutáneo tipo sylastic, es cada vez más habitual en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales. Numerosos estudios avalan la eficacia y seguridad del uso de estos catéteres para la infusión de nutrición parenteral o fármacos. Se describe un prematuro de 32 semanas que presenta al quinto día de vida tumefacción en genitales externos e inicialmente se orienta el cuadro como infeccioso. Revisando las radiografías, se observa introducción del catéter sylastic hasta los vasos espermáticos. Con la retirada del catéter desaparece la tumefacción en pocas horas. Las complicaciones más frecuentemente descritas asociadas a catéteres venosos centrales percutáneos son las infecciosas. Otras complicaciones son: trombosis, embolismo y perforación del catéter con salida de líquido al espacio extravascular. El caso que presentamos es una rara complicación, no descrita anteriormente, consecuencia de un mal posicionamiento de la punta del catéter. Una demora diagnóstica puede tener complicaciones graves


The use of percutaneous central venous catheters in neonatal intensive care units is becoming increasingly common. Numerous studies support the safety and effectiveness of the use of these catheters for the infusion of parenteral nutrition or medication. We describe a male patient with a gestational age of 32 weeks who showed swelling of the external genitals during the fifth day of life. The etiology was initially thought to be infectious. A review of X-rays revealed the introduction of the silastic catheter to the spermatic vessels. When the catheter was withdrawn, the genital swelling disappeared in a few hours. The most frequently described complications associated with percutaneous central venous catheters are infectious. Other complications that have been described are thrombosis, embolism, and perforation of the catheter with leakage of fluid to the extravascular space. The case described herein is an unusual complication that has not been previously described and resulted from poor positioning of the catheter tip. Diagnostic delay can cause serious complications


Assuntos
Masculino , Lactente , Humanos , Cateterismo Venoso Central/efeitos adversos , Cateteres de Demora/efeitos adversos , Edema/etiologia , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/etiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Edema/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/diagnóstico , Escroto
13.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 62(11): 516-519, dic. 2004. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-37574

RESUMO

Los objetivos de este estudio son conocer la prevalencia de recién nacidos con diagnóstico prenatal de ectasia piélica, determinar la frecuencia de sus distintos grados y analizar su evolución posterior. Se analizaron retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de los pacientes diagnosticados de ectasia piélica por ecografía prenatal. Se detectó ectasia piélica en la ecografía prenatal en un 6,4 por ciento de recién nacidos vivos (n= 54), con claro predominio masculino (un 80 por ciento). La mayoría de las ectasias detectadas fueron de grado leve. Una tercera parte de las ectasias diagnosticadas prenatalmente se normalizaron a los 6 meses de vida. Se detectó una baja frecuencia de enfermedad asociada: 4 casos de reflujo vesicoureteral, 3 de infección del tracto urinario y 3 que precisaron tratamiento quirúrgico (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Masculino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Pielite , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal/métodos , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/complicações , Infecções Urinárias/complicações , Pielite/epidemiologia
14.
Rev Neurol ; 38(9): 808-12, 2004.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15152346

RESUMO

AIM: To study retrospectively all newborns admitted between 1992 and 1998 in our Neonatology Unit with convulsions before 30 days of life. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 77 patients, 63.6% male, with an average gestational age of 36.42 weeks, and an average birth weight of 2,653 g. Apgar score at five minutes was below 4 in 4 newborns. RESULTS: In 35 patients the first convulsion occurred in the first 48 hours of life, 7 patients showed status epilepticus. There was a single type of seizure in 49 newborns (65.3%), specially tonic and clonic (multifocal and focal). Head ultrasound was abnormal in 33 newborn, CT scan and/or MRI abnormal in 24, EEG was pathologic in 55. Phenobarbital was the initial treatment in 81.8%, half of them required a therapeutical change. 34 patients (55.7%) still received treatment at hospital discharge. The etiology was hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (39%), though less important than in previous studies, intracranial hemorrhage (13%), central nervous system malformations (9%), among other. 16 patients died, 35 showed an abnormal outcome (45.4%): cognitive delay in 24, epilepsy in 19, motor abnormalities in 12. CONCLUSION: The worst outcome was found in malformations, meningitis, intracranial hemorrhages, metabolic diseases and hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, while the best in hypoglycemia and in benign idiopathic neonatal seizures.


Assuntos
Espasmos Infantis/diagnóstico , Espasmos Infantis/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Eletroencefalografia , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Fenobarbital/uso terapêutico , Gravidez , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espasmos Infantis/tratamento farmacológico , Espasmos Infantis/etiologia , Estado Epiléptico/diagnóstico , Estado Epiléptico/tratamento farmacológico , Estado Epiléptico/fisiopatologia , Resultado do Tratamento
15.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 38(9): 808-812, 1 mayo, 2004. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-33115

RESUMO

Objetivo. Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes atendidos en nuestra Unidad de Neonatología, en el período 1992-1998, con convulsiones neonatales iniciadas antes de los 30 días. Pacientes y métodos. 77 pacientes (63,6 por ciento sexo masculino), edad gestacional media 36,42 semanas, peso medio de nacimiento 2.653 g. Test de Apgar a los 5 minutos inferior a 4 en cuatro casos. Resultados. En 35 pacientes (47,3 por ciento) la primera crisis se manifestó en las primeras 48 horas de vida, siete pacientes presentaron estado de mal convulsivo. Se describió un único tipo de crisis en 49 neonatos (65,3 por ciento), especialmente tónicas, y clónicas (multifocales y focales). Ecografía craneal transfontanelar anormal en 33 casos, TAC o RM alteradas en 24, EEG patológico en 55. Se inició tratamiento con fenobarbital en el 81,8 por ciento, la mitad requirió una modificación terapéutica; 34 pacientes (55,7 por ciento) prosiguieron tratamiento anticonvulsionante al alta. Diagnóstico de encefalopatía hipoxicoisquémica (39 por ciento), aunque con menor incidencia respecto a series previas, hemorragia intracraneal (13 por ciento), y malformaciones del sistema nervioso central (9 por ciento). 16 pacientes fallecieron, manifestaron secuelas 35 (45,4 por ciento): afectación cognitiva 24, epilepsia 19, afectación motora 12. Conclusión. Se observa peor evolución en malformaciones del sistema nervioso central, meningitis, hemorragias intracraneales, metabolopatías y encefalopatía hipoxicoisquémica, mientras que en hipoglucemias y en las convulsiones neonatales idiopáticas benignas el pronóstico es mejor (AU)


Aim. To study retrospectively all newborns admitted between 1992 and 1998 in our Neonatology Unit with convulsions before 30 days of life. Patients and methods. 77 patients, 63,6% male, with an average gestational age of 36.42 weeks, and an average birth weight of 2,653 g. Apgar score at five minutes was below 4 in 4 newborns. Results. In 35 patients the first convulsion occurred in the firsts 48 hours of life, 7 patients showed status epilepticus. There was a single type of seizure in 49 newborns (65.3%), specially tonic and clonic (multifocal and focal). Head ultrasound was abnormal in 33 newborn, CT scan or MRI abnormal in 24, EEG was pathologic in 55. Phenobarbital was the initial treatment in 81.8%, half of them required a therapeutical change. 34 patients (55.7%) still received treatment at hospital discharge. The etiology was hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (39%), though less important than in previous studies, intracranial hemorrhage (13%), central nervous system malformations (9%), among other. 16 patients died, 35 showed an abnormal outcome (45.4%): cognitive delay in 24, epilepsy in 19, motor abnormalities in 12. Conclusion. The worst outcome was found in malformations, meningitis, intracranial hemorrhages, metabolic diseases and hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, while the best in hypoglycemia and in benign idiopathic neonatal seizures (AU)


Assuntos
Gravidez , Adulto , Lactente , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Idade Gestacional , Anticonvulsivantes , Eletroencefalografia , Fenobarbital , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espasmos Infantis , Estado Epiléptico , Resultado do Tratamento , Prognóstico
16.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 59(5): 454-61, 2003 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14588218

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Because of improved obstetric and neonatal care, there is growing interest in the later outcome of very low birth weight newborns. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival rate of very low birth weight newborns and to identify disabilities at the age of 2 years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, follow-up study was performed of neonates with a birth weight of under 1,500 grams born between 1998 and 1999. The follow-up program included pediatric, maturative, neurological, psychological, ophthalmological, and audiological evaluation. Neurosensorial disabilities were classified as mild, moderate, or severe. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-six very low birth weight newborns were admitted. The survival rate was 77.9 % and 83.9 % completed the follow-up to the age of 2 years. The neurosensorial disability rate was 20.2 %; disability was severe in 9 %, moderate in 1.1 %, and mild in 10.1 %. In patients lost to follow-up, birth weight was higher, gestational age was older, and sonographic findings were more frequently normal. CONCLUSION: Survival in very low birth weight newborns has increased with improved neonatal care. The presence of sequelae was similar to that found in other follow-up studies. A substantial number of patients were lost to follow up, which influenced the disability rates.


Assuntos
Recém-Nascido de muito Baixo Peso , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/mortalidade , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Taxa de Sobrevida
17.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 59(5): 454-461, nov. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-24540

RESUMO

Antecedentes: Existe un interés creciente en el seguimiento de los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso al nacimiento con la mejoría de la asistencia obstétrica y neonatal. Objetivos: Evaluar las cifras de supervivencia de los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso, junto con la proporción y los tipos de secuelas que se observan a los 2 años de edad. Material y métodos Estudio observacional de seguimiento de los recién nacidos de menos de 1.500 g nacidos entre los años 1998-1999. Se evalúan los datos obtenidos en el programa de seguimiento compuesto por visitas a pediatría, maduración, neurología, psicología y oftalmología; y la realización de potenciales evocados visuales y auditivos. Las secuelas obtenidas se clasifican en leves, moderadas o graves. Resultados: Ingresan un total de 136 recién nacidos de muy bajo peso. La supervivencia es del 77,9 por ciento. Completaron el seguimiento hasta los 2 años un 83,9 por ciento de los supervivientes. La aparición de secuelas se observa en el 20,2 por ciento de los niños, de las cuales el 9 por ciento son graves, el 1,1 por ciento moderadas y el 10,1 por ciento leves. Los pacientes perdidos en el seguimiento presentan mayor peso al nacimiento, mayor edad gestacional y mayor normalidad ecográfica que los pacientes seguidos. Conclusión: Se obtiene un incremento en la supervivencia de los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso con la mejoría de los cuidados neonatales. La presencia de secuelas es similar a la obtenida en otros estudios de seguimiento. Se considera relevante la muestra de pacientes perdidos y su influencia en los porcentajes de secuelas obtenidas (AU)


Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido de muito Baixo Peso , Taxa de Sobrevida , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso , Seguimentos
18.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 58(5): 471-7, 2003 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12724081

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a cause of neurosensorial morbidity. OBJECTIVES: To study the incidence, associated risks factors, treatment, and outcome of ROP in premature infants born at less than 32 weeks in our hospital. METHODS: We performed a descriptive study of patients born between the January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2001, in Sant Joan de Déu Hospital in Barcelona (Spain) at <= 32 weeks of gestation who survived until their first month of life. An ocular evaluation was performed between weeks 4 and 6 of life and was repeated every 1-2 weeks until retinal vascularization was complete. Ocular sequelae and visual function were evaluated. Bivariate comparison of groups with and without ROP was performed. RESULTS: Of the 324 patients evaluated, 74 presented ROP (22.8 %), of which 63 patients (21.7 %) were classified as stage 1 or 2 and 11 (3.7 %) as stage 3. An inverse correlation between the incidence of retinopathy and weight and gestational age was found. Threshold disease (3 plus) was detected in 9 patients (16 eyes; 3.1 % of the study sample and 12.1 % of the neonates with retinopathy). All of these neonates were treated with laser therapy. Ocular sequelae were mild in 2.7 % of the patients, moderate in 0.6 % and severe in 0.6 %. The visual function (n 236) of infants with ROP (n 74) was altered in 4 patients (1.7 %). Of these, alterations were severe in 2 patients (0.8 %). Bivariate analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.001) in low birth weight, gestational age, days of oxygen therapy, days of mechanical ventilation, days of antibiotic therapy, and number of blood transfusions. CONCLUSIONS: In this study the incidence of ROP was similar to that in other centers. Development of ROP was strongly associated with its various risk factors. Severe stages were not seen above 30 weeks of gestational age. The results of laser therapy were optimal, with fewer alterations in ocular examination and visual function than those estimated in patients without treatment.


Assuntos
Retinopatia da Prematuridade/diagnóstico , Cegueira/epidemiologia , Cegueira/etiologia , Área Programática de Saúde , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Terapia a Laser , Fotocoagulação/métodos , Retinopatia da Prematuridade/complicações , Retinopatia da Prematuridade/mortalidade , Espanha/epidemiologia , Taxa de Sobrevida , Transtornos da Visão/etiologia , Transtornos da Visão/terapia , Acuidade Visual
19.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 58(5): 471-477, mayo 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-21072

RESUMO

Antecedentes: La retinopatía del prematuro (ROP) es una causa de morbilidad neurosensorial. Objetivos Estudiar la incidencia, factores de riesgo asociados, tratamiento y evolución de la retinopatía de la prematuridad en recién nacidos pretérmino menores de 32 semanas procedentes de nuestro hospital. Métodos: Pacientes nacidos entre 1 de enero de 1995 y 31 de diciembre de 2001 en el Hospital Sant Joan de Déu (Barcelona) con 32 semanas de edad gestacional, que han sobrevivido hasta el mes de vida. Se les realizó fondo de ojo entre las 4 y 6 semanas de vida, continuando con el examen cada 1-2 semanas, hasta su completa vascularización. Seguimiento evolutivo de las secuelas del fondo de ojo y función visual. Estudio descriptivo con comparación bivariable entre los grupos con y sin ROP. Resultados: De los 324 casos estudiados, 74 presentaron ROP (22,8 por ciento), de los cuales se clasificaron de estadios 1 y 2 a 63 pacientes (21,7 por ciento) y de estadio 3 a 11 (3,7 por ciento). Se evidenció una correlación inversa entre la incidencia de retinopatía y el peso o la edad gestacional. El estadio umbral (3 plus) se detectó en 9 casos (16 ojos) (3,1 por ciento de la muestra de estudio y 12,1 por ciento de los recién nacidos afectados de retinopatía) que se trataron con fotocoagulación con láser. Las secuelas del fondo de ojo fueron leves en el 2,7 por ciento de pacientes, moderadas en el 0,6 por ciento y graves en el 0,6 por ciento. La función visual (n 236) de los recién nacidos con ROP (n 74) se encontró alterada en 4 pacientes (1,7 por ciento de los explorados) de los cuales fue grave en 2 (0,8 por ciento). En el análisis bivariante, el bajo peso al nacer, la edad gestacional, días de oxigenoterapia y ventilación mecánica, días de antibiótico, número de transfusiones de sangre mostraron diferencias significativas (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: En este estudio la incidencia de ROP es similar a la de otros centros y se ve una fuerte asociación a distintos factores de riesgo para su aparición. No se observan estadios graves a partir de las 30 semanas. Los resultados de la fotocoagulación con láser son óptimos, con disminución de las secuelas en el fondo de ojo y en la función visual las estimadas sin tratamiento (AU)


Assuntos
Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Humanos , Espanha , Transtornos da Visão , Taxa de Sobrevida , Cegueira , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Fotocoagulação , Terapia a Laser , Idade Gestacional , Acuidade Visual , Retinopatia da Prematuridade , Área Programática de Saúde
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