[Multi-centre clinical assessment of the Russian language version of the Diagnostic Interview for Psychoses]. / Mnogotsentrovoe klinicheskoe issledovanie russkoiazychnoi versii diagnosticheskogo interv'iu dlia psikhozov.

OBJECTIVES: The Diagnostic Interview for Psychoses (DIP) was developed to enhance the quality of diagnostic assessment of psychotic disorders. The aim of the study was the adaptation of the Russian language version and evaluation of its validity and reliability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety-eight patients with psychotic disorders (89 video recordings) were assessed by 12 interviewers using the Russian version of DIP at 7 clinical sites (in 6 cities of the Russian Federation). DIP ratings on 32 cases of a randomized case sample were made by 9 interviewers and the inter-rater reliability was compared with the researchers' DIP ratings. Overall pairwise agreement and Cohen's kappa were calculated. Diagnostic validity was evaluated on the basis of comparing the researchers' ratings using the Russian version of DIP with the 'gold standard' ratings of the same 62 clinical cases from the Western Australia Family Study Schizophrenia (WAFSS). RESULTS: The mean duration of the interview was 47±21 minutes. The Kappa statistic demonstrated a significant or almost perfect level of agreement on the majority of DIP items (84.54%) and a significant agreement for the ICD-10 diagnoses generated by the DIP computer diagnostic algorithm (κ=0.68; 95% CI 0.53,0.93). The level of agreement on the researchers' diagnoses was considerably lower (κ=0.31; 95% CI 0.06,0.56). The agreement on affective and positive psychotic symptoms was significantly higher than agreement on negative symptoms (F(2,44)=20.72, p<0.001, η2=0.485). The diagnostic validity of the Russian language version of DIP was confirmed by 73% (45/62) of the Russian DIP diagnoses matching the original WAFSS diagnoses. Among the mismatched diagnoses were 80 cases with a diagnosis of F20 Schizophrenia in the medical documentation compared to the researchers' F20 diagnoses in only 68 patients and in 62 of the DIP computerized diagnostic outputs. The reported level of subjective difficulties experienced when using the DIP was low to moderate. CONCLUSION: The results of the study confirm the validity and reliability of the Russian version of the DIP for evaluating psychotic disorders. DIP can be recommended for use in education and training, clinical practice and research as an important diagnostic resource.

[THE EXPRESSION OF TLR-4 GENE MONONUCLEAR CELLS PERIPHERAL BLOOO IN PATIENTS BY HIGH RISK OF PURULENT-INFLAMMATORY COMPLICATIONS AFTER SURGERY FOR ACUTE DISEASES OF THE ABDOMINAL ORGANS].

The specified level of gene expression TLR-4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 77 patients operated on acute diseases of the abdominal organs in the 1st and the 4th day after surgery was determined. Established dynamic changes of gene expression TLR-4. Adverse course early postoperative period in patients initially high and medium risk of purulent-septic complications was accompanied by activation of gene expression TLR-4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

[Incidence of odontogenic phlegmon associated with polymorphic variant 896A/G of gene TLR4, but not with 2258G/A of gene TLR2].

The problem actuality is caused by significant enhancement of the incidence rate for inflammatory diseases of the head and neck tissues, first of all of the oral cavity floor abscesses and phlegmons, which causes severe forms of mediastinitis while inadequate treatment. The authors have had established, that Toll-like receptors (TLR) initiate a cascade of anti-inflammatory reactions of the inborn immunity, followed by synthesis of a certain cytokines, and their genetic polymorphism changes the immune reactivity of the organism. Trustworthy correlation of the gene TLR4 (rs4986790) polymorphism 896A/G was proved with high risk of the odontogenic phlegmon of the oral cavity floor occurrence, what would permit to prognosticate the disease course in early terms, to optimize the schemes of its prophylaxis and treatment.

[Polymorphism 896A/G of TLR4 gene rather than 1196C/T and 2258G/A of TLR2 gene determines severe and complicated course of atopic dermatitis in children].

The prevalence of TLR2 gene polymorphisms 2258G/A, 896A/G and 1196C/T of TLR4 gene in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) as compared to the control group has been examined. Results of the distribution analysis of genotypes and alleles of TLR2 and TLR4 genes explicitly show that TLR4 gene mutant allele 896G is detected more frequently in children with AD with increased susceptibility to acute viral respiratory infections (9.3%) as compared to the control group (chi2 = 4.33; p = 0.038). Analysis of association of clinical manifestations of the disease showed a greater frequency of a light flow of blood pressure (p = 0.0001)--the children of AD patients with normal resistance of the organism; a greater frequency of the disease an average severity (p =.0.0033), concomitant allergic rhinitis (AR) and/or bronchial asthma (BA) (p = 0.0355), concomitant AR (p = 0.0673)--in patients with AD with increased susceptibility to acute viral respiratory infections. In AD patients with a mutant allele of the gene TLR4 896G frequently identified: a severe course of disease (p = 0.0485) associated adenoid vegetation in conjunction with AR and/or BA (p = 0.0248), concomitant adenoid vegetation in conjunction with the AR (p = 0.0053) compared with patients with "wild" allele.

[Quantitative analysis of individual groups of microorganisms, extracted from atherosclerotic lesions in the coronary arteries in patients depending upon ASP299GLY polymorphism of TLR4 gene].

The estimation data of contamination by separate groups of microorganisms and dependence of the microbial content level upon TLR4 gene 896A/G polymorphism in 20 samples of atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries has been presented. The presence of TLR4 gene polymorphic allele G in the individual genotype determines the increased contamination of atherosclerotic plaque tissues by the representatives of the following genera: Lactobacillus sp., Enterobacterium sp., Sneathia sp./Leptotrihia sp./Fusobacterium sp., Mobiluncus sp./Corynebacterium sp., Peptostreptococcus sp. The emergence of new correlation pairs with participation of Lachnobacterium sp./Corynebacterium sp. among the carriers of G allele has been revealed via the intragroup correlation analysis. The obtained results confirm the possible involvement of the represented groups of microorganisms in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and the role of the TLR4 gene polymorphic variant G in the increased microbial contamination of the coronary arteries tissues.

[Relationship of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 genes polymorphisms with allergic diseases with increased levels of specific IgE].

The aim of the research was to identify the role of genes polymorphisms encoding TLR2 (NP_003255.2) and TLR4 (NP_612564.1) in the increase of the specific IgE production level and development of allergic diseases. Genetic typing of genome specific regions was performed by polymerase chain reaction method using specific oligonucleotide primers. The obtained results display that the most significant causative allergens are epidermal and household allergens (epidermis of cat, dog and horse, D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus). The relationship of polymorphisms TLR2 (rs5743708) and TLR4 (rs4986790) with increased production of specific IgE in patients with allergic diseases was also observed.

[Relationship of TLR2 and TLR4 gene polymorphism with a penchant for individual urogenital infections].

We investigated the population prevalence of polymorphisms of Arg753Gln TLR2gene, and Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile TLR4 genes among people living in the Poltava region, as well as data communication polymorphisms with the presence of diseases caused by urogenital infections. The group of population control was a random sample of residents of the Poltava region (n = 299). The group of patients with urogenital diseases included 156 people. Genotyping of these groups TLR2 Arg753Gln polymorphism and the gene TLR4 Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile was performed using PCR and subsequent restriction analysis. Statistically significant association of allele A ofgene TLR2 (p = 0.0018) and allele G of gene TLR4 (p = 0.085) with the presence of urogenital diseases was confirmed.

[Detection of ambulatory alimentary-dependent risk factors in patients with arterial hypertension].

In total 256 patients with arterial hypertension were examined in one of the districts of out-patients clinic. Preventive clinical investigation revealed high frequency of nutrition disorders, overweight, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. On the base of these results necessary size and character of dieteologic intervention were evaluated. 90.2% patients with arterial hypertension need overweight and obesity correction, 90.3%--correction of hypercholesterolemia. It was determined that by majority patients recommendations must be aimed to decrease of fat consumption, cholesterol, simple carbohydrates, salt and vegetables and fruits.

[Analysis of main functional parameters of the national system for mandatory social insurance against workmen's occupational risks]. / Analiz osnovnykh pokazatelei raboty otechestvennoi sistemy obiazatel'nogo sotsial'nogo strakhovaniia professional'nykh riskov.

The article covers first published main parameters of management and practical activities of national system for mandatory social insurance of workmen's occupational risks within a Federal Law No 125-FL "On mandatory social insurance against occupational accidents and diseases". The authors present dynamics of insurers (employers) registration, values of allocation rates, dynamics and structure of insurance payments, results of investigations on traumatism and occupational diseases. The suggestions are ways to improve the existing system from occupational medicine viewpoint.

[The dynamic nature of the nutrition of the population of 1 of the districts of Moscow over a 10-year period]. / Dinamika kharaktera pitaniia naseleniia odnogo iz raionov Moskvy za 10-letnii period.

On the basis of three-multiple research of character of a feed of the inhabitants of one of Moscow district by the standardized method of the 24-th hour interrogation reveals significant changes in structure of a feed of the population from 1986 to 1996. The shifts have appeared more dynamical in the second five-year from 1991 to 1996. Nevertheless, atherogenicity of ration of a researched population with superfluous consumption of the saturated fats and simple carbohydrates remains. Is established, in a feed of the women there were large shifts, than at the men. The structure of a feed of the inhabitants of Moscow differed from structure of a feed of the inhabitants of Russia.

[Sources of energy values and contribution of various products to maintenance of chemical contents of the diet of an unorganized population of Moscow]. / Istochniki énergeticheskoi tsennosti i vklad razlichnykh produktov v obespechenie khimicheskogo sostava ratsiona neorganizovannoi populiatsii Moskvy.

With use of a method of daily reproduction at representative sample of an unorganized population of inhabitants of Moscow the sources of energy value and contribution of various products to supply organism by the basic food substances (protein, fats, carbohydrates and cholesterol) are investigated. Is established that the nutrition structure is obviously debalanced. More quarters of daily diet energy is provided for consumption of animal fats and simple sugars. Is shown that the main part of fat (2/3) enters in organism as the "latent" fats of animal products, the fats "in the pure form" half consist from butters. The main source of the saturated fats and cholesterol for men are meat, and for women--the dairy products. 12% researched refuse purified sugars.

[Structure of nutrition of one of Moscow's districts and its relationship to risk factors of chronic noninfectious diseases from the standpoint of medical prevention]. / Struktura pitaniia naseleniia odnogo iz raionov Moskvy i ee sviaz' s faktorami riska khronicheskikh neinfektsionnykh zabolevanii v aspekte razvitiia meditsinskoi profilaktiki.

Dietary intake was studied in 295 of Moscow's residents by 24-hour recall method. High level of animal fat, sugar and cholesterol (Ch) were found in diet of man and women. Energy intake of men is higher than that of women at the expense of animal fat and protein. Women consume less amount of cholesterol-containing food. The levels of serum Ch, HDLP-Ch, triglycerides are in close relation with blood pressure values. The levels of serum Ch, HDLP-Ch, systolic and diastolic blood pressure are connected with variables of age and body mass index.