Trends on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii growth regimes and bioproducts.

The green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a model microorganism for several areas of study. Among the different microalgae species, it presents advantageous characteristics, such as genomes completely sequenced and well-established techniques for genetic transformation. Despite that, C. reinhardtii production is still not easily commercially viable, especially due to the low biomass yield. So far there are no reports of scientometric study focusing only on C. reinhardtii biomass production process. Considering the need for culture optimization, a scientometric research was conducted to analyze the papers that investigated the growth regimes effects in C. reinhardtii cultivation. The search resulted in 130 papers indexed on Web of Science and Scopus platforms from 1969 to December 2022. The quantitative analysis indicated that the photoautotrophic regime was the most employed in the papers. However, when comparing the three growth regimes, the mixotrophic one led to the highest production of biomass, lipids, and heterologous protein. The production of bioproducts was considered the main objective of most of the papers and, among them, biomass was the most frequently investigated. The highest biomass production reported among the papers was 40 g L-1 in the heterotrophic growth of a transgenic strain. Other culture conditions were also crucial for C. reinhardtii growth, for instance, temperature and cultivation process.

Are female scientists underrepresented in self-retractions for honest error?

Retractions are among the effective measures to strengthen the self-correction of science and the quality of the literature. When it comes to self-retractions for honest errors, exposing one's own failures is not a trivial matter for researchers. However, self-correcting data, results and/or conclusions has increasingly been perceived as a good research practice, although rewarding such practice challenges traditional models of research assessment. In this context, it is timely to investigate who have self-retracted for honest error in terms of country, field, and gender. We show results on these three factors, focusing on gender, as data are scarce on the representation of female scientists in efforts to set the research record straight. We collected 3,822 retraction records, including research articles, review papers, meta-analyses, and letters under the category "error" from the Retraction Watch Database for the 2010-2021 period. We screened the dataset collected for research articles (2,906) and then excluded retractions by publishers, editors, or third parties, and those mentioning any investigation issues. We analyzed the content of each retraction manually to include only those indicating that they were requested by authors and attributed solely to unintended mistakes. We categorized the records according to country, field, and gender, after selecting research articles with a sole corresponding author. Gender was predicted using Genderize, at a 90% probability threshold for the final sample (n = 281). Our results show that female scientists account for 25% of self-retractions for honest error, with the highest share for women affiliated with US institutions.

Perceptions of plagiarism among PhDs across the sciences, engineering, humanities, and arts: Results from a national survey in Brazil.

Plagiarism allegations are not rare in the history of science, and credit for prior work was and continues to be a source of disputes, involving notions of priority of discovery and of plagiarism. However, consensus over what constitutes plagiarism among scientists from different fields cannot be taken for granted. We conducted a national survey exploring perceptions of plagiarism among PhD holders registered in the database of the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. This survey was sent to 143,405 PhD holders across the fields, in the sciences, engineering, humanities, and arts, with a response rate of about 20%. The results suggest that core principles about plagiarism are shared among this multidisciplinary community, corroborating Robert K. Merton's observations that concerns over plagiarism and priority disputes are not field specific. This study offers insight into the way plagiarism is perceived in this community and sheds light on the problem for international collaborative research networks. The data focus on a particular research system in Latin America, but, given the cultural similarities that bind most Latin American nations, these results may be relevant to other PhD populations in the region and should provide an opportunity for comparison with studies from other emerging, non-Anglophone regions.

Analysis of co-authorship networks among Brazilian graduate programs in computer science.

The growth and popularization of platforms on scientific production has been the subject of several studies, producing relevant analyses of co-authorship behavior among groups of researchers. Researchers and their scientific productions can be analysed as co-authorship social networks, so researchers are linked through common publications. In this context, co-authoring networks can be analysed to find patterns that can describe or characterize them. This work presents the analysis and characterization of co-authorship networks of academic Brazilian graduate programs in computer science. Data from Brazilian researchers were collected and modeled as co-authoring networks among the graduate programs that researchers take part in. Each network topology was analysed with complex network measurements and three proposed qualitative indices that evaluate the publication's quality. In addition, the co-authorship networks of the computer science graduate programs were characterized in relation to the assessment received by CAPES, which attributes a qualitative grade to the graduate programs in Brazil. The results show the most relevant topological measurements for the program's characterization and the evaluations received by the programs in different qualitative degrees, relating the main topological patterns of the co-authorship networks and the CAPES grades of the Brazilian graduate programs in computer science.

Prevenção de drogas em contextos educacionais: uma análise da rede de colaboração entre pesquisadores / Drug prevention in educational contexts: an analysis of the collaboration network of researchers / Prevención de drogas en contextos educacionales: un análisis de la red de colaboración entre investigadores

O conhecimento da rede de pesquisadores que atuam na área de prevenção de drogas em contextos educacionais é uma forma possível de integralizar e compartilhar informações sobre o tema. O objetivo do estudo aqui apresentado é identificar esses pesquisadores, bem como suas produções acadêmicas, localização geográfica e participação nessa rede de colaboração científica. Para isto, realizou-se um estudo exploratório e descritivo com abordagem quantitativa. Identificaram-se 143 pesquisadores que publicam sobre o tema, sendo, em sua maioria, pesquisadores da área da saúde que colaboram com um ou mais membros da rede. Foram obtidas 154 publicações sobre o tema. A análise da rede evidenciou maior articulação e parcerias entre os pesquisadores da área da saúde, e nenhum relacionamento destes com os pesquisadores da educação. Desta forma, conclui-se que o tema em questão necessita de maiores parcerias e integralidades de informações entre os campos do conhecimento envolvidos, para que a ciência produzida no âmbito acadêmico culmine em ações práticas mais eficazes para a prevenção de drogas em contextos educacionais.

The knowledge of the researcher network associated with the study of drugs prevention in educational contexts is a possible way of integrating and sharing information on the subject. The objective of the study presented here is to identify these researchers, their academic productions, geographical location, as well as their participation in this scientific collaboration network. To carry out this task, it was developed a study using an exploratory, descriptive and quantitative approach. We identified 143 researchers, that publish on the subject, mostly associated with the health studies, and collaborate with one or more members of the network. The method allowed to gather 154 publications on the subject. The analysis of the collaboration network showed a more substantial connection and partnership between the health researchers and no relationship between them and the education researchers. Thus the theme examined needs to establish further partnerships and to develop ­ based on the integrality concept ­ integrated information between the fields of knowledge involved in the matter so that the science produced in academic level can contribute to provide more effective practical actions aiming the drug prevention in educational contexts.

El conocimiento de la red de investigadores que actúan en el área de prevención de drogas en contextos educacionales es una forma posible de integrar y compartir informaciones sobre el tema. El objetivo del estudio presentado aquí es identificar esos investigadores, así como sus producciones académicas, la ubicación geográfica y su participación en esa red de colaboración científica. Para cumplir nuestro objetivo, desarrollamos una investigación exploratoria y descriptiva con abordaje cuantitativo. Encontramos 143 investigadores que publicaron sobre el tema, pertenecientes principalmente al área de la salud, que colaboraron con uno o más miembros de la red. Hemos obtenido 154 publicaciones sobre el tema. El análisis de la red mostró una mayor asociación y colaboración entre los investigadores del área de la salud, y se evidenció que no existe ninguna relación entre ellos y los investigadores del área de la educación. Así, el tema en cuestión necesita mayores colaboraciones entre los investigadores y integraciones (en el sentido del concepto de integralidad) de las informaciones entre los campos del conocimiento involucrados en el asunto para que la ciencia producida en el ámbito académico culmine en acciones prácticas más eficaces para la prevención de drogas en contextos educacionales.

Mapeamento de pesquisadores precursores da área de prevenção de drogas em contextos educacionais no Brasil / Mapping precursors researchers of the area of drug prevention in educational contexts in Brazil / Mapeo de investigadores precursores del área de prevención de drogas em contextos educacionales en Brasil

Apesar do crescente interesse de pesquisadores pela implantação e execução de projetos de prevenção de drogas em contextos educacionais, pouco se conhece sobre a efetividade das ações e projetos desenvolvidos, bem como sobre os pesquisadores que desenvolvem essa temática. Este artigo visou agrupar informações em âmbito nacional dos pesquisadores precursores da área de estudos e conhecimento sobre prevenção de drogas em contextos educacionais e apresentar um método para o mapeamento sistemático para identificação destes pesquisadores. Por meio da análise cientométrica realizada no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES e na Plataforma Lattes, com utilização do software ScriptLattes, foram identificadas as produções bibliográficas, orientações, rede de colaboração e mapa de geolocalização de um conjunto de 61 pesquisadores brasileiros. Conclui-se que estratégias para identificação de pesquisadores e sua produção científica auxiliam na integralização e no compartilhamento de informações, ampliam a troca de conhecimentos e experiências, e evidenciam um mapeamento nacional de pesquisadores de determinadas áreas. (AU)

Even with the growing interest of researchers in the implementation and execution of drug prevention projects in educational contexts, little is known about the effectiveness of the actions and projects developed, as well as the researchers that develop this theme. This article aimed to group information at the national level of precursors researchers the area of studies and knowledge about drug prevention in educational contexts and to present a method for the systematic mapping that identify these researchers. Using the scientometric analysis in the Bank of Thesis and Dissertations of CAPES and in the Lattes Platform, using the ScriptLattes software, the bibliographic productions, orientations, collaboration network and geolocation map of a group of 61 Brazilian researchers were identified. It is concluded that strategies for the identification of researchers and their scientific production help in the integration and sharing of information, increase the exchange of knowledge and experiences, and evidence a national mapping of researchers in certain areas. (AU)

A pesar del creciente interés de los investigadores acerca de la implantación y ejecución de proyectos de prevención de drogas en contextos educativos, poco se conoce sobre la efectividad de las acciones y proyectos desarrollados, así como sobre los investigadores que desarrollan esa temática. Este artículo buscó agrupar informaciones a nivel nacional de los investigadores precursores del área de estudios y conocimiento sobre la prevención de drogas en contextos educativos y presentar un método para el mapeo sistemático para la identificación de estos investigadores. A través del análisis cientométrico realizado en el Banco de Tesis y Disertaciones de la CAPES y en la Plataforma Lattes, con utilización del software ScriptLattes, se identificaron las producciones bibliográficas, orientaciones, red de colaboración y mapa de geolocalización de un conjunto de 61 investigadores brasileños. Se concluye que estrategias para identificación de investigadores y su producción científica auxilian en la integralización y en el intercambio de informaciones, amplían el intercambio de conocimientos y experiencias, y evidencian un mapeo nacional de investigadores de determinadas áreas. (AU)

The dynamics of Brazilian protozoology over the past century.

Brazilian scientists have been contributing to the protozoology field for more than 100 years with important discoveries of new species such as Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. In this work, we used a Brazilian thesis database (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) covering the period from 1987-2011 to identify researchers who contributed substantially to protozoology. We selected 248 advisors by filtering to obtain researchers who supervised at least 10 theses. Based on a computational analysis of the thesis databases, we found students who were supervised by these scientists. A computational procedure was developed to determine the advisors' scientific ancestors using the Lattes Platform. These analyses provided a list of 1,997 researchers who were inspected through Lattes CV examination and allowed the identification of the pioneers of Brazilian protozoology. Moreover, we investigated the areas in which researchers who earned PhDs in protozoology are now working. We found that 68.4% of them are still in protozoology, while 16.7% have migrated to other fields. We observed that support for protozoology by national or international agencies is clearly correlated with the increase of scientists in the field. Finally, we described the academic genealogy of Brazilian protozoology by formalising the "forest" of Brazilian scientists involved in the study of protozoa and their vectors over the past century.

The dynamics of Brazilian protozoology over the past century

Brazilian scientists have been contributing to the protozoology field for more than 100 years with important discoveries of new species such asTrypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. In this work, we used a Brazilian thesis database (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) covering the period from 1987-2011 to identify researchers who contributed substantially to protozoology. We selected 248 advisors by filtering to obtain researchers who supervised at least 10 theses. Based on a computational analysis of the thesis databases, we found students who were supervised by these scientists. A computational procedure was developed to determine the advisors’ scientific ancestors using the Lattes Platform. These analyses provided a list of 1,997 researchers who were inspected through Lattes CV examination and allowed the identification of the pioneers of Brazilian protozoology. Moreover, we investigated the areas in which researchers who earned PhDs in protozoology are now working. We found that 68.4% of them are still in protozoology, while 16.7% have migrated to other fields. We observed that support for protozoology by national or international agencies is clearly correlated with the increase of scientists in the field. Finally, we described the academic genealogy of Brazilian protozoology by formalising the “forest” of Brazilian scientists involved in the study of protozoa and their vectors over the past century.

Analysis of an advisor-advisee relationship: an exploratory study of the area of exact and Earth sciences in Brazil.

Scientific collaboration has been studied by researchers for decades. Several approaches have been adopted to address the question of how collaboration has evolved in terms of publication output, numbers of coauthors, and multidisciplinary trends. One particular type of collaboration that has received very little attention concerns advisor and advisee relationships. In this paper, we examine this relationship for the researchers who are involved in the area of Exact and Earth Sciences in Brazil and its eight subareas. These pairs are registered in the Lattes Platform that manages the individual curricula vitae of Brazilian researchers. The individual features of these academic researchers and their coauthoring relationships were investigated. We have found evidence that there exists positive correlation between time of advisor-advisee relationship with the advisee's productivity. Additionally, there has been a gradual decline in advisor-advisee coauthoring over a number of years as measured by the Kulczynski index, which could be interpreted as decline of the dependence.

O envelhecimento na Sociologia brasileira contemporânea: notas preliminares / Aging in contemporary Brazilian Sociology: preliminary notes

Este artigo propõe caracterizar algumas contribuições bibliográficas da Sociologia brasileira contemporânea sobre envelhecimento. Tendo por questões norteadoras: quais são os grupos de pesquisas e o que priorizam em suas investigações sobre o tema envelhecimento, realizou-se um estudo exploratório sobre os dados disponibilizados no Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq. A partir dos descritores envelhecimento e gerontologia, na grande área de Ciências Humanas, identificaram-se 53 grupos (Antropologia n=9; Educação n=13; Filosofia n=1; Psicologia n=25; Sociologia n=5). Utilizou-se o software Script Lattes para caracterização dos grupos de pesquisa. Ao todo, identificaram-se 440 pesquisadores entre líderes e membros. Observou-se que 20% desses pesquisadores atuam em mais de um grupo. A análise dos resultados aponta aspectos relevantes para refletir o espectro da sociologia e sua capilarização nas Ciências Humanas, com indicadores expressivos nos recursos humanos, nas produções científicas, bem como a localização geográfica dos pesquisadores e redes de coautoria.(AU)

This article proposes to characterize some bibliographic contributions of contemporary Brazilian Sociology of aging. Having as guiding questions: hat are the research groups and to prioritize in their investigations on the topic aging, there was an exploratory study on the data available in the CNPq Research Groups Directory. From the descriptors aging and gerontology, in the area of Humanities, they identified 53 groups (n = 9 Anthropology, Education n = 13; n = 1 Philosophy Psychology n = 25; Sociology n = 5). We used the Script Lattes software for characterization of the research groups. Altogether, they identified 440 researchers between leaders and members. It was observed that 20% of researchers working in more than one group. The results point to reflect the relevant aspects of sociology spectrum and its capillarity in the Humanities, with significant indicators of human resources, scientific productions, as well as the geographical location of researchers and co-authorship networks. (AU)

O envelhecimento na Sociologia brasileira contemporânea: notas preliminares / Aging in contemporary Brazilian Sociology: preliminary notes

Este artigo propõe caracterizar algumas contribuições bibliográficas da Sociologia brasileira contemporânea sobre envelhecimento. Tendo por questões norteadoras: quais são os grupos de pesquisas e o que priorizam em suas investigações sobre o tema envelhecimento, realizou-se um estudo exploratório sobre os dados disponibilizados no Diretório de Grupos de Pesquisa do CNPq. A partir dos descritores envelhecimento e gerontologia, na grande área de Ciências Humanas, identificaram-se 53 grupos (Antropologia n=9; Educação n=13; Filosofia n=1; Psicologia n=25; Sociologia n=5). Utilizou-se o software Script Lattes para caracterização dos grupos de pesquisa. Ao todo, identificaram-se 440 pesquisadores entre líderes e membros. Observou-se que 20% desses pesquisadores atuam em mais de um grupo. A análise dos resultados aponta aspectos relevantes para refletir o espectro da sociologia e sua capilarização nas Ciências Humanas, com indicadores expressivos nos recursos humanos, nas produções científicas, bem como a localização geográfica dos pesquisadores e redes de coautoria.

This article proposes to characterize some bibliographic contributions of contemporary Brazilian Sociology of aging. Having as guiding questions: hat are the research groups and to prioritize in their investigations on the topic aging, there was an exploratory study on the data available in the CNPq Research Groups Directory. From the descriptors aging and gerontology, in the area of Humanities, they identified 53 groups (n = 9 Anthropology, Education n = 13; n = 1 Philosophy Psychology n = 25; Sociology n = 5). We used the Script Lattes software for characterization of the research groups. Altogether, they identified 440 researchers between leaders and members. It was observed that 20% of researchers working in more than one group. The results point to reflect the relevant aspects of sociology spectrum and its capillarity in the Humanities, with significant indicators of human resources, scientific productions, as well as the geographical location of researchers and co-authorship networks.

BraX-Ray: an X-ray of the Brazilian computer science graduate programs.

Research productivity assessment is increasingly relevant for allocation of research funds. On one hand, this assessment is challenging because it involves both qualitative and quantitative analysis of several characteristics, most of them subjective in nature. On the other hand, current tools and academic social networks make bibliometric data web-available to everyone for free. Those tools, especially when combined with other data, are able to create a rich environment from which information on research productivity can be extracted. In this context, our work aims at characterizing the Brazilian Computer Science graduate programs and the relationship among themselves. We (i) present views of the programs from different perspectives, (ii) rank the programs according to each perspective and a combination of them, (iii) show correlation between assessment metrics, (iv) discuss how programs relate to another, and (v) infer aspects that boost programs' research productivity. The results indicate that programs with a higher insertion in the coauthorship network topology also possess a higher research productivity between 2004 and 2009.

Identification of protein coding regions using the modified Gabor-wavelet transform.

An important topic in genomic sequence analysis is the identification of protein coding regions. In this context, several coding DNA model-independent methods, based on the occurrence of specific patterns of nucleotides at coding regions, have been proposed. Nonetheless, these methods have not been completely suitable due to their dependence on an empirically pre-defined window length required for a local analysis of a DNA region. We introduce a method, based on a modified Gabor-wavelet transform (MGWT), for the identification of protein coding regions. This novel transform is tuned to analyze periodic signal components and presents the advantage of being independent of the window length. We compared the performance of the MGWT with other methods using eukaryote datasets. The results show that the MGWT outperforms all assessed model-independent methods with respect to identification accuracy. These results indicate that the source of at least part of the identification errors produced by the previous methods is the fixed working scale. The new method not only avoids this source of errors, but also makes available a tool for detailed exploration of the nucleotide occurrence.