Coste de la fractura de cadera osteoporótica en España por comunidad autónoma / Cost of osteoporotic hip fracture in Spain per Autonomous Region

Objetivo: Se estimó la utilización de recursos sanitarios (URS) y costes asociados durante los 12 meses posteriores a una primera fractura de cadera osteoporótica (FCO) por comunidad autónoma (CC.AA.). Métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, que incluyó pacientes ≥65años hospitalizados por una primera FCO en Andalucía, Cataluña, Comunidad Valenciana, Galicia, Madrid y País Vasco. Se registró la URS relacionada con la FCO, la calidad de vida y la autonomía del paciente, y se estimaron los costes asociados. Resultados: Participaron 487 pacientes (edad media: 83,1años, 77% mujeres), con características demográficas similares entre CC.AA. La duración media del ingreso fue más prolongada en Madrid y en Galicia (mujeres/hombres: 15,0/18,6 y 16,9/12,6 días) y menor en Andalucía y en la Comunidad Valenciana (8,2/7,2 y 8,4/9,4días). Las sesiones de rehabilitación y días de asistencia domiciliaria formal fueron más numerosos en Cataluña y en Madrid (mujeres/hombres: 16/21 y 17/29 sesiones; 19/20 y 30/27días) comparado con Andalucía y Galicia (4/1 y 3/0 sesiones; 3/1 y 1/0días). Los costes medios fueron más altos en Madrid y menores en Andalucía (mujeres/hombres: 12.321/12.297€ y 7.031/6.115€, respectivamente). Conclusiones: Las FCO implican un coste elevado para los sistemas sanitarios autonómicos, observándose diferencias notables entre CC.AA., derivadas principalmente de la duración diferencial de la primera estancia hospitalaria, así como al cuidado ambulatorio durante los meses posteriores. Estas diferencias podrían estar relacionadas con diferencias en la demora quirúrgica. Es deseable un abordaje y consenso a nivel nacional de este problema sanitario, con pautas de actuación comunes, ya que podría suponer grandes beneficios socioeconómicos y sanitarios globales

Objective: We estimated the health resource utilization (HRU) and associated costs during the 12months after a first osteoporotic hip fracture (OHF) in six Spanish Regions. Methods: Observational, prospective study including patients ≥65years-old hospitalized due to a first OHF in: Andalusia, Catalonia, Valencian Community, Galicia, Madrid and the Basque Country. HRU related to OHF, quality of life and patient autonomy were collected, and HRU-associated costs were estimated. Results: Four hundred and eighty-seven patients (mean age: 83.1years, 77% women) were included, with demographic characteristics that were similar across the Regions. Mean hospital stay was longest in Madrid and Galicia (women/men: 15.0/18.6 and 16.9/12.6days, respectively) and shortest in Andalusia and the Valencian Community (8.2/7.2 and 8.4/9.4days). There were more rehabilitation sessions and formal home care days in Catalonia and Madrid (women/men: 16/21 and 17/29 sessions; 19/20 and 30/27days) and fewer in Andalusia and Galicia (4/1 and 3/0 sessions; 3/1 and 1/0days). Mean HRU costs were higher in Madrid and lower in Andalusia (women/men: 12,321€/12,297€ and 7,031€/6,115€, respectively). Conclusions: OHF place a large burden on Spanish Regional Health Systems, including high economic costs. We found notable differences in mean costs across the Regions, mainly caused by the differential length of the first hospital stay and the outpatient care in subsequent months. These differences may be associated with differences in surgical delay. A national consensus on the management of OHF is desirable; moreover, agreeing common guidelines could have major socio-economic and healthcare benefits

Cost of osteoporotic hip fracture in Spain per Autonomous Region. / Coste de la fractura de cadera osteoporótica en España por comunidad autónoma.

OBJECTIVE: We estimated the health resource utilization (HRU) and associated costs during the 12months after a first osteoporotic hip fracture (OHF) in six Spanish Regions. METHODS: Observational, prospective study including patients ≥65years-old hospitalized due to a first OHF in: Andalusia, Catalonia, Valencian Community, Galicia, Madrid and the Basque Country. HRU related to OHF, quality of life and patient autonomy were collected, and HRU-associated costs were estimated. RESULTS: Four hundred and eighty-seven patients (mean age: 83.1years, 77% women) were included, with demographic characteristics that were similar across the Regions. Mean hospital stay was longest in Madrid and Galicia (women/men: 15.0/18.6 and 16.9/12.6days, respectively) and shortest in Andalusia and the Valencian Community (8.2/7.2 and 8.4/9.4days). There were more rehabilitation sessions and formal home care days in Catalonia and Madrid (women/men: 16/21 and 17/29 sessions; 19/20 and 30/27days) and fewer in Andalusia and Galicia (4/1 and 3/0 sessions; 3/1 and 1/0days). Mean HRU costs were higher in Madrid and lower in Andalusia (women/men: 12,321€/12,297€ and 7,031€/6,115€, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: OHF place a large burden on Spanish Regional Health Systems, including high economic costs. We found notable differences in mean costs across the Regions, mainly caused by the differential length of the first hospital stay and the outpatient care in subsequent months. These differences may be associated with differences in surgical delay. A national consensus on the management of OHF is desirable; moreover, agreeing common guidelines could have major socio-economic and healthcare benefits.

Luxación trapeciometacarpiana aislada. Revisión bibliográfica / Isolated dislocation of the trapezio-metacarpal joint. Case Report

La luxación aislada de la articulación trapecio-metacarpiana es una entidad infrecuente. En gran parte es debido a tratarse de una articulación en encaje recíproco o en silla de montar, muy estable, con un fuerte complejo cápsulo-ligamentoso. Un mayor conocimiento anatómico de los ligamentos ha sido clave para abrir la discusión sobre cuál es el tratamiento ideal, cuál es más coste efectivo, cuál proporciona menor pérdida funcional y genera menor morbilidad. La mayor parte de los casos publicados se han resuelto mediante reducción cerrada con o sin fijación temporal con agujas de Kirschner, pero hay autores que proponen una reducción abierta y una reparación de los ligamentos. Llegar a la respuesta de esta pregunta es complicado, pues la mayor parte de las publicaciones sobre el tema se fundamentan en experiencias personales de un número reducido de casos. Con motivo de la presentación de un nuevo caso realizamos un análisis de los procedimientos terapéuticos propuestos para el tratamiento de la luxación aislada de la articulación trapecio-metacarpiana

Isolated dislocation of the trapezio-metacarpal joint is an infrequent entity. In large part it is due to a joint in reciprocal lace or saddle, very stable, with a strong capsule-ligamentous complex. Greater anatomical knowledge of the ligaments has been key to open the discussion about which is the ideal treatment, which is more cost effective, which provides less functional loss and generates less morbidity. Most of the published cases have been resolved by closed reduction with or without temporary fixation with Kirschner wire, but there are authors who propose an open reduction and repair of the ligaments. Getting to the answer to this question is complicated, since most of the publications on the subject are based on personal experiences of a reduced number of cases. On the occasion of the presentation of a new case, we performed an analysis of the proposed therapeutic procedures for the treatment of isolated dislocation of the trapezio-metacarpal joint

Guía SECOT-GEIOS en osteoporosis y fractura por fragilidad. Actualización / SECOT-GEIOS guidelines in osteoporosis and fragility fracture. An update

No disponible

Aspectos de interés para el cirujano ortopédico y traumatólogo sobre la vitamina D / Aspects of interest on vitamin D for the traumatologist and orthopaedic surgeon

La deficiencia (insuficiencia o deficiencia) de vitamina D es un problema clínico especialmente prevalente en ancianos con fracturas de baja energía, sobre todo de cadera, aunque también se ha relacionado con fracturas de estrés y de alta energía. Son muchas las evidencias que apoyan la necesidad de mantener unos niveles adecuados de vitamina D en sangre para reducir el número de fracturas por fragilidad, favorecer la consolidación de las mismas, mejorar la función neuromuscular de los pacientes, evitar las caídas, prevenir las infecciones quirúrgicas o mejorar la duración de las artroplastias. Sin embargo, no es habitual que el cirujano ortopédico y traumatólogo considere determinar los valores de vitamina D en este tipo de pacientes e instaurar el tratamiento adecuado. Se recomienda mantener niveles superiores a 30-40ng/ml (75-100nmol/l) de vitamina D y la ingesta, en casi todos los casos, de 800 a 1.000UI/día de vitamina D para alcanzar estos niveles (AU)

Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is a clinical problem particularly prevalent in elderly patients with low-energy fractures, particularly hip fractures, but has also been associated with stress fractures and high energy fractures. There is much evidence that supports the need to maintain adequate levels of vitamin D in the blood in order to; reduce the number of fragility fractures, furthering the consolidation of these, improve neuromuscular function of patients, prevent falls, prevent surgical infections, or improve the length of arthroplasties. However, it is rare for the orthopaedic surgeon to request the values of vitamin D in these patients and give the appropriate treatment It is recommended to maintain levels higher than 30-40ng/ml (75-100nmol/l) and increase vitamin D intake, in almost all cases, from 800 to 1,000IU/day to achieve these levels (AU)

[Aspects of interest on vitamin D for the traumatologist and orthopaedic surgeon]. / Aspectos de interés para el cirujano ortopédico y traumatólogo sobre la vitamina D.

Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is a clinical problem particularly prevalent in elderly patients with low-energy fractures, particularly hip fractures, but has also been associated with stress fractures and high energy fractures. There is much evidence that supports the need to maintain adequate levels of vitamin D in the blood in order to; reduce the number of fragility fractures, furthering the consolidation of these, improve neuromuscular function of patients, prevent falls, prevent surgical infections, or improve the length of arthroplasties. However, it is rare for the orthopaedic surgeon to request the values of vitamin D in these patients and give the appropriate treatment It is recommended to maintain levels higher than 30-40ng/ml (75-100nmol/l) and increase vitamin D intake, in almost all cases, from 800 to 1,000IU/day to achieve these levels.

Fracturas atípicas relacionadas con el uso prolongado de bifosfonatos. Estado de la situación / Atypical fractures associated with the long term use of bisphosphonates. The current situation

Los bifosfonatos son considerados actualmente un tratamiento de primera elección de la enfermedad osteoporótica. Su reconocida eficacia antifractura en todos los tipos de osteoporosis y su presencia en el mercado desde hace varios años, hacen que sean los fármacos de uso más extendido para el tratamiento de la enfermedad. En la última década han aparecido una serie de efectos adversos relacionados con esta medicación que han encendido la voz de alarma sobre la conveniencia o no de mantener el tratamiento continuado con estos fármacos durante un largo período de tiempo. Entre estos efectos se encuentra la aparición de una serie de fracturas consideradas atípicas por su localización y apariencia radiológica que se manifiestan en pacientes tratados de forma crónica con bifosfonatos. Estas fracturas que comparten una serie de características clínicas comunes, no cumplen el clásico perfil de la fractura por fragilidad osteoporótica. La prolongada inhibición del remodelado óseo podría ser el sustento fisiopatológico para su explicación, aunque todavía no está claramente establecida esta relación causal. El objetivo del presente trabajo es doble, por un lado presentar cuatro casos clínicos propios de fracturas atípicas relacionadas con la administración de estos fármacos y, por otro, realizar en base a ellos una revisión bibliográfica de esta entidad patológica, para intentar esclarecer cuál es la situación real del problema y determinar si es necesario establecer algún tipo de recomendaciones terapéuticas, tanto quirúrgicas como no quirúrgicas, ante este tipo de fracturas (AU)

Bisphosphonates are currently considered first choice treatment of osteoporotic disease. Its proven anti-fracture effect in all types of osteoporosis and its presence on the market for many years, make them the most widely used drugs for the treatment of this disease. A number of adverse effects associated with this medication have appeared over the past 10 years or so have caused concern on whether or not to maintain a continued treatment with these drugs over a long period of time. These side effects include a series of fractures, considered atypical because of their location and radiological appearance, which occur in patients treated long-term with bisphosphonates. These fractures, that share a number of common clinical features, do not meet the classic profile of osteoporotic fragility fractures. Prolonged inhibition of bone remodelling could be the pathophysiological basis for his explanation, although this causal relationship is not yet clearly established. The objective of this paper is two-fold, on the one hand to present four clinical cases of atypical fractures related with long-term administration of these drugs and, on the other, to perform a literature review of this pathological entity, in an attempt to clarify what is the real status of this problem and whether it is necessary to establish both surgical and non-surgical therapeutic recommendations for these types of fractures (AU)

[Multicenter comparative study of synthetic salmon calcitonin administered nasally in the treatment of established postmenopausal osteoporosis]. / Estudio comparativo multicéntrico de la calcitonina sintética de salmón, administrada por vía nasal en el tratamiento de la osteoporosis postmenopáusica establecida.

We study the effectivity and tolerance of synthetic salmon calcitonin nasally administered (Miacalcic) in the treatment of established postmenopausic osteoporosis. During one year, two randomized groups of postmenopausic women diagnosed of osteoporosis were treated in an outpatient service either with 1 gr of calcium element per day during the whole study or with 100 daily I.U. of salmon synthetic calcitonin nasally administered in patterns of 14 days and the same period of rest, plus a supplement of 500 mgr of calcium element per day. Globally, 43 patients were assessed at the end of the study in the calcitonin plus calcium group and 45 in the group receiving only calcium. The main evaluation parameters were pain and presence of new fractures. At the beginning and at the end of the study, complementary tests of blood biochemistry were conducted, including alkalin phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus and uric acid, as well as calcium, hydroxiprolin and creatinini in the urine. The results showed a significant improvement of pain (p < 0.001) in the group treated with calcitonin, supported by a lower consumption of analgesics. The rate of vertebral fractures determined according to the Meunier's index, was also significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the group treated with calcitonin at the end of the study period. These results suggest that, compared to only calcium, nasally administered calcitonin precludes the formation of new vertebral fractures during one year of treatment and it is effective in terms of pain reduction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Modifications of the normal sonographic image in gluteal fibrosis.

There is no reference in the literature to the use of sonography in the diagnosis of muscular fibrosis. In this paper we report the sonographic findings observed in forty patients who had marked limitation of flexion of the hip joint and tightness and atrophy of the gluteal muscles from increased fibrous tissue in the gluteal musculature.

[The vascular risk factors in patients with adult ischemic necrosis of the femur head]. / Factores de riesgo vascular en pacientes con necrosis isquémica de cabeza femoral del adulto.

The authors studied 23 patients affected by ischemic necrosis of the femoral head, following a common standardised protocol, highlighting the habit (smoking and alcohol intake), lipids and biochemist parameters, as vascular risk factors to sufferers of this disease. They found that with the smoking habit, the high intake of lipids and the excess of alcohol ingestion were significant in the studied group. Neither obesity nor blood hypertension were significant. This supports the vascular etiology of ischemic necrosis of femoral head in adults.