Discrimination of Urban Spaces with Different Level of Restorativeness Based on the Original and on a Shorter Version of Hartig et al.'s Perceived Restorativeness Scale.

Restorativeness is defined as the potential of the environment to re-establish certain cognitive capacities related to human information processing. The most frequently used instrument for evaluating the restorativeness of places is the Perceived Restorativeness Scale, proposed by Hartig et al. (1991). Later on, shorter versions of the Perceived Restorativeness Scale were proposed. The aim of this work is to evaluate the discriminatory capacity of the original and of a shorter Spanish version of the PRS, considering urban settings previously selected for having different level of restorativeness, according to expert's criteria. The study involved 244 students and used a 3 × 2 mixed experimental design, with two independent variables: Restorativeness of a place (between-subjects), which was manipulated by showing pictures of settings selected with varying levels of restorativeness (high, medium, low), and length of the scale (within-subjects), which was manipulated by asking subjects to fill in both the original and a shorter version of the PRS. The order of presentation of the two scales was counterbalanced. Results show an appropriate reliability for both version of the scale. Items of being-away, fascination, and coherence of the shorter scale correlate more strongly with the corresponding factor of the original scale, compared to the others factors. Both scales produce similar values for the perceived restorativeness of the different places, except for places with low restorativeness.

Efficacy of an Intervention Program to Improve Employability of University Students.

In the current socioeconomic situation, the need to improve employability of potential workers is especially relevant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention program focusing on improving employability of university students. To do this, a two-group study was designed: one group undertook the intervention program and the other group were used for comparison. Two measurements were taken at different times (pre-intervention and post-intervention). The sample consisted of 271 university students. The results show that the group that underwent the intervention program improved their perceived employability F(1, 269) = 17.49, p < .001; η2 = .06, openness to learning F(1, 269) = 4.24, p < .05; η2 = .02, self-efficacy for labor market insertion F(1, 269) = 75.70, p < .001; η2 = .22 and for teamwork F(1, 269) = 39.43, p < .001; η2 = .13, and their knowledge of employment resources F(1, 269) = 512.89, p < .001; η2 = .66 compared to the group that did not. Furthermore, there was a high level of satisfaction of participants with the intervention program.

Efficacy of an intervention program to improve employability of university students

In the current socioeconomic situation, the need to improve employability of potential workers is especially relevant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention program focusing on improving employability of university students. To do this, a two-group study was designed: one group undertook the intervention program and the other group were used for comparison. Two measurements were taken at different times (pre-intervention and post-intervention). The sample consisted of 271 university students. The results show that the group that underwent the intervention program improved their perceived employability F(1, 269) = 17.49, p < .001; η2 = .06, openness to learning F(1, 269) = 4.24, p < .05; η2 = .02, self-efficacy for labor market insertion F(1, 269) = 75.70, p < .001; η2 = .22 and for teamwork F(1, 269) = 39.43, p < .001; η2 = .13, and their knowledge of employment resources F(1, 269) = 512.89, p < .001; η2 = .66 compared to the group that did not. Furthermore, there was a high level of satisfaction of participants with the intervention program (AU)

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Empleabilidad percibida y autoeficacia para la búsqueda de empleo en universitarios / Perception of employability and self-efficacy for job seeking in university students

La empleabilidad hace alusión a las oportunidades de empleo que tiene una persona atendiendo a sus características personales y a un determinado contexto laboral. Diversos autores han relacionado la empleabilidad con la autoeficacia. El objetivo de este trabajo es poner a prueba una concepción unidimensional de la empleabilidad percibida y analizar la relación que mantiene con la autoeficacia para la búsqueda de empleo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 462 estudiantes y titulados universitarios. Se elaboró una Escala de Percepción de Empleabilidad en universitarios y otra Escala de Autoeficacia para la Búsqueda de Empleo. La primera es una escala unidimensional que evalúa la empleabilidad percibida de personas formadas pero sin experiencia laboral. La segunda es una escala específica que evalúa la autoeficacia relativa a conductas de búsqueda de empleo que se entrenan en los servicios de orientación de las universidades. Los resultados muestran, mediante la realización de análisis factoriales, exploratorio y confirmatorio, la unidimensionalidad de ambas escalas y una correlación de Pearson entre ellas de 0.56(AU)

Employability refers to one person’s job opportunities taking into account its personal characteristics and social context. Different authors have related employability and self-efficacy. The main objective of this work consists on testing a one-dimensional conception of perceived employability and analysing its relations with self-efficacy in the job-seeking process. Sample was composed by 462 university students and graduates. An Employability Perception Scale and a Job-seeking Self-Efficacy Scale were elaborated. First of them was a one-dimensional scale aimed to evaluate the employability perception of trained persons without professional experience. The second one is a specific scale for the evaluation of job-seeking behaviours self-efficacy trained through universities’ professional orientation services. Results show, through exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis, the one-dimensionality of both scales and a Pearson’s correlation between them of .56(AU)