The bright side of sports: a systematic review on well-being, positive emotions and performance.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review regarding the relationship between positive psychological factors, such as psychological well-being and pleasant emotions, and sports performance. METHOD: This study, carried out through a systematic review using PRISMA guidelines considering the Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed and SPORT Discus databases, seeks to highlight the relationship between other more 'positive' factors, such as well-being, positive emotions and sports performance. SETTINGS: The keywords will be decided by a Delphi Method in two rounds with sport psychology experts. PARTICIPANTS: There are no participants in the present research. ASSESSMENT: The main exclusion criteria were: Non-sport thema, sample younger or older than 20-65 years old, qualitative or other methodology studies, COVID-related, journals not exclusively about Psychology. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: We obtained a first sample of 238 papers, and finally, this sample was reduced to the final sample of 11 papers. RESULTS: The results obtained are intended to be a representation of the 'bright side' of sports practice, and as a complement or mediator of the negative variables that have an impact on athletes' and coaches' performance. CONCLUSIONS: Clear recognition that acting on intrinsic motivation continues to be the best and most effective way to motivate oneself to obtain the highest levels of performance, a good perception of competence and a source of personal satisfaction.

Fuerza prensil como factor predictor de Ansiedad-Rasgo en estudiantes universitarias / Grip strength as a predictor of Trait-Anxiety in university students

Introducción: Investigaciones han determinado que la implementación de programas de actividad física mejora la salud mental. Sin embargo, aún existen dudas sobre la relación entre fuerza muscular y la presencia de trastornos psicosociales como ansiedad y estrés en la población universitaria. Objetivo: Relacionar la condición física, específicamente la fuerza prensil, con la presencia de Ansiedad-Rasgo en estudiantes mujeres. Materiales y métodos: Investigación empírica con estrategia asociativa predictiva, con un diseño predictivo transversal. La muestra fue de 30 estudiantes mujeres de pregrado. Las variables físicas predictoras evaluadas fueron antropometría, fuerza prensil y consumo máximo de oxígeno, mientras que la Ansiedad-Rasgo se midió por medio del Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado Rasgo (STAI). Se realizó análisis estadístico con una regresión logística ordinal entre las variables físicas predictoras y nivel de Ansiedad-Rasgo. Resultados: Se evidenció que sólo la fuerza prensil fue estadísticamente significativa (p=0,033). Este análisis expresado en Odds Ratio, asume un 74,36% de probabilidad que a un menor nivel de fuerza prensil, mayor presencia de Ansiedad-Rasgo. Conclusiones: La fuerza prensil, además de ser un parámetro físico que permite detectar riesgo cardiovascular y patologías asociadas, también debería ser considerada en la determinación de alteraciones en salud mental.

Introduction: Research has revealed that the implementation of physical activity programs improves mental health. However, there are still doubts about the relationship between muscle strength and the presence of psychosocial disorders such as anxiety and stress in the university student population. Objective: To study the association of a physical condition (grip strength) and the presence of Trait-Anxiety in female students. Materials and methods: An empirical research with a predictive associative strategy was conducted on a sample of 30 female undergraduate students. The predictor physical variables assessed were anthropometry, grip strength, and maximum oxygen consumption. Trait-Anxiety was evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Statistical analysis was performed through ordinal logistic regression between predictor physical variables and level of Trait-Anxiety. Results: Only grip strength was statistically significant (p=0.033). This analysis, expressed as Odds Ratio, assumes a 74.36% probability that the lower level of grip strength, the greater chances of having Trait-Anxiety. Conclusions: Grip strength is not only a physical parameter to detect cardiovascular risks and associated pathologies, but also it should be used to identify mental health disorders.

Efectos de un programa de Zumba(R) sobre niveles de ansiedad-rasgo, ansiedad-estado y condición física en estudiantes universitarias chilenas / Effects of a Zumba(R) program over levels of anxiety-trait, anxiety-state and physical condition in Chilean university students / Efeito de um programa Zumba(R) nos níveis de ansiedade-traço, ansiedade-estado e condição física em estudantes universitários chilenos

Diversas investigaciones han determinado que la implementación de programas de actividad física mejora la salud mental. Sin embargo, aún existen dudas sobre los beneficios de los programas Zumba® en la población que lo practica. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar los efectos de un programa de ejercicio físico basado en Zumba®, sobre los niveles de ansiedad-rasgo y ansiedad-estado en estudiantes universitarias chilenas. Investigación cuantitativa cuasi-experimental, con una muestra de 22 estudiantes mujeres de pregrado (grupo experimental = 10 y grupo control = 12). Las variables fueron: ansiedad-rasgo (A-R) y ansiedad-estado (A-E), además de variables físicas como antropometría, consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2máx) y fuerza prensil. El análisis estadístico se realizó a través de un ANOVA mixto para todas las variables. En nivel de significancia fue de p < 0,05. Los resultados evidenciaron cambios no significativos en los distintos niveles de A-R ni A-E luego de la aplicación del programa de Zumba® (p > 0,05), tampoco hubo cambios en las otras variables de estudio (p > 0,05). Al término de la intervención, no se observaron efectos del programa de Zumba® sobre los distintos niveles de A-R y A-E, como tampoco sobre variables antropométricas, VO2máx ni fuerza prensil

Several investigations have specified that the implementation of physical activity programs improve mental health. However, there are still doubts about the benefits on the population taking part in Zumba® programs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a Zumba® based working out program on the levels of anxiety-trait and anxiety-state in Chilean university students. It was a quantitative, cuasi-experimental study with a sample of 22 undergraduate female students (experimental group = 10 and control group = 12). The variables were anxiety-trait (A-T) and anxiety-state (A-S), in addition to physical variables, such as anthropometry, maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and grip strength. A statistical analysis was performed through a mixed ANOVA. The level of significance for all analyses was p < 0.05. The results showed no significant changes in the different levels of A-T or A-S (p > 0.05), there were also no changes in the other variables (p > 0.05). At the end of the intervention, no effects of the Zumba® program were observed on the different levels of A-T and A-S, nor on anthropometric variables, VO2max or grip strength

Várias investigações determinaram que a implementação de programas de atividade física melhora a saúde mental. No entanto, ainda existem dúvidas sobre os benefícios dos programas Zumba® na população que pratica. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos de um programa de exercícios físicos baseado no Zumba®, sobre níveis de Ansiedade-Traço e Ansiedade-Estado em estudantes universitários chilenos. Pesquisa quantitativa quase experimental, com uma amostra de 22 estudantes do sexo feminino (grupo experimental [GE] = 10 e grupo controle [GC] = 12). As variáveis foram: Ansiedade-Traço (A-T) e Ansiedade-Estado (A-E), ambas avaliadas pelo STAI Trait State Anxiety Questionnaire, além de variáveis físicas como antropometria, consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2máx) e força pré-trilateral. A análise estatística foi realizada através de uma ANOVA mista para todas as variáveis e uma tabela de contingência por meio do Qui-Quadrado de Pearson para os diferentes níveis de A-T e A-E. O nível de significância para todas as análises foi de p <0,05. Os resultados não mostraram alterações significativas em todas as variáveis do estudo após a aplicação do programa Zumba® (p> 0,05); também não houve diferenças nos diferentes níveis de A-T ou A-E (p> 0,05). Ao final da intervenção, não foram observados efeitos do programa Zumba® sobre diferentes níveis de A-R e A-E, nem nas variáveis antropométricas, VO2máx ou força preênsil

Evaluación de habilidades perceptivo-cognitivas en deportistas universitarios / Evaluation of cognitive-perceptive abilities in university athletes

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido evaluar la habilidad perceptiva cognitiva de los deportistas seleccio-nados de la Universidad de Playa Ancha a través de una herramienta tecnológica de seguimiento de objetos múltiples dentro de un campo visual (Neurotracker). Se utilizó una metodología de carácter cuantitativo enmarcado dentro del paradigma positivista de tipo descriptivo. La muestra fue de 101 deportistas de diversas disciplinas y ambos sexos, todos escogidos a través del método de muestreo por conveniencia o selección intencionada. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados a través de estadística descriptiva inferencial. Los resultados muestran que la clasificación del deporte (estructura abierta y estructura cerrada) influencia el rendimiento perceptivo-cognitivo del deportista, existiendo una estricta relación con las horas de entrenamiento. Ambas variables son directamente proporcional a los resultados y, se presentan diferencias significativas según sexo.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the cognitive-perceptive ability of selected athletes from Universidad Playa Ancha by means of a technological tracking tool for multiple objects within a visual field (Neurotracker). The researchers applied quantitative methods based on the positivist paradigm of descriptive type. The sample size consisted of 101 female and male athletes from various majors, all of whom were selected through the convenience sampling method. The data was analyzed using infe-rential descriptive statistics. The study results demonstrate that the sports classification (open struc-ture and closed structure) influences the perception/cognitive performance of the athletes, showing a strong relationship to the number of hours of athletic training. Both variables were found to be directly proportional to the results and there were significant differences based on sex/gender

Compromiso Deportivo a través del Clima Motivacional creado por madre, padre y entrenador en jóvenes futbolistas / Sport commitment via the motivational climate created by mother, father and coach in young football players / Compromisso desportivo através do clima motivacional criado pela mãe, pai e treinador em jovens futebolistas

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la relación entre el compromiso deportivo y el clima motivacional percibido por jóvenes practicantes de fútbol, de su madre, padre y entrenador. Los participantes fueron 913 jugadores de fútbol entre 10 y 14 a.os (M: 12.2 DE: 1.3). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron las versiones en español del Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sport (MCSYS), el Parents Initiated Motivational Questionnaire (PIMCQ-2) y el Sport Commitment Questionnaire -SCQe-. A partir de los resultados y análisis de correlación y regresión lineal, se puede apreciar la importancia que cumplen las madres, padres y entrenadores (de manera diferenciada) a la hora de generar compromiso deportivo y as. evitar abandono, por lo que es fundamental considerarlos e integrarlos en el trabajo práctico

This study aimed to identify the relationship between sport commitment and motivational climate perceived by young football players, their mother, father and coach. 913 football players aged 10 to 14 years (M: 12.2 SD: 1.3) took part. The instruments used were Spanish versions of the Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sport (MCSYS), the Parents Initiated Motivational Questionnaire (PIMCQ-2) and the Sport Commitment Questionnaire (SCQ-e). From the results and correlation and linear regression analysis, we can see the importance of mothers, fathers and coaches (each in a different way) when generating sport commitment and, therefore, avoid drop-outs, so it is essential to consider and integrate them into practical work

O presente estudo teve como objectivo identificar a relação entre o compromisso desportivo e o clima motivacional percebido por jovenspraticantes de futebol, mãe, pai e treinador. Os participantes foram 913 jogadores de futebol com idades compreendidas entre os 10 e os 14 anos (M:12.2 DP: 1.3). Os instrumentos utilizados foram as versões espanholas do Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sport(MCSYS), do Parents InitiatedMotivational Questionnaire(PIMCQ-2) e do Sport Commitment Questionnaire-SCQe-. A partir dos resultados e análises de correlação e regressãolinear, pode-se constatar a importância que têm as mães, pais e treinadores (de forma diferenciada) no que respeita ao desenvolvimento do compromissodesportivo e assim evitar o abandono, pelo que é fundamental considerá-los e integrá-los no trabalho aplicado