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1.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 27(6): 371-374, dic. 2015. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-147855

RESUMO

Objetivo: Describir la mortalidad de los pacientes atendidos con traumatismos potencialmente graves (TPG) y la correlación de dicha mortalidad con la escala GAP (Glasgow coma scale, Age, and systolic bloob Pressure). Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo con inclusión de todos los pacientes atendidos en urgencias durante 15 meses con TPG. Se registraron variables epidemiológicas, mecanismo lesional, tipo de traslado, necesidad de intubación orotraqueal extrahospitalaria, consumo de tóxicos, índice de comorbilidad de Charlson (ICC), variables incluidas en la escala de GAP, el destino tras la asistencia en urgencias y al final del episodio y la mortalidad. Resultados: Se incluyeron 864 pacientes. La mortalidad fue mayor en pacientes mayores [57,9 (26,6) vs 41,1 (17,4), p < 0,05] y con mayor puntuación en el ICC [3,3 (2,9) vs 0,9 (1,7)]. La precipitación fue el tipo de accidente con mayor mortalidad (p < 0,001). No hubo asociación entre tóxicos y mortalidad. En los fallecidos tuvieron menor puntuación enla escala del coma de Glasgow [9,1 (5,3) vs 14,8 (1,2), p < 0,001], como la presión arterial sistólica [113,8 (19,8) vs 131,3 (20,7) mmHg, p = 0,012] y la diastólica [60,1 (16,8) vs 77,7 (11,7) mmHg, p = 0,002]. La puntuación en la escala GAP fue menor en los fallecidos frente a los supervivientes [5,1 (4,8) vs 22,6 (1,7), p < 0,001]. En el análisis multivariantese mantuvieron significativos el ICC (OR: 0,704; IC 95%: 0,52-0,96) y la escala GAP (OR: 1,8; IC 95%: 1,45-2,20). Conclusiones: La mortalidad de nuestra serie de pacientes es baja en relación a lo publicado con anterioridad. El GAP es útil como escala pronóstica de mortalidad en nuestra cohorte de pacientes (AU)


Objective: To assess mortality in patients with potentially severe injuries and explore the correlation between mortality and the score on the GAP scale (Glasgow Coma Scale, age, and systolic blood pressure). Methods: Retrospective observational study of all patients with potentially severe injuries treated in an emergency department (ED) over a period of 15 months. We recorded epidemiologic variables, cause of injury, type of transport, need for prehospital orotracheal intubation, substance abuse, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), variables for the GAP prognostic score, destination on discharge from the ED and at the end of the episode, and mortality. Results: Data for 864 patients entered the final analysis. Mortality was higher in older patients (mean [SD] age, 57.9 [26.6] vs 41.1 [17.4], P< 05) and those with a higher mean CCI (3.3 [2.9] vs 0.9 [1.7]). Accident type was a precipitating factor associated with mortality (P< 001), but substance abuse was unrelated. Patients who died had lower mean Glasgow scores (9.1 [5.3] vs 14.8 [1.2], P< 001) and lower mean systolic and diastolic pressures (respectively, 113.8 [19.8] vs 131.3 [20.7] mm Hg, P=.012, and 60.1 [16.8] vs 77.7 [11.7] mm Hg, P=.002). Patients who died also had lower mean GAP scores than survivors (15.1 [4.8] vs 22.6 [1.7], P< 001). Risk factors that remained significant in the multivariate analysis were CCI (odds ratio [OR], 0.704; 95% CI, 0.52-0.96) and GAP score (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.45-2.20). Conclusions: Mortality in our patient series was lower than rates in previously published reports. The GAP score was a useful tool for predicting mortality in the series we studied (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Índices de Gravidade do Trauma , Traumatismo Múltiplo/mortalidade , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento de Emergência/métodos , /estatística & dados numéricos , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia
2.
Emergencias ; 27(6): 371-374, 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29094838

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To assess mortality in patients with potentially severe injuries and explore the correlation between mortality and the score on the GAP scale (Glasgow Coma Scale, age, and systolic blood pressure). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study of all patients with potentially severe injuries treated in an emergency department (ED) over a period of 15 months. We recorded epidemiologic variables, cause of injury, type of transport, need for prehospital orotracheal intubation, substance abuse, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), variables for the GAP prognostic score, destination on discharge from the ED and at the end of the episode, and mortality. RESULTS: Data for 864 patients entered the final analysis. Mortality was higher in older patients (mean [SD] age, 57.9 [26.6] vs 41.1 [17.4], P<.05) and those with a higher mean CCI (3.3 [2.9] vs 0.9 [1.7]). Accident type was a precipitating factor associated with mortality (P<.001), but substance abuse was unrelated. Patients who died had lower mean Glasgow scores (9.1 [5.3] vs 14.8 [1.2], P<.001) and lower mean systolic and diastolic pressures (respectively, 113.8 [19.8] vs 131.3 [20.7] mm Hg, P=.012, and 60.1 [16.8] vs 77.7 [11.7] mm Hg, P=.002). Patients who died also had lower mean GAP scores than survivors (15.1 [4.8] vs 22.6 [1.7], P<.001). Risk factors that remained significant in the multivariate analysis were CCI (odds ratio [OR], 0.704; 95% CI, 0.52-0.96) and GAP score (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.45-2.20). CONCLUSION: Mortality in our patient series was lower than rates in previously published reports. The GAP score was a useful tool for predicting mortality in the series we studied.


OBJETIVO: Describir la mortalidad de los pacientes atendidos con traumatismos potencialmente graves (TPG) y la correlación de dicha mortalidad con la escala GAP (Glasgow coma scale, Age, and systolic bloob Pressure). METODO: Estudio observacional retrospectivo con inclusión de todos los pacientes atendidos en urgencias durante 15 meses con TPG. Se registraron variables epidemiológicas, mecanismo lesional, tipo de traslado, necesidad de intubación orotraqueal extrahospitalaria, consumo de tóxicos, índice de comorbilidad de Charlson (ICC), variables incluidas en la escala de GAP, el destino tras la asistencia en urgencias y al final del episodio y la mortalidad. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 864 pacientes. La mortalidad fue mayor en pacientes mayores [57,9 (26,6) vs 41,1 (17,4), p < 0,05] y con mayor puntuación en el ICC [3,3 (2,9) vs 0,9 (1,7)]. La precipitación fue el tipo de accidente con mayor mortalidad (p < 0,001). No hubo asociación entre tóxicos y mortalidad. En los fallecidos tuvieron menor puntuación en la escala del coma de Glasgow [9,1 (5,3) vs 14,8 (1,2), p < 0,001], como la presión arterial sistólica [113,8 (19,8) vs 131,3 (20,7) mmHg, p = 0,012] y la diastólica [60,1 (16,8) vs 77,7 (11,7) mmHg, p = 0,002]. La puntuación en la escala GAP fue menor en los fallecidos frente a los supervivientes [5,1 (4,8) vs 22,6 (1,7), p < 0,001]. En el análisis multivariable se mantuvieron significativos el ICC (OR: 0,704; IC 95%: 0,52-0,96) y la escala GAP (OR: 1,8; IC 95%: 1,45-2,20). CONCLUSIONES: La mortalidad de nuestra serie de pacientes es baja en relación a lo publicado con anterioridad. El GAP es útil como escala pronóstica de mortalidad en nuestra cohorte de pacientes.

3.
Eur J Emerg Med ; 21(5): 380-3, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24220140

RESUMO

The aim of the present study is to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics, complications and outcome of patients with haemophilia and acute head injury (AHI) at the emergency department (ED), and develop a protocol to prevent early and late complications. This is a retrospective cohort study including all patients with haemophilia and AHI admitted to the ED. We identified 26 patients with AHI. A computed tomography scan was carried out on all patients at admission, and again on two patients (with neurosurgical complications) 48 h later. The discharge diagnosis was as follows: 3.8% subdural haematoma, 3.8% cerebellar epidural haematoma and 92.3% uncomplicated AHI. We propose the following protocol: a computed tomography scan upon arrival and another within 48 h post-AHI, unless there is an absence of clinical symptoms. In addition, all patients must self-administer a clotting factor as soon as possible and be observed in the ED for at least 48 h.


Assuntos
Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/complicações , Hemofilia A/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Protocolos Clínicos , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/diagnóstico por imagem , Traumatismos Craniocerebrais/terapia , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Abscesso Epidural/complicações , Feminino , Hematoma Subdural/complicações , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
4.
Univ. med ; 54(1): 114-123, ene.-mar. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-703251

RESUMO

La estimulación cerebral profunda (ECP) es una alternativa de manejo para los pacientescon distonía cervical, un síndrome de etiología múltiple, de presentación variada eincapacitante y refractario al manejo médico, que incluye la toxina botulínica. El artículopresenta el caso de una mujer de 56 años de edad con distonía cervical manifiesta conretrócolis e hiperextensión de columna dorsal, de cuatro años de evolución, consideradarefractaria al tratamiento y con indicación de ECP...


Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a management alternative for patients with cervicaldystonia, syndrome of multiple etiology, presentation varied, disabling and refractoryto medical management, including botulinum toxin. A case of a 56 year old woman withcervical dystonia manifested by retrocollis and hyperextension dorsal spine of 4 yearsof evolution, considered resistant to treatment that is an indication of DBS is presented...


Assuntos
Radiocirurgia/reabilitação , Torcicolo/diagnóstico , Torcicolo/etiologia , Torcicolo/prevenção & controle , Colômbia
5.
Univ. med ; 53(4): 420-430, oct.-dic. 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-703234

RESUMO

En la actualidad, los servicios de urgencias atienden pacientes con daño neurológicograve, especialmente por trauma craneoencefálico, en quienes durante la reanimacióninicial se logra la recuperación de la estabilidad hemodinámica, pero requieren intubacióntraqueal y soporte con ventilación mecánica, sin que con ello se logren recuperar lasfunciones cerebrales y de tallo, lo que lleva a la sospecha de muerte encefálica. No es útilque un paciente con alta probabilidad de certeza para este diagnóstico sea trasladado a unaunidad de cuidado intensivo, pero sí es necesario que los pacientes con este diagnóstico,potencialmente donantes de órganos, puedan ofrecer este último servicio altruista en suexistencia. Los médicos urgenciólogos deben hacer este diagnóstico cuando sea el casoy conocer el ámbito legal que lo rodea...


In currently, emergency services are faced with patients that have severe neurologicaldamage after traumatic brain injury, and especially in those that during the initial resuscitation is achieved hemodynamic stability,required intubation and mechanical ventilationsupport, and were unable to recovery functionalbrain, leading to the suspicion of brain death. Itis futile for those patients with a high probabilityof certainty of this diagnosis need to be hospitalizedto intensive care unit but, it is necessary forthose patients with a diagnosis of brain death,potential organ donor, can offer a last selflessservice in your existence. Emergency physiciansshould make this diagnosis when is appropriate,and know the legal field that surrounds it...


Assuntos
Medicina de Emergência , Medicina/normas , Morte Encefálica/diagnóstico
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