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1.
J Phys Condens Matter ; 36(11)2023 Dec 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38056014

RESUMO

The demand for effective microwave-absorbing materials has recently surged due to rapid advancements in electromagnetic (EM) devices. Recently, engineering oxygen vacancies has also become one of the effective ways to develop efficient microwave-absorbing materials. So, understanding the EM absorption mechanism of these materials has become crucial for better engineering of such materials. This article investigates the magnetic properties along with the EM absorption mechanism of M-type hexaferrite, with optimal incorporation of rare-earth element La3+and doping of transition metal Al3+cation. The presence of La3+ions at an optimal level promotes the reduction of Fe3+to Fe2+cations and creating oxygen vacancies to offset the electrical charge imbalance. This phenomenon impacts both the magnetic and EM characteristics of the materials. The presence of Fe2+cations enhanced the spin-orbital interaction, resulting in a strong magnetic anisotropy field along thec-axis. The lowest reflection loss of -36.37 dB at 14.19 GHz, is observed with a bandwidth of 3.61 GHz below -10 dB forx= 0.6. These microwave absorption properties can be attributed to the adequate compensation between dielectric and magnetic losses, which arise from phenomena like dielectric relaxation, magnetic resonance, and conduction loss due to electron hopping between Fe3+and Fe2+with proper incorporation of the attenuating constant and excellent impedance matching, along with microstructure of the materials. Furthermore, the material's exceptional absorption properties are also influenced by the rapid movement of oxygen vacancies from its interior to its surface when exposed to high frequencies, thereby impacting its conductivity. Therefore, it is believed that the regulation of oxygen vacancies can serve as a versatile strategy for developing materials with efficient microwave-absorbing capabilities.

2.
J Phys Condens Matter ; 35(34)2023 May 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37216950

RESUMO

We report the structural and magnetic properties of Nd1-xCexCrO3(x=0.05-0.175) single-phase samples to classify the influence of Ce substitution on the Nd-site. The electron density profile indicates the possible covalent nature of Cr-O bonds. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms a mixed Ce valency with a constant ratio of Ce3+/Ce4+ions in all substituted compounds and the charge neutralization through the oxygen vacancies. The magnetization measurements reveal an increase in antiferromagnetic ordering temperature (TN) and spin-reorientation transition temperature (TSR) and unfold soft spin-reorientation attributed to diluted superexchange interactions upon Ce incorporation. The presence of mixed Ce ions induces the merging of the hysteresis loop with a significant exchange bias (EB) field. We demonstrate for the first time that the magnitude of the magnetization is different for the same applied field in positive and negative directions, indicating the existence of two different magnetic states. The difference between these two magnetic states possibly arises from the pinning of Cr3+spins, which requires an additional Zeeman energy for it to rotate. This maximum Zeeman energy from the normalized magnetic susceptibility vs. temperature curves correlates with the maximum EB field, validating unusual EB in these compounds.

3.
Biophysics (Oxf) ; 67(2): 231-244, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35789554

RESUMO

This paper attempts to describe the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) via an epidemic model. This virus has dissimilar effects in different countries. The number of new active coronavirus cases is increasing gradually across the globe. India is now in the second stage of COVID-19 spreading, it will be an epidemic very quickly if proper protection is not undertaken based on the database of the transmission of the disease. This paper is using the current data of COVID-19 for the mathematical modeling and its dynamical analysis. We bring in a new representation to appraise and manage the outbreak of infectious disease COVID-19 through SEQIR pandemic model, which is based on the supposition that the infected but undetected by testing individuals are send to quarantine during the incubation period. During the incubation period if any individual be infected by COVID-19, then that confirmed infected individuals are isolated and the necessary treatments are arranged so that they cannot taint the other residents in the community. Dynamics of the SEQIR model is presented by basic reproduction number R 0 and the comprehensive stability analysis. Numerical results are depicted through apt graphical appearances using the data of five states and India.

4.
J Phys Condens Matter ; 34(28)2022 May 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35447612

RESUMO

We have discovered spin-state transition (S= 2 toS= 5/2) of Co ions due to Mg substitution in the Ca3Co2O6apparent in the magnetic susceptibility, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and first-principles study. We also examine the effect of Mg substitution on the magnetic and electronic structure of Ca3Co2O6by first-principles calculations. It involves generalized gradient approximation with Coulomb interaction (U) in exchange-correlation energy functional. Our study shows a reasonable agreement between effective magnetic moment (µeff) determined from the Curie-Weiss fit with that from the XPS analysis and first-principles calculations study. We have attributed the decrease in positive intra-chain exchange interaction constant (J1/kB) to the antiferromagnetically coupled induced Co4+ions (S= 5/2) arising from the Mg2+ions substitution. The in-field metamagnetic transitions in the isothermalM(H) curves below the critical field (Hc) have been accurately mapped and successfully explained by the change in magnetic entropy (ΔS) calculations and Arrott plots. Electronic structure study reveals hole-type doping of Mg atom, and the Fermi level (EF) shifts below. Density of state and band structure calculation indicates strong hybridization between partial states of Co-3d and O-2p orbitals for the Mg-doped compound due to which the band crossing at Fermi level is observed, and a hole-type Fermi surface is formed.

5.
J Phys Condens Matter ; 33(13): 135806, 2021 Feb 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33527910

RESUMO

We report the evolution of coupled phonons and exchange bias (EB) in perovskite-type Nd1-x Eu x CrO3 (x = 0.0, 0.05, and 0.10) samples by means of temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and dc magnetization measurements. We observed a non-monotonic behavior of the EB field around the temperature T *, which lies between the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature (T N) and spin-reorientation transition temperature (T SR). The temperature dependence of phonon modes related to antistretching and bending of CrO6 octahedra and Nd3+/Eu3+ ion vibration below T N confirms the strong spin-phonon coupling. The T * found from the non-monotonicity of the EB is imprinted with the additional anomaly observed in the low-temperature spin-phonon behavior. The phonon modes and phonon anomaly are also verified using the density functional theory-based calculations.

6.
J Chem Theory Comput ; 16(4): 2647-2653, 2020 Apr 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32130000

RESUMO

We present noncovalent quantum machine learning corrections to six physically motivated density functionals with systematic errors. We demonstrate that the missing massively nonlocal and nonadditive physical effects can be recovered by quantum machine learning models. The models seamlessly account for various types of noncovalent interactions and enable accurate predictions of dissociation curves. The correction improves the description of molecular two- and three-body interactions crucial in large water clusters and provides a reasonable atomic-resolution picture about the interaction energy errors of approximate density functionals that can be useful information in the development of more accurate density functionals. We show that given sufficient training instances the correction is more flexible than standard molecular mechanical dispersion corrections, and thus it can be applied for cases where many dispersion corrected density functionals fail, such as hydrogen bonding.

7.
J Chem Phys ; 152(7): 074107, 2020 Feb 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32087669

RESUMO

MRCC is a package of ab initio and density functional quantum chemistry programs for accurate electronic structure calculations. The suite has efficient implementations of both low- and high-level correlation methods, such as second-order Møller-Plesset (MP2), random-phase approximation (RPA), second-order algebraic-diagrammatic construction [ADC(2)], coupled-cluster (CC), configuration interaction (CI), and related techniques. It has a state-of-the-art CC singles and doubles with perturbative triples [CCSD(T)] code, and its specialties, the arbitrary-order iterative and perturbative CC methods developed by automated programming tools, enable achieving convergence with regard to the level of correlation. The package also offers a collection of multi-reference CC and CI approaches. Efficient implementations of density functional theory (DFT) and more advanced combined DFT-wave function approaches are also available. Its other special features, the highly competitive linear-scaling local correlation schemes, allow for MP2, RPA, ADC(2), CCSD(T), and higher-order CC calculations for extended systems. Local correlation calculations can be considerably accelerated by multi-level approximations and DFT-embedding techniques, and an interface to molecular dynamics software is provided for quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations. All components of MRCC support shared-memory parallelism, and multi-node parallelization is also available for various methods. For academic purposes, the package is available free of charge.


Assuntos
Teoria da Densidade Funcional , Proteínas/química , Água/química , Elétrons , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Estrutura Molecular
8.
J Chem Theory Comput ; 15(12): 6678-6687, 2019 Dec 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31693355

RESUMO

Blending the good performance of the global hybrid PBE0 functional at short-range and the dual-hybrid dRPA75 functional at long range, we propose a new range-separated direct random phase approximation (dRPA75rs), which considerably improves on the accuracy of the calculated reaction energies and barrier heights compared to the parent approaches and provides a good description of noncovalent interactions without any dispersion correction. We also combine the new scheme with spin-component scaling (SCS-dRPA75rs), which enables the accurate calculation of energy differences for processes involving electron pair breaking, such as atomization. The new method scaling as the fourth power of the system size shows a balanced performance on a broad test set involving radicals, transition metal atoms, and heavy atoms, which makes it competitive with the best double-hybrid functionals based on the second-order perturbation theory. According to the results for the homogeneous electron gas, our dRPA75rs method expectedly gives errors for metallic systems similar to the dRPA approach with an additional error cancellation in the case of partial spin polarization.

9.
J Chem Theory Comput ; 15(12): 6607-6616, 2019 Dec 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31638791

RESUMO

Preserving the beneficial properties of the second-order screened exchange (SOSEX) method, such as its freedom from one-body self-correlation error, and its seamless treatment of long-range dispersion interaction, we construct new nonlocal functionals by down-scaling the higher-order terms in the SOSEX series to reduce the many-body self-correlation error in molecular systems. Our down-scaled SOSEX (dsSOSEX) and scaled equation SOSEX (seSOSEX) approaches deliver considerably more accurate noncovalent interaction energies, reaction energies, and barrier heights than the original SOSEX method. The dsSOSEX approach improves on the description of medium- and long-range correlation, for example, in isogyric processes, while the seSOSEX approach improves on the description of processes with short- and medium-range rearrangement in the electronic structure, such as atomization. The He2+ potential energy curve shows that the many-body self-correlation error is slightly smaller in the dsSOSEX method than in the seSOSEX approach. Furthermore, the H2 potential energy curve reveals that the static correlation error can also be reduced at medium range by the dsSOSEX and seSOSEX schemes. As our dsSOSEX method provides a better description of medium- and long-range correlation, it generally leads to more accurate energetics than the seSOSEX method; hence it should be preferred over the latter. We compare our results to other empirical and nonempirical direct random phase approximation (dRPA) and beyond-dRPA methods and also discuss the possibilities for further development.

10.
SAR QSAR Environ Res ; 30(7): 491-505, 2019 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31219354

RESUMO

The usefulness of five specific information-theoretical molecular descriptors was investigated for predicting the gas phase entropy of selected classes of acyclic and cyclic compounds. Among them, total information on atomic number (TIZ), graph vertex complexity (HV) and total information on bonds (TIBAT), considered together showed the best correlation along with a low standard deviation (r2 = 0.97, s = 21.14) with gas phase entropy values of 130 compounds. The multiple regression equation treating these three indices as independent variables was statistically highly significant which was evident from the F-statistics. In particular, very small difference between r2 and r2-pred values indicates that the regression model is not overfitted and is, therefore, suitable for prediction purposes. When truly used as a training set to predict (from regression equation) 40 additional compounds we get a very high correlation (r2 = 0.975), which remains almost identical (r2 = 0.97) for the combined data set of 170 compounds. The three indices appear to be useful descriptors producing correlation that remains stable with the change in the size of the data set. Also, the information-theoretical measures appear to capture an additive-cum-constitutive nature of gas phase entropy yielding an acceptable statistical fit.


Assuntos
Entropia , Hidrocarbonetos/química , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Quantitativa Estrutura-Atividade , Análise de Regressão
11.
Environ Pollut ; 252(Pt A): 245-255, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31153029

RESUMO

This is the first study to characterize the variation and emission of C2-C5 non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) in a semi-urban site of western India based on measurements during February-December 2015. Anthropogenic NMVOCs show clear seasonal dependence with highest in winter and lowest in monsoon season. Biogenic NMVOCs likes isoprene show highest mixing ratios in the pre-monsoon season. The diurnal variation of NMVOC species can be described by elevated values from night till morning and lower values in the afternoon hours. The elevated levels of NMVOCs during night and early morning hours were caused mainly by weaker winds, temperature inversion and reduced chemical loss. The correlations between NMVOCs, CO and NOx indicate the dominant role of various local emission sources. Use and leakage of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) contributed to the elevated levels of propane and butanes. Mixing ratios of ethylene, propylene, CO, NOx, etc. show predominant emissions from combustion of fuels in automobiles and industries. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) source apportionments were performed for the seven major emission sectors (i.e. Vehicular exhaust, Mixed industrial emissions, Biomass/Fired brick kilns/Bio-fuel, Petrochem, LPG, Gas evaporation, Biogenic). Emissions from vehicle exhaust and industry-related sources contributed to about 19% and 40% of the NMVOCs, respectively. And the rest (41%) was attributed to the emissions from biogenic sources, LPG, gasoline evaporation and biomass burning. Diurnal and seasonal variations of NMVOCs were controlled by local emissions, meteorology, OH concentrations, long-range transport and planetary boundary layer height. This study provides a good reference for framing environmental policies to improve the air quality in western region of India.


Assuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Poluição do Ar/análise , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Emissões de Veículos/análise , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/análise , Alcenos/análise , Butadienos/análise , Hemiterpenos/análise , Índia , Metano/análise , Estações do Ano , Vento
12.
J Clin Neurosci ; 59: 213-217, 2019 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30409530

RESUMO

Extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) is a minimally invasive lateral trans-psoas approach to the thoraco-lumbar spine that enables surgical debridement of the disc space and facilitates fusion. Previous reports are limited to case series, which have no outcomes measuring improvement. We aim to determine the effectiveness of XLIF in the treatment of patients with spondylodiscitis. We performed a cohort study over four years (2008-2011). Patients were treated with XLIF if they met our selection criteria - symptoms suggestive of discitis with consistent imaging and intractable back pain making patients bedbound. Patients were excluded if medically unfit for surgery. Pre and post-operative VAS and ODI scores were used as formal outcome measures. 14 patients were included and at 12 months, median VAS and ODI scores had improved 4.0 (95% CI, 1.9-6.5) (p = 0.005) and 37.0% (95% CI, 10.7-53.7) (p = 0.015) respectively. All patients with available imaging showed evidence of fusion. Patients typically received 6-8 weeks of antibiotics and all showed normalisation of inflammatory markers. At 5 year follow-up, median VAS and ODI were still improved at 3.0 (95% CI, 1.7-4.4) (p = 0.01) and 40% (95% CI, 10-52) (p = 0.028) respectively. The median length of inpatient stay was 10 days (range 4-40 days). This is the first study to demonstrate that the XLIF technique can significantly improve pain in discitis patients using validated formal outcome measurements. This technique could therefore potentially be used to reduce pain in patients with discitis, help them to mobilise earlier and reduce the duration of their hospital stay.


Assuntos
Discite/cirurgia , Fusão Vertebral/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento
13.
J Chem Theory Comput ; 14(5): 2469-2479, 2018 May 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29565589

RESUMO

We analyzed various possibilities to improve upon the SCAN meta-generalized gradient approximation density functional obeying all known properties of the exact functional that can be satisfied at this level of approximation. We examined the necessity of locally satisfying a strongly tightened lower bound for the exchange energy density in single-orbital regions, the nature of the error cancellation between the exchange and correlation parts in two-electron regions, and the effect of the fourth-order term in the gradient expansion of the correlation energy density. We have concluded that the functional can be modified to separately reproduce the exchange and correlation energies of the helium atom by locally releasing the strongly tightened lower bound for the exchange energy density in single-orbital regions, but this leads to an unbalanced improvement in the single-orbital electron densities. Therefore, we decided to keep the FX ≤ 1.174 exact condition for any single-orbital density, where FX is the exchange enhancement factor. However, we observed a general improvement in the single-orbital electron densities by revising the correlation functional form to follow the second-order gradient expansion in a wider range. Our new revSCAN functional provides more-accurate atomization energies for the systems with multireference character, compared to the SCAN functional. The nonlocal VV10 dispersion-corrected revSCAN functional yields more-accurate noncovalent interaction energies than the VV10-corrected SCAN functional. Furthermore, its global hybrid version with 25% of exact exchange, called revSCAN0, generally performs better than the similar SCAN0 for reaction barrier heights. Here, we also analyzed the possibility of the construction of a local hybrid from the SCAN exchange and a specific locally bounded nonconventional exact exchange energy density. We predict compatibility problems since this nonconventional exact exchange energy density does not really obey the strongly tightened lower bound for the exchange energy density in single-orbital regions.

14.
J Family Med Prim Care ; 7(6): 1401-1405, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30613532

RESUMO

CONTEXT: Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) remain a global public health problem. India has the largest number of TB cases; in 2015, out of total global annual incidence of 9.6 million TB cases, 2.2 million were estimated from India. There are 62.4 million people with type 2 diabetes and 77 million people with prediabetes in India, and these numbers are projected to increase to 101 million by the year 2030. Diabetes and TB affect each other at many levels. Screening for diabetes in patients with TB will not only help in early case detection but also better management of both comorbidities. AIMS: (i) To determine the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes among diagnosed cases of TB registered under RNTCP in Bhopal district. (ii) To determine additional yield of previously unknown DM and the number needed to screen (NNS) to find out a new case of DM. (iii) To find out the factors associated with diabetes among patients diagnosed with TB registered under RNTCP in Bhopal district. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on registered patients with TB under RNTCP in two TB units of Bhopal district. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants were contacted and interview was conducted after obtaining consent using predesigned and pretested performa during the period of 1st October 2014 to 30th March 2015 for a period of 6 months. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Continuous variable were summarized as frequency, mean, and standard deviation. All variables were analyzed using Chi-square test of significance; P < 0.05 was taken as statically significant. RESULT: Of the total 528 patients with TB, 296 was male and 232 were female. Of the total, 63 (11.9%) patients were diagnosed as diabetic. NNS to diagnose a new case of DM was 22.1. Significant association was found with six variables which are age, sex, body mass index, type of TB, category of TB, and smoking. CONCLUSION: This study shows feasibility and importance of screening of patients with TB in existing program settings.

15.
Artigo em Inglês | WPRIM (Pacífico Ocidental) | ID: wpr-822787

RESUMO

@#The object of this study was to identify patients with diagnosed dengue infection, who were positive for both dengue-specific NS1 antigen and IgM antibody.

16.
PLoS One ; 12(11): e0187203, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29141035

RESUMO

Little is known about biological significance of effects of dietary Boron (B) and Calcium (Ca) interaction on health and production of farm animals. This is a preliminary investigation to evaluate the effects of B supplementation in lambs fed diets with (normal) or without adequate (low) levels of Ca. Twenty-four crossbred ram lambs were randomly distributed into four groups with six animals each in a 2x2 factorial design namely, normal-Ca diet (NCa) and low-Ca diet (LCa) fed without or with 40 ppm B (NCaB-40 and LCaB-40). The lambs were fed paddy straw and hybrid napier hay-based total mixed ration (60 roughage: 40 concentrate) during 180 days experimental period. Compared to control, the LCa diet lowered (P<0.01) average daily gain of lambs, but B-supplementation (LCaB-40) of the same nullified the effect. The lowered (P<0.05) total antioxidant activity and humoral immune response in lambs fed LCa diet were restored (P>0.05) to become at par with the control (NCa) upon supplementation of B (LCaB-40). The mRNA expression of SOD1 was lowered (P<0.05) due to LCa diet feeding which too was normalized on B-supplementation to become at par (P>0.05) with the control (NCa). Further, B-supplementation restored lowered (P<0.05) SOD1 gene expression on LCa diet, but enhanced (P<0.05) that in NCaB-40 group, when compared to the control (NCa) diet fed animals. However, these variations were not reflected in the SOD activity in the erythrocytes. The cell-mediated immune response was higher (P<0.05) in lambs fed LCa and LCaB-40 groups and there was no significant interaction between the levels of either Ca or B in diets with the period of immune response measurement. B- supplementation of LCa diet ameliorated tissue degenerative changes in liver and kidney. It was concluded that feeding LCa diet to lambs resulted in reduced growth rate, total antioxidant activity, humoral immune response along with degenerative changes in liver and kidney tissues, but B-supplementation of such diet restored most of these changes and ameliorated histopathological alterations.


Assuntos
Ração Animal , Boro/administração & dosagem , Cálcio/administração & dosagem , Ovinos/imunologia , Animais , Formação de Anticorpos , Expressão Gênica , Imunidade Celular , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Ovinos/metabolismo , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo
17.
J Chem Theory Comput ; 13(10): 4753-4764, 2017 Oct 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28892613

RESUMO

Since its formal introduction, density functional theory has achieved many successes in the fields of molecular and solid-state chemistry. According to its central theorems, the ground state of a many-electron system is fully described by its electron density, and the exact functional minimizes the energy at the exact electron density. For many years of density functional development, it was assumed that the improvements in the energy are accompanied by the improvements in the density, and the approximations approach the exact functional. In a recent analysis ( Medvedev et al. Science 2017 , 355 , 49 - 52 .), it has been pointed out for 14 first row (Be-Ne) atoms and cations with 2, 4, or 10 electrons that the nowadays popular flexible but physically less rigorous approximate density functionals may provide large errors in the calculated electron densities despite the accurate energies. Although far-reaching conclusions have been drawn in this work, the methodology used by the authors may need improvements. Most importantly, their benchmark set was biased toward small atomic cations with compressed, high electron densities. In our paper, we construct a molecular test set with chemically relevant densities and analyze the performance of several density functional approximations including the less-investigated double hybrids. We apply an intensive error measure for the density, its gradient, and its Laplacian and examine how the errors in the density propagate into the semilocal exchange-correlation energy. While we have confirmed the broad conclusions of Medvedev et al., our different way of analyzing the data has led to conclusions that differ in detail. Finally, seeking for a rationale behind the global hybrid or double hybrid methods from the density's point of view, we also analyze the role of the exact exchange and second-order perturbative correlation mixing in PBE-based global hybrid and double hybrid functional forms.

18.
Leukemia ; 31(12): 2577-2586, 2017 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28487542

RESUMO

High frequencies of blasts in primary acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) samples have the potential to induce leukaemia and to engraft mice. However, it is unclear how individual ALL cells each contribute to drive leukaemic development in a bulk transplant and the extent to which these blasts vary functionally. We used cellular barcoding as a fate mapping tool to track primograft ALL blasts in vivo. Our results show that high numbers of ALL founder cells contribute at similar frequencies to leukaemic propagation over serial transplants, without any clear evidence of clonal succession. These founder cells also exhibit equal capacity to home and engraft to different organs, although stochastic processes may alter the composition in restrictive niches. Our findings enhance the stochastic stem cell model of ALL by demonstrating equal functional abilities of singular ALL blasts and show that successful treatment strategies must eradicate the entire leukaemic cell population.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais , Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/etiologia , Animais , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/genética , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/metabolismo , Evolução Clonal/genética , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Xenoenxertos , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Camundongos , Modelos Biológicos , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/patologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/patologia
19.
Sci Rep ; 7(1): 66, 2017 02 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28242877

RESUMO

Mutations in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) gene GRIN2A cause epilepsy-aphasia syndrome (EAS), a spectrum of epileptic, cognitive and language disorders. Using bioinformatic and patient data we shortlisted 10 diverse missense mutations for characterisation. We used high-throughput calcium-flux assays and patch clamp recordings of transiently transfected HEK-293 cells for electrophysiological characterization, and Western blotting and confocal imaging to assay expression and surface trafficking. Mutations P79R, C231Y, G483R and M705V caused a significant reduction in glutamate and glycine agonist potency, whilst D731N was non-responsive. These mutants, along with E714K, also showed significantly decreased total protein levels and trafficking to the cell surface, whilst C436R was not trafficked at all. Crucially this reduced surface expression did not cause the reduced agonist response. We were able to rescue the phenotype of P79R, C231Y, G483R and M705V after treatment with a GluN2A-selective positive allosteric modulator. With our methodology we were not able to identify any functional deficits in mutations I814T, D933N and N976S located between the glutamate-binding domain and C-terminus. We show GRIN2A mutations affect the expression and function of the receptor in different ways. Careful molecular profiling of patients will be essential for future effective personalised treatment options.


Assuntos
Epilepsia/genética , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/agonistas , Western Blotting , Cálcio/metabolismo , Epilepsia/fisiopatologia , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Glutamatos/metabolismo , Glicina/metabolismo , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Microscopia Confocal , Técnicas de Patch-Clamp , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/genética
20.
J Chem Theory Comput ; 13(2): 796-803, 2017 Feb 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28052197

RESUMO

Recently, we have constructed a dual-hybrid direct random phase approximation method, called dRPA75, and demonstrated its good performance on reaction energies, barrier heights, and noncovalent interactions of main-group elements. However, this method has also shown significant but quite systematic errors in the computed atomization energies. In this paper, we suggest a constrained spin-component scaling formalism for the dRPA75 method (SCS-dRPA75) in order to overcome the large error in the computed atomization energies, preserving the good performance of this method on spin-unpolarized systems at the same time. The SCS-dRPA75 method with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set results in an average error lower than 1.5 kcal mol-1 for the entire n-homodesmotic hierarchy of hydrocarbon reactions (RC0-RC5 test sets). The overall performance of this method is better than the related direct random phase approximation-based double-hybrid PWRB95 method on open-shell systems of main-group elements (from the GMTKN30 database) and comparable to the best O(N4)-scaling opposite-spin second-order perturbation theory-based double-hybrid methods like PWPB95-D3 and to the O(N5)-scaling RPAX2@PBEx method, which also includes exchange interactions. Furthermore, it gives well-balanced performance on many types of barrier heights similarly to the best O(N5)-scaling second-order perturbation theory-based or spin-component scaled second-order perturbation theory-based double-hybrid methods such as XYG3 or DSD-PBEhB95. Finally, we show that the SCS-dRPA75 method has reduced self-interaction and delocalization errors compared to the parent dRPA75 method and a slightly smaller static correlation error than the related PWRB95 method.

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