RESUMO
The genetic oxidation polymorphisms of debrisoquine and proguanil were studied in a New Zealand Maori population. A bimodal distribution was observed in the 0-4 h urinary debrisoquine/4-hydroxydebrisoquine metabolic ratio. Of 101 Maori subjects phenotyped, five subjects (5%) were identified as poor metabolizers of debrisoquine, according to criteria established in studies of Caucasian populations. The prevalence of the debrisoquine poor metabolizer phenotype in the Maori appears to be similar to that reported for the Caucasian populations, but higher than that found in Asian (non-Caucasian) populations. The distribution of proguanil:cycloguanil (PG:CG) ratios obtained from 43 Maori subjects was highly skewed. Using a PG:CG ratio of 10 as the cut-off point, three Maori subjects (7%) were classified as poor metabolizers of proguanil. The incidence of the poor metabolizer phenotype of proguanil oxidation of 7% seems to be higher in Maori compared with Caucasian populations, but this is lower than the usual ranges (15-35%) reported in Asian populations.
Assuntos
Debrisoquina/metabolismo , Etnicidade/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Proguanil/metabolismo , População Branca/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Biotransformação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nova ZelândiaRESUMO
An historical overview of feeding habits is presented. Effects of food and feeding on human activity through the ages, changes in dietary habits and its effect on health, and beliefs and decisions about eating are reviewed. Lessons to be learned are offered from this historical perspective.
Assuntos
Alimentos , Adulto , Dietas da Moda/história , Europa (Continente) , Comportamento Alimentar , História do Século XVIII , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Lactente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Raquitismo/história , Escorbuto/história , Estados UnidosRESUMO
A direct spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of sulfathiazole and the total pyrimidyl sulfonamide content in a mixture containing sulfadiazine and sulfamerazine is reported. This three-component system was readily reduced to the problem of a simple two-component system analysis. Based on dual isoabsorptive wavelength spectroscopy, simultaneous equations were developed that required absorbance measurements at only two selected wavelengths both isoabsorptive. The location of the isoabsorptive wavelengths was dependent on the pH of the solvent medium, and 0.1 M HCl gave the best results. The validity of the derived equations was demonstrated in a recovery study involving synthetic mixtures containing varying quantities of the three sulfonamides. The recovery was linear over a wide concentration range, and the precision of the method was about 1%.
Assuntos
Sulfadiazina , Sulfamerazina , Sulfatiazóis/análise , Métodos , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Sulfadiazina/análise , Sulfamerazina/análise , Comprimidos/análiseRESUMO
A sensitive and specific method is described for the determination of 17-monochloroacetylajmaline (I) and its metabolite, ajmaline (II), in plasma. Method specificity is accomplished by combining an ion-pair extraction with chromatography followed by development and utilization of reaction product fluorescence of the isolated species on silica gel. Recovery of I and II added to plasma or water averaged 70%. The major loss in the assay resulted during a solvent evaporation step and was reproducible over the concentration interval studied. The limit of detectability for I is 0.06 mu-g/2 ml of plasma. The method was used to determine plasma levels of I and II in the dog following a dose of 10 mg/kg iv of I.
