Determinación del pH salival después de la aplicación de aceite ozonizado / Determination of salivary pH after application of ozonated oil

La saliva, compuesta principalmente por 99% de agua y 1% de moléculas orgánicas e inorgánicas, mantiene un rango de pH de 6.0 a 7.5, pero puede verse alterada por ciertos factores. En este estudio se determinó la variación del pH salival, luego de la aplicación tópica manual en mucosa masticatoria y órganos dentarios con aceite de girasol ozonizado de 300 mEq/kgO2, en jóvenes estudiantes de entre 21 a 23 años, como agente de neutralización en los cambios de pH. Se realizó un estudio comparativo longitudinal en 13 sujetos después de su cepillado dental; se tomaron dos muestras en saliva estimulada con el test estandarizado Saliva-Check BUFFER (GC®EUROPE). La medición basal de pH fue 7.66 ± 0.09, cifra por encima del rango normal; después de la aplicación del aceite de girasol ozonizado (O3MX®300IP) el pH fue de 7.27 ± 0.19, estableciéndose una variación de 0.28 ± 0.48, t = 8.04, p < 0.05 (0.000). Este estudio revela una caída significativa en el pH salival después de aplicar aceite de girasol ozonizado, lo que sugiere su potencial como buffer del pH salival. Se necesitan más investigaciones para explorar las implicaciones clínicas para el manejo de la salud oral (AU)

Saliva, primarily composed of 99% water and 1% organic and inorganic molecules, typically maintains a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5 but can be influenced by various factors. This study aimed to assess the variation in salivary pH following manual topical application of 300 mEq/kgO2 ozonated sunflower oil to the masticatory mucosa and dental structures in young individuals aged 21 to 23 years, using it as a pH-neutralizing agent. A longitudinal comparative study was conducted on 13 subjects after dental brushing. Stimulated saliva samples were collected using the standardized Saliva-Check BUFFER Test (GC®EUROPE). An initial baseline pH measurement of 7.66 ± 0.09 was obtained, which was above the normal range. Following the application of ozonated sunflower oil (O3MX®300IP), the pH dropped to 7.27 ± 0.19, indicating a variation of 0.28 ± 0.48 (t = 8.04, p < 0.05 (0.000). In conclusion, this study reveals a significant decrease in salivary pH after applying ozonated sunflower oil, suggesting its potential as a salivary pH buffer. Further research is needed to explore the clinical implications for oral health management.(AU)

Coffee Chlorogenic Acids Incorporation for Bioactivity Enhancement of Foods: A Review.

The demand of foods with high antioxidant capacity have increased and research on these foods continues to grow. This review is focused on chlorogenic acids (CGAs) from green coffee, which is the most abundant source. The main CGA in coffee is 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA). Coffee extracts are currently the most widely used source to enhance the antioxidant activity of foods. Due to the solubility of CGAs, their extraction is mainly performed with organic solvents. CGAs have been associated with health benefits, such as antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activity, and others that reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the biological activities depend on the stability of CGAs, which are sensitive to pH, temperature, and light. The anti-inflammatory activity of 5-CQA is attributed to reducing the proinflammatory activity of cytokines. 5-CQA can negatively affect colon microbiota. An increase in anthocyanins and antioxidant activity was observed when CGAs extracts were added to different food matrices such as dairy products, coffee drinks, chocolate, and bakery products. The fortification of foods with coffee CGAs has the potential to improve the functionality of foods.

Exploiting the Native Microorganisms from Different Food Matrices to Formulate Starter Cultures for Sourdough Bread Production.

The use of sourdough for bread production involves fermentation, which is dominated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast. Sourdough can be inoculated with a starter culture or through a food matrix containing microorganisms to initiate sourdough fermentation. Sourdough is used as leavening agent for bread making, and metabolites produced by LAB and yeast confer a specific aroma and flavor profile to bread, thus improving its sensory attributes. However, few publications report the effect of microorganisms from different food products and by-products on sourdough fermentation. This review focuses on using different starter cultures from various food sources, from wheat flour to starter cultures. Additionally, included are the types of sourdough, the sourdough fermentation process, and the biochemical transformations that take place during the sourdough fermentation process.

Influence of Taxonomic and Functional Content of Microbial Communities on the Quality of Fermented Cocoa Pulp-Bean Mass.

Microbial metabolism drives changes in the physicochemical properties and, consequently, the sensory characteristics of fermented cocoa beans. In this context, information regarding the structure, function, and metabolic potential of microbial communities' present during cocoa pulp-bean mass fermentation is limited, especially concerning the formation of aromatic compounds. To bridge the gap, the metagenome of fermented cocoa pulp-bean mass (Criollo and Forastero) has been investigated using shotgun metagenomics coupled with physicochemical, microbiological, quality, and sensory analyses to explore the impact of microbial communities on the quality of fermented cocoa pulp-bean mass on one farm in one season and in one region under the same environmental conditions. Our findings showed that the metagenomic diversity in cocoa, the fermentation length, and the diversity and function of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) greatly influence the resulting distinctive flavors. From the metabolic perspective, multiple indicators suggest that the heterolactic metabolism was more dominant in Criollo fermentations. KEGG genes were linked with the biosynthesis of acetic acid, ethanol, lactic acid, acetoin, and phenylacetaldehyde during Criollo and Forastero fermentations. MAGs belonging to Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, and Acetobacter pasteurianus were the most prevalent. Fermentation time and roasting are the most important determinants of cocoa quality, while the difference between the two varieties are relatively minor. The assessment of microbiological and chemical analysis is urgently needed for developing fermentation protocols according to regions, countries, and cocoa varieties to guarantee safety and desirable flavor development. IMPORTANCE Monitoring the composition, structure, functionalities, and metabolic potential encoded at the level of DNA of fermented cocoa pulp-bean mass metagenome is of great importance for food safety and quality implications.

Coffee Cherry Pulp by-Product as a Potential Fiber Source for Bread Production: A Fundamental and Empirical Rheological Approach.

Effects of substituting of wheat flour with coffee cherry pulp powder (CCPP) (coffee by-product as fiber source) at 0, 1.2, 2.3, and 4.7% dry basis (0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5% wet basis) on dough and gluten rheological properties and baking quality were investigated. Rheological properties were analyzed during mixing, compression recovery, and creep-recovery. A rheological approach was adopted to study the viscoelasticity of dough enriched with fiber. The data obtained were analyzed with the Kelvin-Voigt model and the parameters were correlated to bread volume and crumb firmness to assess the effect of incorporating CCPP. A decrease in gluten's elastic properties was attributed to the water-binding and gelling properties of CCPP. Stiffness of dough and crumb firmness increased as the level of CCPP increased and bread volume decreased. Stiffer dough corresponded with lower compliance values and higher steady state viscosity compared to the control. A follow-up study with 5% CCPP and additives is recommended to overcome the reduction in elastic recovery and bread volume.

Perinatal transmission of SARS-CoV-2: Need of study by possible congenital infection / Transmisión perinatal de SARS-CoV-2: necesidad de estudio ante posible infección congénita

TITULO: TRANSMISIÓN PERINATAL DE SARS-COV-2: NECESIDAD DE ESTUDIO ANTE POSIBLE INFECCIÓN CONGÉNITA.

Biomolecules extraction from coffee and cocoa by- and co-products using deep eutectic solvents.

BACKGROUND: Coffee pulp (CP), cocoa husk (CH), and pod husk (CPH) are the main agro-residues from coffee and cocoa industries. They are sources of useful biomolecules, such as phenolic compounds, fibers, and alkaloids, among others. In this study, different compositions of deep eutectic solvents (DES) were investigated as a green and sustainable extraction media, with respect to their extraction capacity. The extraction yields were evaluated using heat stirring-assisted extraction (HSE) or ultrasound-probe assisted extraction (UPAE). RESULTS: The results showed an important effect of the DES composition. Choline chloride (ChCl) based-DES were the most effective, specifically lactic acid:ChCl (2:1 mol ratio), and the extraction capacity of DES was higher with UPAE (3 min/constant duty cycle (200 W)), in comparison with HSE (1 h/30 min). Chlorogenic acid, caffeine, and theobromine were identified as the main bioactive compounds. Interestingly, under specific conditions, DES allowed the formation of a molecule, identified as furfural by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), which could not be obtained using conventional extraction solvent (ethanol 70% v/v). CONCLUSION: DES showed a sustainability and high extraction capacity of biomolecules. In addition, their use as extraction solvents could lead to the formation and production of valuable building block molecules from plant biomass. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Identification and quantification of phytoprostanes and phytofurans of coffee and cocoa by- and co-products.

Phytoprostanes (PhytoPs) and phytofurans (PhytoFs) are isoprostanoids that result from the peroxidation of α-linolenic acid and are biomarkers of oxidative stress in plants and humans. These compounds exhibit several interesting biological activities (e.g. neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory activities). The aim of this research was to add value to coffee pulp (CP), cocoa husk (CH) and cocoa pod husk (CPH) by identifying and quantifying PhytoPs and PhytoFs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The contents of PhytoPs and PhytoFs in CP, CH, and CPH were, respectively, 654.6, 474.3 and 179.9, and 543.2, 278.0 and 393.8 ng per g dry weight (dw). The main PhytoP found in CP (171.37 ng per g dw) and CPH (37.12 ng per g dw) was 9-epi-9-F1t-PhytoP, while ent-9-L1t-PhytoP was the most abundant in CH (109.78 ng per g dw). The main PhytoF found in all sources was ent-16(RS)-13-epi-ST-Δ14-9-PhytoF, at 196.56, 126.22, and 207.57 ng per g dw in CP, CH, and CPH, respectively. We provide the first complete profile of PhytoPs and PhytoFs for these agro-residues, which could be used in the functional food industry for enriching food or as nutritional supplements.

Metabolomic Markers for the Early Selection of Coffea canephora Plants with Desirable Cup Quality Traits.

Genetic improvement of coffee plants represents a great challenge for breeders. Conventional breeding takes a too long time for responding timely to market demands, climatic variations and new biological threads. The correlation of genetic markers with the plant phenotype and final product quality is usually poor. Additionally, the creation and use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are often legally restricted and rejected by customers that demand natural products. Therefore, we developed a non-targeted metabolomics approach to accelerate conventional breeding. Our main idea was to identify highly heritable metabolites in Coffea canephora seedlings, which are linked to coffee cup quality. We employed a maternal half-sibs approach to estimate the metabolites heritability in open-pollinated plants in both leaves and fruits at an early plant development stage. We evaluated the cup quality of roasted beans and correlated highly heritable metabolites with sensory quality traits of the coffee beverage. Our results provide new insights about the heritability of metabolites of C. canephora plants. Furthermore, we found strong correlations between highly heritable metabolites and sensory traits of coffee beverage. We revealed metabolites that serve as predictive metabolite markers at an early development stage of coffee plants. Informed decisions can be made on plants of six months old, compared to 3.5 to 5 years using conventional selection methods. The metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) drastically accelerates the selection of C. canephora plants with desirable characteristics and represents a novel approach for the focused breeding of crops.

The challenges and perspectives of the selection of starter cultures for fermented cocoa beans.

Fermentation is an essential process step to develop precursor compounds for aroma and flavour characteristics of chocolate, as well as preventing germination of the cocoa bean. Despite the importance of the role of microorganisms during the chocolate production, to date, there are some discrepancies of the "cocobiota" community found during fermentation and the impact of starter culture in fermented cocoa beans. This review provides both a detailed overview of the starter cultures used in fermented cocoa beans and the microbial diversity involved during this process, and an in-depth discussion of the methods used to identify these microorganisms. In this review, we included only published articles from 2008 to 2018 in English language. A total of forty-seven studies contributed to the description of the cocobiota from 13 different countries. In detail, we observed that the most common fermentation method used is the wooden box, followed by heap. Interestingly, 37% of the studies cited in this review did not mention the type of cocoa variety studied. Most of the techniques used to identify the microbiota are fingerprinting based (DGGE); however, few studies have been using next-generation technologies to elucidate the possible functions and interactions among microbes. Our results showed a greater diversity of yeasts if compared with bacterial involved in the fermentation. This review will help researchers seeking to design starter cultures to drive cocoa bean fermentation, and thus achieve a homogenous mass of fermented cocoa beans as well as serve as a guide for assessing methodologies for the identification of microorganisms.

[Fatal invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with multiple non-classic risk factors]. / Aspergilosis pulmonar invasiva fatal en un paciente con factores de riesgo no clásicos.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary aspergillosis is a severe invasive infection that mainly affects immunocompromised patients, causing a great mortality. CLINICAL CASE: We present a male patient with chronic ethilism, diabetes mellitus, and work exposure of inhalated harmful chemicals, who had a fatal outcome, that even when not presenting typical risk factors, developed a clinical presentation compatible, and mycological evaluation that support the diagnosis of a probably invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. CONCLUSION: The effect of the combination of the described non-typical situations as predisposing factors for pulmonary aspergillosis requires further research, given that they are non-typical factors.

INTRODUCCIÓN: la aspergilosis pulmonar es una infección invasiva severa que afecta principalmente a pacientes inmunocomprometidos y representa una causa importante de mortalidad. CASO CLÍNICO: presentamos un paciente con antecedentes de etilismo crónico, diabetes mellitus y exposición laboral recurrente a sustancias químicas nocivas inhaladas, quien tuvo un desenlace fatal, y que, incluso al no presentar factores de riesgo típicos, desarrolló una presentación clínica compatible y tuvo estudios micológicos que apoyan el diagnóstico de una probable aspergilosis invasiva. CONCLUSIÓN: el efecto de la combinación de tales situaciones no típicas como factores predisponentes de aspergilosis pulmonar amerita mayor investigación, dado que se trata de factores de riesgo no típicos.

La obesidad materna y el recién nacido macrosómico en el Instituto Especializado Materno Perinatal, Lima 2003-2005 / Maternal obesity and the newborn with macrosomia in the Specialized Institute Materno Perinatal, Lima 2003-2005

OBJETIVO: Determinar la relación entre la obesidad al inicio, en el segundo y tercer trimestre del embarazo y los recién nacidos macrosómicos atendidos en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal durante el periodo 2003-2005. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Se realizo un estudio analítico, prospectivo en la cual se siguió a dos cohortes de gestantes, la primera gestantes con adecuado peso pregestacional o sobrepeso y la segunda gestantes con obesidad materna pregestacional. Se procedió a recolectar datos de la gestante, según su peso al inicio del control prenatal y subsiguientes controles, hasta el parte con registros del resultado neonatal. Posteriormente se determino la influencia entre el peso materna en el segundo y tercer trimestre con el resultado macrosómico del recién nacido. Se procedió al análisis descriptivo, a través de porcentajes, promedios y desviaciones estándar. Para la determinación de las pruebas de hipótesis se procedió a estadísticas inferenciales significativos con un nivel de significación estadística alfa menor a 0,05. Para la determinación de la influencia se procedió a la utilización del Riesgo Relativo (RR) con sus intervalos de confianza al 95 por ciento. RESULTADOS: La obesidad al inicio, en el segundo y tercer trimestre del embarazo se encontró fuertemente relacionada con los recién nacidos macrosómicos, así mismo la talla materna y la ganancia de peso en el 2do y 3er trimestre. CONCLUSION: La ganancia de peso en el tercer y segundo trimestre durante la gestación influye más en el peso del recién nacido independientemente del peso pregestacional.

Resultados perinatales en fetos del segundo trimestre con fémur corto aislado / Perinatal outcomes in second-trimester fetuses with isolated short femur

Antecedentes: El hallazgo ecográfico de fémur corto (longitud menor del percentil 5) en la valoración ecográfica rutinaria del feto del segundo trimestre plantea un desafío diagnóstico y de manejo. Clásicamente ha sido asociado a cromosomopatías y displasia esquelética. Existen pocos reportes que valoran los resultados perinatales de los fetos con fémur corto en el examen del segundo trimestre. Objetivos: Determinar la asociación de fetos con fémur corto aislado en fetos del segundo trimestre y recién nacidos con restricción del crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU) y su asociación con otros resultados perinatales adversos. Diseño: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. Institución: Unidad de Medicina Fetal, Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Perú. Participantes: Gestantes de 16 a 28 semanas. Intervenciones: Para cumplir con el tamaño muestral, se seleccionó los fetos evaluados durante el periodo de tres años (2006 a 2008) que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se clasificó los fetos de 278 gestantes de 16 a 28 semanas en dos grupos: 89 con longitud de fémur corto aislado como único hallazgo, sin RCIU al momento de la evaluación (casos), y 189 fetos con longitud de fémur normal (controles). Se excluyó las gestantes cuyos fetos tenían anormalidades cromosómicas o estructurales y aquellas gestaciones con embarazos múltiples. Se realizó un análisis univariado mostrando porcentajes y medidas de tendencia central y un análisis bivariado con la prueba t, para las variables continuas, y la prueba exacta de Fisher, para las variables categóricas. Principales medidas de resultados: Asociación del fémur corto fetal con complicaciones fetales y maternas. Resultados: El grupo de fetos con fémur corto aislado tuvo recién nacidos con peso promedio significativamente menor que las gestantes de fetos con longitud de fémur normal, con una diferencia estadística y clínicamente significativa de 412,3 g (P=0,000), encontrándose un mayor porcentaje de recién nacidos con RCIU.

Background: The finding of short femur (length below the 5th centile) at second trimester ultrasound examination is a diagnostic challenge. Classically, the short femur has been associated to chromosomal abnormalities and skeletal dysplasias. A few reports have been published on fetuses with isolated short femur outcomes. Objectives: To determine perinatal outcomes in the second-trimester fetuses with isolated short femur and to determine its association with fetal growth restriction. Design: Retrospective cohort study, also called historical or concurrent study. Setting: Fetal Medicine Unit, InstitutoNacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru. Participants: Women with 16 to 28 weeks pregnancies. Interventions: The sample size was drawn from our 2006-2008 databases and consisted in 278 fetuses 16 to 28 weeks who had ultrasound examination. We categorized two groups: fetuses with isolated short femur (cases) and fetuses with normal femur length (controls). We excluded from analysis fetuses with abnormalities or multiple gestations. T-student bivariated analysis was done to compare continuous variables and categorical variables were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test. Main outcome measures: Association of fetal short femur with fetal and maternal complications. Results: Fetuses with isolated short femur showed significantly lower mean birth weight by 412,3 g (p=0,000). Odds ratio for growth restriction was 2,32 (95%CI: 1,03-5,23). Additionally we observed more cases of mothers developing preeclampsia (11,2% vs. 2,1%, p=0,001) and gestational hypertension (11,2% vs. 4,8%, p= 0,046). Also, fetuses with isolated short femur had more frequently 5 minute Apgar score <7 than fetuses with normal femur (4,5% vs. 0,5%, p=0,02). There were two cases of neonatal death in fetuses with isolated short femur. Conclusions: Isolated short femur in second-trimester fetuses is associated with growth restriction, preeclampsia, and gestational hypertension.

Búsqueda e identificación de anticuerpos irregulares en la población de Antofagasta / Screening and identification of irregular antibodies in population of Antofagasta

In the last years, the medicine transfusional has generated big advances in the area of the conservation and managing of the blood fractions, especially in the detection of incompatibilities between donors and recipients, using monoclonal antibodies powerful and new methods that detect antibodies in very low concentrations. The majority of the blood banks agree to provide compatible blood for the antigens ABO and Rho (D), because opposite to them the antibodies produce the more severe transfusional reactions. Nevertheless, there are many reactions that seemingly slip by for the clinical one in 4 hours later to the transfusion, period in which a narrower alertness is had in the patient. These antibodies (irregular antibodies) involved in many late reactions are capable of haemolyse red cells incompatible after 12, 24 or up to 72 hours of realized the transfusion, causing the death to the patient when the haemolysis is intravascular, without its manages to suspect that the reason was a reaction transfusional. This work had as general aim detect and identify the presence of irregular antibodies in samples tried of recipients and donors of the Bank of Blood of the Regional Hospital of Antofagasta, proving that the major number corresponded to the system Kell, with an incident of 25.42% of the Anti K O positive, 16.95% of the Anti K A positive.

En los últimos años, la medicina transfusional ha generado grandes avances en el área de la conservación y manejo de las fracciones sanguíneas, especialmente en la detección de icompatibidades entre donantes y receptores, utilizando antisueros monoclonales potentes y nuevos métodos que detectan anticuerpo concentraciones muy bajas. La mayoría de bancos de sangre se conforman, con proporcionar sangre compatible para los antígenos ABO y (D), porque frente a ellos los anticuerpos producen las reacciones transfusionales más severas. Sin embargo, hay muchas reacciones que aparentemente pasan inadvertidas para el clínico en las 4 horas posteriores a la transfusión, período en el que se tiene una vigilancia más estrecha en el paciente. Estos anticuerpos (anticuerpos irregulares) implicados en muchas reacciones tardías son capaces de hemolizar eritrocito es incompatibles después de 12, 24 o hasta 72 horas de realizada la transfusión, ocasionando la muerte al paciente cuando la hemólisis es intravascular, sin que se llegue a sospechar que la causa fue una reacción transfusional. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo general detectar e identificar la presencia de anticuerpos irregulares en muestras procesadas de receptores y donantes del Banco de Sangre del Hospital Regional de Antofagasta, resultando que el mayor número correspondió al sistema Kell, con una incidencia de 25,42% del Anti K O positivo, 16,95% del Anti K A positivo.

Effect of the post-harvest processing procedure on OTA occurrence in artificially contaminated coffee.

The purpose of this work was to study how the type of post-harvest process, i.e. natural preparation known as the dry method, and two wet processes, affected contamination and toxin production up to the green coffee stage. Batches were contaminated with ochratoxin A or with OTA-producing strains of Aspergillus ochraceus and Aspergillus niger. For OTA artificial contamination, hulling or husk removal caused a reduction of OTA. When A. ochraceus was inoculated at low level, its growth was hampered by indigenous mould flora contrary that observed with A. niger. The fungal counts and OTA assays showed that the best way of limiting the development and impact of contaminating toxigenic flora "from the field" was the physical wet method.

Postnatal development of the afferent projections from the dorsomedial thalamic nucleus to the frontal cortex in mice.

The postnatal development of mediodorsal thalamic projections to the dorsomedial frontal cortex of mice was assessed by means of the retrograde peroxidase-colloidal gold complex tract tracing system. The tracer was injected into the dorsomedial frontal cortex from the day of birth (P0) to 60 days of postnatal age (P60). Since birth, a dense retrograde labeling has been found in the mediodorsal nucleus, which increased progressively from P4 to P8 and began to decrease at P10 until P13 (67.37% vs. the maximal average, P4). After P16, the mean average remains stable up to P60.

Terapia trombolítica del infarto agudo del miocardio / Trombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction

Se presentan los resultados del estudio prospectivo del uso de la Streptokinasa como terapia trombolítica en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio, realizado en el Hospital General de Enfermedad Común del IGSS, durante los meses de enero-agosto de 1992. Se incluyeron los pacientes con infarto diagnósticado por clínica, electrocardiograma y enzimas cardíacas, menores de 75 años, con menos de 24 hrs. de inicio del dolor. A todos se les aplicó tratamiento con Streptokinasa 1.5 millones de unidades intravenosa. 29 pacientes llenaron los criterios ya mencionados, oscilando de 24 a 75 años, con un mayor porcentaje entre los 40 y 60 años (55/100); de los cuales el 90/100 pertenenecían al sexo masculino. Por Killip al ingreso, el mayor porcentaje se agrupó en el primer grado (55/100), con 4 casos de Killip del grupo IV inclusive. La supersificie cardíaca anterolateral resultó ser la m s afectada (39/100). La trombolisis se aplicó en promedio 6 horas después de inicio del dolor (75/100 de los pacientes), aplicando en un caso 36 horas después por extensión del infarto. Las complicaciones se presentaron en un escaso porcentaje, 3 arritmias de reperfusión no significativas 4 pacientes con hemorragia: l gastrointestinal y 3 con hematuria, 2 con hipotensión; siendo la mortalidad en general de un 13/100, distruibuidos estos últimos en estadíos Killip III y IV. La estancia en general fue de 7 días promedio y 4 días en intensivo. Se recomienda el utilizar la Streptokinasa como terapia trombolítica en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio, que cumplan criterios según protocolos previamente establecidos y dar seguimiento a la experiencia en nuestro hospital

Calculo de edificios al sismo mediante computadora por el metodo modal

La finalidad de este estudio, consiste en determinar los esfuerzos suplementarios que se originan en un edificio durante un terremoto de cierta intensidad. Una vez determinados podrian dimensionarse las estructuras en condiciones economicas optimas. El desarrollo de la informatica revoluciono los metodos de calculo, pudiendo ser utilizados para determinar los efectos del sismo sobre cualquier tipo de edificio. En el presente trabajo se realiza el calculo considerando el efecto del sismo sobre una estructura dada, aplicando los elementos mas modernos de la tecnica y todos los conocimientos sobre sismologia. El metodo que se utiliza es el de MODAL que investiga los efectos maximos de las solicitaciones sismicas, y que aca se desarrollara ampliamente. Se organiza un programa completo en lenguaje FORTRAN (en su ultima version DEC 10).