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1.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med ; 33(20): 3409-3417, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30786784

RESUMO

Objective: Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis are the most common microorganisms found in the amniotic fluid of patients at risk for preterm delivery. However, culture techniques for genital mycoplasms require special conditions, are barely considered as part of the evaluation of suspected intra-amniotic infection (IAI) and the results are available within 2 and 7 days. The objectives of this study are to validate the use of two commercially available kits (Mycoplasma IES y MYCOFAST® RevolutioN) for the identification of Ureaplasma spp. and Mycoplasma hominis in amniotic fluid, to compare the results of these kits with those obtained by culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and to report the antibiotic sensitivity profile of the genital mycoplasms identified.Methods: This is a prospective cohort study including women with singleton and twin gestations between 16 and 36 weeks. Patients were admitted to perform an amniocentesis due to pregnancy complications considered at high risk for IAI (e.g. preterm labor with intact membranes, preterm prelabour rupture of membranes, short cervix, etc.), treatment of polyhydramnios, and for the assessment of fetal death and fever without a focus.Results: Overall, 93 patients underwent amniocentesis and 63 had results available for all tests. The prevalence of a positive culture was 6% (4/63). There were four cases of Ureaplasma spp. and none of Mycoplasma hominis. The qPCR identified one case as Ureaplasma spp., one case as Ureaplasma parvum and two cases as Ureaplasma urealyticum. For all tests, the diagnostic performance was as follows: sensitivity 100% [95% CI (39.8-100%)], specificity 100% [95% CI (93.9-100%)], positive predictive value 100% [95% CI (39.8-100%)] and negative predictive value 100% [95% CI (93.9-100%)]. In this cohort, Ureaplasma spp. showed low resistance to erythromycin, but a high resistance to clindamycin and clarithromycin that may change according to the antibiotic concentration.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study that validates the use of the Mycoplasma IES and MYCOFAST® RevolutioN kits for the identification of genital mycoplasmas in amniotic fluid. The results of these kits are mostly available within 24 hours, have an excellent correlation with those from broth cultures and qPCR and characterize the antibiotic sensitivity profile of the genital mycoplasms identified, providing an opportunity for specific treatment in cases of IAI. Further validation studies in other populations are needed.


Assuntos
Mycoplasma hominis , Infecções por Ureaplasma , Líquido Amniótico , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Ureaplasma , Infecções por Ureaplasma/diagnóstico , Infecções por Ureaplasma/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Ureaplasma/epidemiologia , Ureaplasma urealyticum
2.
ARS med. (Santiago, En línea) ; 43(1): 20-24, 2018. Tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1022454

RESUMO

Introducción: La rotura prematura ovular (RPO) antes de la viabilidad fetal consiste en una complicación obstétrica de baja incidencia, pero de alta morbimortalidad perinatal asociada. Estudios sugieren que el volumen de líquido amniótico (LA) es un factor importante a considerar. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar si en RPO ≤24 semanas, un bolsillo vertical máximo (BVM) <2cm al diagnóstico es un factor de riesgo para aparición de morbimortalidad fetal y neonatal. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte longitudinal retrospectivo de 94 pacientes con RPO ≤24 semanas ingresadas a un hospital terciario para manejo expectante entre los años 2005 y 2014. Embarazo gemelar o malformaciones congénitas fueron criterios de exclusión. Se obtuvieron y compararon 2 grupos según BVM al ingreso (BVM ≥ 2 cm y BVM < a 2 cms) y se comparó la edad gestacional (EG) al momento de la RPO y al parto, la latencia desde la RPO al parto, la presencia de corioamnionitis clínica, el número de óbitos fetales, muerte neonatal precoz (primeros 7 días de vida), tardía (entre los 7 y 28 días) y sobrevida global. Resultados: El 58 por ciento de las pacientes presentó un BVM <2 cm al ingreso, el cual se asoció a menor latencia al parto (p:0,01), menor EG al parto (p:0,02), más óbito fetal (p:0,04), mayor muerte neonatal precoz y tardía (p:0,02 y 0,01 respectivamente) además de menor sobrevida global (p:0,01). Conclusiones: La medición de BVM <2 cm al ingreso en pacientes con RPO ≤24 semanas, es un factor de mal pronóstico y debe ser considerado en el manejo clínico de estas pacientes.(AU)


Introduction: Previable premature rupture of membranes (pPROM) is a low-incidence obstetric complication associated with high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Studies suggest that the volume of amniotic fluid (AL) is an important factor to consider. The aim of this study is to evaluate if in RPO ≤24 weeks, a maximum vertical pocket (MVP) <2 cm to the diagnostic is a risk factor for fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Objectives: Evaluate fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality according to amniotic fluid (AL) Maximum Vertical Pocket (MVP) ≥ or

Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Ruptura Prematura de Membranas Fetais , Doenças do Recém-Nascido , Morbidade , Assistência Perinatal
3.
Actual. SIDA. infectol ; 25(96): 47-53, 20170000. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1355130

RESUMO

Objetivos: Analizar las características de la población y determinar frecuente de infección por VIH. Método: Se realizó un estudio analítico descriptivo de corte transversal mediante análisis retrospectivo de los datos reportados en dos cohortes de seguimiento de pacientes de dos hospitales de la región oeste del Conurbano de Buenos Aires.Resultados: Analizamos las HC de 211 pacientes. Sexo femenino 108 (51,2 %), masculino 102 (48,3 %) y transgénero 1 (0,5 %). El modo primario de trans-misión se describió como heterosexual en el 89 % de los pacientes. El recuento de CD4 fue menor a 200 cel/ml en 60,2 % de los pacientes y menor a 350 cel/ml en el 77 %. Al momento de diagnóstico de infección presentaban un evento marcador de sida 65 pacientes (30 %) y se hallaban sintomáticos 86 (40,8 %). Ser de sexo masculino (OR 3,1 IC95 % 1,7-5,6), presentar edad de 45 años o superior (OR 4.0 IC95 % 2,1-7,8), y estar desempleado o con empleo informal (OR 3,3 IC95 % 1,8-5,9) se asociaron estadísticamente a EA tanto en el análisis bivariado como en el multivariado mientras que haber ingresado al nivel secundario de educación se asoció con baja posibilidad sólo en el bivariado. Conclusiones: Observamos una elevada frecuencia de EA en la población estudiada caracterizada como asociada desde el punto de vista estadístico al sexo masculino, la falta de empleo y la edad superior a los 45 años. La situación de los hombres referidos asi-mismo como heterosexuales debería ser especialmente estudiada


Objectives: To analyze characteristics of the population and determine frequency and possible associated factors with advanced disease (AD) at the time of diagnosis of HIV infection.Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. Retrospective analysis of the reported data in two patient follow-up cohorts of two hospitals of the western region of Buenos Aires.Results: We analyzed HCs from 211 patients. Female gender 108 (51.2%), male 102 (48.3%) and transgender 1 (0.5%). The primary mode of transmission was described as heterosexual in 89% of patients. The CD4 count was less than 200 cells / ml in 60.2% of patients and less than 350 cells / ml in 77%. At the time of diagnosis of infection, 65 patients (30%) had an AIDS event and were symptomatic 86 (40.8%). Male sex (OR 3.1 IC95% 1.7-5.6), age of 45 years or above (OR 4.0 IC95% 2.1-7.8), and to be unemployed or with informal employment (OR 3.3 IC95% 1.8-5.9) were statistically associated to EA in both the bivariate and multivariate analyzes, while have begun the secondary level of education was associated with a low probability only in the bivariate. Conclusions: We observed a high frequency of AD in the studied population. characterized as statistically associated to male sex, lack of employment and age above 45 years. The situation of men referred as heterosexual should be specially evaluated


Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos de Coortes , Teste de HIV , Infecções/diagnóstico
4.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 77(2): 85-88, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28463211

RESUMO

Pregnancy and postpartum control in HIV infected women. We present data from a retrospective observational descriptive study with the objective of evaluating characteristics of HIV-infected pregnant women, analyze the level of control of pregnancy and assess adherence to treatment and loss of follow up after delivery. We analyzed reported data of 104 pregnancies, 32.7% of them under 25 years old. The diagnosis was performed as part of pregnancy control in 36.5% of women. TARV started before 24 weeks of pregnancy in 70% of them and a regimen with 2 nucleos(t)ides and 1 ritonavir potenciated protease inhibitor (PIr) was prescribed in 84.5%. Elective c-section was the most frequent mode of delivery. The viral load after 32 weeks of pregnancy was available in 82.7%, being less than 1000 cop/ml in 78 (75%), less than 200 cop/ml in 70 (67.3%) and not available in 18 (17.3%) of cases. We observed a considered high rate of adherence failure and loss of follow up after delivery. Reported data should alert programs on the need to implement strategies to promote early pregnancy control and increase adherence and retention in care, especially in the postpartum period.


Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas/prevenção & controle , Adesão à Medicação/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Western Blotting , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Esquema de Medicação , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Período Pós-Parto , Gravidez , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Carga Viral , Adulto Jovem
5.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 77(2): 85-88, Apr. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-894437

RESUMO

Presentamos los datos de un estudio descriptivo observacional retrospectivo realizado con el objetivo de evaluar las características de las mujeres embarazadas infectadas por HIV, analizar el nivel de control del embarazo y evaluar la adherencia al tratamiento y las pérdidas de seguimiento posterior al parto. Analizamos los datos informados de 104 embarazos, 32.7% de mujeres menores de 25 años. El diagnóstico se realizó durante el control del embarazo en 36.5% de ellos. La terapia antirretroviral (TARV) se inició antes de la semana 24 en 70% de los embarazos. El régimen utilizado incluyó 2 nucleós(t)idos + 1 inhibidor de la proteasa potenciado con ritonavir (IPr) en 84.5% de los casos. La cesárea electiva fue el modo mas frecuente de parto. La carga viral luego de la semana 32 de embarazo estaba disponible en el 82.7% de las pacientes siendo menor a 1000 copias/ml en 78 (75%) y menor a 200 en 70 (67.3%), no hallándose disponible en 18 (17.3%) de los casos. Observamos una alta frecuencia de fallos de adherencia y pérdidas de seguimiento posteriores al parto. Los datos comunicados deben alertar a los programas y centro de atención sobre la necesidad de implementar estrategias que promuevan el control temprano del embarazo e incrementen la adherencia y la retención en cuidado, especialmente en el período posterior al parto.


We present data from a retrospective observational descriptive study with the objective of evaluating characteristics of HIV-infected pregnant women, analyze the level of control of pregnancy and assess adherence to treatment and loss of follow up after delivery. We analyzed reported data of 104 pregnancies, 32.7% of them under 25 years old. The diagnosis was performed as part of pregnancy control in 36.5% of women. TARV started before 24 weeks of pregnancy in 70% of them and a regimen with 2 nucleos(t)ides and 1 ritonavir potenciated protease inhibitor (PIr) was prescribed in 84.5%. Elective c-section was the most frequent mode of delivery. The viral load after 32 weeks of pregnancy was available in 82.7%, being less than 1000 cop/ml in 78 (75%), less than 200 cop/ml in 70 (67.3%) and not available in 18 (17.3%) of cases. We observed a considered high rate of adherence failure and loss of follow up after delivery. Reported data should alert programs on the need to implement strategies to promote early pregnancy control and increase adherence and retention in care, especially in the postpartum period.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas/prevenção & controle , Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Adesão à Medicação/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Esquema de Medicação , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Western Blotting , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Carga Viral , Período Pós-Parto
6.
Steroids ; 77(1-2): 59-66, 2012 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22061618

RESUMO

We report a facile protocol to obtain 22-substituted furostans and pseudosapogenins in high yields from (25R)- and (25S)-sapogenins. This method involves the treatment of the sapogenin with acetic-trifluoroacetic mixed anhydride and BF(3)·OEt(2) at room temperature, followed by the addition of a nucleophile (H(2)O, MeOH or KSeCN). In the case of 22-hydroxyfurostans, they can be transformed to pseudosapogenins by treatment with p-toluensulfonic acid.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/síntese química , Química Farmacêutica , Sapogeninas/síntese química , Espirostanos/química , Anidridos Acéticos , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/análise , Benzenossulfonatos/química , Boranos/química , Cianetos/química , Fluoracetatos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Metanol/química , Estrutura Molecular , Sapogeninas/análise , Espirostanos/análise , Estereoisomerismo , Temperatura , Ácido Trifluoracético/química , Água/química
7.
Rev. mex. patol. clín ; 46(2): 69-73, abr.-jun. 1999. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-254602

RESUMO

La determinación de células T CD4+ y CD8+ por citometría de flujo es uno de los métodos de laboratorio de mayor utilidad en el manejo de los pacientes infectados con los virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana; sin embargo, su complejidad técnica e instrumental y su elevado costo han limitado su empleo, lo que ha llevado a la búsqueda de tecnologías alternativas lo suficientemente precisas y costo-efectivas como para poder emplearlas en cualquier nivel de atención médica. En este trabajo, el estudio de una de estas tecnologías alternativas la citometría capilar volumétrica (Equipo IMAGN 2000, Imagin Co) comparada con la citometría de flujo (equipo Epics Profile II, Coulter Co), en la determinación de subpoblaciones linfocitarias CD4+ y CD8+ en 29 pacientes con SIDA, mostró en términos de precisión y reproducibilidad 100 por ciento de correlación en los resultados obtenidos con ambos métodos en los niveles de células CD4+ y CD8+. La citometría capilar volumétrica demostró ser una alternativa precisa, totalmente automatizada, sencilla en su manejo, sobre todo para clínicas y hospitales que habitualmente no realizan citometría de flujo


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/citologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/citologia , Fluorescência , Citometria de Fluxo/instrumentação , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/imunologia , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Contagem de Linfócito CD4/instrumentação , Técnicas Citológicas
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