Migration of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from PVC child articles into saliva and saliva simulant.

A simple migration test and a more complicated simulation of children's sucking and biting was used to establish migration of DEHP from PVC child-use articles into saliva and compared to a mimic test. The static migration test of a film containing approximately 30% DEHP with saliva simulant gave the lowest values of DEHP; simple shaking increased the amounts of DEHP from 25 +/- 8 to 499 +/- 153 micrograms/g film. The more complicated arrangements to simulate sucking and biting are not so suitable for standard applications. When comparing the in vitro migration tests with the mimic test the factors were 25 and 29 for the static tests (3 and 6 hours) and 1.4 for the shaking test.

[Chemical and microbiological studies of microwave-treated milk]. / Chemische und mikrobiologische Untersuchungen an mikrowellenbehandelter Milch.

Pasteurized milk was treated with microwaves for 2.5 minutes (2450 MHz, 650 W). Important chemical components (vitamin A, beta-carotin, vitamins B1, B2, C, E; activity of peroxidase, xanthinoxidase; content of fat and peroxides, percentage of solids, content of raw protein, content of all microorganisms and storage stability were examined. Ascorbic acid (reduction of 36%) and alpha-tocopherol (reduction of 17%) were influenced by microwave treatment, whereas other chemical parameters, odor and flavor remained unchanged. The content of microorganisms was reduced from about 10(4) to 10(2) per milliliter. Untreated milk had a content of 10(7) microorganisms per milliliter after 10 days storage at 8 degrees C and a taste of acidity, whereas in milk treated with microwaves only 10(4) microorganisms per ml were identified and no organoleptic changes could be observed after 14 days storage at 8 degrees C.

[The migration of acetaldehyde from polyethylene terephthalate bottles for fresh beverages containing carbonic acid]. / Untersuchungen zur Migration von Acetaldehyd aus Polyethylenterephthalat-Flaschen für kohlensäurehaltige Erfrischungsgetränke.

The migration of acetaldehyde from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) under various conditions was analysed by headspace gas chromatography and flame ionisation detection. The residual amounts of new PET bottles were about 6.3 mg/kg with a migration value of 200 micrograms/l. On studying the migration at different temperatures and times, behaviour curves characteristic of packing materials made from plastics are obtained. The amount of acetaldehyde diffusing from PET at a temperature of 40 degrees C reached a constant level after 4 days which was about 10% of the residual value of acetaldehyde. On increasing the temperature by 20 degrees C, this level was raised up to 50%. The results of the analysis of acetaldehyde in soft drinks containing carbonic acid show that the migration in fact is not sufficiently high to influence the taste of these soft drinks. A negative effect on the taste may be recognized with mineral waters and soda when they are exposed to higher temperatures (e.g. 40 degrees C or more) over a longer period of time.

[Ozone-oxygen therapy for gynecologic carcinomas. The effect of parenteral-ozone oxygen mixture administration on free fatty acids and triglycerides in patients with gynecologic carcinomas]. / Ozon-Sauerstoff-Therapie bei gynäkologischen Karzinomen. Der Einfluss von parenteraler Ozon-Sauerstoff-Gemisch-Applikation auf freie Fettsäuren und Triglyzeride bei Patientinnen mit gynäkologischen Karzinomen.

As some authors suspect that ozone influences the metabolic process of fat, we tried to analyse the influence of an ozone-oxygen gas which was applied parenterally. 40 patients with gynecological cancer received 10 ml ozone-oxygen gas with a content of 450 gamma ozone and venous blood was removed before and 10 minutes after application. The serum was lyophilized and the level of fatty acids and triglycerids was determined by the method of Randerath (1965). a statistically significant decrease of the concentrations was observed after application of ozone. Different theories as to the cause of this action are discussed.

Methods for water resistance testing of sun protection products.

Synopsis Water resistance of sun protection products has been found to be best determined by the following methods: (1) Tests for determining UVL filter adherence to merino wool; this gives a rough value for orientation. Values in excess of 6% are suggestive of satisfactory adherence. (2) Tests for determining water resistance of sunscreen products on pig skin constitute a further essential step. Values in excess of 50% provide a realistic basis for tests in humans. In addition to filter adherence the product base, i.e. primarily the emulsifiers, are of special significance. Adequate results can be obtained with both W/O and O/W systems. Tests on volunteers are best done at the time of determining the sun protection factor, i.e. when simulating the events during a 2-3 h sunbath. Simulation should involve a single application of the test product in a pre-defined quantity and all activities conmmonly done in sunlight, e.g. swimming, as well as intermittent exercises to induce sweating. Values are considered as excellent, if 1 MED is not exceeded after 3 h exposure. Sun protection products with this characteristic qualify as adequate 'all-day' sunscreen for individuals with average sensitivity.

Metabolic studies of Hg-203 on Chlamydomonas reinhardi.

Sterile cultures of Chlamydomonas reinhardi, WT+, were treated with Hg-203 at 25 degrees C to identify probably formed volatile mercury compounds. Experiments were performed with living and dead cells under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, respectively, and the mercury concentration was measured in the system algae/nutrient medium. We found a timerelated decrease of mercury concentration in the cell suspension and the cell-free nutrient medium due to a reduction of Hg++ to Hg0, probably caused by extracellular enzymes; monomethyl or dimethyl mercury could not be detected.

Serum levels of 8-methoxypsoralen 2 hours after oral administration.

Serum levels of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) were determined 2 hours after oral administration and found to vary considerably among psoriatic patients. There was no definite correlation between the 8-MOP serum level, the dose of 8-MOP/kg body weight ingested, and the minimal phototoxic UVA dose.

[Malabsorption and vitamin B1 deficiency in familial acrodystrophic neuropathies (author's transl)]. / Malabsorption und Vitamin-B1-Mangel bei familiären ulzeromutilierenden Neuropathien

9 members of 4 families with familial acrodystrophic neuropathies were investigated. Lowered levels of vitamin B1 (thiamine pyrophosphate) were found in all cases except one. In this patient, as in 10 healthy control persons, normal values were obtained. The D-xylose test, which was carried out in 4 patients from 3 families, revealed intestinal malabsorption in all cases. It is suggested that malabsorption and deficiency of vitamin B1 as demonstrated in this report play a role in the development of these familial disorders.

[Phospholipids under combined ozone-oxygen administration]. / Phospholipide unter parenteraler ozon-sauerstoff-gemisch-applikation

The parenterally application of oxygen-ozone gas mixture gives good resultats in the treatment of various deseases. Ozone seems to influence the metabolic process of fat, so it was of interest to analyse this influence especially to phospholipids. 40 women with gynaecological cancer got 10 ml oxygen-ozone gas mixture with a content of 450 gamma ozone into the cubital vene. Venous blood was removed before and 10 minutes after application and the level of lecithin, lysolecithin, cephalin and spingomyelin was determined by the method of Randerath. A decrease of all four substances was obvious, although all values remained in normal range.