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BACKGROUND: Most endoscopists believe that higher resolution improves lesion detection rates. However, existing studies primarily compared the detection rates of white light endoscopy (WLE) and other imaging modalities. Our previous study demonstrated the advantages of magnifying endoscopy from general endoscopy for lesion detection, prompting further investigation into the variations in lesion detection rates across endoscopes with different resolutions. METHODS: Endoscopic and corresponding pathological data from our medical unit over the past 5 years were analyzed. We excluded specific-purpose endoscopic procedures to ensure the natural randomization of the data. Baseline adjustment and risk factor analyses used multi-group propensity score matching and logistic regression. RESULTS: The overall lesion detection rate was significantly higher with high-quality endoscopy (Q-endoscopy) compared to high-definition endoscopy (H-endoscopy) and high definition and quality endoscopy (HQ-endoscopy) (34.4% vs. 30.2% vs. 29.6%, P = 0.001). Similar results were observed for elevated lesions (25.7% vs. 21.0% vs. 22.9%, P = 0.001) and depressed lesions (6.6% vs. 6.2% vs. 3.6%, P < 0.001). HQ-endoscopy had a superior detection rate for superficial lesions compared to both H- and Q-endoscopies (3.0% vs. 2.8% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.041). However, there were no significant differences in neoplastic detection rate or missed neoplastic lesion rate among the three groups. CONCLUSION: Q-endoscopy is superior in detecting non-superficial lesions, while HQ-endoscopy is better at detecting superficial lesions. However, there were no statistically significant differences in detecting or omitting neoplastic lesions among the three endoscopic examinations.
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STUDY DESIGN: Systematic Review. OBJECTIVES: Compare the outcomes of stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) and LLIF with supplemental posterior instrumentation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease by a Meta-analysis. METHODS: In this meta-analysis, we searched Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases from inception to Aug 2023. In this study, only study reporting stand-alone LLIF(stand-alone group) and LLIF with supplemental posterior instrumentation (posterior instrumentation group) in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease and we excluded duplicate publications, research without full text, incomplete information or inability to conduct data extraction, animal experiments, reviews, and systematic reviews. STATA 15.1 software was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Among the 15 included articles, the total number of patients was 1177, with 469 patients (638 fused segments) in the standalone group and 708 patients (1046 fused segments) in the posterior instrumentation group. The posterior instrumentation group was better than stand-alone group with significant differences in fusion rate, cage subsidence rate,the restoration of disc height and segmental lordosis, the improvement of ODI, and reoperation rate. While, comparing with posterior instrumentation group,the stand-alone group had less intraoperative blood loss. CONCLUSIONS: Both stand-alone and instrumented LLIF were effective in improving the clinical outcomes of patients with lumbar degenerative disease. However, the stand-alone LLIF was associated with lower fusion rate, inferior maintenance of indirect decompression, and higher reoperation rate due to high-grade cage subsidence. For patients with risk factors of high-grade cage subsidence, the LLIF with posterior instrumentation may be a better choice.
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BACKGROUND: To date, a consensus on the relative efficacy and safety of CO2 fractional laser versus erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) fractional laser treatments for atrophic acne scars has not been reached. This meta-analysis aims to systematically assess and compare their effectiveness and safety in clinical practice. METHODS: For this meta-analysis, we conducted comprehensive searches in Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, covering publications from their inception up to August 2023. Our focus was on studies comparing fractional CO2 laser with Er:YAG fractional laser treatments for atrophic acne scars. We excluded duplicate publications, research lacking full-text access, incomplete data, or cases where data extraction was not feasible. Additionally, animal experiments, reviews, and systematic reviews were not considered. Data analysis was performed using STATA 15.1. RESULTS: Eight studies (seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and a retrospective study) were included in this meta-analysis. The sample size ranged from 28 to 106 with a total of 418 patients, including 210 in the CO2 fractional group and 208 in Er:YAG fractional group. The pooled results showed that the effective rate of CO2 fractional laser in treating atrophic acne scar was significantly higher than that of Er:YAG fractional laser (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.08-3.01) and the downtime of CO2 fractional laser in treating atrophic acne scar was significantly shorter than that of Er:YAG fractional laser (Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) = -2.11, 95% CI: -3.11 to -1.10). In addition, VAS of CO2 fractional laser in treating atrophic acne scar was significantly higher than that of Er:YAG fractional laser (WMD = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.32-2.21) and the duration of erythema of CO2 fractional laser in treating atrophic acne scar was significantly longer than that of Er:YAG fractional laser (WMD = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.63-2.07). However, there was no significant difference in the duration of pain and incidence of PIHbetween CO2 fractional laser and of Er:YAG fractional laser. CONCLUSION: When it comes to treating atrophic acne scars, CO2 fractional laser demonstrates superior efficacy and leads to shorter downtime. However, it is important to note that CO2 fractional laser treatments tend to result in higher pain intensity and may carry a higher risk of post-treatment pigmentation compared to Er:YAG fractional laser procedures.
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Acne Vulgar , Cicatriz , Lasers de Gás , Lasers de Estado Sólido , Humanos , Acne Vulgar/complicações , Acne Vulgar/radioterapia , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Lasers de Estado Sólido/efeitos adversos , Lasers de Gás/uso terapêutico , Lasers de Gás/efeitos adversos , Cicatriz/etiologia , Cicatriz/terapia , Resultado do Tratamento , Atrofia/etiologia , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/efeitos adversos , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/instrumentaçãoRESUMO
Background: The relationship between plaque psoriasis and both MASLD and lean MASLD has not been sufficiently explored in the current literature. Method: This retrospective and observational study was carried out from January 2021 to January 2023 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Patients diagnosed with plaque psoriasis and a control group consisting of individuals undergoing routine physical examinations were enrolled. The incidence of MASLD and lean MASLD among these groups was compared. Additionally, patients with plaque psoriasis were divided into those with MASLD, those with lean MASLD, and a control group with only psoriasis for a serological comparative analysis. Results: The incidence of MASLD in the observation group and the control group was 43.67% (69/158) and 22.15% (35/158), respectively (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the incidence of lean MASLD within the observation group and the control group was 10.76% (17/158) and 4.43% (7/158), respectively (p < 0.01). After controlling for potential confounding variables, plaque psoriasis was identified as an independent risk factor for MASLD with an odds ratio of 1.88 (95% cl: 1.10-3.21). In terms of serological comparison, compared to the simple psoriasis group, we observed a significant elevation in the tumor marker CYFRA21-1 levels in both groups compared to the control group with simple psoriasis (p < 0.01). Moreover, the MASLD group exhibited elevated levels of inflammatory markers and psoriasis score, whereas these effects were mitigated in the lean MASLD group. Conclusion: The prevalence of MASLD and lean MASLD is higher among patients with psoriasis. Those suffering from psoriasis along with MASLD show increased psoriasis scores and inflammatory markers compared to those without metabolic disorders. MASLD likely worsens psoriasis conditions, indicating the necessity of targeted health education for affected individuals to reduce the risk of MASLD, this education should include guidelines on exercise and diet. In serological assessments, elevated levels of cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) were noted in both MASLD and lean MASLD groups, implying a potential synergistic role between psoriasis and MASLD.
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Melanoma, renowned for its aggressive behavior and resistance to conventional treatments, stands as a formidable challenge in the oncology landscape. The dynamic and complex interplay between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment has gained significant attention, revealing Melanoma-Associated Fibroblasts (MAFs) as central players in disease progression. The heterogeneity of MAFs endows them with a dual role in melanoma. This exhaustive review seeks to not only shed light on the multifaceted roles of MAFs in orchestrating tumor-promoting inflammation but also to explore their involvement in antitumor immunity. By unraveling novel mechanisms underlying MAF functions, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of their impact on melanoma development. Additionally, it delves into the potential of leveraging MAFs for innovative immunotherapeutic strategies, offering new avenues for enhancing treatment outcomes in the challenging realm of melanoma therapeutics.
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Fibroblastos Associados a Câncer , Imunoterapia , Melanoma , Microambiente Tumoral , Humanos , Melanoma/imunologia , Melanoma/terapia , Melanoma/patologia , Microambiente Tumoral/imunologia , Imunoterapia/métodos , Fibroblastos Associados a Câncer/imunologia , Fibroblastos Associados a Câncer/metabolismo , Animais , Neoplasias Cutâneas/imunologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Inflamação/imunologia , Fibroblastos/imunologia , Fibroblastos/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with Silibinin in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are still inconclusive. This meta-analysis intends to evaluation to explore the clinical efficacy and quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicine in combination with Silymarin in the treatment of NAFLD, aiming to aims to provide evidence-based data analysis for researchers and clinical practitioners involved in TCM research for NAFLD, with the hope of facilitating wider adoption and application. METHODS: In this meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, CQVIP and CBM databases from the establishment of the databases to Oct 2023. The study proposed to include studies that reported combination of TCM with Silibinin and Silibinin alone in the treatment of NAFLD, excluding studies for which full text was not available or for which data extraction was not possible; studies using animal studies; reviews and systematic reviews. All data were processed by STATA15.1 statistical software. RESULTS: 16 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this meta-analysis. The sample size ranged from 48 to 120, with a total of 1335 patients, including 669 in the Combined treatment group and 384 in the Silibinin group. The findings indicated that the total effective rate of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of Silibinin alone. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) of combined treatment group were all significantly lower than that of western medicine alone. Additionally, after treating NAFLD with a combination of TCM and Silibinin, the TCM syndrome score were significantly lower than those observed with Silibinin alone. CONCLUSION: Traditional Chinese medicine in conjunction with Silibinin capsules has shown significant efficacy in the treatment of NAFLD, improving clinical symptoms, blood lipid levels, and liver function. Furthermore, it is essential to engage in multi-omics research, investigate iron death, and explore the gut microbiota as potential observational indicators for the diagnosis and inclusion criteria. Conducting more high-quality clinical experiments is necessary to further validate these findings.
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Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Humanos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/tratamento farmacológico , Silibina/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Terapia CombinadaRESUMO
To date, the predictive role of laboratory indicators for the phenomenon of no flow is unclear. Hence, our objective was to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the association between laboratory parameters and the risk of the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This, in turn, aims to offer valuable insights for early clinical prediction of no-reflow. We searched Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the database to October 2023. We included case-control or cohort study that patients with STEMI following primary PCI. We excluded repeated publication, research without full text, incomplete information or inability to conduct data extraction and animal experiments, reviews, and systematic reviews. STATA 15.1 was used to analyze the data. The pooled results indicated that elevated white blood cell (WBC) count (odds ratio [OR] = 1.061, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.013-1.112), neutrophil count (OR = 1.324, 95% CI: 1.128-1.553), platelet (PLT) (OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.000-1.005), blood glucose (OR = 1.005, 95% CI: 1.002-1.009), creatinine (OR = 1.290, 95% CI: 1.070-1.555), total cholesterol (TC) (OR = 1.022, 95% CI: 1.012-1.032), d-dimer (OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001-1.004), and fibrinogen (OR = 1.010, 95% CI: 1.005-1.015) were significantly associated with increased risk of no-reflow. However, elevated hemoglobin was significantly associated with decreased risk of no-reflow. In conclusion, our comprehensive analysis highlights the predictive potential of various parameters in assessing the risk of no-reflow among STEMI patients undergoing PCI. Specifically, WBC count, neutrophil count, PLT, blood glucose, hemoglobin, creatinine, TC, d-dimer, and fibrinogen emerged as significant predictors. This refined risk prediction may guide clinical decision-making, allowing for more targeted and effective preventive measures to mitigate the occurrence of no-reflow in this patient population.
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Fenômeno de não Refluxo , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST , Animais , Humanos , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/diagnóstico , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/cirurgia , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea/métodos , Estudos de Coortes , Fenômeno de não Refluxo/diagnóstico , Fenômeno de não Refluxo/etiologia , Glicemia , Creatinina , Fibrinogênio , Hemoglobinas , Angiografia Coronária/efeitos adversosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The mechanism of action of fire acupuncture and Chinese medicine in psoriasis is unclear. In this paper, the efficacy of the 2 therapies was compared through a comprehensive analysis of their recurrence rates for clinical reference. METHODS: In this meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, CQVIP, and CBM data from the establishment of the databases to May 2023. The study proposed to use randomized controlled trial research methods, excluding published literature, unpublished literature, literature with incomplete or inadequate information, animal experiments, literature reviews and systematic studies. Data were processed using STATA 15.1 software. RESULTS: Our group previous study found that the clinical efficacy of the fire-acupuncture group was significantly improved compared to that of Chinese herbal medicine alone (RRâ =â 1.20, 95% CI: 1.13-1.27). Also, there were significant reductions in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score (SMDâ =â -1.04,95% CI: -1.48 to -0.60), area of skin damage (SMDâ =â -0.40,95% CI: -0.75 to -0.04), and pruritus (SMDâ = -1.04,95% CI: -1.32 to -0.76). Our previous study found that Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was significantly lower in the fire acupuncture group compared to herbal medicine alone (SMDâ =â -1.61,95% CI: -3.08 to -0.15). The combined analysis found that the recurrence rate was significantly lower in the fire-acupuncture group compared to herbal medicine alone (RRâ =â 0.21,95% CI:0.07-0.60). CONCLUSION: Fire needle can improve the efficacy of TCM in the treatment of psoriasis, including the area, severity and itching of skin lesions, and reduce the recurrence rate, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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Terapia por Acupuntura , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Psoríase , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Psoríase/terapia , Humanos , Terapia por Acupuntura/métodos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa/métodos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/administração & dosagem , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Terapia Combinada , Resultado do Tratamento , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is no evidence-based guidance on the use of fractional CO2 laser in the excision of scars. AIM: To explore the effectiveness and safety of fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of keloids. METHODS: In this meta-analysis, we searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases from inception to April 2023. We only included studies reporting fractional CO2 laser treatment of keloids. We excluded duplicate published studies, incomplete studies, those with incomplete data, animal experiments, literature reviews, and systematic studies. RESULTS: The pooled results showed that the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) parameters of height weighted mean difference (WMD) = -1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.46 to -0.74), pigmentation (WMD = -0.61, 95% CI: -1.00 to -0.21), and pliability (WMD = -0.90, 95% CI: -1.17 to -0.63) were significantly improved after fractional CO2 laser treatment of keloids. However, vascularity did not significantly change. Additionally, the total VSS was significantly improved after treatment (WMD = -4.01, 95% CI: -6.22 to -1.79). The Patient Scars Assessment Scale was significantly improved after treatment (WMD = -15.31, 95% CI: -18.31 to -12.31). Regarding safety, the incidences of hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, pain, telangiectasia, and atrophy were 5%, 0%, 11%, 2% (95% CI: 0%-6%), and 0% (95% CI: 0%-4%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Fractional CO2 laser is effective in the treatment of keloids and can effectively improve the height, pigmentation, and pliability of scars, and patients are satisfied with this treatment. Further studies should explore the role of combination therapy.
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Cicatriz Hipertrófica , Queloide , Lasers de Gás , Humanos , Queloide/radioterapia , Queloide/cirurgia , Queloide/complicações , Cicatriz/terapia , Dióxido de Carbono , Lasers de Gás/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Terapia Combinada , Cicatriz Hipertrófica/patologiaRESUMO
Traditional Chinese exercise ("TCE" management modalities), including but not limited to Tai Chi, Baduanjin, and Yijinjing, has a good effect on improving the physical function of patients with knee osteoarthritis, but less attention has been paid to the impact on the psychological health of patients, and currently there is insufficient evidence to support it. We conducted this study to provide a systematic synthesis of best evidence regarding the physical and mental health of patients with knee osteoarthritis treated by traditional Chinese exercise. Literature on the effectiveness of traditional Chinese exercise (Tai Chi, Baduanjin, Yijinjing, Qigong, etc.) versus conventional therapy (muscle-strength training of the lower extremity and aerobic training, wellness education, quadriceps strengthening exercises, etc.) on Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), visual analog scale (VAS), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) from Pubmed, Web of Science, Ovid Technologies, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, and SinoMed were collected from their inception to April 2022. Thirty-three studies with 2621 cases were included in this study. The study's results indicated that compared with conventional therapy, traditional Chinese exercise had more advantages on patients' WOMAC score, significantly reducing patients' overall WOMAC score (SMD = -0.99; 95% CI: -1.38, -0.60; p < 0.00001) and relieving pain (SMD = -0.76; 95% CI: -1.11, -0.40; p < 0.0001) in patients with KOA. It also has advantages over conventional therapy in improving mental component score (MCS) (SMD = 0.32; 95% CI: -0.00, 0.65; p = 0.05) and physical component score (PCS) (SMD = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.62; p = 0.02). Compared with conventional therapy, traditional Chinese exercise can significantly reduce the effect on timed up and go test (TUG) score (SMD = -0.30; 95% CI: -0.50, -0.11; p = 0.002), beck depression inventory (DBI) score (SMD = -0.62; 95% CI: -1.03, -0.22; p = 0.002), and increase the impact on Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score (SMD = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.83; p < 0.00001). The findings of this study indicated that traditional Chinese exercise improved body function and mental health in patients with knee osteoarthritis significantly. More high-quality clinical evidence-based data was needed to confirm the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese exercise on the physical and mental health in KOA patients.
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Osteoartrite do Joelho , Humanos , Osteoartrite do Joelho/terapia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/psicologia , Saúde Mental , Equilíbrio Postural , Estudos de Tempo e Movimento , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is an inflammatory disease that affects many people. However, the causal effect of lipid metabolism on psoriasis has not yet been verified. This study aimed to identify the genetic relationship between serum lipid levels and psoriasis. METHODS: Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to analyse the causal relationship between cholesterol and psoriasis. The outcome of the forward causality test was psoriasis. In the analysis of reverse causality, psoriasis was exposed, and 79 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in the genome-wide association study (GWASs) database from the IEU GWASs Project. MR-Egger regression, inverse variance-weighted, weighted median, weighted mode and simple mode were used for the MR analyses. RESULTS: The level of triglyceride, lipase member N, chylomicrons, extremely large very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, cholesterol esters in large HDL, cholesterol esters in medium HDL and cholesterol esters in medium VLDL have not affected the development of psoriasis. However, total cholesterol, total free cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, cholesterol esters in large VLDL and cholesterol esters in medium LDL were unidirectional causal effects on psoriasis. CONCLUSION: Bidirectional two-sample MR analysis indicated that high levels of total cholesterol, total free cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, cholesterol esters in large VLDL and cholesterol esters in medium LDL are genetic risk factors for psoriasis.
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Ésteres do Colesterol , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana , Humanos , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , HDL-Colesterol/genética , Colesterol , Triglicerídeos/genética , LDL-Colesterol , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
The present study collected retrospective research data and compared the safety and efficacy of unilateral and bilateral percutaneous puncture kyphoplasty for the treatment of vertebral fractures caused by osteoporosis, to guide the selection of clinical surgical methods. In the present meta-analysis, PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched from the establishment of the databases to March 2023. Studies that reported differences in the efficacy and safety between the unilateral and bilateral approaches in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were included in the analysis. Duplicate published studies, unpublished studies, studies with incomplete data, animal experiments, literature reviews and systematic studies were excluded from the analysis. All data were processed using STATA 15.1 statistical software. The pooled results demonstrated that there were no significant differences between the unilateral and bilateral approaches in the visual analog scores, Oswestry disability index, height restoration rate or incidence of cement leakage. However, the post-kyphotic angle of the unilateral approach was significantly lower than that of the bilateral approach (standardized mean difference, -0.41; 95% confidence interval, -0.68 to -0.14; P=0.003). Furthermore, the pooled results demonstrated that the unilateral approach required less operative time and a lower volume of injected cement, which is safer for elderly patients who are more likely to have underlying diseases.
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PURPOSE: This review was made to identify the risk factors for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in middle-older aged (≥ 40 years), and to provide the newest evidence for the prevention of KOA. METHOD: Cohort study and case-control study of the risk factors of KOA was included from Pubmed, Web of Science, Ovid Technologies, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), Wanfang Database, SinoMed from their inceptions to July 2023. Two authors independently screened the literature and extracted data. Assessment of quality was implemented according to Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS: 3597 papers were identified from the seven databases and 29 papers containing 60,354 participants were included in this review. Meta-analysis was performed for 14 risk factors, and 7 of these were statistical significance (P < 0.05). The risk factors which were analyzed in this review included trauma history in knee (1.37 [95% CI 1.03-1.82], P = 0.030), body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2 (1.30 [95% CI 1.09-1.56], P = 0.004), gender (female) (1.04 [95% CI 1.00-1.09], P = 0.030), age ≥ 40 (1.02 [95% CI 1.01-1.03], P = 0.007), more exercise (0.75 [95% CI 0.62-0.91], P = 0.003), a high school education background (0.49 [95% CI 0.30-0.79], P = 0.003) and an university education background (0.22 [95% CI 0.06-0.86], P = 0.030). CONCLUSION: The risk factors analyzed in this review included trauma history in knee, overweight or obesity, gender (female), age ≥ 40 and the protective factors included more exercise and a high school or an university education background.
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Osteoartrite do Joelho , Estados Unidos , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Osteoartrite do Joelho/epidemiologia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/etiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos de Coortes , Fatores de Risco , Articulação do JoelhoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cement-augmentation pedicle screws have been widely used in spinal internal fixation surgery combined with osteoporosis in recent years, which can significantly improve the fixation strength, but compared with conventional methods, whether it has more advantages is still inconclusive of evidencebased medicine. To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of cement-augmented pedicle screw in the treatment of thoracolumbar degenerative diseases with osteoporosis. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for studies published from the establishment of the database up until June 2023. We included studies that concerning the cement-augmented pedicle screw and the traditional pedicle screw placement for thoracolumbar degenerative diseases with osteoporosis. We excluded repeated publication, researches without full text, incomplete information or inability to conduct data extraction and animal experiments, case report, reviews and systematic reviews. STATA 15.1 software was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: A total of 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The sample size of patients were totally 881, of which, 492 patients in cement-augmented screw group and 389 patients in conventional screw group. Meta-analysis results showed that Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score (WMD = 1.69, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.22), intervertebral space height (WMD = 1.66, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.29) and post-operation fusion rate (OR = 2.80, 95% CI 1.49 to 5.25) were higher in the cement-augmented screw group than those in the conventional screw group. Operation time was longer in the cement-augmented screw group than that in the conventional screw group (WMD = 15.47, 95% CI 1.25 to 29.70). Screw loosening rate was lower in the cement-augmented screw group than those in the conventional screw group (OR = 0.13, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.22). However, hospitalization time, intraoperative blood loss and Visual analog scale (VAS) score were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Compared with conventional pedicle screw placement, cement-augmented pedicle screw is more effective in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar degenerative disease by improving fusion rate and interbody height, reducing the incidence of screw loosening, and elevating long-term efficacy.
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Osteoporose , Parafusos Pediculares , Animais , Humanos , Osteoporose/cirurgia , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica , Cimentos Ósseos , Bases de Dados FactuaisRESUMO
Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by most cells and have a phospholipid bilayer structure. Exosomes contain DNA, small RNA, proteins, and other substances that can carry proteins and nucleic acids and participate in communication between cells. T cells are an indispensable part of adaptive immunity, and the functions of T cell-derived exosomes have been widely studied. In the more than three decades since the discovery of exosomes, several studies have revealed that T cell-derived exosomes play a novel role in cell-to-cell signaling, especially in the tumor immune response. In this review, we discuss the function of exosomes derived from different T cell subsets, explore applications in tumor immunotherapy, and consider the associated challenges.
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Exossomos , Neoplasias , Humanos , Exossomos/metabolismo , Linfócitos T/patologia , Imunidade Adaptativa , ImunoterapiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Since there is currently no conclusion on the efficacy and adverse effects of oxymetazoline, this meta-analysis attempts to explore its efficacy and adverse events, so as to provide guidance for clinical medication. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from the establishment of the database to May 2021. We included studies that patients were randomly assigned to receive oxymetazoline or vehicle, and we excluded duplicate publications, research without full text, incomplete information or inability to conduct data extraction, animal experiments, reviews, and systematic reviews. STATA 15.1 was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The pooled results show that the 3 (RR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.53-2.03), 6 (RR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.47-2.00), 9 (RR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.40-1.90), 12 (RR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.18-1.67) -hours CEA success rate and the 3 (RR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.34-2.03), 6 (RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.43-2.14), 9 (RR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.33-2.00), 12 (RR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.45-2.18) -hours SSA success rate after oxymetazoline treatment for rosacea is significantly higher than that of vehicle. Additionally, the pooled results show that the incidence of TEAEs after treatment with oxymetazoline is significantly higher than that of vehicle (RR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.10-1.2). However, our analysis of specific adverse events found that the oxymetazoline group was only significantly higher than the vehicle group in the incidence of application-site dermatitis (RR = 8.91, 95% CI: 1.76-45.23), and there was no statistical significance in the difference in the incidence of other adverse events. CONCLUSION: Oxymetazoline is effective and can be selected for the treatment of persistent facial erythema of rosacea. Additionally, application-site dermatitis was the most important one.
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Dermatite , Rosácea , Humanos , Oximetazolina/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Creme para a Pele/uso terapêutico , Rosácea/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatite/tratamento farmacológico , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Since there are currently no systematic evidence-based medical data on the efficacy and safety of PECD, this meta-analysis pooled data from studies that reported the efficacy or safety of PECD for cervical disc herniation to examine the efficacy, recurrence and safety of using PECD to treat cervical disc herniation. METHODS: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases for studies published from inception to July 2022. Nine nonrandomized controlled trials (non-RCTs) that reported the efficacy or safety of percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy for cervical disc herniation were included. We excluded duplicate publications, studies without full text, studies with incomplete information, studies that did not enable us to conduct data extraction, animal experiments and reviews. STATA 15.1 software was used to analyse the data. RESULTS: The proportions of excellent and good treatment results after PECD for CDH were 39% (95% CI: 31-48%) and 47% (95% CI: 34-59%), respectively. The pooled results showed that the VAS scores at 1 week post-operatively (SMD = -2.55, 95% CI: - 3.25 to - 1.85) and at the last follow-up (SMD = - 4.30, 95% CI: - 5.61 to - 3.00) after PECD for cervical disc herniation were significantly lower than the pre-operative scores. The recurrence rate of neck pain and the incidence of adverse events after PECD for cervical disc herniation were 3% (95% CI: 1-6%) and 5% (95% CI: 2-9%), respectively. Additionally, pooled results show that the operative time (SMD = - 3.22, 95% CI: - 5.21 to - 1.43) and hospital stay (SMD = - 1.75, 95% CI: - 2.67to - 0.84) were all significantly lower for PECD than for ACDF. The pooled results also showed that the proportion of excellent treatment results was significantly higher for PECD than for ACDF (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.06-4.96). CONCLUSION: PECD has a high success rate in the treatment of CHD and can relieve neck pain, and the recurrence rate and the incidence of adverse events are low. In addition, compared with ACDF, PECD has a higher rate of excellent outcomes and a lower operative time and hospital stay. PECD may be a better option for treating CHD.
Assuntos
Discotomia Percutânea , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral , Animais , Humanos , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Cervicalgia/etiologia , Discotomia Percutânea/efeitos adversos , Discotomia , Endoscopia/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key immune regulators of the tumor microenvironment. They reshape the immune microenvironment and prevent antitumor immune responses via their immunosuppressive cargo, thereby determining cancer responsiveness to treatment. In the immune microenvironment of melanoma, tumor-derived EVs influence tumor progression by regulating innate and adaptive immune responses. Tumor-derived EV-based therapy is a cutting-edge and promising strategy for inhibiting melanoma progression and enhancing antitumor immunity. This review aimed to summarize the regulatory roles of EVs in the immune responses and immunotherapy of patients with melanoma. This paper provided insights into future exploration directions and potential clinical strategies targeting EVs for melanoma treatment.
Assuntos
Vesículas Extracelulares , Melanoma , Humanos , Vesículas Extracelulares/patologia , Melanoma/patologia , Imunoterapia , Microambiente Tumoral , ImunidadeRESUMO
Melanoma, which evolves from melanocytes, is the most malignant skin cancer and is highly fatal, although it only accounts for 4% of all skin cancers. Numerous studies have demonstrated that melanoma has a large tumor mutational burden, which means that melanoma has great potential to achieve immune evasion. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important component of both the immune system and tumor microenvironment. Several studies have demonstrated their double-edged sword effects on melanoma. The present review focuses on the role of TAMs in melanoma development, including regulation of proliferation, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and chemical resistance of melanoma. Furthermore, the existing mechanisms of action of the TAM-targeting treatments for melanoma are reviewed. More broadly, the weak points of existing research and the direction of future research are finally identified and described.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Increasing studies have shown that Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture has a significant effect on chronic urticaria, which can treat both symptoms and root causes. This meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy and safety differences between acupuncture combined with conventional Western medicine, so as to provide guidance for the clinical treatment of chronic urticaria. METHODS: We searched Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, CQVIP, and CBM from the establishment of the database to August 2021. We included randomized controlled trial study that the experimental group was acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine, while the control group was treated with conventional Western medicine. We excluded repeated publication, researches without full text, incomplete information, or inability to conduct data extraction and animal experiments, reviews, and systematic reviews. STATA 15.1 was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The pooled results show that total effective rate of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine group was significantly higher than that in the conventional Western medicine group (ratio rate [RR]â =â 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-1.38). Additionally, the pooled results show that Urticaria Activity Score (standardized mean difference = -1.51, 95% CI: -2.24 to -0.78) and pruritus score (standardized mean difference = -1.09, 95% CI: -1.71 to -0.47) of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine group was significantly lower than that in conventional Western medicine group, while there is no significant difference in wheal score between acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine group and conventional Western medicine group. Importantly, the pooled results show that recurrence rate (RRâ =â 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19-0.64) and the incidence of adverse events (RRâ =â 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10-0.75) of acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine group were all significantly lower than that in conventional Western medicine group. CONCLUSION: Our research results found that traditional Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture has a more significant effect than conventional Western medicine and can significantly reduce the recurrence rate and the incidence of adverse reactions. The application of traditional Chinese medicine combined with acupuncture in the treatment of chronic urticaria should be further promoted.