Effects of the GingivalStat approach on early gingival margin remodeling following esthetic clinical crown lengthening: A case series.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this case series is to present the potential applications of the GingivalStat approach, that is, the use of temporary gingival stabilizers, to favor early gingival margin remodeling and prevent the occurrence of gingival rebound following esthetic clinical crown lengthening. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS: Four patients requiring clinical crown lengthening were treated for esthetical and functional reasons. The surgical approach included: (a) gingival margin recontouring; (b) full-thickness flap elevation; (c) osteotomy (to achieve an adequate dimension between the alveolar bone crest and the CEJ) and osteoplasty (to reduce the bone thickness and improve the buccal bone anatomic profile, where indicated); (d) temporary gingival stabilizer placement using a block-out resin or a composite (the GingivalStat approach); and (e) flap repositioning, adaptation, and suture. One- to five-year follow-ups, reported in the different case scenarios, show evidence of clinically stable gingival margins around the treated teeth. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this case series, it can be concluded that the GingivalStat approach appears as a further maneuver to cope with clinical crown lengthening procedures at esthetic sites. GingivalStat seems to favor gingival margin contour remodeling during the early phase of healing as well as prevent the occurrence of gingival rebound. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: GingivalStat approach may guide gingival margin remodeling and prevent gingival rebound after wound healing of sites submitted to esthetic clinical crown lengthening.

New approach to expedite the delivery of the final crowns for teeth requiring crown lengthening surgery: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: The healing period from crown lengthening procedures (CLPs) often delays the final crown delivery. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of a new approach expediting the delivery of the final crowns for teeth requiring CLPs. METHODS: Teeth requiring CLPs and single-crown restorations between the canine and the second molar were included. After the initial tooth preparation, a CLP was performed. In the experimental group, the final tooth preparation and final impression were made during the CLP; the final crown was then delivered at the suture-removal appointment. In the control group, the final impression was made 8 weeks after the CLP. The level of gingival margin (GM), pocket depth (PD), and crestal bone levels (CBLs) were compared between the two groups before CLPs (T0), at delivery of the crowns (T1), and at 12 months in function (T2). RESULTS: Twenty-one lithium-disilicate crowns were delivered to 20 subjects and followed up. The mean interval between the CLPs and the delivery of crowns was 2.5 weeks for the experimental group and 12 weeks for the control group. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in the level of GM, PD, and CBLs at each time point. No significant treatment difference in crestal bone loss was observed between the two groups at T2 (Experimental = -0.11 mm, Control = -0.03 mm; p = 0.67). CONCLUSION: Making the final tooth preparation and the final impression at the CLP significantly reduced the time between the CLP and the delivery of the final crown and showed comparable clinical outcomes.

Effect of photobiomodulation on pain control after clinical crown lengthening surgery.

Background: Photobiomodulation is a novel technique to reduce pain following different surgeries and treatments. This study aimed to investigate the effect of photobiomodulation on pain control after clinical crown lengthening procedures. Methods: Twenty patients were included and randomly assigned to two groups in this single-blind randomized clinical trial. The patients had been referred to the Periodontics Department, Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry, for crown lengthening surgery. In the laser group, diode laser therapy with a wavelength of 860 nm and a power of 100 mW was applied immediately after the surgery on the surgery day and three and seven days after the surgery. In the control group, the laser was turned off, and passive radiation was applied to the area as the test group for 30 seconds per session in non-contact mode. The pain was assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaire on the study timelines. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20 using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests. Results: Twenty patients were included in each study group, where the pain was relieved significantly over time. On the first (5.50±1.18) and seventh (1.8±0.42) days, the pain intensity was similar in the test and control groups. However, on the third day, the laser group (2.90±0.74) experienced a significantly lower pain intensity than the control group (4.0±0.67). Conclusion: Photobiomodulation relieved pain after clinical crown lengthening surgeries.

Periodontal status of anterior teeth following clinical crown lengthening by minimally traumatic controlled surgical extrusion.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The number of fractured anterior teeth following trauma has been increasing while not every patient is able to afford a dental implant instead of maintaining the injured tooth. Thus, a tooth conservation solution is required to place an aesthetic and functional restoration without biologic width violation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of minimally traumatic controlled surgical extrusion in fractured anterior teeth crown lengthening by assessing the periodontal status through clinical examination and radiographs. METHODS: This longitudinal observational study investigated a group of 18 patients (six males and 12 females) at the Department of Periodontology, National Hospital of Odonto-stomatology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Following pre-surgery procedures and examination, minimally traumatic controlled surgical extrusion was carried out using a periotome. Patients were examined at four follow-up appointments after 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months to record the following experimental variables: periodontal parameters including the gingival index (GI), pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), mobility, marginal gingiva position, alveolar ridge resorption, periapical osteogenesis, tooth resorption and ankylosis. RESULTS: All periodontal parameters were significantly decreased at 3 and 6 months post-procedure (P < 0.001). Tooth mobility decreased gradually following surgery, and at 6 months, all teeth became normal at level 0. Periapical osteogenesis changes were significantly increased at 1, 3 and 6 months in comparison with pre-surgery (P < 0.001). Marginal gingiva position and alveolar ridge resorption were not significantly different between pre-surgery and 1, 3 and 6 months post-surgery. No cases of root resorption or ankylosis were observed at 6 months post-surgery. CONCLUSION: A minimally traumatic controlled surgical extrusion technique for clinical crown lengthening yielded highly successful results in both aesthetic and functional aspects, and no cases had unfavourable outcomes during the 6-month follow-up period.

Considerations in the selection of method for clinical crown lengthening / 대한치과보철학회지

Clinical crown lengthening procedure would be an effective method for overcoming adverse clinical condition such as short abutment length. There are three kinds of methods in clinical crown lengthening, those are, surgical crown lengthening, orthodontic extrusion and surgical extrusion. Clinicians have to try their best to choose a proper method among those for favorable results. This report aims to review the considerations in each method with various cases and to suggest a decision flow for appropriate selection.

Clinical crown lengthening - a case report.

Maintaining healthy parodontium during teeth restoration procedures is an indispensable condition for obtain- ing regular functionning and esthetics. Thus, the knowledge of correct anatomy and the influence of filling and complement on paradontium tissue is vital. Difficulty in maintaining appropriate gingival biological width (GBW) is a frequent problem encountered in this type of reconstruction. Preservation of unchanged biological width conditions predictible treatment result and, what is more, lack of inflammatory lesions in marginal parodontium. The ideal situation for parodontium is localizing the filling/complement border supragingivaly, which is at least 3 mm from alveolar process edge. In the case, when the above conditions are impossible to fulfil, elongation of clinical crown is a metod of choice. The effect is possible to achieve by surgical treatment or combined orthodontic - surgical treatment. Surgical treatment is faster and preferred procedure for indirect reconstruction, where achieving high clinical crown is necessary. Three clinical cases of performing method of surgical clinical crown elongation were presented in the article. Performing the described procedure enables correct tooth crown reconstruction and, what is most important, keeping individual toothing.

Laserterapia de baixa intensidade no controle da dor pós-operatória de cirurgias para aumento de coroa clínica / Control of postoperative pain in surgical crown lengthening by low intensity laser theraphy

Este estudo propôs verificar a eficácia da utilização do laser de baixa intensidade (LBI) como terapêutica alternativa à terapia medicamentosa na redução da dor pós-operatória de cirurgias para aumento da coroa clínica. A amostra foi constituída por 30 pacientes adultos que foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: Grupo controle (n = 14) tratado com prescrição medicamentosa (Paracetamol 750 mg) e Grupo experimental (n = 16) tratados com laserterapia de baixa intensidade (seis aplicações pontuais, sendo três na região vestibular e três na palatina/lingual, de 20 mW/10 segundos, com comprimento de onda 660 nm, de 5 joules/ponto) imediatamente após o ato cirúrgico, em sete dias e 14 dias. Pode-se observar que o grupo experimental obteve melhores resultados, ou seja, “menos dor” que o grupo controle, porém sem diferença estatisticamente significante. Concluímos que o protocolo de aplicação LBI não apresentou resultados estatisticamente significantes, porém, a LBI foi uma terapia alternativa eficaz na redução da dor pós-operatória.

This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of the use of low intensity laser therapy (LILT) as an alternative therapy to drug therapy in reducing the postoperative pain of surgeries to increase clinical crown. The sample consisted of 30 adult patients and were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n=14) treated with conventional medication prescrition (Paracetamol 750mg) and experimental group (n=16) treated with low intesensity laser therapy (six specific applications, three in the buccal region and three in the palatal/lingual mW/10 20 seconds with a wavelength of 660 nm, 5 joules/ point) immediately after surgery, 7 and 14 days. In this study, we can observe that the experimental group achieved better results but the LILT was less pain referred to the control group, but no statistically significant difference. We conclude that the LILT application protocol did not result in statistically significant results. But based on the results obtained, we can conclude that LILT was an effective alternative therapy in reducing referred pain postoperatively.

Odontoplasty associated with clinical crown lengthening in management of extensive crown destruction.

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of teeth submitted to odontoplasty during clinical crown lengthening surgery (CCLS), when compared to their contralateral non-operated teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients submitted to odontoplasty during CCLS were evaluated according to plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth and final restoration outcome (total success, relative success and failure). RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 13.57 (± 8.00) months, and ranged from 6 to 24 months. Twelve cases presented total success of the final rehabilitation and 2 cases presented relative success. The cases of relative success were due to the necessity for a new periodontal intervention (scalling). No differences were observed with respect to periodontal parameters (P>0.05) and the patients that showed relative success presented generalized poor oral hygiene. CONCLUSIONS: The odontoplasty during clinical crown lengthening surgery is a feasible procedure in the management of extensive crown destruction.

Prosthetic restoration of the maxillary anterior teeth using implantation and forced eruption: Case report / 대한치과보철학회지

When a tooth adjacent to implant has coronal damages caused by severe dental caries or fracture, the clinical crown lengthening by forced eruption makes it possible to get esthetic restoration due to the prevention of alveolar crestal bone resorption and loss of interdental papilla. A 54-years-old male patient wanted prosthetic treatment because his anterior 3 unit bridges had fallen out. A right maxillary central incisor showed mild dental caries but a right maxillary canine lost most clinical crowns. Forced eruption combined with a gingival fiberotomy of a right maxillary canine was performed for 1 month after the dental implant had been simultaneously placed with bone grafts on a right maxillary lateral incisor. About 5 months after implant placement, 2nd surgical operation was performed. The provisional restorations were adjusted to make esthetic gingival contour for 8 weeks. The porcelain fused gold restorations were fabricated and set. The patient was satisfied with the final restorations in esthetic and functional aspect.