RESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Although water resistance therapy (WRT) has been widely used in voice training, no data are supporting the effectiveness of WRT as vocal warm-up for singers. The present study aimed to determine the effects of WRT as a vocal warm-up method in contemporary commercial music (CCM) singers. METHODS: Twenty-two CCM singers were randomly assigned to one of two types of 15-min vocal warm-up: open vocal tract (OVT) warm-up and WRT. Self-perceived resonant voice quality and aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic measures were assessed before, immediately after vocal warm-up, and after 40 min of vocal loading. RESULTS: Significant results were found immediately after vocal warm-up. Subglottic pressure and inspiratory airflow duration decreased in both groups. SPL decreased for the OVT group. No changes in SPL were found for the WRT group. Significant results were observed after vocal loading. Subglottic pressure and inspiratory airflow duration decreased for both groups after vocal loading. Expiratory airflow duration and electroglottographic contact quotient decreased for the OVT group. CONCLUSION: Some objective data suggest that the WRT method is more effective as vocal warm-up than OVT exercises. Since outcomes in self-perceived resonant voice quality for both methods were similar but physiological effects were different, vocal warm-up strategies might produce a placebo effect.
Assuntos
Música , Canto , Humanos , Fonação , Treinamento da Voz , ÁguaRESUMO
Bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPSV) is a parapoxvirus associated with papular and erosive lesions on the muzzle, lips, and oral mucosa of cattle. BPSV infection occurs worldwide; however, it has still not been unequivocally diagnosed. The present report describes an outbreak of BPSV infection affecting dairy calves in northwestern Argentina and provides the first molecular characterization of this virus in the country. The disease was detected in a dairy farm, affecting 33 calves between 2 and 20 days of age. The signs included reddish papules, ulcers, and scabby proliferative lesions on muzzle, lips, and oral mucosa. The affected calves resisted to being fed due to severe local pain. Two necropsies were performed; papulas and ulcers were observed in ruminal and omasal mucosa. Histologically, the affected areas of the skin showed acanthosis, spongiosis, and parakeratotic hyperkeratosis with adjacent focally extensive ulcers and multifocal inflammatory infiltrate in the epidermis. Eosinophilic inclusion bodies were detected in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. DNA extracted from scab samples was analyzed by PCR using pan-parapoxvirus primers for the B2L gene. The sequence analysis revealed 99%, 85%, and 84% similarity with BPSV, Pseudocowpox virus, and Orf virus, respectively. A phylogenetic tree constructed using the B2L sequence showed that the virus clustered with BPSV isolates. Although clinical cases compatible with BSPV infection have been frequently described in Argentina, the present report is the first to identify the agent associated with cattle disease in the country.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Parapoxvirus/genética , Infecções por Poxviridae/veterinária , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Argentina/epidemiologia , Sequência de Bases , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Parapoxvirus/metabolismo , Filogenia , Alinhamento de SequênciaRESUMO
The Arc (anoxic redox control) two-component system of Escherichia coli, comprising ArcA as the response regulator and ArcB as the sensor histidine kinase, modulates the expression of numerous genes in response to respiratory growth conditions. Under reducing growth conditions, ArcB autophosphorylates at the expense of ATP, and transphosphorylates ArcA via a His292 â Asp576 â His717 â Asp54 phosphorelay, whereas under oxidizing growth conditions, ArcB catalyzes the dephosphorylation of ArcA-P by a reverse Asp54 â His717 â Asp576 â Pi phosphorelay. However, the exact phosphoryl group transfer routes and the molecular mechanisms determining their directions are unclear. Here, we show that, during signal propagation, the His292 â Asp576 and Asp576 â His717 phosphoryl group transfers within ArcB dimers occur intra- and intermolecularly, respectively. Moreover, we report that, during signal decay, the phosphoryl group transfer from His717 to Asp576 takes place intramolecularly. In conclusion, we present a mechanism that dictates the direction of the phosphoryl group transfer within ArcB dimers and that enables the discrimination of the kinase and phosphatase activities of ArcB.
Assuntos
Ácido Aspártico/metabolismo , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/enzimologia , Histidina/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Mutação , Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Ácido Aspártico/química , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/química , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Histidina/química , Proteínas de Membrana/química , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Fosforilação , Proteínas Quinases/química , Proteínas Quinases/genética , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
In this work a biotechnological multiproduct batch plant that manufactures four different recombinant proteins for human application is described in some detail. This batch plant design is then optimized with regards to the size of equipment using a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation recently developed by us in order to find a hypothetical new biotechnological batch plant based on the information of real known processes for the production of the four recombinant protein products. The real plant was divided for practical purposes into two sub-processes or facilities: a fermentation facility and a purification facility. Knowing the specific steps conforming the downstream processing of each product, size, and time factors were computed and used as parameters to solve the aforementioned MILP reformulation. New constraints were included to permit the selection of some equipment-such as centrifuges and membrane filters-in a discrete set of sizes. For equipment that can be built according to customer needs-such as reactors-the original formulation was retained. Computational results show the ability of this optimization methodology to deal with real data giving reliable solutions for a multi-product batch plant composed of 44 unit operations in a relatively small amount of time showing that in the case studied it is possible to save up to a 66% of the capital investment in equipment given the cost data used. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1252-1263. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Cultura Celular por Lotes/economia , Reatores Biológicos/economia , Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia , Engenharia de Proteínas/economia , Proteínas Recombinantes/economia , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Bacterianos , Técnicas de Cultura Celular por Lotes/métodos , Simulação por Computador , Modelos Econômicos , Engenharia de Proteínas/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The impact of air pollution on the respiratory system has been estimated on the basis of respiratory symptoms and lung function. However; few studies have compared lung inflammation in healthy and asthmatics children exposed to high levels of air pollution. The aim of the study was to elucidate the modulatory effect of air pollution on Cysteinyl-leukotrienes (Cys-LTs) levels in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) among healthy and asthmatic children. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional comparative study. Children between 7-12 years of age, asthmatics and non-asthmatics, residents of a city with high levels of PM10 were included. In all cases, forced spirometry, Cys-LTs levels in EBC, and the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire were evaluated. We also obtained average of PM10, CO, SO2 and O3 levels during the period of the study by the State Institute of Ecology. RESULTS: We studied 103 children (51 asthmatics and 52 non-asthmatics). Cys-LTs levels were higher in asthmatics than in non-asthmatics (77.3 ± 21.6 versus 60.3 ± 26.8 pg/ml; p = 0.0005). Also, Cys-LTs levels in children with intermittent asthma were lower than in children with persistent asthma (60.4 ± 20.4 versus 84.7 ± 19.2 pg/ml; p = 0.0001). In the multiple regression model, factors associated with levels of Cys-LTs were passive smoking (ß = 13.1, p 0.04) and to be asthmatic (ß = 11.5, p 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Cys-LTs levels are higher in asthmatic children than in healthy children in a contaminated city and its levels are also associated with passive smoking.
Assuntos
Poluição do Ar , Asma/metabolismo , Mediadores da Inflamação/análise , Material Particulado , Pneumonia/metabolismo , População Urbana , Asma/complicações , Asma/fisiopatologia , Testes Respiratórios , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Volume Expiratório Forçado , Voluntários Saudáveis , Humanos , Leucotrieno C4/análise , Leucotrieno D4/análise , Leucotrieno E4/análise , Masculino , Pneumonia/complicações , Espirometria , Inquéritos e Questionários , Poluição por Fumaça de Tabaco , Capacidade VitalRESUMO
This paper describes an outbreak of nephrosis in cattle associated with the consumption of Ludwigia peploides in Tucuman province, northwestern Argentina. Affected cows exhibited submandibular and chest edema, lethargy and ataxia, and eventually succumbed to these conditions. These animals were grazing in a floodable area severely invaded by this plant. The disease affected 7 out of a herd of 67 cows. Horses and goats grazing in the same location were not affected. The main gross and histological lesion corresponded to a severe nephrosis. The disease is similar to the poisoning by Ludwigia peruviana reported in Colombia.
RESUMO
Different mathematical models with different degrees of complexity have been proposed to model affinity chromatography. In this work, in particular, a general rate model has been studied that considers axial dispersion, external film mass transfer, intraparticle diffusion, and kinetic effects investigating the influence in the simulations of two different relationships between the properties of the mobile phase and the affinity of different proteins to the ligand bound to the matrix. Two systems were used: Blue Sepharose and Protein A. With Blue Sepharose, an increasing linear salt gradient was used, and with Protein A, a decreasing semi-linear pH gradient. The kinetic parameters obtained in each of the two elution (adsorption/desorption) relationships studied (a power law type and an exponential type) led to very good agreements between experimental and simulated elution curves of mixtures of proteins finding that for more symmetrical peaks, the preferred elution relationship should be the exponential one, in contrast to the more asymmetrical peaks which shapes are better simulated by the power law relationship.
Assuntos
Cromatografia de Afinidade/métodos , Hemoglobinas/química , Imunoglobulinas/química , Modelos Químicos , Sefarose/análogos & derivados , Soroalbumina Bovina/química , Proteína Estafilocócica A/química , Adsorção , Animais , Bovinos , Simulação por Computador , Difusão , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Cinética , Ligantes , Camundongos , Coelhos , Sais , Sefarose/químicaRESUMO
Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) poisoning in cattle is characterized by a systemic granulomatous inflammatory response that resembles a type-IV hypersensitivity reaction. Hairy vetch toxicity has been described in cattle worldwide. The aim of this paper was to describe 10 outbreaks of hairy vetch poisoning in cattle studied at INTA EEA Salta and INTA EEA Balcarce, Argentina, from 2004 to 2019. Clinical signs included weakness, pyrexia, dermatitis, alopecia, and progressive weight loss, which leads to death over a clinical course of approximately two weeks. A total of 12 necropsies were performed and tissue samples were collected for histopathology. The main gross changes were observed in skin, lymph nodes, liver, heart, spleen and kidneys. Other tissues, such as pancreas, thyroid, and adrenal glands, were also affected. Histological lesions consisted of multifocal to diffuse granulomatous inflammation in those organs. The toxicity of hairy vetch has been described in several countries of the world. In Argentina, the use of hairy vetch as a cover crop has become common in some regions during the past years. The data suggest that hairy vetch poisoning is an important disease in cattle. More studies are needed to contribute with further information.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos , Intoxicação por Plantas , Vicia , Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Intoxicação por Plantas/epidemiologia , Intoxicação por Plantas/veterinária , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/1467456.].
RESUMO
The Arc two-component system, comprising the ArcB sensor kinase and the ArcA response regulator, modulates the expression of numerous genes in response to the respiratory conditions of growth. ArcB is a tripartite histidine kinase whose activity is regulated by the oxidation of two cytosol-located redox-active cysteine residues that participate in intermolecular disulfide bond formation. Here we show that ArcB autophosphorylates through an intramolecular reaction which diverges from the usually envisaged intermolecular autophosphorylation of homodimeric histidine kinases.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/enzimologia , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica/fisiologia , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Sítios de Ligação/fisiologia , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Mutação , Fosforilação , Proteínas Quinases/genéticaRESUMO
The aim of this paper was to report an outbreak of avocado poisoning in rabbits in Salta, Argentina. Fourteen rabbits died of congestive heart failure within 30 h of ingesting fresh avocado leaves from pruned trees. They showed clinical signs of respiratory and cardiac distress. Full necropsies of four rabbits were performed and samples were collected for histopathology. The gross pathological observation included pleural and pericardial effusion, pulmonary oedema, slight ascites; the hearts appeared flabby and markedly pale. In addition, the stomach content consisted mostly of green feed with large amounts of avocado leaves. Epidermal fragments of Persea americana were identified by microhistological analysis of gastric content to get most efficiently to a correct diagnosis. Histopathological examination revealed degeneration and necrosis of myocytes and a mononuclear cellular infiltration mainly involving the myocardium and, to a lesser extent, the liver, lung and kidneys. Our observations indicate that avocado leaves should be avoided in the green diet of rabbits.
Assuntos
Insuficiência Cardíaca/veterinária , Persea/intoxicação , Folhas de Planta/intoxicação , Intoxicação por Plantas/veterinária , Animais , Insuficiência Cardíaca/induzido quimicamente , Insuficiência Cardíaca/patologia , Derrame Pericárdico/induzido quimicamente , Derrame Pericárdico/veterinária , Intoxicação por Plantas/patologia , Derrame Pleural/induzido quimicamente , Derrame Pleural/veterinária , Edema Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Edema Pulmonar/patologia , Edema Pulmonar/veterinária , CoelhosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: While different virulence factors have been reported of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), there is little information about the stimulatory effect of its DNA. The main purpose of this study was to assess the inflammatory response of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) stimulated with A. actinomycetemcomitans DNA. DESIGN: Cytokine levels of IL-6, IL-1α and TNF-α were measured on the supernatant of HGFs activated with 10, 25, 50 and 100µg/ml DNA of Aa during 24h. Primary cultures of HGFs were infected with Aa and its DNA at different times and concentrations to compare its cytotoxic effect. Cell damage and adhesion of Aa to HGFs were evaluated under light microscopy and Scanning electron microscopy respectively. RESULTS: There was a statistical difference (p<0.05) in cytokine expression in HGFs activated by bacterial DNA with a dose dependent on IL-6 expression and a significantly elevated expression of IL-1α and TNF-α compared to Human DNA negative control. Substantial morphological alterations were observed after infection of A. actinomycetemcomitans in HGFs but not with bDNA exposure. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans showed a high rate of adhesion and cell damage to HGFs after 30min. CONCLUSIONS: Genomic DNA of A. actinomycetemcomitans could be a factor in the pathogenesis of periodontitis that might play a major role in the inflammatory response.
Assuntos
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/química , DNA Bacteriano/química , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Interleucina-1alfa/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Aderência Bacteriana , Gengiva/citologia , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Microscopia Eletrônica de VarreduraRESUMO
The Arc two-component system is a complex signal transduction system that plays a key role in regulating energy metabolism at the level of transcription in bacteria. This system comprises the ArcB protein, a tripartite membrane-associated sensor kinase, and the ArcA protein, a typical response regulator. Under anoxic growth conditions, ArcB autophosphorylates and transphosphorylates ArcA, which in turn represses or activates the expression of its target operons. Under aerobic conditions, ArcB acts as a phosphatase that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of ArcA-P and thereby releasing its transcriptional regulation. The events for Arc signaling, including signal reception and kinase regulation, signal transmission, amplification, as well as signal output and decay are discussed.
Assuntos
Bactérias , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/metabolismo , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Quinonas/metabolismo , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Bactérias/genética , Bactérias/metabolismo , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Metabolismo Energético , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Inativação Gênica , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Modelos Biológicos , Oxirredução , Fenótipo , Fosforilação , Proteínas Quinases/genética , Quinonas/química , Proteínas Repressoras/genética , Transcrição GênicaRESUMO
Three isolates of Histoplasma capsulatum were identified from mice lung, liver, and spleen inoculated with soil samples of the X hotel's ornamental potted plants that had been fertilized with organic material known as compost. The presence of H. capsulatum in the original compost was detected using the dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nested-PCR, using a specific protein Hcp100 coding gene sequence, confirmed the fungal identification associated with an unusual histoplasmosis outbreak in Acapulco. Although, diversity between the H. capsulatum isolate from the hotel and some clinical isolates from Guerrero (positive controls) was observed using random amplification of polymorphic DNA based-PCR, sequence analyses of H-anti and ole fragment genes revealed a high homology (92-99%) between them.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Histoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Histoplasmose/epidemiologia , Microbiologia do Solo , Viagem , Animais , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Histoplasma/classificação , Histoplasma/genética , Histoplasma/patogenicidade , Histoplasmose/microbiologia , Histoplasmose/patologia , Humanos , México/epidemiologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Especificidade de Órgãos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
Quality of Life (QoL) refers to a concept that might comprise different levels, which are able to identify the biological, economic, social and psychological demands from individual level up to community level. The concept of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) refers to the ability of performing daily activities and considers subjective aspects such as happiness, social well-being and emotional well-being, in order to know people's perception about their life. The aim of this article is to review the main factors associated with OHRQoL in children. Socioeconomic status, family structure, overcrowded homes, number of children, parent's educational attainment and psychological factors, among others, were significant predictors for children's OHRQoL. In Chile, there is a scarcity of OHRQoL in children and adolescents. The knowledge of OHRQoL might help to improve the development of programs and the effective-ness of oral health services, since it allows the assessment of small children, perceived needs and effectiveness of treatment strategies
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Percepção , Qualidade de Vida , Saúde BucalRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Interleucina-6/análise , Eliminação Pulmonar , Asma/fisiopatologia , Expiração , Biomarcadores/análise , Corticosteroides/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
The Arc two-component signal transduction system of Escherichia coli comprises the ArcB sensor kinase and the ArcA response regulator. Under anoxic growth conditions, ArcB autophosphorylates and transphos-phorylates ArcA, which, in turn, represses or activates its target operons. ArcA has been shown to be able to autophosphorylate in vitro at the expense of acetyl-P. Here, the in vivo effect of acetyl phosphate on the redox signal transduction by the Arc system was assessed. Our results indicate that acetyl phosphate can modulate the expression of ArcA-P target genes only in the absence of ArcB. Therefore, the acetyl phosphate dependent ArcA phosphorylation route does not seem to play a significant role under physiological conditions.
Assuntos
Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/metabolismo , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Escherichia coli/fisiologia , Organofosfatos/metabolismo , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Modelos Biológicos , FosforilaçãoRESUMO
The Arc two-component system, comprising the ArcB sensor kinase and the ArcA response regulator, modulates the expression of numerous genes in response to the respiratory conditions of growth. Under anoxic growth conditions, ArcB autophosphorylates and transphosphorylates ArcA, which in turn represses or activates its target operons. Under aerobic growth conditions, phosphorylated ArcA (ArcA-P) dephosphorylates and its transcriptional regulation is released. The dephosphorylation of ArcA-P has been shown to occur, at least in vitro, via an ArcA(Asp54)-P --> ArcB(His717)-P --> ArcB(Asp576)-P --> P(i) reverse phosphorelay. In this study, the physiological significance of this pathway was assessed. The results demonstrate that the receiver and phosphotransfer domains of the tripartite sensor kinase ArcB are necessary and sufficient for efficient ArcA-P dephosphorylation in vivo.
Assuntos
Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/metabolismo , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína/fisiologia , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Adaptação Fisiológica , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/química , Proteínas de Escherichia coli/genética , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Fosforilação , Proteínas Quinases/genética , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína/genética , Proteínas Repressoras/químicaRESUMO
Objetivo: El presente trabajo sintetiza la información obtenida a la fecha sobre aislamiento, infección y enfermedad por Histoplasma capsulatum en fauna silvestre. Registros en mamíferos silvestres: Se ha reportado infección en varias especies correspondientes a 30 géneros, 12 familias y seis órdenes de mamíferos silvestres, 37 de las especies citadas pertenecen al orden Chiroptera (murciélagos)