DNA sensing via the cGAS/STING pathway activates the immunoproteasome and adaptive T-cell immunity.

The immunoproteasome is a specialized type of proteasome involved in MHC class I antigen presentation, antiviral adaptive immunity, autoimmunity, and is also part of a broader response to stress. Whether the immunoproteasome is regulated by DNA stress, however, is not known. We here demonstrate that mitochondrial DNA stress upregulates the immunoproteasome and MHC class I antigen presentation pathway via cGAS/STING/type I interferon signaling resulting in cell autonomous activation of CD8+ T cells. The cGAS/STING-induced adaptive immune response is also observed in response to genomic DNA and is conserved in epithelial and mesenchymal cells of mice and men. In patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic activation of the cGAS/STING-induced adaptive immune response in aberrant lung epithelial cells concurs with CD8+ T-cell activation in diseased lungs. Genetic depletion of the immunoproteasome and specific immunoproteasome inhibitors counteract DNA stress induced cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell activation. Our data thus unravel cytoplasmic DNA sensing via the cGAS/STING pathway as an activator of the immunoproteasome and CD8+ T cells. This represents a novel potential pathomechanism for pulmonary fibrosis that opens new therapeutic perspectives.

Boosted hydrogen evolution kinetics of heteroatom-doped carbons with isolated Zn as an accelerant.

Carbon-based single-atom catalysts, a promising candidate in electrocatalysis, offer insights into electron-donating effects of metal center on adjacent atoms. Herein, we present a practical strategy to rationally design a model catalyst with a single zinc (Zn) atom coordinated with nitrogen and sulfur atoms in a multilevel carbon matrix. The Zn site exhibits an atomic interface configuration of ZnN4S1, where Zn's electron injection effect enables thermal-neutral hydrogen adsorption on neighboring atoms, pushing the activity boundaries of carbon electrocatalysts toward electrochemical hydrogen evolution to an unprecedented level. Experimental and theoretical analyses confirm the low-barrier Volmer-Tafel mechanism of proton reduction, while the multishell hollow structures facilitate the hydrogen evolution even at high current intensities. This work provides insights for understanding the actual active species during hydrogen evolution reaction and paves the way for designing high-performance electrocatalysts.

Isolated Ni Atoms Enable Near-Unity CH4 Selectivity for Photothermal CO2 Hydrogenation.

Photothermal hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) into value-added products is an ideal solution for addressing the energy crisis and mitigating CO2 emissions. However, achieving high product selectivity remains challenging due to the simultaneous occurrence of numerous competing intermediate reactions during CO2 hydrogenation. We present a novel approach featuring isolated single-atom nickel (Ni) anchored onto indium oxide (In2O3) nanocrystals, serving as an effective photothermal catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation into methane (CH4) with a remarkable near-unity (∼99%) selectivity. Experiments and theoretical simulations have confirmed that isolated Ni sites on the In2O3 surface can effectively stabilize the intermediate products of the CO2 hydrogenation reaction and reduce the transition state energy barrier, thereby changing the reaction path to achieve ultrahigh selective methanation. This study provides comprehensive insights into the design of single-atom catalysts for the highly selective photothermal catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to methane.

Glutathione S-transferase activity facilitates rice tolerance to the barnyard grass root exudate DIMBOA.

BACKGROUND: In paddy fields, the noxious weed barnyard grass secretes 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA) to interfere with rice growth. Rice is unable to synthesize DIMBOA. Rice cultivars with high or low levels of allelopathy may respond differently to DIMBOA. RESULTS: In this study, we found that low concentrations of DIMBOA (≤ 0.06 mM) promoted seedling growth in allelopathic rice PI312777, while DIMBOA (≤ 0.08 mM) had no significant influence on the nonallelopathic rice Lemont. DIMBOA treatment caused changes in the expression of a large number of glutathione S-transferase (GST) proteins, which resulting in enrichment of the glutathione metabolic pathway. This pathway facilitates plant detoxification of heterologous substances. The basal levels of GST activity in Lemont were significantly higher than those in PI312777, while GST activity in PI312777 was slightly induced by increasing DIMBOA concentrations. Overexpression of GST genes (Os09g0367700 and Os01g0949800) in these two cultivars enhanced rice resistance to DIMBOA. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our results indicated that different rice accessions with different levels of allelopathy have variable tolerance to DIMBOA. Lemont had higher GST activity, which helped it tolerate DIMBOA, while PI312777 had lower GST activity that was more inducible. The enhancement of GST expression facilitates rice tolerance to DIMBOA toxins from barnyard grass root exudates.

Intrathecal Anesthesia Prevents Ventricular Arrhythmias in Rats with Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion.

INTRODUCTION: Ventricular arrhythmia is commonly provoked by acute cardiac ischemia through sympathetic exaggeration and is often resistant to anti-arrhythmic therapies. Thoracic epidural anesthesia has been reported to terminate fatal ventricular arrhythmia; however, its underlying mechanism is unknown. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham, sham plus bupivacaine, ischemia/reperfusion (IR), and IR plus bupivacaine groups. Bupivacaine (1 mg/mL, 0.05 mL/100 g body weight) was injected intrathecally into the L5-L6 intervertebral space prior to establishing a myocardial IR rat model. Thereafter, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac function, myocardial injury, and electrical activities of the heart and spinal cord were evaluated. RESULTS: Intrathecal bupivacaine inhibited spinal neural activity, improved heart rate variability, reduced ventricular arrhythmia score, and ameliorated cardiac dysfunction in IR rats. Furthermore, intrathecal bupivacaine attenuated cardiac injury and myocardial apoptosis and regulated cardiomyocyte autophagy and connexin-43 distribution during myocardial IR. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that intrathecal bupivacaine blunts spinal neural activity to prevent cardiac arrhythmia and dysfunction induced by IR and that this anti-arrhythmic activity may be associated with regulation of autonomic balance, myocardial apoptosis and autophagy, and cardiac gap junction function.

Bioinspired Polyoxo-titanium Cluster for Greatly Enhanced Solar-Driven CO2 Reduction.

Developing artificial enzymes with excellent catalytic activities and uncovering the structural and chemical determinants remain a grand challenge. Discrete titanium-oxo clusters with well-defined coordination environments at the atomic level can mimic the pivotal catalytic center of natural enzymes and optimize the charge-transfer kinetics. Herein, we report the precise structural tailoring of a self-assembled tetrahedral Ti4Mn3-cluster for photocatalytic CO2 reduction and realize the selective evolution of CO over specific sites. Experiments and theoretical simulation demonstrate that the high catalytic performance of the Ti4Mn3-cluster should be related to the synergy between active Mn sites and the surrounding functional microenvironment. The reduced energy barrier of the CO2 photoreduction reaction and moderate adsorption strength of CO* are beneficial for the high selective evolution of CO. This work provides a molecular scale accurate structural model to give insight into artificial enzyme for CO2 photoreduction.

Exploring Preclinical Experiments with Different Fat Types for Autologous Fat Grafting.

BACKGROUND: Autologous fat transplantation has been a cornerstone of tissue regeneration for decades. However, there is no standardized selection system or criteria for fat graft selection, often relying heavily on the surgeon's experience. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate various types of fat derivatives, both in vitro and in vivo at the same condition. METHODS: We collected traditional fat granules of different sizes and SVF-gel, evaluating the viability of ADSCs isolated from them and their performance after grafting into mice. RESULTS: Large fat granules exhibited more complete adipocyte structures, and the isolated ADSCs demonstrated superior differentiation, proliferation, and secretion capacities. They also showed excellent volume retention after 12 weeks. In contrast, ADSCs isolated from SVF-gel displayed lower vitality. However, grafts from SVF-gel exhibited the highest volume maintenance rate among the four groups after 12 weeks, closely resembling normal adipose tissue and displaying significant vascularization. Compared to large fat granule and SVF-gel group, medium and small fat granule grafts exhibited lower volume retention and less angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: Through preclinical studies, the flexible clinical use of different fat grafts can be tailored to their unique characteristics. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE I: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Correlating Structural Disorder in Metal (Oxy)hydroxides and Catalytic Activity in Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution.

Understanding the correlation between the structural evolution of electrocatalysts and their catalytic activity is both essential and challenging. In this study, we investigate this correlation in the context of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by examining the influence of structural disorder during and after dynamic structural evolution on the OER activity of Fe-Ni (oxy)hydroxide catalysts using operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy, alongside other experiments and theoretical calculations. The Debye-Waller factors obtained from extended X-ray absorption fine structure analyses reflect the degree of structural disorder and exhibit a robust correlation with the intrinsic OER activities of the electrocatalysts. The enhanced OER activity of in situ-generated metal (oxy)hydroxides derived from different pre-catalysts is linked to increased structural disorder, offering a promising approach for designing efficient OER electrocatalysts. This strategy may inspire similar investigations in related electrocatalytic energy-conversion systems.

Oxygen-Activated Boron Nitride for Selective Photocatalytic Coupling of Methanol to Ethylene Glycol.

The controllable photocatalytic C-C coupling of methanol to produce ethylene glycol (EG) is a highly desirable but challenging objective for replacing the current energy-intensive thermocatalytic process. Here, we develop a metal-free porous boron nitride catalyst that demonstrates exceptional selectivity in the photocatalytic production of EG from methanol under mild conditions. Comprehensive experiments and calculations are conducted to thoroughly investigate the reaction mechanism, revealing that the OB3 unit in the porous BN plays a critical role in the preferential activation of C-H bond in methanol to form ⋅CH2OH via a concerted proton-electron transfer mechanism. More prominent energy barriers are observed for the further dehydrogenation of the ⋅CH2OH intermediate on the OB3 unit, inhibiting the formation of some other by-products during the catalytic process. Additionally, a small downhill energy barrier for the coupling of ⋅CH2OH in the OB3 unit promotes the selective generation of EG. This study provides valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms and can serve as a guide for the design and optimization of photocatalysts for efficient and selective EG production under mild conditions.

Hydroxyl-Bonded Ru on Metallic TiN Surface Catalyzing CO2 Reduction with H2O by Infrared Light.

Synchronized conversion of CO2 and H2O into hydrocarbons and oxygen via infrared-ignited photocatalysis remains a challenge. Herein, the hydroxyl-coordinated single-site Ru is anchored precisely on the metallic TiN surface by a NaBH4/NaOH reforming method to construct an infrared-responsive HO-Ru/TiN photocatalyst. Aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ac-HAADF-STEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) confirm the atomic distribution of the Ru species. XAS and density functional theory (DFT) calculations unveil the formation of surface HO-RuN5-Ti Lewis pair sites, which achieves efficient CO2 polarization/activation via dual coordination with the C and O atoms of CO2 on HO-Ru/TiN. Also, implanting the Ru species on the TiN surface powerfully boosts the separation and transfer of photoinduced charges. Under infrared irradiation, the HO-Ru/TiN catalyst shows a superior CO2-to-CO transformation activity coupled with H2O oxidation to release O2, and the CO2 reduction rate can further be promoted by about 3-fold under simulated sunlight. With the key reaction intermediates determined by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and predicted by DFT simulations, a possible photoredox mechanism of the CO2 reduction system is proposed.

Increased level of exosomal miR-20b-5p derived from hypothermia-treated microglia promotes neurite outgrowth and synapse recovery after traumatic brain injury.

Mild hypothermia has been proven to inhibit microglia activation after TBI. Exosomal microRNA derived from microglia played a critical role in promoting neurite outgrowth and synapse recovery. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of microRNAs in microglial exosomes after hypothermia treatment on neuronal regeneration after TBI. For in vitro study, stretch-injured neurons were co-cultured with microglial exosomes. For in vivo study, C57BL/6 mice were under controlled cortical impact and injected with microglial exosomes. The results showed that MG-LPS-EXOHT increased the number of dendrite branches and total length of dendrites both in vitro and in vivo, elevated the expression levels of PSD-95 and GluR1 in stretch-injured neurons, and increased spine density in the pericontusion region. Moreover, MG-LPS-EXOHT improved motor function and motor coordination. A high-throughput sequencing showed that miR-20b-5p was upregulated in MG-LPS-EXOHT. Elevating miR-20b-5p promoted neurite outgrowth and synapse recovery of injured neurons both in vitro and in vivo. Following mechanistic study demonstrated that miR-20b-5p might promote neurite outgrowth and synapse recovery by directly targeting PTEN and activating PI3K-AKT pathway. In conclusion, mild hypothermia could modify the microRNA prolife of exosomes derived from LPS activated BV2 cells. Furthermore, high level of microglial exosomal miR-20b-5p induced by mild hypothermia could transfer into injured neurons and promote neurite outgrowth and synapse recovery after TBI via activating the PI3K-AKT pathway by suppressing PTEN expression.

Antiviral CD8+ T-cell immune responses are impaired by cigarette smoke and in COPD.

BACKGROUND: Virus infections drive COPD exacerbations and progression. Antiviral immunity centres on the activation of virus-specific CD8+ T-cells by viral epitopes presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules of infected cells. These epitopes are generated by the immunoproteasome, a specialised intracellular protein degradation machine, which is induced by antiviral cytokines in infected cells. METHODS: We analysed the effects of cigarette smoke on cytokine- and virus-mediated induction of the immunoproteasome in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo using RNA and Western blot analyses. CD8+ T-cell activation was determined in co-culture assays with cigarette smoke-exposed influenza A virus (IAV)-infected cells. Mass-spectrometry-based analysis of MHC class I-bound peptides uncovered the effects of cigarette smoke on inflammatory antigen presentation in lung cells. IAV-specific CD8+ T-cell numbers were determined in patients' peripheral blood using tetramer technology. RESULTS: Cigarette smoke impaired the induction of the immunoproteasome by cytokine signalling and viral infection in lung cells in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. In addition, cigarette smoke altered the peptide repertoire of antigens presented on MHC class I molecules under inflammatory conditions. Importantly, MHC class I-mediated activation of IAV-specific CD8+ T-cells was dampened by cigarette smoke. COPD patients exhibited reduced numbers of circulating IAV-specific CD8+ T-cells compared to healthy controls and asthmatics. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that cigarette smoke interferes with MHC class I antigen generation and presentation and thereby contributes to impaired activation of CD8+ T-cells upon virus infection. This adds important mechanistic insight on how cigarette smoke mediates increased susceptibility of smokers and COPD patients to viral infections.

Ultra-Highly Active Ni-Doped MOF-5 Heterogeneous Catalysts for Ethylene Dimerization.

Here, an ultra-highly active Ni-MOF-5 catalyst with high Ni loading for ethylene dimerization is reported. The Ni-MOF-5 catalysts are synthesized by a facile one-pot co-precipitation method at room temperature, where Ni2+ replaces Zn2+ in MOF-5. Unlike Zn2+ with tetrahedral coordination in MOF-5, Ni2+ is coordinated with extra solvent molecules except for four-oxygen from the framework. After removing coordinated solvent molecules, Ni-MOF-5 achieves an ethylene turnover frequency of 352 000 h-1 , corresponding to 9040 g of product per gram of catalyst per hour, at 35 °C and 50 bar, far exceeding the activities of all reported heterogeneous catalysts. The high Ni loading and full exposure structure account for the excellent catalytic performance. Isotope labeling experiments reveal that the catalytic process follows the Cossee-Arlman mechanism, rationalizing the high activity and selectivity of the catalyst. These results demonstrate that Ni-MOF-5 catalysts are very promising for industrial catalytic ethylene dimerization.

LncRNA CEBPA-AS1 alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by sponging miR-340-5p regulating APPL1/LKB1/AMPK pathway.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate neurological damage in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). This study aimed to investigate the biological roles of lncRNA CEBPA-AS1 in CIRI. Middle cerebral artery occlusion and ischemia-reperfusion injury (MCAO/IR) rat model and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) cell lines were generated; the expression of CEBPA-AS1 was evaluated by qRT-PCR. The effects of CEBPA-AS1 on cell apoptosis and nerve damage were examined. The downstream microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA of CEBPA-AS1 were predicted and verified. We found that overexpression of CEBPA-AS1 could attenuate MCAO/IR-induced nerve damage and neuronal apoptosis in the rat model. Knockdown of CEBPA-AS1 aggravated cell apoptosis and enhanced the production of LDH and MDA in the OGD/R cells. Upon examining the molecular mechanisms, we found that CEBPA-AS1 stimulated APPL1 expression by combining with miR-340-5p, thereby regulating the APPL1/LKB1/AMPK pathway. In the rescue experiments, CEBPA-AS1 overexpression was found to attenuate OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis and MCAO/IR induced nerve damage, while miR-340-5p reversed these effects of CEBPA-AS1. In conclusion, CEBPA-AS1 could decrease CIRI by sponging miR-340-5, regulating the APPL1/LKB1/AMPK pathway.

The analyses of the complete mitochondrial genomes of three crabs revealed novel gene rearrangements and phylogenetic relationships of Brachyura.

BACKGROUND: Brachyura crab is the largest branch of Decapoda crustacean. Phylogenetic relationships within Brachyura remain controversial to be investigated. The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) is an important molecular marker for studying the phylogenetic relationships of Brachyura. METHODS AND RESULTS: To understand the phylogeny of Brachyura, the three complete mitogenomes from Charybdis annulata, Leptodius exaratus, and Spider crab were sequenced and annotated. Their full length was 15,747, 15,716, and 16,608 bp long, respectively. The first two crabs both contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and a control region. However, Spider crab contained 13 PCGs, two rRNA genes, 25 tRNA genes and a control region. The mitogenomes of each of the three crabs exhibited high AT content (67.8%, 69.1%, and 70.8%), with negative AT skews (-0.014, - 0.028, and - 0.017) and GC skews (-0.269, - 0.286, and - 0.341). The gene order of C. annulata was identical to the ancestor of Brachyura. Compared with the ancestor of Brachyura, L. exaratus exhibited the gene rearrangements of Val (V)-rrnS-control region, and Spider crab had the four copies of Lys (K). Phylogenetic analyses indicated that C. annulata belonged to Portunidae family, Portunoidea superfamilies, L. exaratus belonged to Xanthidae family, Xanthoidea superfamilies, and Spider crab belonged to Mithracidae family, Majoidea superfamilies. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the two species (Somanniathelphusa boyangensis and Huananpotamon lichuanense) belonging to the Potamoidea were sister groups to the Thoracotremata, thus supporting the conclusion that Heterotremata is polyphyletic. CONCLUSION: The results of this study enriched the crab mitogenome database and enabled us to better understand the phylogenetic relationships of Brachyura.

Assessment of ultrasound shear wave elastography: An animal ex-vivo study.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the influence of the surrounding environment of the target tissue, lesion size, and rectangular sampling box size on shear wave speed (SWS). METHODS: The tendon SWS was acquired ex-vivo. Then the tendons were dissected and buried in the couplant (gel) and evaluated by two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE). Finally, the tendons were placed in the isolated muscles to simulate the intramuscular lesions, and their elasticity was tested under two rectangular sampling box conditions. The isolated complete liver SWS was acquired. Similarly, the large and small pieces of livers were cut out, placed in the muscles, and assessed by SWE under two rectangular sampling box conditions. The SWS acquired under different conditions was compared. Variability was evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate repeatability. RESULTS: The SWS of the tendons ex-vivo, buried in the couplant and placed in the isolated muscles showed significant differences (p < 0.001). The ex-vivo condition produced the highest SWS and CV values. There were significant differences in SWS of livers with different sizes placed in muscles (p < 0.001). The highest SWS value was associated with small pieces of livers. No significant difference was found in SWS acquired under different rectangular box sizes (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Under the present study conditions, the surrounding environment of the target tissue makes a big difference to lesion SWS values. The lesion size will affect the assessment of its inherent elasticity. The size of the sampling frame has no significant effect on the tissue SWS.

Key Strategies for Enhancing H2 Production in Transition Metal Oxide Based Photocatalysts.

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) were one of the first photocatalysts used to produce hydrogen from water using solar energy. Despite the emergence of many other genres of photocatalysts over the years, TMO photocatalysts remain dominant due to their easy synthesis and unique physicochemical properties. Various strategies have been developed to enhance the photocatalytic activity of TMOs, but the solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency of TMO photocatalysts is still very low (<2 %), which is far below the targeted STH of 10 % for commercial viability. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of several widely used strategies, including oxygen defects control, doping, establishing interfacial junctions, and phase-facet-morphology engineering, that have been adopted to improve TMO photocatalysts. By critically evaluating these strategies and providing a roadmap for future research directions, this article serves as a valuable resource for researchers, students, and professionals seeking to develop efficient energy materials for green energy solutions.

Isolated Electron Trap-Induced Charge Accumulation for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

The solar-driven evolution of hydrogen from water using particulate photocatalysts is considered one of the most economical and promising protocols for achieving a stable supply of renewable energy. However, the efficiency of photocatalytic water splitting is far from satisfactory due to the sluggish electron-hole pair separation kinetics. Herein, isolated Mo atoms in a high oxidation state have been incorporated into the lattice of Cd0.5 Zn0.5 S (CZS@Mo) nanorods, which exhibit photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 11.32 mmol g-1 h-1 (226.4 µmol h-1 ; catalyst dosage 20 mg). Experimental and theoretical simulation results imply that the highly oxidized Mo species lead to mobile-charge imbalances in CZS and induce the directional photogenerated electrons transfer, resulting in effectively inhibited electron-hole recombination and greatly enhanced photocatalytic efficiency.

Reversely Trapping Isolated Atoms in High Oxidation State for Accelerating the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Kinetics.

Developing efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is paramount to the energy conversion and storage devices. However, the structural complexity of heterogeneous electrocatalysts makes it a great challenge to elucidate the dynamic structural evolution and OER mechanisms. Here, we develop a controllable atom-trapping strategy to extract isolated Mo atom from the amorphous MoOx -decorated CoSe2 (a-MoOx @CoSe2 ) pre-catalyst into Co-based oxyhydroxide (Mo-CoOOH) through an ultra-fast self-reconstruction process during the OER process. This conceptual advance has been validated by operando characterizations, which reveals that the initially rapid Mo leaching can expedite the dynamic reconstruction of pre-catalyst, and simultaneously trap Mo species in high oxidation state into the lattice of in situ generated CoOOH support. Impressively, the OER kinetics of CoOOH has been greatly accelerated after the reverse decoration of Mo species, in which the Mo-CoOOH affords a markedly decreased overpotential of 297 mV at the current density of 100 mA cm-2 . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the Co species have been greatly activated via the effective electron coupling with Mo species in high oxidation state. These findings open new avenues toward directly synthesizing atomically dispersed electrocatalysts for high-efficiency water splitting.

Cardiac Segmentation Method Based on Domain Knowledge.

Echocardiography plays an important role in the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac function assessment by echocardiography is a crucial process in daily cardiology. However, cardiac segmentation in echocardiography is a challenging task due to shadows and speckle noise. The traditional manual segmentation method is a time-consuming process and limited by inter-observer variability. In this paper, we present a fast and accurate echocardiographic automatic segmentation framework based on Convolutional neural networks (CNN). We propose FAUet, a segmentation method serially integrated U-Net with coordinate attention mechanism and domain feature loss from VGG19 pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset. The coordinate attention mechanism can capture long-range dependencies along one spatial direction and meanwhile preserve precise positional information along the other spatial direction. And the domain feature loss is more concerned with the topology of cardiac structures by exploiting their higher-level features. In this research, we use a two-dimensional echocardiogram (2DE) of 88 patients from two devices, Philips Epiq 7C and Mindray Resona 7T, to segment the left ventricle (LV), interventricular septal (IVS), and posterior left ventricular wall (PLVW). We also draw the gradient weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) to improve the interpretability of the segmentation results. Compared with the traditional U-Net, the proposed segmentation method shows better performance. The mean Dice Score Coefficient (Dice) of LV, IVS, and PLVW of FAUet can achieve 0.932, 0.848, and 0.868, and the average Dice of the three objects can achieve 0.883. Statistical analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the segmentation results of the two devices. The proposed method can realize fast and accurate segmentation of 2DE with a low time cost. Combining coordinate attention module and feature loss with the original U-Net framework can significantly increase the performance of the algorithm.