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1.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 78(8): 229-235, Ene-Jun, 2024.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-VR-486

RESUMO

La alteración aguda del estado mental en pediatría se refiere a un cambio repentino y significativo en la función cerebral y el nivel de conciencia de un niño. Puede manifestarse como confusión, desorientación, agitación, letargo o incluso pérdida de la conciencia. Esta condición es una emergencia médica, y requiere una evaluación y una atención inmediatas. Existen diversas causas de alteración aguda del estado mental en niños, algunas de las cuales incluyen infecciones del sistema nervioso central, como la meningitis o la encefalitis, los traumatismos craneoencefálicos, los trastornos metabólicos, las convulsiones o las intoxicaciones, entre otras. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar, preparar y calificar la bibliografía actual para determinar las mejores recomendaciones sobre el tratamiento ante casos de alteración aguda del estado mental en pediatría de diferentes causas. El estudio se basó en la calificación de expertos en el campo para poder determinar la calificación de las recomendaciones, además de ser sometido a la revisión por parte del comité científico de la Academia Iberoamericana de Neurología Pediátrica. Nuestra guía representa una ayuda para el tratamiento de este síntoma inespecífico desde un enfoque básico y avanzado, aplicable por cualquier neurólogo pediatra.(AU)


In pediatric patients, an acute altered mental status refers to a sudden and significant change in a child’s brain function and level of consciousness. It may manifest as confusion, disorientation, agitation, lethargy or even a loss of consciousness. This condition is a medical emergency, and requires immediate evaluation and attention. There are several causes of acute altered mental status in children, including infections of the central nervous system such as meningitis or encephalitis, traumatic brain injury, metabolic disorders, seizures and poisoning, among others. The aim of this study was to analyse, prepare and classify the current literature in order to determine the best recommendations for the treatment of cases of acute altered mental status with various causes in pediatric patients. The study was based on opinions from experts in the field in order to classify the recommendations, and was submitted to the scientific committee of the Iberoamerican Academy of Pediatric Neurology for review. Our guide is an aid for the treatment of this non-specific symptom based on a basic and advanced approach, which can be applied by any pediatric neurologist.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Saúde da Criança , Consciência , Confusão , Fadiga Mental , Disfunção Cognitiva , Pediatria , Neurologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso
2.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 59(2): [101452], Mar-Abr. 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231165

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre funcionalidad familiar y deterioro cognitivo leve en la familia con adulto mayor. Metodología: Diseño transversal analítico en familias con pacientes geriátricos. Se consideró familia con paciente geriátrico cuando al menos uno de sus integrantes tenía más de 60años de edad. Los grupos de comparación fueron la familia con paciente geriátrico sin deterioro cognitivo y la familia con paciente geriátrico con deterioro cognitivo leve determinada con el instrumento MoCA. La funcionalidad familiar se evaluó con el instrumento APGAR familiar, el cual identifica tres categorías: funcionalidad familiar, disfuncionalidad familiar moderada y disfuncionalidad familiar severa. El análisis estadístico incluyó chi cuadrado y prueba de Mann Whitney. Resultados: En la familia con paciente geriátrico, en el grupo sin deterioro cognitivo la prevalencia de funcionalidad familiar es del 89,7% y en el grupo con deterioro cognitivo leve la prevalencia de funcionalidad familiar es del 59,3% (MW=4,87, p<0,000). Conclusión: Existe asociación entre funcionalidad familiar y deterioro cognitivo leve.(AU)


Aim: To determine the association between family functionality and mild cognitive impairment in the family with the elderly. Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional design in families with geriatric patients. A family with a geriatric patient was considered when at least one of its members was over 60years of age. The comparison groups were the family with a geriatric patient without cognitive impairment and the family with a geriatric patient with mild cognitive impairment determined with the MoCA instrument. Family functionality was evaluated with the family APGAR instrument, which identifies three categories: family functionality, moderate family dysfunction, and severe family dysfunction. Statistical analysis included Chi square and Mann-Whitney test. Results: In the family with a geriatric patient, in the group without cognitive impairment the prevalence of family functionality is 89.7% and in the group with mild cognitive impairment the prevalence of family functionality is 59.3% (MW=4.87, P<.000). Conclusion: There is an association between family functionality and mild cognitive impairment.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Disfunção Cognitiva , Família , Prevalência , Envelhecimento , Estudos Transversais , Geriatria , Saúde do Idoso
4.
Reumatol. clín. (Barc.) ; 20(4): 175-180, Abr. 2024. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-232369

RESUMO

Aim of the work: To evaluate serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in Egyptian patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its relation with cognitive dysfunction. Patients and methods: The study was carried out on 60 RA patients; 30 were active (group A) and 30 were non active (group B); and 30 controls (group C). RA disease activity was assessed via DAS28 tool, cognitive function via The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and depression via the PHQ depression scale. Serum BDNF levels were measured. Results: The mean age in group A was 37.8 (±9.37) years with 83.3% females, in group B was 39.97 (±8.04) years with 86.7% females and in group C was 33.17 (±3.6) years with 93.3% females. Abnormal cognitive functions test was detected in 66.7% of group A, 66.7% of group B, and in 23.3% of group C. There was a statistically significant difference in BDNF serum level between both groups of patients (1.58±0.9ng/ml for group A, 1.81±1.17ng/ml for group B) compared with the control group (3.01±1.25ng/ml, p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between BDNF and both disease duration and cognitive function, also no statistically significant difference regarding cognitive function, depression, and BNDF levels in patients with and without fibromyalgia. At a cut-off value of <2ng/ml, BDNF detected RA patients with cognitive dysfunction with a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 96.67%. Conclusion: BDNF can be a potential biomarker of cognitive dysfunction in RA patients.(AU)


Objetivo: Evaluar el factor neurotrófico derivado del cerebro (BDNF) en suero en pacientes egipcios con artritis reumatoide (AR) y su relación con la disfunción cognitiva. Pacientes y métodos: El estudio se realizó en 60 pacientes con AR; 30 eran activos (grupo A) y 30 no activos (grupo B); y 30 controles (grupo C). La actividad de la enfermedad de AR se evaluó a través de la herramienta DAS28, la función cognitiva a través de la Evaluación Cognitiva de Montreal y la depresión a través de la escala de depresión PHQ. Se midieron los niveles de BDNF en suero. Resultados: La edad media en el grupo A fue de 37,8 (±9,37) años con 83,3% de mujeres, en el grupo B de 39,97 (±8,04) años con 86,7% de mujeres y en el grupo C de 33,17 (±3,6) años con 93,3% de mujeres. La prueba de funciones cognitivas anormales se detectó en 66,7% del grupo A, 66,7% del grupo B y 23,3% del grupo C. Hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el nivel sérico de BDNF entre ambos grupos de pacientes (1,58±0,9ng/mL para grupo A, 1,81±1,17ng/mL para el grupo B) en comparación con el grupo control (3,01±1,25ng/mL, p<0,001). No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el BDNF y la duración de la enfermedad y la función cognitiva, tampoco hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas con respecto a la función cognitiva, la depresión y los niveles de BDNF en pacientes con y sin fibromialgia. A un valor de corte de <2ng/mL, BDNF detectó pacientes con AR con disfunción cognitiva con una sensibilidad de 80% y una especificidad de 96,67%. Conclusión: BDNF puede ser un biomarcador potencial de disfunción cognitiva en pacientes con AR.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Artrite Reumatoide/diagnóstico , Disfunção Cognitiva , Fatores de Crescimento Neural , Fibromialgia , Reumatologia , Doenças Reumáticas , Egito
5.
Psicooncología (Pozuelo de Alarcón) ; 21(1): 69-90, abr.-2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-232428

RESUMO

Objetivo: determinar las alteraciones cognitivas asociadas al tratamiento de hormonoterapia en pacientes con cáncer de mama. Método: el presente trabajo consiste en una revisión sistemática de estudios experimentales internacionales sobre los efectos de la hormonoterapia en las funciones cognitivas en mujeres con cáncer de mama, siguiendo la declaración PRISMA. Para su selección se han seguido unos criterios metodológicos estrictos, incluyendo únicamente estudios longitudinales con evaluaciones de línea base y/o grupo control. Resultados: a pesar de las discrepancias descritas, los resultados muestran deterioro significativo en memoria verbal, funciones ejecutivas, aprendizaje verbal y velocidad de procesamiento. Conclusiones: de cara a futuras investigaciones se recomienda utilizar unos criterios metodológicos más estrictos y realizar seguimientos a largo plazo, teniendo en cuenta que la media de administración de estos tratamientos oscila entre 5 y 10 años.(AU)


Objective: to determine the cognitive alterations associated with hormone therapy in breast cancer patients. Methods: the present work consists of a systematic review of international experimental studies on the effects of hormone therapy on cognitive functions in women with breast cancer, following the PRISMA statement. Strict methodological criteria were followed for its selection, including only longitudinal studies with baseline and/or control group evaluations. Results: despite the discrepancies described, the results show significant impairment in verbal memory, executive functions, verbal learning, and processing speed. Conclusions: for future research it is recommended to use stricter methodological criteria and to carry out long-term follow-ups, considering that the average time of administration of these treatments’ ranges between 5 and 10 year.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Terapias Complementares , Terapia de Reposição Hormonal , Moduladores Seletivos de Receptor Estrogênico , Inibidores da Aromatase , Cognição , Neoplasias , Psico-Oncologia , Disfunção Cognitiva , Oncologia
6.
Pap. psicol ; 45(1): 19-25, Ene-Abr, 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229712

RESUMO

El uso clínico del mindfulness adaptado a la psicosis ha sido rechazado por algunos profesionales de la Salud Mental debido a prejuicios y falta de información. Sin embargo, la evidencia actual ha demostrado que las Intervenciones Basadas en Mindfulness (MBI) son seguras y tienen numerosos beneficios en los trastornos del espectro psicótico. Las MBI son adaptables a diferentes contextos y situaciones clínicas, incluido el deterioro cognitivo, y aunque no constituye su objetivo principal, pueden facilitar la reducción de la sintomatología negativa en la psicosis. Las MBI permiten a las personas con psicosis enfrentar las experiencias alucinatorias desde una perspectiva diferente, fomentando la flexibilidad, la regulación emocional y la aceptación. Es importante adaptar las intervenciones a las características de la psicosis, así como distinguir entre los diferentes tipos de prácticas, para aplicarlas de manera diferencial según la sintomatología específica y las características de la persona.(AU)


The clinical use of psychosis-adapted mindfulness has been rejected by some mental health professionals due to biases and lack of information. However, current evidence has demonstrated the safety and numerous benefits of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in psychotic spectrum disorders. MBIs are adaptable to diverse clinical contexts and situations, including cognitive impairment, and although it is not their primary objective, they can facilitate the reduction of negative symptomatology in psychosis. MBIs enable individuals with psychosis toapproach hallucinatory experiences from an alternative perspective, fostering flexibility, emotional regulation, and acceptance. It is crucial to tailor interventions to the characteristics of the psychosis, as well as to differentiate between the various types of practices, in order to apply them differentially depending on the specific symptoms and characteristics of the individual.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Atenção Plena , Transtornos Psicóticos , Alucinações , Saúde Mental , Psicologia , Disfunção Cognitiva
7.
Psiquiatr. biol. (Internet) ; 31(1): [100439], ene.-mar 2024.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231631

RESUMO

El aumento de la esperanza de vida ha llevado a un incremento en la incidencia de enfermedades crónicas como la demencia. Tratar los factores de riesgo de la demencia, como la depresión, podría reducir su incidencia. Sin embargo, el tratamiento con antidepresivos no ha sido eficaz en el manejo de este síntoma, lo que aumenta el riesgo de demencia en el futuro. Es fundamental investigar las causas y el tratamiento de la depresión, y el uso de modelos animales es importante en este sentido. Este estudio busca analizar la relación entre la depresión y el riesgo de desarrollar demencia, así como los modelos preclínicos más relevantes para estudiar la depresión en roedores. (AU)


The increase in life expectancy has led to a rise in the incidence of chronic diseases, such as dementia. Treating the risk factors of dementia, such as depression, could help reduce its occurrence. However, antidepressant treatment has not proven effective in managing this symptom, thereby increasing the risk of dementia in the future. It is essential to investigate the causes and treatment of depression, and in this regard, the use of animal models is of great significance. This study aims to analyze the evidence supporting the relationship between depression and the risk of developing dementia, while also providing an update on the most relevant preclinical models for studying depression in rodents. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Demência/diagnóstico , Demência/prevenção & controle , Depressão/diagnóstico , Depressão/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Risco , Antidepressivos/efeitos adversos , Disfunção Cognitiva , Modelos Animais
8.
Inf. psiquiátr ; (253): 9-22, 1er trim. 2024. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-232365

RESUMO

La Covid-19 es una enfermedad causada por el virus SARS-Cov-2. Más allá de los síntomas respiratorios característicos de la enfermedad, se produce una afectación multisistémica, que incluye al Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC). El 15.2% de las personas infectadas experimentan la persistencia de los síntomas o el desarrollo de nuevos síntomas relacionados con la infección tras la recuperación de la fase aguda. La fatiga y el deterioro cognitivo destacan entre los síntomas principales de las personas con Long Covid/Covid Persistente, quienes refieren sobre todo dificultades atencionales, mnésicas y ejecutivas. Este conjunto de síntomas cognitivos ha recibido el término de “niebla mental”. Todo ello, junto a las alteraciones psicopatológicas - ansiedad, depresión y/o trastornos del sueño - tiene un impacto significativo en el funcionamiento diario y en la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas. El progreso en el conocimiento de los síntomas mentales de la Long Covid es imprescindible para diseñar intervenciones terapéuticas. Su reconocimiento también es importante en la valoración de la capacidad laboral. El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar de forma didáctica la información disponible sobre disfunción cognitiva y alteraciones psicopatológicas post Covid-19. (AU)


Covid-19 is a disease caused by the SARSCov-2 virus. Beyond the respiratory symp toms characteristic of the disease, there is multisystem involvement, including the Central Nervous System (CNS). 15.2% of infected people experience persistence of symptoms or development of new infection-related symptoms after recovery from the acute phase. Fatigue and cognitive impairment are among the main symptoms of people with Long Covid/Persistent Covid, who report mainly attentional, memory and executive difficulties. This set of cognitive symptoms has been given the term "brain fog". Together with psychopathological disturbances - anxiety, depression and/or sleep disorders - they have a significant impact on the daily functioning and quality of life of those affected. Progress in the knowledge of the mental symptoms of Long Covid is essential to design therapeutic interventions. Their recognition is also important in the assessment of work capacity. The aim of this review is to present in a didactic way the available information on cognitive dysfunction and psychopathological alterations post Covid-19. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Disfunção Cognitiva , Fadiga , Ansiedade , Depressão , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília
9.
Eur. j. psychiatry ; 38(1): [100228], Jan.-Mar. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-229234

RESUMO

Background and objectives The relationship between pain and psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents has been understudied. This study aimed to investigate the influence of gender on the association between pain and psychiatric diagnoses, as well as the specific relationship between pain and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in a sample of adolescents from the general population. Additionally, the study explored whether pain frequency or intensity in individuals with ADHD was influenced by coexisting psychiatric disorders and ADHD medications. Methods This cross-sectional study included 1608 conveniently sampled Swedish upper secondary school students aged 15–19 years. Data were collected at the end of 2020 using the electronic "Mental and Somatic Health without borders" survey. Results A significant positive association (p < 0.001) was observed between pain frequency, intensity, and the presence of any psychiatric diagnosis. Female adolescents reported more frequent and intensive pain in the groups with or without any psychiatric diagnosis and in those with ADHD, however the presence of a psychiatric diagnosis had a comparatively lesser impact on pain frequency in females when compared to males. In adolescents with ADHD, pain frequency, but not intensity, showed a significant further increase. Moreover, the presence of coexisting depression and/or anxiety further heightened the association between pain frequency and ADHD. Notably, common ADHD medications did not have a significant impact on pain experiences. Headache emerged as the most prevalent type of pain across all groups of adolescents. Back pain specifically appeared as the next most common type of pain among adolescents with ADHD. Conclusion The findings suggest a positive association between pain and the presence of psychiatric diagnoses, including ADHD, in adolescents. Gender modified this association. Back pain arised specifically coupled to ADHD. ... (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Dor , Psiquiatria do Adolescente , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade , Estudos de Gênero , Disfunção Cognitiva , Conduta do Tratamento Medicamentoso
10.
Neurología (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 39(2): 127-134, Mar. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-230867

RESUMO

Introducción La enfermedad de Huntington (EH) es un trastorno neurodegenerativo y hereditario. Gracias al diagnóstico predictivo se han descrito características clínicas incipientes en la fase prodrómica. Objetivo Comparar la ejecución en tareas cognitivas de portadores (PEH) del gen de la huntingtina y no portadores (NPEH) y observar la variabilidad en la ejecución, dependiendo de la carga de la enfermedad y cercanía a la etapa manifiesta (edad de inicio de los síntomas). Método Los 146 participantes de un Programa de Diagnóstico Predictivo de EH (PDP-EH) fueron divididos en PEH (41,1%) y NPEH (58,9%). Mediante fórmulas matemáticas se obtuvo la carga de enfermedad y cercanía a la etapa manifiesta en el grupo PEH y se correlacionó con la ejecución neuropsicológica. Resultados Se observaron diferencias significativas entre los grupos con las pruebas Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Stroop-B, SDMT y fluidez fonológica. En el grupo PEH se observaron correlaciones entre la carga de enfermedad con la MMSE, Stroop-B y SDMT. El grupo «Cerca» de la etapa manifiesta es el que obtuvo la puntuación más baja en las pruebas MMSE, Stroop-B, Stroop-C, SDMT y fluidez verbal semántica. De acuerdo al MANCOVA, el efecto MMSE evidencia diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre carga de la enfermedad y la cercanía de inicio de los síntomas. Conclusiones Se observa un nivel menor de desempeño en el grupo PEH con probabilidad de inicio cercano de la fase manifiesta en pruebas que evalúan la velocidad de procesamiento y atención. La disfunción cognitiva prefrontal se altera de manera precoz varios años antes del diagnóstico motor de la EH. (AU)


Introduction Huntington disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder. Thanks to predictive diagnosis, incipient clinical characteristics have been described in the prodromal phase. Objective To compare performance in cognitive tasks of carriers (HDC) and non-carriers (non-HDC) of the huntingtin gene and to analyse the variability in performance as a function of disease burden and proximity to the manifest stage (age of symptom onset). Method A sample of 146 participants in a predictive diagnosis of HD programme were divided into the HDC (41.1%) and non-HDC groups (58.9%). Mathematical formulae were used to calculate disease burden and proximity to the manifest stage in the HDC group; these parameters were correlated with neuropsychological performance. Results Significant differences were observed between groups in performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Stroop-B, Symbol-Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), and phonological fluency. In the HDC group, correlations were observed between disease burden and performance on the MMSE, Stroop-B, and SDMT. The group of patients close to the manifest stage scored lowest on the MMSE, Stroop-B, Stroop-C, SDMT, and semantic verbal fluency. According to the multivariate analysis of covariance, the MMSE effect shows statistically significant differences in disease burden and proximity to onset of symptoms. Conclusions Members of the HDC group close to the manifest phase performed more poorly on tests assessing information processing speed and attention. Prefrontal cognitive dysfunction appears early, several years before the motor diagnosis of HD. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Doença de Huntington , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Neuropsicologia , Disfunção Cognitiva
11.
Nefrología (Madrid) ; 44(1): 40-49, ene.- feb. 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229420

RESUMO

Background/Aim The prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) is high in hemodialysis patients. In this study, the relationship between CI and serum carnitine, plasma omega-3, omega-6 and omega-3/omega-6 fatty acid ratio was evaluated in hemodialysis patients. Materials and methods Sixty two patients [male: 40 (64.5%), mean age 51±13 years] were included in this cross-sectional study. Serum total and free-carnitine levels were determined by ELISA. Plasma omega-3 [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] and omega-6 [arachidonic acid (AA), dihomo gamma linoleic acid (DGLA)] levels were measured using LC-ESI-MS/MS. According to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, ≤24 points were considered as CI. MoCA score ≤24 and >24 were determined as Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. Results Group 1 had significantly higher AA+DGLA/EPA+DHA ratios and lower free-carnitine, DHA and EPA+DHA levels compared to Group 2 (P=0.008, P=0.040, P=0.032, P=0.032, respectively). Group 1 had a statistically lower education level (P<0.05). Negative correlation was found between MoCA scores and AA+DGLA/EPA+DHA ratios (rs=−0.284, P=0.026). Free-carnitine levels were positively correlated with EPA and EPA+DHA levels (rs=0.278, P=0.030 and rs=0.271, P=0.034, respectively), and negative correlated with AA+DGLA/EPA+DHA ratios (rs=−0.414, P=0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, MoCA scores was associated with AA+DGLA/EPA+DHA ratio (P=0.009) and education level (P<0.001). Conclusion It was determined that high AA+DGLA/EPA+DHA ratio and low education level could be independent risk factors of the CI (AU)


Contexto/objetivo La prevalencia de deterioro cognitivo (CI) es alta en pacientes en hemodiálisis. En este estudio se evaluó la relación entre el CI y las proporciones de carnitina sérica, ácidos grasos omega-3, omega-6 y omega-3/omega-6 en plasma en pacientes en hemodiálisis. Materiales y métodos En este estudio transversal se incluyeron 62 pacientes (hombres: 40 [64,5%], edad media 51±13años). Los niveles séricos de carnitina total y libre se determinaron mediante ELISA. Los niveles plasmáticos de omega-3 (ácido eicosapentaenoico [EPA], ácido docosahexaenoico [DHA]) y omega-6 (ácido araquidónico [AA], ácido dihomo gamma linoleico [DGLA]) se midieron utilizando LC-ESI-MS/MS. Según las puntuaciones de la Evaluación Cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA), ≤24 indican CI. Las puntuaciones MoCA ≤24 y >24 se determinaron como grupo 1 y grupo 2, respectivamente. Resultados El grupo 1 tenía proporciones de AA + DGLA/EPA + DHA significativamente más altas y niveles más bajos de carnitina libre, DHA y EPA +DHA en comparación con el grupo2 (p=0,008, p=0,040, p=0,032 y p=0,032, respectivamente). El grupo1 tenía un nivel educativo estadísticamente más bajo (p<0,05). Se descubrió una correlación negativa entre las puntuaciones de MoCA y las proporciones AA + DGLA/EPA + DHA (rs=−0,284, p=0,026). Los niveles de carnitina libre se correlacionaron positivamente con los niveles de EPA y EPA + DHA (rs=0,278, p=0,030, y rs=0,271, p=0,034, respectivamente), y negativamente con las proporciones AA +DGLA/EPA +DHA (rs=−0,414, p=0,001). En el análisis de regresión logística multivariante las puntuaciones de MoCA se asociaron con las proporciones AA +DGLA/EPA + DHA (p=0,009) y con el nivel educativo (p<0,001). Conclusión Se determinó que una alta relación AA +DGLA/EPA +DHA y un bajo nivel educativo podrían ser factores de riesgo independientes del CI (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Disfunção Cognitiva/etiologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Carnitina/metabolismo , Diálise Renal , Estudos Transversais , Escolaridade , Fatores de Risco
12.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 34(1): 56-60, Ene-Feb, 2024. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229657

RESUMO

Objetivo: Muchos adultos mayores en Indonesia deciden vivir en residencias de ancianos. Vivir en un hogar de ancianos ha sido asociado al deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores, afectando a la capacidad para llevar a cabo actividades de la vida diaria. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la asociación entre características demográficas y clínicas y la función cognitiva en adultos mayores que viven una residencia de ancianos en Indonesia. Método: Este estudio utilizó un diseño transversal, participando 60 adultos mayores de una residencia de ancianos. La función cognitiva se evaluó utilizando el instrumento Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Se evaluaron características demográficas y clínicas como edad, nivel educativo, tiempo de permanencia en la residencia, así como niveles séricos de factor neurotrófico derivado del cerebro y dopamina. Se utilizó la prueba de Spearman-rank para el análisis de datos. Resultados: La función cognitiva de atención se correlacionó positivamente con la edad (r=0,314, p=0,015) y el tiempo de permanencia en la residencia (r=0,268, p=0,038), y negativamente con los niveles séricos de dopamina (r=–0,425, p=0,001). La función cognitiva de denominación se relacionó positivamente con la edad (r=0,263, p=0,042). Conclusiones: Edad, tiempo de internado y niveles de dopamina se asociaron a la función cognitiva en adultos mayores que viven en una residencia de ancianos. El adulto mayor debe ser evaluado en cuanto a factores asociados a la función cognitiva, para realizar los programas de mejora cognitiva en residencias de ancianos.(UA)


Objective: Many older adults in Indonesia decide to live in nursing homes. Living in a nursing home has been associated with the incidence of cognitive decline in older adult that leads to decreasing ability to perform daily activity. This study aimed to determine the association between demographic and clinical characteristics with cognitive functions in older adults living in nursing homes in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design and involved 60 older adults in a nursing home. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment instrument. Demographic and clinical characteristics such as age, education level, length of stay in the nursing home, as well as serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and dopamine were studied. Spearman-Rank test was used for data analysis. Results: Cognitive function of attention had a positive correlation with age (r=0.314, p=0.015), length of stay in the nursing home (r=0.268, p=0.038), and negative correlation with dopamine serum levels (r=-0.425, p=0.001). The cognitive function of naming has a positive correlation with age (r=0.263, p=0.042). Conclusions: Age, length of stay, and dopamine levels associated with cognitive function in older adult living in nursing homes. The older adult should be assessed in term of factors associated with cognitive function to make the cognitive improvement programs in nursing homes.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos , Cognição , Disfunção Cognitiva , Saúde do Idoso , Dopamina , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo , Saúde do Idoso Institucionalizado , Saúde Mental , Indonésia , Estudos Transversais
13.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 100(2): 87-89, Feb. 2024. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-230282

RESUMO

Introducción: El objetivo del presente estudio es describir el perfil neuropsicológico de los pacientes con trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) y su impacto en las funciones ejecutivas y académicas. Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico, observacional y retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 24 sujetos con diagnóstico de TDAH (6-15 años) sin tratamiento farmacológico y 24 controles (7-15 años) sin TDAH. Se realizó una evaluación neuropsicológica completa que abarcase los principales dominios cognitivos, así como la evaluación mediante cuestionarios a padres y profesores del funcionamiento ejecutivo y sintomatología psicopatológica. Resultados: El perfil cognitivo del grupo con TDAH se caracteriza por presentar puntuaciones globales (incluidas funciones ejecutivas y habilidades académicas) dentro del rango de la normalidad (puntuaciones z entre −1 y 1), aunque significativamente menores que las del grupo. Más de la mitad de los sujetos (58%) con TDAH presentan trastornos específicos de aprendizaje de manera comórbida. Por otro lado, los profesores tienden a informar de más dificultades de tipo ejecutivo cuando los sujetos son varones. Conclusiones: En nuestro grupo de estudio los pacientes diagnosticados con TDAH se caracterizan por presentar un rendimiento cognitivo dentro de la normalidad, aunque con menores puntuaciones que los controles. Los cuestionarios de conducta proporcionan información muy valiosa sobre el funcionamiento en entornos fuera de la consulta, pero pueden presentar sesgos al predominar los síntomas externalizantes. La evaluación neuropsicológica es una herramienta útil que puede facilitar el diagnóstico del TDAH y dar una respuesta eficaz a las características y a las necesidades de los pacientes y sus familias.(AU)


Introduction: The aim of the study was to describe the neuropsychological profile of patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the impact of the disorder on executive functioning and academic performance. Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective observational and analytical study. The sample consisted of 24 children with a diagnosis of ADHD (aged 6-15 years) without pharmacological treatment and 24 controls without ADHD (aged 7-15 years). A comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation was carried out, encompassing major cognitive domains, in addition to assessment of executive functioning and psychopathological symptoms through the administration of questionnaires to parents and teachers. Results: The cognitive profile of the ADHD group was characterized by overall scores (including executive functions and academic abilities) in the normal range (z scores between −1 and 1), although significantly lower compared to the control group. Over half of the patients with ADHD (58%) had associated specific learning disorders. Furthermore, teachers tended to report executive function difficulties more frequently in male students. Conclusions: In the study sample, the group of patients with ADHD exhibited cognitive performance within the normal range, although with lower scores compared to controls. Behavioural rating scales provide valuable information about functioning outside the clinic, but may yield biased results on account of the focus on externalising symptoms. The neuropsychological evaluation is a useful tool that can facilitate the diagnosis of ADHD and an effective response to the needs and characteristics of patients and families.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade , Desempenho Acadêmico , Função Executiva , Transtornos do Neurodesenvolvimento , Disfunção Cognitiva , Pediatria , Psiquiatria , Psicologia da Criança , Estudos de Casos e Controles
14.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 162(4): 147-156, Feb. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-230570

RESUMO

Objetivo: Los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en hemodiálisis (HD) suelen presentar déficits cognitivos. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que hayan examinado el funcionamiento neuropsicológico de aquellos que reciben diálisis peritoneal (DP). Método: Se evaluaron las funciones ejecutivas, la velocidad de procesamiento y la memoria verbal en 27 pacientes en DP, 42 en HD y 42 participantes sanos (PS). La presión sanguínea sistólica y el tiempo total en terapia renal sustitutiva (TRS) se controlaron estadísticamente. Las asociaciones entre el rendimiento y los factores clínicos se analizaron mediante correlaciones y regresión múltiple. Resultados: El grupo DP presentó mejor ejecución respecto al HD en fluidez verbal, memoria de trabajo, flexibilidad cognitiva, planificación y toma de decisiones. El grupo DP mostró peor ejecución que el grupo PS en inhibición y memoria verbal. Las puntuaciones en las funciones ejecutivas se asociaron positivamente con los meses totales en DP, en TRS, en HD, la albúmina, el colesterol total y el fósforo, y de forma negativa con la ferritina. Conclusión: El funcionamiento ejecutivo global fue mejor en los pacientes en DP que en aquellos en HD. Los resultados muestran el efecto positivo de la DP sobre las funciones ejecutivas, lo que debe tenerse en cuenta a la hora de la elección de la TRS. Las asociaciones observadas entre los factores bioquímicos y el rendimiento muestran la importancia de mantener un adecuado estado nutricional en estos pacientes.(AU)


Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis (HD) often have cognitive deficits. However, there are few studies that have examined the neuropsychological impairments of patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods: Executive functions, processing speed and verbal memory were assessed in 27 PD patients, 42 HD patients, and 42 healthy participants (HP). Systolic blood pressure and total time on renal replacement therapy (RRT) were controlled statistically. Associations between performance and clinical factors were analyzed using correlations and multiple regression. Results: The DP group showed better performance compared to the HD group in verbal fluency, working memory, cognitive flexibility, planning and decision making. The DP group showed worse execution than the HP group in verbal inhibition and memory. Executive function scores were positively associated with total months on PD, total months on RRT, total months on HD, albumin, total cholesterol, and phosphorus, and negatively with ferritin. Conclusion: Global executive functioning was more optimal in PD patients than in HD patients. The results show the positive effect of PD on executive functions, which must be taken into account when choosing the TRS. The associations observed between biochemical factors and performance show the importance of maintaining an adequate nutritional status in these patients.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Diálise Peritoneal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações , Função Executiva , Diálise Renal , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Disfunção Cognitiva , Medicina Clínica , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Neuropsicologia , Memória
15.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 78(2)16 - 31 de Enero 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229261

RESUMO

Introducción La miastenia gravis (MG) y la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) son dos de las enfermedades neurológicas en cuya fisiopatología interviene la acetilcolina en distintos niveles. En la primera, la alteración de este neurotransmisor se produce en la unión neuromuscular, y en la segunda, en el sistema nervioso central. Objetivo Analizar la posible relación entre dichas patologías estudiando la prevalencia y la odds ratio de la EA dentro de los pacientes diagnosticados de MG con respecto a la prevalencia de EA en la población general. Pacientes y métodos Se han examinado datos de las historias clínicas electrónicas del sistema de salud de Castilla-La Mancha utilizando el procesamiento de lenguaje natural a través de la plataforma clínica de inteligencia artificial Savana Manager?. Resultados Se ha identificado a 970.503 pacientes mayores de 60 años, de los que 1.028 tenían diagnóstico de MG. La proporción de pacientes con diagnóstico de EA dentro de este grupo (4,28%) es mayor que en el resto de la población (2,82%; p = 0,0047), con una odds ratio de 1,54 (intervalo de confianza al 95%: 1,13-2,08; p = 0,0051), sin que se encuentren diferencias significativas en el análisis bivariante del resto de los factores de riesgo para EA más importantes conocidos hasta ahora. Conclusiones Nuestros resultados sugieren que podría existir un aumento de la prevalencia de EA en pacientes con MG. (AU)


INTRODUCTION Myasthenia gravis (MG) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are two of the most important diseases where the dysregulation of acetylcholine activity plays a crucial role. In the first, this dysregulation happens at the level of the neu­romuscular junction and in the second, in the central nervous system (CNS). AIM To analyze the possible relationship between these two pathologies, analyzing the prevalence and the odds ratio of AD within patients previously diagnosed with MG. We will compare these data with respect to the prevalence of AD in the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined the data obtained by the electronic medical records of patients in the health care system of Castilla La Mancha using the Natural Language Process provided by a clinical platform of artificial intelligence known as the Savana Manager?. RESULTS We identified 970,503 patients over the age of 60 years, of which 1,028 were diagnosed with MG. The proportion of the patients diagnosed with AD within this group (4.28%) was greater than the rest of the population (2.82%) (p = 0,0047) with an odds ratio of 1.54 (confidence interval at 95% 1.13-2.08; p = 0.0051) without finding significant differences in the bivariate analysis for the rest of the most important actual known risk factors for AD. CONCLUSION. Our results suggest that there might be an increase in the prevalence of AD in patients previously diagnosed with MG. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Miastenia Gravis , Doença de Alzheimer , Acetilcolina , Memória , Disfunção Cognitiva , Registros Médicos , Inteligência Artificial , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto
16.
Actas esp. psiquiatr ; 52(1): 37-44, Feb. 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-231255

RESUMO

Background: There is a pressing need to identify pharmaceuticals that are both safe and efficacious, with lower toxicity, for the treatment of stable angina pectoris in individuals suffering from coronary heart disease. The aim of this paper is to explore the therapeutic value of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills in patients with stable angina pectoris of coronary heart disease complicated with cognitive impairment. Methods: 200 patients with stable angina pectoris combined with cognitive dysfunction and coronary heart disease admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to June 2023 were retrospectively selected as the study objects. According to the treatment method, the subjects were divided into a control group and a study group, with 100 cases in each group. The control group received conventional oral Western medicine, and the study group underwent treatment with Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pills in addition to traditional Western medicine. The course of treatment was eight weeks. The enhancement in angina pectoris, cognitive function level, self-care ability, and clinical efficacy of both groups were assessed by comparing the conditions before and after the treatment. Results: After treatment, the frequency and duration of angina pectoris attacks in both groups were significantly lower than before, and the study group was lower than the control group (p < 0.05). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score of both groups was higher than before, and the score of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scores in both groups were significantly lower than before, and the scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scores in both groups were significantly lower than before, and the scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.05). ... (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Angina Microvascular/tratamento farmacológico , Angina Microvascular/terapia , Disfunção Cognitiva/tratamento farmacológico , Resultado do Tratamento , China , Transtornos Mentais
17.
Actas esp. psiquiatr ; 52(1): 45-56, Feb. 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-231256

RESUMO

This is a narrative review of sleep disorders, especially chronic insomnia, as a primary diagnosis or as a comorbid diagnosis associated with different psychiatric and organic diseases. The epidemiological evidence is reviewed, the diagnostic criteria most frequently used in clinical practice are examined, and a series of therapeutic recommendations for the correct treatment of this pathology is presented. Sleep disorders are very prevalent in the general population (one-third experiences difficulty with sleep initiation/maintenance at least once a week, and about 6–15% meet the criteria for insomnia disorders), but remain relatively poorly understood and frequently overlooked by healthcare professionals. Prevalence estimates of insomnia disorder vary between 5% and 20%. Sleep disorders co-exist with psychiatric and medical conditions with an interactive and bidirectional relationship. About 70–80% of psychiatric patients show some sleep disturbance and there is a correlation between the severity of the sleep disturbance and the severity of the psychopathology. Untreated sleep disorders increase the risk of cardiovascular events, cognitive impairment, motor vehicle accidents, obesity, diabetes, and efficiency and safety at work, leading to increased all-cause healthcare utilization and being a strong predictor of sick leave or disability pension and poor quality of life. Sleep disorders can cause drowsiness or excessive daytime sleepiness, which can lead to functional impairment in 15% of the general adult population. Sleep quality should be a routine target in the evaluation of patients with psychiatric and non-psychiatric diseases to ensure sleep health based on early diagnosis and adequate therapeutic approaches. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtorno do Comportamento do Sono REM/epidemiologia , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/epidemiologia , Distúrbios do Sono por Sonolência Excessiva , Disfunção Cognitiva , Transtornos Mentais , Sono , Privação do Sono , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília , Medicina do Sono , Qualidade de Vida
18.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 35(1): 2-7, 2024. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231500

RESUMO

Objetivos: Analizar el perfil del paciente geriátrico hospitalizado en una unidad de geriatría de agudos que requiere contención mecánica, así como medir la prevalencia del uso de la contención mecánica y determinar si el aumento de la comorbilidad, la fragilidad y el acompañamiento están relacionados con el uso de la contención mecánica. Asimismo, evaluar si presentar antecedentes de delirium, demencia o deterioro cognitivo se asocia a mayor uso de contención mecánica en este perfil de pacientes. Metodología: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, descriptivo y analítico, realizado en un hospital de segundo nivel durante diciembre de 2022 y enero de 2023. Se analizaron las características demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes geriátricos. Se obtuvo el dictamen favorable del comité ético de referencia y se realizó el análisis estadístico mediante RStudio. Resultados: Se incluyó una muestra de 107 pacientes de la unidad de geriatría de agudos, de los cuales el 10,28% fueron sometidos a contención mecánica, siendo los hombres el grupo más afectado (72,72%), y la contención abdominal la más usada (72,73%). No se encontró una asociación significativa entre el uso de contención mecánica y la comorbilidad, fragilidad, antecedentes neurológicos, delirium o deterioro cognitivo. Se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la contención mecánica y el tiempo que el paciente estuvo acompañado (p = 0,019). Conclusiones: se destaca la importancia de una atención personalizada para reducir la necesidad de contención mecánica y mejorar la calidad asistencial.(AU)


Objectives: To analyze the profile of hospitalized geriatric patients in an acute geriatric unit requiring mechanical restraint, measure the prevalence of mechanical restraint use, and determine if increased comorbidity, frailty, and patient accompaniment are associated with mechanical restraint use. Additionally, to evaluate if a history of delirium, dementia, or cognitive impairment is associated with increased use of mechanical restraint in this patient profile. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, prospective, descriptive, and analytical study was conducted in a secondary-level hospital during December 2022 and January 2023. Demographic and clinical characteristics of geriatric patients were analyzed. Ethical approval was obtained, and statistical analysis was performed using RStudio. Results: A sample of 107 patients from the acute geriatric unit was included, with 10.28% undergoing mechanical restraint. Men were the most affected group (72.72%), and abdominal restraint was the most used commonly (72.73%). No significant association was found between mechanical restraint use and comorbidity, frailty, neurological history, delirium, or cognitive impairment. A statistically significant association was observed between mechanical restraint use and patient accompaniment time (p = 0.019). Conclusions: The importance of personalized care is emphasized to reduce the need for mechanical restraint and improve the quality of healthcare provided.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Envelhecimento , Demência , Saúde do Idoso , Disfunção Cognitiva , Imobilização , Hospitalização , Estudos Prospectivos , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Geriatria
19.
Actas esp. psiquiatr ; 52(2): 99-106, 2024. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-232342

RESUMO

Objective: This study aims to explore the correlation and clinical significance of homocysteine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels with cognitive function in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Methods: Patients with BD admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were chosen retrospectively. BPD patients were categorized into comorbidity groups, while those without BPD were assigned to non-comorbidity groups, each consisting of 60 cases. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized to assess serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in both patient groups. Clinical symptoms were evaluated by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). Cognitive function was evaluated and compared using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the correlation between patients' serum Hcy and hs-CRP levels and HAMD, YMRS, and RBANS scores. Results: In the comorbidity group, patients exhibited significantly elevated serum Hcy and hs-CRP levels compared to the non-comorbidity group (p < 0.05). Patients in the comorbidity group displayed higher HAMD and YMRS scores than those in the non-comorbidity group (p < 0.05). Additionally, attention, speech, visual span, immediate memory, and delayed memory in the comorbidity group were notably lower than in the non-comorbidity group (p < 0.05). The speech, visual span, and immediate memory of RBANS in bipolar depressive patients with comorbid BPD were lower than those in bipolar depressive patients without comorbid BPD (p < 0.05), the speech of RBANS in bipolar manic patients with comorbid BPD was lower than those in bipolar manic patients without comorbid BPD (p < 0.05). ... (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Transtorno Bipolar/fisiopatologia , Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline/fisiopatologia , Homocisteína/fisiologia , Proteína C-Reativa , Correlação de Dados , Disfunção Cognitiva
20.
Psicothema (Oviedo) ; 36(1): 15-25, 2024. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-229718

RESUMO

Background: Cognitive disinhibition underpins alcohol and drug use problems. Although higher-risk substance use is consistently associated with poorer disinhibition, current findings may be limited by narrow recruitment methods, which over-represent individuals engaged in traditional treatment services with more severe presentations. We embedded a novel gamified disinhibition task (the Cognitive Impulsivity Suite; CIS) in a national online addiction support service (https://www.counsellingonline.org.au). Method: Participants aged 18 to 64 (N = 137; 109 women) completed the Alcohol-Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) along with the CIS, which measures three aspects of disinhibition (Attentional Control, Information-Sampling, and Feedback Monitoring/Shifting). The majority of the sample comprised people with alcohol use, and AUDIT scores were differentiated into ‘higher-risk’ or ‘lower-risk’ groups using latent-class analysis. These classes were then regressed against CIS performance measures. Results: Compared to lower-risk, higher-risk alcohol use was associated with poorer attentional control and feedback monitoring/shifting. While higher-risk alcohol use was associated with slower information accumulation, this was only observed for older adults, who appeared to compensate with a more conservative response criterion. Conclusions: Our results reveal novel relationships between higher-risk alcohol use and specific aspects of disinhibition in participants who sought online addiction help services.(AU)


Antecedentes: El uso de alcohol se asocia a mayor desinhibición, pero estos hallazgos podrían no ser representativos de toda la población ya que predominan estudios en contextos especializados y casos severos. Aquí, incorporamos una nueva batería de evaluación de la desinhibición (Cognitive Impulsivity Suite o CIS) en una web de tratamiento online con acceso a una población más amplia (https://www.counsellingonline.org.au). Método: Participantes de 18 a 64 años (N = 137; 109 mujeres) completaron vía web el “Alcohol-Use Disorders Identification Test” y la CIS, que evalúa tres componentes de la desinhibición (Control Atencional, Acumulación de Información y Monitorización / Cambio). Clasificamos en grupos de alto-riesgo versus bajo-riesgo aplicando un análisis de clases latentes sobre las puntuaciones del AUDIT. Usamos análisis de regresión para asociar las dos clases resultantes con las medidas de la CIS. Resultados: Alto-riesgo en el consumo de alcohol se asoció con peor rendimiento en Control Atencional y Monitorización / Cambio. La pertenencia al grupo de alto-riesgo se asoció con menor eficiencia en la acumulación de información en participantes de mayor edad. Conclusiones: Revelamos nuevas asociaciones entre el consumo de alcohol de riesgo y el rendimiento cognitivo en distintos componentes de la desinhibición en participantes que buscaban asistencia en una web de tratamiento online.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psicologia , Comportamento Impulsivo , Cognição , Disfunção Cognitiva , Crowdsourcing , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias
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