Does dexamethasone act in neuropeptides SP and CGRP in neurogenic inflammation of the skin? An experimental study

To investigate the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) after subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone prior to skin incision in rats. Twenty seven Wistar-EPM-1 rats were randomly divided into three groups. The sham group (SG) of rats was injected with 0.9 % saline. The second group (Dexa) was injected with 1.0 mg/kg dexamethasone, and the third group (Dexa+) was injected with 10.0 mg/kg dexamethasone. In all groups, the three subcutaneous injections were performed 30 minutes prior to the surgical skin incision and tissue collection. SP and CGRP (15 kDa pro-CGRP and 5 kDa CGRP) were quantified by Western Blotting. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found in pro-CGRP, CGRP and SP values in all three groups. The anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone did not occur when the substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide levels were altered during the neurogenic inflammation process of skin wound healing in rats.(AU)

Correlations between endogen amylin hormone and some hormonal, biochemical and bone parameters in pullets

The objective of this study was to assess the correlations of amylin (a pancreatic polypeptide hormone) with some hormonal, biochemical and bone parameters in pullets. Forty 18-week-old pullets were used. Plasma amylin, CT (calcitonin), 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D (1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol ), serum osteocalcin, glucose, ALP (alkaline phosphatase), cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as weight, length and total volume of tibiotarsi were measured. Plasma amylin concentration was negatively correlated with serum cholesterol (p 0.05) and triglycerides (p 0.05) concentrations. Plasma amylin concentration was significantly and positively correlated with plasma calcitonin concentrations (p 0.001). Serum ALP and plasma amylin concentrations were positively correlated (p 0.01). There were no correlations between amylin hormone and other parameters. Based on these results, it is possible to conclude that endogen amylin may effect cholesterol, triglycerides, calcitonin, and ALP levels in pullets without changing some other hormonal, biochemical and bone parameters related to calcium and lipid metabolism.

Correlations between endogen amylin hormone and some hormonal, biochemical and bone parameters in pullets

The objective of this study was to assess the correlations of amylin (a pancreatic polypeptide hormone) with some hormonal, biochemical and bone parameters in pullets. Forty 18-week-old pullets were used. Plasma amylin, CT (calcitonin), 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D (1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol ), serum osteocalcin, glucose, ALP (alkaline phosphatase), cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as weight, length and total volume of tibiotarsi were measured. Plasma amylin concentration was negatively correlated with serum cholesterol (p 0.05) and triglycerides (p 0.05) concentrations. Plasma amylin concentration was significantly and positively correlated with plasma calcitonin concentrations (p 0.001). Serum ALP and plasma amylin concentrations were positively correlated (p 0.01). There were no correlations between amylin hormone and other parameters. Based on these results, it is possible to conclude that endogen amylin may effect cholesterol, triglycerides, calcitonin, and ALP levels in pullets without changing some other hormonal, biochemical and bone parameters related to calcium and lipid metabolism.(AU)

Correlations between endogen amylin hormone and some hormonal, biochemical and bone parameters in pullets

The objective of this study was to assess the correlations of amylin (a pancreatic polypeptide hormone) with some hormonal, biochemical and bone parameters in pullets. Forty 18-week-old pullets were used. Plasma amylin, CT (calcitonin), 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D (1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol ), serum osteocalcin, glucose, ALP (alkaline phosphatase), cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as weight, length and total volume of tibiotarsi were measured. Plasma amylin concentration was negatively correlated with serum cholesterol (p 0.05) and triglycerides (p 0.05) concentrations. Plasma amylin concentration was significantly and positively correlated with plasma calcitonin concentrations (p 0.001). Serum ALP and plasma amylin concentrations were positively correlated (p 0.01). There were no correlations between amylin hormone and other parameters. Based on these results, it is possible to conclude that endogen amylin may effect cholesterol, triglycerides, calcitonin, and ALP levels in pullets without changing some other hormonal, biochemical and bone parameters related to calcium and lipid metabolism.

Effects of subcutaneous carbon dioxide on calcitonin gene related peptide and substance P secretion in rat skin

To investigate the subcutaneous injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) on neuropeptides Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) and Substance P (SP) secretion in rat skin. Fifty-six Wistar-EPM rats were distributed in two groups: one for CGRP analysis, the other for SP analysis. Each group was subdivided into four subgroups: control (Cont), control with needle (ContNd), CO2 injection (CO2Inj) and atmospheric air injection (AirInj) - with seven animals each. Sample analyses of partial skin were conducted by Western Blotting (WB). RESULTS: In SP group, there was a decrease in the amount of neuropeptides in subgroups CO2Inj and AirInj. Similarly, in CGRP group, there was a decrease in the amount of pro-CGRP neuropeptides (15 kDa) in subgroups CO2Inj and AirInj; Nevertheless, there was no decrease in the amount of CGRP (5 kDa) in any subgroups. Subcutaneous injection of CO2 and atmospheric air decreased the amount of Substance P and pro-Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (15 kDa) neuropeptides in rat skin.(AU)

Ultimobranchial gland of freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, in response to calcitonin administration

The absence o!!f a hypocalcemic effect of calcitonin (CT) in fishes has been suggested due to exceedingly high plasma levels of CT; the fish may be saturated with respect of circulating CT and therefore unable to respond to exogenously administered CT. Earlier it has been suggested that a hypocalcemic action of injected CT may be obscured by changes in the release of endogenous CT and other calcium regulating hormones. In this study we have used artificial freshwater, calcium-deficient freshwater and calcium-rich freshwater and injected the fish with CT. The aim behind selecting these media were (i) in calcium-deficient medium there would be reduced circulating levels of CT, (ii) in calcium-rich medium there would be diminished secretion of prolactin (this hormone is hypercalcemic in fish), and (iii) by keeping the fish in calcium-rich medium we can test the antihypercalcemic action of CT. Moreover, the present study would reveal the changes in the ultimobranchial gland (UBG) after keeping the fish in all the above three media and/or injecting the fish with CT. Freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, were administered intraperitoneally daily with vehicle or 0.5 U/100g body wt of salmon calcitonin (CT) and kept in artificial freshwater, calcium-rich freshwater and calcium-deficient freshwater for 10 days. Blood samples were collected on 1, 3, 5, and 10 days following the treatment and analyzed for serum calcium levels. The ultimobranchial gland (UBG) was also fixed for histological studies on these intervals. In artificial freshwater there was no change in the serum calcium levels of calcitonin-injected fish. The ultimobranchial gland of calcitonin-injected fish exhibited a progressive decrease in the nuclear volume from day 5 onwards. On day 10 vacuolization in the gland was also noticed. In vehicle-injected fish (control) kept in calcium-rich freshwater hypercalcemia has been noticed which persists till the end of the experiment. ...(AU)

Bone repair in rats treated with sodic diclofenac and calcitonin / Reparo ósseo em ratos tratados com diclofenaco sódico e calcitonina

PURPOSE: To investigate clinical and histologically the bone repair in treated animals with calcitonin and sodic diclofenac. METHODS: Ninety-six femoral defects were created in forty-eight animals distributed in four groups (n=24): either left untreated, treated with the sodic diclofenac or calcitonin or both. Follow-up was 7, 14 and 21 days. Histological sections stained by haematoxylin-eosin was observed under light microscopy (100X) and quantitatively scored for their trabecular formation. The groups and subgroups were compared being used the Kruskall-Wallis test. RESULTS: Smaller trabecular formation was observed in the animals of the group II and larger trabecular formation in the animals of the group III. Was found significant differences in the comparison between all the groups (Kruskall-Wallis, p <0.05). CONCLUSION: The obtained data suggest that the bone repair is a time-dependent process, which can be delayed by the sodic diclofenac and accelerated by the calcitonina, when used separately. The associated use of calcitonina and sodic diclofenac didn't show to be the best therapeutic option in the treatment of bone defects surgically created.(AU)

OBJETIVO: Investigar clínica e histologicamente o reparo ósseo em animais tratados com calcitonina e diclofenaco sódico. MÉTODOS: Foram criados 96 defeitos femorais, em 48 animais distribuídos em quatro grupos (n = 24): não tratados, tratados com diclofenaco sódico ou calcitonina ou ambos. O período de seguimento foi 7, 14 e 21 dias. As secções coradas por hematoxilina e eosina foram observadas sob microscopia óptica (100x) e analisadas quantitativamente em relação à neoformação trabecular. Os grupos e subgrupos foram comparados utilizando-se o teste de Kruskall-Wallis. RESULTADOS: Foi observada menor formação de trabéculas ósseas nos animais do grupo II e maior formação de trabéculas ósseo nos animais do grupo III. Foram encontradas diferenças significantes na comparação entre todos os grupos (Kruskall-Wallis, p <0.05). CONCLUSÃO: Os dados obtidos sugerem que o reparo ósseo é um processo tempo-dependente, que pode ser retardado pelo diclofenaco e acelerado pela calcitonina, quando utilizados isoladamente. O uso associado de calcitonina e diclofenaco sódico não mostrou ser a melhor opção terapêutica no tratamento de defeitos ósseos criados operatoriamente.(AU)

Estudo do reparo ósseo com matriz óssea bovina desvitalizada e calcitonina em ratos

PURPOSE: To study the effect of the calcitonina in the repair of femoral defect fulfilled with bovine bone devitalized matrix and calcitonin in rats. METHODS: Forty eight adult male Wistar rats were distributed into two group with 24 animals. Bilateral femoral defects with 2mm of diameter were produced in the femoral shaft and fulfilled with bovine bone devitalized matrix. The experimental group received calcitonin 0,05mL intramuscular, in the immediate postoperative period; the control group received 0,05mL of saline solution. The animals were sacrificed with 7, 14 and 21 days and the femurs were submitted the clinical, microscopic and histometric evaluation. The data was submitted a statistical evaluation with Student "t", Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney. RESULTS: The clinical results didn't show difference between the control and experimental groups. In the optical microscopy the defects showed inflammatory reaction and active bony formation in the proximities of the bovine bony fragments. The quantitative analysis showed larger bony formation in the initial phases of the reparative osteogenesis in the experimental group (Z=4,82 and Z=4,43), without differences in relation to the inflammatory reaction in both groups. CONCLUSION: The calcitonina and the fulfillment of defect with bovine bone devitalized matrix enhance bone formation and no decrease inflammatory reaction in the 7 and 14 postoperative period.

OBJETIVO: Estudar o efeito da calcitonina no reparo de defeito femoral preenchido com matriz óssea bovina desvitalizada. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e oito ratos Wistar, machos e adultos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupo com 24 animais. Defeitos femorais bilaterais, com 2mm de diâmetro, foram produzidos na diáfise femoral e preenchidos com matriz óssea bovina desvitalizada. O grupo experimento recebeu 0,05mL de calcitonina, intramuscular, no pós-operatório imediato; o grupo controle recebeu 0,05mL de cloreto de sódio 0,9%. Os animais foram sacrificados com 7, 14 e 21 dias e os fêmures submetidos a avaliação clínica, microscópica e histométrica. Foram utilizados os testes "t" de Student, Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney para a análise estatística dos resultados. RESULTADOS: Os resultados clínicos não mostraram diferença entre os grupos controle e experimento. Microscopicamente, os defeitos mostraram reação inflamatória e formação óssea ativa nas proximidades da matriz óssea bovina. A análise quantitativa mostrou maior formação óssea nas fases iniciais da osteogênese reparadora no grupo experimento (Z=4,82 e Z=4,43), sem diferenças em relação à reação inflamatória em ambos grupos. CONCLUSÃO: O uso de calcitonina em defeitos preenchidos com matriz óssea bovina desvitalizada estimula a neoformação óssea com 7 e 14 dias de pós-operatório, mas não diminui a reação inflamatória.

Peptídeo relacionado ao gene da calcitonina por iontoforese na viabilidade de retalho cutâneo randômico em ratos

Purpose: Assess the effect of the local administration of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) by iontophoresis on the viability of random skin flap in rats. Methods: Sixty Wistar-EPM 1 rats were submitted to dorsal skin flap of cranial base 10 x 4 cm with interposition of a plastic barrier between the skin flap and the donnor site. The animals were randomly distributed in four groups (n = 15 in each group) and were treated as follows: in group 1 (control), animals were submitted to a simulation of electrical current for 20 minutes; group 2, (iontophoresis placebo) animals were submitted to direct current of 4mA amplitude for 20 minutes; group 3 (absorption control) receive simulation of electrical current for 20 minutes with CGRP on one of the electrodes; group 4 (iontophoretically treated) treated by iontophoresis with CGRP. In all groups the procedures were performed immediately after the surgery and the two subsequent days. Results: The percentage of the necrosis area was calculated in all groups on the seventh postoperative day and results were as follows: group 1- 48%; group 2 - 51%; group 3 - 46% and group 4 - 28%. The statistical analysis presented significant difference when the comparison of group 4 to the other groups. Conclusion: The topical administration of the CGRP by iontophoresis is efficient to increase the viability of the random skin flap random in rats.

Objetivo: Investigar o efeito da administração tópica do peptídeo relacionado ao gene da calcitonina (CGRP) por iontoforese na viabilidade de retalho cutâneo randômico em ratos. Métodos: Sessenta ratos Wistar EPM-1, adultos e machos foram submetidos a retalho cutâneo randômico. Os animais foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos. Nos animais do grupo 1 (controle, n=15) realizou-se simulação de estímulo elétrico, no grupo 2 (iontoforese placebo, n=15) os animais foram submetidos à corrente contínua, no grupo 3 (controle de absorção, n=15) os animais receberam simulação de estímulo elétrico com CGRP e, por fim os animais do grupo 4 (tratado, n=15) foram tratados com iontoforese de CGRP. Em todos os grupos estes procedimentos foram realizados imediatamente após a técnica operatória e nos dois dias subsequentes. A porcentagem da área de necrose foi avaliada no sétimo dia de pós-operatório. Resultados: A média das porcentagens das áreas de necrose foram: grupo 1- 48%, grupo 2 - 51%, grupo 3 - 46% e, grupo 4 - 28%. A análise estatística, através do teste de Kruskal-Wallis, evidenciou diferença significante (p 0,001). Conclusão: a administração tópica de CGRP por iontoforese é eficaz em aumentar a viabilidade de retalho cutâneo randômico em ratos.