3D printed PLGA scaffold with nano-hydroxyapatite carrying linezolid for treatment of infected bone defects.

BACKGROUND: Linezolid has been reported to protect against chronic bone and joint infection. In this study, linezolid was loaded into the 3D printed poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold with nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) to explore the effect of this composite scaffold on infected bone defect (IBD). METHODS: PLGA scaffolds were produced using the 3D printing method. Drug release of linezolid was analyzed by elution and high-performance liquid chromatography assay. PLGA, PLGA-HA, and linezolid-loaded PLGA-HA scaffolds, were implanted into the defect site of a rabbit radius defect model. Micro-CT, H&E, and Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry were performed to analyze bone infection and bone healing. Evaluation of viable bacteria was performed. The cytocompatibility of 3D-printed composite scaffolds in vitro was detected using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Long-term safety of the scaffolds in rabbits was evaluated. RESULTS: The linezolid-loaded PLGA-HA scaffolds exhibited a sustained release of linezolid and showed significant antibacterial effects. In the IBD rabbit models implanted with the scaffolds, the linezolid-loaded PLGA-HA scaffolds promoted bone healing and attenuated bone infection. The PLGA-HA scaffolds carrying linezolid upregulated the expression of osteogenic genes including collagen I, runt-related transcription factor 2, and osteocalcin. The linezolid-loaded PLGA-HA scaffolds promoted the proliferation and osteogenesis of BMSCs in vitro via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Moreover, the rabbits implanted with the linezolid-loaded scaffolds showed normal biochemical profiles and normal histology, which suggested the safety of the linezolid-loaded scaffolds. CONCLUSION: Overall, the linezolid-loaded PLGA-HA scaffolds fabricated by 3D printing exerts significant bone repair and anti-infection effects.

Anti-COVID-19 mechanism of Anoectochilus roxburghii liquid based on network pharmacology and molecular docking / 药学学报

italic>Anoectochilus roxburghii liquid (spray, a hospital preparation of Wu Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University) has shown a good clinical treatment effect during the COVID-19 pandemic, but its material basis and mechanism of action are still unclear. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used to predict the molecular mechanism of A. roxburghii liquid against COVID-19, and pharmacodynamic experiments in vitro were conducted to study the interaction between the current targets with clear preventive and therapeutic effects and the key components of A. roxburghii liquid. UPLC-MS and database were used to compare and analyze the active ingredients in the liquid, and 17 potential active ingredients with good drug-like properties were screened by in vivo pharmacokinetics process in SwissADME database. SwissTargetPrediction and GeneCards were searched to find 93 common targets. Cytoscape 3.8.2 software was used to construct the "component-target" network map, and the Metascape platform was used for gene function annotation and pathway enrichment analysis. It was found that the extract could regulate the positive response to external stimuli, inflammatory response, cytokine production and other biological processes by binding the active ingredients such as isorhamnetin, kaempferol, luteolin, quercetin and apigenin to the common targets (NOS3, MPO, MMP3, etc.), and play an anti-COVID-19 role. In the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) activity inhibition assay, it was found that the stock solution of A. roxburghii liquid (for spray), and the supernatant after removing polysaccharides (mainly containing flavonoids) could to some extent inhibit the activity of ACE2. Crucially, in the experiment of 2019-nCOV-S pseudovirus infecting HEK-293T-ACE2 cells, we found that A. roxburghii liquid may exert anti-COVID-19 effects by blocking the binding of SARS-CoV-S protein to ACE2.

Value Guidance and Promotion Path of Red Doctors’ Spirit in the Ideological and Political Construction of Medical Curriculum / 中国医学伦理学

The red doctors’ spirit is a red culture formed in the process of the establishment and development of medical and health practice by the Communist Party of China, which has distinct values of self-cultivation, encouragement, education and incentive. The profound scientific connotation and rich characteristics of the times of the red doctors’ spirit play a role in leading the direction of the times, enriching the material needs, reshaping the practical context and reserving incremental needs for the ideological and political construction of medical curriculum. The promotion path of integrating the red doctors’ spirit into the ideological and political construction of medical curriculum should start from the dimensions of top-level design, normal planning, dynamic planning and standardized planning, take collaborative education as the guidance, curriculum reform as the medium, education and teaching as the means, and student development as the center, make the red doctors’ spirit into medical curriculum ideological and political construction landing link meet the practical needs of medical curriculum and teaching, to build characteristic medical ideological and political education system, provide spiritual support and value orientation for personnel training in contemporary medical education.

Clinical application of regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in children with liver failure / 中国小儿急救医学

Continuous renal replacement therapy has become an important organ support method for children with liver failure.Anticoagulation is a key step in determining the success of this treatment.Traditional systemic heparin anticoagulation has a high risk of inducing thrombocytopenia and bleeding.Protamine antagonistic heparin local anticoagulation performance is unsatisfactory.Anticoagulation without heparin is difficult to develop smoothly in children, especially low-weight infants.In recent years, regional citrate anticoagulation has gradually received attention as a new type of anticoagulation.This article reviewed the clinical application of this anticoagulation technology.

Osteological Re-Assessment and Taxonomic Revision of "Tanius laiyangensis" (Ornithischia: Hadrosauroidea) from the Upper Cretaceous of Shandong, China.

Tanius is the earliest named ornithischian genus from China. Since 1929, three species of this genus, namely T. sinensis (the type species), "T. chingkankouensis" and "T. laiyangensis", have been reported based on remains from the Wangshi Group of Shandong, China, and were previously recognized as hadrosaurines. Following the recent achievement of consensus on the phylogenetic placement of T. sinensis outside Hadrosauridae, the assignments of the "T. chingkankouensis" and "T. laiyangensis" material of hadrosaurid origin to the genus Tanius become problematic. Related taxonomic issues of "T. laiyangensis" therefore need re-appraisals. Here, we provide an overall taxonomic revision of "T. laiyangensis" from the Jingangkou Formation of northeast Shandong, by means of approaches of comparative anatomy, phylogeny and geometric morphometrics. Our osteological comparisons confirm the hadrosaurine affinity of "T. laiyangensis", given the presence of a suite of characters largely typical of Hadrosaurinae in the single specimen (i.e., a nearly complete sacrum and a partial right ilium), including a dorsoventrally narrow central plate of the ilium with the depth/length ratio <0.80. In the proposed phylogenetic framework, "T. laiyangensis" is inferred to be a member of Kritosaurini within Hadrosaurinae, as the sister taxon to Secernosaurus koerneri. The relative warp analysis on the lateral outline of the supraacetabular process also reveals a close resemblance of shape between the two species. Based on these different lines of evidence and considering no identification of any diagnostic characters from the specimen, we argue that the "T. laiyangensis" material comes from an indeterminate kritosaurin hadrosaurine in Asia. Anat Rec, 303:790-800, 2020. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in 640 000 adults in eastern China / 中华流行病学杂志

To understand the awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in residents aged 35-75 years in eastern China, analyze the treatment mode for antihypertensive agents while identifying those factors affecting awareness, treatment and control. The data collected in eastern China from the China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events (PEACE) Million Persons Project were used to obtain the information about the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the residents and the antihypertensive medication treatment mode in this area. Multilevel mixed-effects model was used to explore the association of the demographic characteristics of hypertension patients with the rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. A total of 640 539 participants aged 35-75 years, mean age (56.9±9.6) years, were included in the analysis, women accounted for 59.7 and 318 741 (49.8) of the participants suffered from hypertension. Among those hypertensive patients, 46.5 were aware of their condition, 38.1 were taking prescribed antihypertensive medications, and 11.1 had achieved the control of hypertension, the differences were significant among provinces, between urban area and rural area and among different demographical groups. Calcium-channel blockers was the most commonly used medication (45.1), and 78 735 hypertension patients (86.2) took only one type of medication. Older age, higher household income, higher level of education, and histories of myocardial infarction, stroke and diabetes were associated with higher awareness, treatment and control of hypertension (<0.05). The rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were low in residents in eastern China. The differences in hypertension management were significant among provinces and between urban area and rural area. Further efforts are needed to enhance the system of hypertension prevention, screening, diagnosis and treatment.

Effect and significance of tetrandrine on expression of Rho/Rho kinase in fetal lung of congenital diaphragmatic hernia rats / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the effect and significance of the traditional Chinese medicine tetrandrine(TET) prenatal intervention on the expression of RhoA protein and Rho kinase ROCK1 in the fetal lung of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) rat model.Methods SD female rats with 9.5 d of gestation were randomly divided into the control group,CDH group and TET group.The CDH group and TET intervention group were administered with nitrofen by gavage for establishing CDH model.The TET intervention was given on 16.5 d of gestation.The fetal rat lungs were taken by cesarean section on 21.5 d of gestation and the lung weight/body ratio(Lw/Bw) was measured.The lung development and small pulmonary arterial morphologic changes in HE staining in all groups were observed with microscopy.The protein expression of RhoA and Rho kinase ROCK1were respectively examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results In the CDH group,the lungs had obvious maldevelopment and the fetal lung development in the TET group was close to that in the control group.The lung development indicators of Lw/Bw,PAA％,and lung vascular remodeling indicators of lumen area and vascular total area ratio(LA％) in the CDH group were significantly lower than those in the control group(2.11±0.36 vs.4.24±0.31;33.60±3.12 vs.58.81 ±2.92;38.58±2.15 vs.61.20±3.23,P＜0.05),the indicators of Lw/Bw.PAA％ and LA％ after TET intervention were significantly improved compared with the CDH group(3.61±0.24 vs.2.11±0.36;42.46±3.68 vs.33.60±3.12;56.07±3.32 vs.38.58±2.15,all P ＜0.05);the ratio of small pulmonary artery wall thickness to vascular external diameter (WT％) and the medium thickness percentage (MT％) in CDH group were significantly higher than those in the control group(26.64±2.41 vs.13.50±1.45 and 25.98±2.79 vs.16.47±2.07,P＜0.05),WT％ and MT％ in the TET group were obviously lower than those in the CDH group (16.02±2.35 vs.26.64± 2.41 and 17.96 ± 1.95 vs.25.98 ± 2.79,P＜0.05).The immunohistochemistry and Western blot detection indicated that the expressions of RhoA and ROCK1 from low to high were the control group ＜TET group ＜ CDH group.Conclusion Pulmonary hypoplasia and lung vascular remodeling exist in fetal rats with CDH and Rho/Rho kinase signaling pathway may be involved in the process.Prenatally giving TET may play the lung protective effect by regulating the Rho/Rho signal pathway.

Clinical efficacy of one-lung ventilation in treatment of children postoperatively intractable atelectasis / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of fiberoptic bronchoscope-guided one-lung ventilation (OLV) on treatment of intractable atelectasis in children.@*Method@#This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2014 to May 2017. Six patients with intractable atelectasis of left lung were included. Three cases were male and three female with the age from 1.5 to 11.0 years. The endotracheal tube was intubated to the left main bronchus for OLV by the guidance of fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The effect of treatment by monitoring the chest imaging after treatment was evaluated.@*Result@#Six pediatric patients were successfully cured by OLV. The duration of OLV ranged from 1.5 to 30.0 hours, and the intervals of OLV were usually 3 to 5 days. Each patient received 6 to 20 OLV treatments. Chest images showed the left lung reexpanded obviously after OLV treatments. Five patients successfully weaned from invasive ventilation and were discharged. Another patient turned better, discharged from hospital with noninvasive ventilation and weaned from noninvasive ventilation one month later after discharge. During the procedure of OLV, the vital signs of all patients were stable and no complication occurred.@*Conclusion@#OLV with selective bronchial intubation guided by fiber bronchoscope is a safe and effective treatment for intractable atelectasis in children.

Application of improved regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous hemofiltration in children / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the application of regional citrate anticoagulation with calcium hemofiltration basic solution in continuous hemofiltration in children.@*Method@#The clinical data of 18 patients with citrate anticoagulation in continuous hemofiltration in children, excluding the hepatic failure and septic shock cases, were analyzed retrospectively, from September 2015 to August 2016 in Intensive Care Unit of the Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.The commercial calcium hemofiltration basic solution was used as displacement liquid . The blood gas analysis, electrolyte, four coagulation tests during the treatment and the corresponding relations of quantity of blood flow(QB), quantity of citrate flow(QCi), quantity of sodium bicarbonate flow(QSB), quantity of calcium flow(QCa), quantity of filtered solution flow (Qf) were monitored. Meanwhile, the blood gas analysis, electrolyte, four coagulation tests, useful life of filter, bleeding and clotting events internal and external before, during and after the treatments were monitored, too. And the common complications of citrate anticoagulation, such as hypocalcaemia, metabolic alkalosis, citrate accumulation and hypernatremia were observed.@*Result@#Continuous hemofiltration was applied in 18 patients for 734.5 hours, and the average useful life of filter was (25±11)h.There was no obvious clotting event. There were 168 groups of datum of the blood gas analysis, electrolyte, four coagulation tests during the treatment and the relationships of QB, QCi, QSB, QCa, Qf had been collected. The relationships of the initial parameter settings of QB, QCi, QSB, QCa and Qf were concluded as QCi=1.8×QB, QCa=0.12×QB, QSB=0.01×Qf . There were 150 times(89.3%)of extracorporeal ionized calcium(iCaE2+) and 162 times(96.4%) of intracorporal ionized calcium(iCaI2+) reached the anticoagulation target. Although all the comparisons of Na+ ((136.2±4.1)vs.(138.2±2.4)vs.(138.5±3.9)mmol/L), iCa2+ ((1.07±0.11)vs.(1.21±0.12)vs.(1.17±0.09)mmol/L), HCO3- ((22±4)vs.(28±5)vs. (26±4)mmol/L) among before, during and after treatment had significant difference(F=6.414, 18.950, 19.151; P=0.002, 0.000, 0.000). Each mean parameter was within the nearly normal range, except that the HCO3- increased slightly. High HCO3- was the most common complications, which happened 87 times (51.8%) during the treatment and 11 cases(37.9%) after the treatment. There was none with refractory hypocalcemia and total ionized calcium(TCa2+ )/iCa2+ above 2.5, which hints the accumulation of citrate.@*Conclusion@#The commercialized displacement liquid containing calcium can be used in RCA-CHF in children safely and simply.

Diagnostic value of serum and bile survivin levels in obstructive jaundice / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To detect the bile and serum survivin levels in patients with obstructive and to determine whether bile and/or serum survivin be helpful in distinguishing malignant obstructive jaundice (cholangiocarcinoma) from benign obstructive jaundice.Methods:Bile and serum survivin levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the feasibility of bile and/or serum in differentiating malignant obstructive jaundice from benign obstructive jaundice.Results:Mean bile survivin concentrations were significantly higher in cholangiocarcinoma compared to choledocholithiasis,benign biliary stricture,compressive stenosis and normal controls(P＜ 0.05,respectively).However,only mean serum survivin concentrations were significantly higher in cholangiocarcinoma than normal controls(P=0.009).For bile survivin,the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.780(P ＜ 0.001),and the optimal cut-off value determined was 772.28 pg/mL,providing a sensitivity of 67.27 ％ and a specificity of 80.85 ％.But the AUC was only 0.600 for serum survivin (P=0.084).Conclusions:These findings reveal that bile survivin is significantly increased in patients with cholangiocarcinoma,and bile survivin may be a useful indicator in differentiating distinguishing cholangiocarcinoma from benign obstructive jaundice.

Application of improved regional citrate anticoagulation in child hemofiltration / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the application of citrate injected by dialysis pump in regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) for child continuous hemofiltration(CHF). Methods The clinical data of 49 children patients with RCA-CHF with citrate anticoagulation in ICU of the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2015 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were divided into the traditional group(20 cases) for conducting RCA-CHF treatment and improved group(29 cases,dialysis pump injection of citric acid) for conducting RCA-CHF under CHF mode. The occurence situation of common complications such as infusion pump bubble alarming, blood undesirable collection, bleeding and coagulation, and complications such as filter lifetime and citrate anticoagulation were observed. Results The bubble alarming and filter lifetime had statistical difference between the two groups(P<0.05). The biochemical indicators before and after treatment, and Na+ , iCa2+ , TCa2+/iCa2+ and HCO3- before and after treatment had statistical difference between the two groups. But Na+ , iCa2+ , TCa2+ /iCa2+and HCO3- before and after treatment had no statistical difference between the improved group and traditional group(P>0.05). Conclusion The improved technology of dialysis pumps instead of citrate pumps can more safely and more effectively use in child RCA-CHF treatment.

Environment acidity triggers release of recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 from a tunable matrix.

Successful design of a pH responsive polyelectrolyte-based virus delivery matrix with extracellular release triggered by tumor acidosis has been achieved. Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) is loaded in the polyelectrolyte-based matrix (AAV2-matrix), which is formed by a biodegradable copolymer of poly(polyethylene glycol-1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole-dl-aspartic acid) with tuned pH response based on inclusion of polyethyleneimine (PEI(800)). Physico-chemical properties of AAV2-matrix are optimized to minimize cellular interactions until a tumor acidosis-like environment protonates the matrix, reverses ζ-potential and causes particles to swell, releasing the AAV2 virus. The pH-dependent release is highly controllable and potentially useful to optimize site specific viral delivery.

Analysis of hemagglutination inhibition antibody level in patients with influenza A H1N1 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the hemagglutination inhibition antibody level in patients with influenza A H1N1.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sera from 28 patients with influenza A H1N1 at different time points after illness onset were collected and measured by hemagglutination inhibition assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The serum hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers at 1, 5, 15, 22, 37, 49 and 58 days after illness onset were 5.36, 9.39, 39.02, 57.99, 137.92, 55.19 and 57.99 respectively. The top geometric mean titer of hemagglutination inhibition antibody was 148.55. The antibody seroconversion rate and seroprotection rate were occurred in 96.4% (27/28) of patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The patients with influenza A H1N1 have effective immune response.</p>

Construction of recombinant plasmid expressing S1 gene of new type of reovirus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct the recombinant plasmid containing S1 gene of new type of reovirus, and to study the expression of protein sigma1 in Vero cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The recombinant plasmid, named pC-S, was constructed by cloning S1 gene into vector pCAGGS/MCS. Then Vero cells were transfected with pC-S and collected at 24, 48, 72 h post transfection followed by SDS-PAGE and Western-Blot assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Results both SDS-PAGE and Western-Blot assay indicated that sigma1 protein could be expressed well and the highest expression level was 72 h post transfection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sigma1 protein could be expressed well in Vero cells by transfected with recombinant plasmid containing S1 gene, and could give some implications for subsequent research on virus-host interactions.</p>

Construction and identification of attenuated Salmonella which harboring enterovirus 71 VP1 gene / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop attenuated Salmonella which harboring enterovirus 71 (EV71) VP1 gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The plasmid which expressed VP1 protein of EV71 was constructed by gene recombination. Cellular expression was assessed by Western Blot analysis. The recombinant plasmid was then transformed into attenuated Salmonella SL7207.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>EV71 VP1 gene sequence was inserted into a eukaryotic expression plasmid VR1012. VP1 protein was detected by Western Blot analysis in the culture supernatant. And the attenuated Salmonella harbored the plasmid stable.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The plasmid was constructed successfully and it can express effectively in vitro. The bacteria which harboring the plasmid were constructed successfully. This has provided a basis for further research of an oral EV71 vaccine.</p>

Construction and identification of a vector inserted with gene of T7 RNA polymerase / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a system to rescue virus by intracellular expression of T7 RNA Polymerase.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The gene of T7 RNA Polymerase was amplified and cloned to VR1012 by molecular biological technology. The expression plasmid VR-1a was then identified. VR-1a and EV71 infectious plasmid were co-transfected in Vero cell. CPE was observed and viral gene viral antigen were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The gene of T7 RNA Polymerase was successfully cloned into vector VR1012. Vero cell developed to CPE after being transfected VR-1a and EV71 infectious plasmid. EV71 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from the culture. EV71 antigen was also detected by ELISA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method can be used to rescue virus. It could apply to immunologic research of EV71 DNA vaccine.</p>

[Combination of improved sex therapy and sildenafil for erectile dysfunction in Uigur men: retrospective analysis of 2505 cases].

OBJECTIVE: The sex therapy is not yet popularized at present. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the combination of the improved sex therapy and oral sildenafil on erectile dysfunction (ED). METHODS: A total of 3130 Uigur cases of ED received in Xinjiang Bogda Hospital were divided into a control group (n=625) and a trial group (n=2505), the former treated with oral sildenafil alone, and the latter by the combination of the improved genital therapy and sildenafil, both for 3 months and followed up at 6 and 12 months after the treatment. The therapeutic effects were evaluated and compared using IIEF-5. RESULTS: The IIEF-5 scores of the control group were 12.80 +/- 3.76 and 18.10 +/- 2.61 before and after the treatment, and 17.35 +/- 2.73 and 16.64 +/- 2.63 at 6 and 12 months, respectively, while those of the trial group were 12.73 +/- 3.52 and 19.06 +/- 4.07 before and af- ter the treatment, and 19.86 +/- 2.42 and 20.47 +/- 2.38 at 6 and 12 months, respectively, with statistically significant differences either between pre- and post-treatment (P < 0.05) or between the control and trial groups at 6 and 12 months (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of the improved sex therapy and oral sildenafil is superior to sildenafil alone in the treatment of ED, and its efficacy is relatively stable at 12 months.

Combination of improved sex therapy and sildenafil for erectile dysfunction in Uigur men: retrospective analysis of 2505 cases / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The sex therapy is not yet popularized at present. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the combination of the improved sex therapy and oral sildenafil on erectile dysfunction (ED).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 3130 Uigur cases of ED received in Xinjiang Bogda Hospital were divided into a control group (n=625) and a trial group (n=2505), the former treated with oral sildenafil alone, and the latter by the combination of the improved genital therapy and sildenafil, both for 3 months and followed up at 6 and 12 months after the treatment. The therapeutic effects were evaluated and compared using IIEF-5.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The IIEF-5 scores of the control group were 12.80 +/- 3.76 and 18.10 +/- 2.61 before and after the treatment, and 17.35 +/- 2.73 and 16.64 +/- 2.63 at 6 and 12 months, respectively, while those of the trial group were 12.73 +/- 3.52 and 19.06 +/- 4.07 before and af- ter the treatment, and 19.86 +/- 2.42 and 20.47 +/- 2.38 at 6 and 12 months, respectively, with statistically significant differences either between pre- and post-treatment (P < 0.05) or between the control and trial groups at 6 and 12 months (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of the improved sex therapy and oral sildenafil is superior to sildenafil alone in the treatment of ED, and its efficacy is relatively stable at 12 months.</p>

Construction and identification of a vector inserted with complete genome of poliovirus strain Sabin I / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a vector inserted with complete genome of poliovirus strain Sabin I.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 3 fragments of the complete genome of Sabin I was amplified and cloned to pEASY-T3 by molecular biological technology. These cloned pEASY-T3 were then digested by Restriction enzymes and ligated to pWSK29 step by step and identified.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The complete genome of poliovirus strain Sabin I was successfully cloned into vector pWSK29 with 9 nucleotide mutations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The complete genome plasmid was constructed and it provided a basis for further research of the function of Sabin I.</p>

Construction and expression of hepatitis B virus envelope protein combined with core protein with two multiple cloning sites vector / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a coexpression plasmid which expressing envelope protein and nucleoprotein of hepatitis B virus and know of its expressing efficiency.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The plasmid coexpressing envelope protein and nucleoprotein of hepatitis B virus under the CMV promoter respectively was constructed by gene recombination. Cellular expression was assessed by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Multiple cloning site was inserted into expression vector contain hepatitis B virus PreS2-S gene. And expression unit containing hepatitis B virus PreC-C was cloned into it. HBsAg and HBeAg was detected both in the culture supernatant and in the cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The coexpressing plasmid was constructed successfully and it can express effectively in vitro. This has provided a basis for further research of the therapeutic HBV DNA vaccine.</p>